[ { "currency_id": "FTM000053", "label": "Portuguese real", "aliases": [ "Portuguese real" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0428", "R-V23-008", "R0419", "R-V28-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1001", "C1010", "C1011", "C1168", "C1779", "C1796", "C1800", "C1942" ], "source_ids": [ "S477", "S479", "S480", "S565", "S927", "S929", "S928", "S930" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000053", "label": "Portuguese real", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000092", "FTM000151", "FTM000153", "FTM000156", "FTM000159", "FTM000162", "FTM000263", "FTM000266", "FTM000268", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1001", "C1010", "C1011", "C1168", "C1779", "C1796", "C1800", "C1942" ], "source_ids": [ "S477", "S479", "S480", "S565", "S927", "S929", "S928", "S930" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0428", "R-V23-008", "R0419" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS28-C1779-FTM000053-1642", "scope": "The governor arriving in Brazil in1642 recorded his funds in réis, within the transplanted Portuguese monetary system.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1642, "latest_year": 1642, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1642" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1779" ], "source_ids": [ "S927", "S929" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The governor arriving in Brazil in1642 recorded his funds in réis, within the transplanted Portuguese monetary system.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Brazilian réis accounting continued the transplanted Portuguese real system and differentiated through colonial monetary and liability arrangements. Seventeenth-century local devaluation and provincial reform document this regional branch. Explicit inherited accounting and local debt effects now supplement earlier issue/recoinage evidence. Promote from optional to primary ancestry; retain envelope as differentiation chronology rather than exact unit birth.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Retain Portuguese libra-system→real account succession; dinheiro belongs within the former profile and need not become an intervening node. Earlier real coin issues were denominated in existing account scales; account succession and coin debut must remain distinct.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000057", "label": "Argentine peso — 1881–1985 continuity", "aliases": [ "Peso argentino", "Peso ley", "Peso moneda nacional" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000973", "label": "Peso ley", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C1013", "C1014" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000974", "label": "Peso argentino", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C1014", "C1015" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0429", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1970, "latest_year": 1970, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1970-01-01", "iso_date": "1970-01-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1013" ], "scope": "Peso moneda nacional converted into Peso ley at 100 old units per new unit.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0238" ], "parent": "FTM000057", "child": "FTM000058", "layer": "primary", "source": "1500 coverage research revision 16", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_policy": "Exact ratio within the written scope, never a universal treatment of all cash and deposits.", "original_parent": "FTM000057", "original_child": "FTM000058", "currency_id": "FTM000057", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0430", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1983, "latest_year": 1983, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1983-06-01", "iso_date": "1983-06-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1014" ], "scope": "Peso ley converted into Peso argentino at 10000 old units per new unit.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0239" ], "parent": "FTM000058", "child": "FTM000059", "layer": "primary", "source": "1500 coverage research revision 16", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_policy": "Exact ratio within the written scope, never a universal treatment of all cash and deposits.", "original_parent": "FTM000058", "original_child": "FTM000059", "currency_id": "FTM000057", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0431", "R-V25-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1014", "C1015", "C1013", "C1012", "C1248", "C1309", "C1600" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S481", "S629", "S595" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Law 1130 required existing contracts to settle in equivalent national currency and issuing banks to renew their note circulation in national currency. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1881law mandatesnationalunit contracts andconversionofexistingobligations; localbank emissions mustrenew inmoneda nacional withintwoyears. BuenosAirespeso isone localinput. Typedunification supported;no inventeduniversal25:1ratio, noexclusiveBAparent.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000057", "label": "Argentine peso — 1881–1985 continuity", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000061" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1014", "C1015", "C1013", "C1012", "C1248", "C1309", "C1600" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S481", "S629", "S595" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0431" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000060", "label": "Austral", "aliases": [ "Austral" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0431", "R0432" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1015", "C1016" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S481" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000060", "label": "Austral", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000061" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1015", "C1016" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S481" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0432" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000061", "label": "Argentine peso", "aliases": [ "Argentine peso" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0432" ], "claim_ids": [ "C490", "C1016" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S225", "S481" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "ARS", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000061" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000060", "label": "Austral", "relationship_id": "R0432", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1992, "latest_year": 1992, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1992-01-01", "iso_date": "1992-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1016" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. Do not add all circulating foreign currencies as parents. 1881 contractual and banknote unification is real; individual predecessor identities require evidence. The Buenos Aires input is explicitly qualified.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0432", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000061", "label": "Argentine peso", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "ARS" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C490", "C1016" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S225", "S481" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000063", "label": "Boliviano", "aliases": [ "Boliviano" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0435" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1019", "C1023", "C1340", "C1341", "C1342" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S482", "S660", "S661" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Independent Bolivia legislated official remuneration in pesos by12September1826.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The1863 law calls the boliviano a peso fuerte, decimalizes its value, rates newly specified money against circulating money, and requires state-office payment reckoning in the new decree’s bolivianos/pesos.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "1826 salary-peso observation is genuine, but identifying that account currency with1863 boliviano requires dated accounting/contract transition evidence across strong/feble peso practices.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000063", "label": "Boliviano", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000065" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1019", "C1023", "C1340", "C1341", "C1342" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S482", "S660", "S661" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0435" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000064", "label": "Peso boliviano", "aliases": [ "Peso boliviano" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0435", "R0436" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1019", "C1020" ], "source_ids": [ "S98" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000064", "label": "Peso boliviano", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000065" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1019", "C1020" ], "source_ids": [ "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0436" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000065", "label": "Boliviano", "aliases": [ "Boliviano" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0436" ], "claim_ids": [ "C491", "C1020" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S226" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BOB", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000065" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000064", "label": "Peso boliviano", "relationship_id": "R0436", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1987, "latest_year": 1987, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1987-01-01", "iso_date": "1987-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1020" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. An1826salary law confirms earlier peso accounting. Its identity relation to the1863boliviano remains unresolved across strong/feble peso practices; the observation is retained as context,not an automatic depth witness.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0436", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000065", "label": "Boliviano", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "BOB" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C491", "C1020" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S226" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000066", "label": "Chilean peso", "aliases": [ "Chilean peso" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1272-1851", "label": "Chile’s 9 January 1851 law defined the peso and its decimal divisions within the monetary system continued before the 1960 escudo reform. Same local peso profile; no node for the decimal system or gold denominations.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1851, "latest_year": 1851, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1851" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1272" ], "source_ids": [ "S624", "S625" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0433" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1017", "C1272" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S624", "S625" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1272-FTM000066-1851", "scope": "Chile’s 9 January 1851 law defined the peso and its decimal divisions within the monetary system continued before the 1960 escudo reform. Same local peso profile; no node for the decimal system or gold denominations.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1851, "latest_year": 1851, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1851" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1272" ], "source_ids": [ "S624", "S625" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Chile’s 9 January 1851 law defined the peso and its decimal divisions within the monetary system continued before the 1960 escudo reform. Same local peso profile; no node for the decimal system or gold denominations.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000066", "label": "Chilean peso", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000068" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1017", "C1272" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S624", "S625" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0433" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000067", "label": "Chilean escudo", "aliases": [ "Chilean escudo" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0433", "R0434" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1017", "C1018" ], "source_ids": [ "S98" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000067", "label": "Chilean escudo", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000068" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1017", "C1018" ], "source_ids": [ "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0434" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000068", "label": "Chilean peso", "aliases": [ "Chilean peso" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0434" ], "claim_ids": [ "C587", "C1018" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S320" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "CLP", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000068" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000067", "label": "Chilean escudo", "relationship_id": "R0434", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1975, "latest_year": 1975, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1975-09-29", "iso_date": "1975-09-29" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1018" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0434", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000068", "label": "Chilean peso", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "CLP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C587", "C1018" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S320" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000070", "label": "Colombian peso", "aliases": [ "Colombian peso", "Colombian real" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000744", "label": "Colombian Peso — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C570" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1200-1821", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1821, "latest_year": 1821, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1821" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1200" ], "source_ids": [ "S584" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-018", "R-V23-019" ], "claim_ids": [ "C570", "C1178", "C1179", "C1200", "C1651" ], "source_ids": [ "S304", "S584", "S473", "S803" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "COP", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000070" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000476", "label": "Spanish real / peso de a ocho", "relationship_id": "R-V23-018", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1819, "latest_year": 1821, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1819–1821" }, "status": "qualified", "claim_ids": [ "C1178" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-018", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 1821 monetary legislation retained the Spanish eight-real peso system in independent Colombia.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Panama's balboa system established in1904succeeded the locally circulating Colombian silver-peso monetary system. Original historical narrative plainly establishes local succession. Existing broad Colombian peso profile may retain silver/paper distinctions as qualifications; does not imply mainland depreciated paper pesos converted on identical terms. No universal contractual ratio asserted.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000070", "label": "Colombian peso", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "COP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000071" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C570", "C1178", "C1179", "C1200", "C1651" ], "source_ids": [ "S304", "S584", "S473", "S803" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-019" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000071", "label": "Panamanian balboa", "aliases": [ "Panamanian balboa" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-019", "R0413" ], "claim_ids": [ "C558", "C995", "C1179", "C1604", "C1651" ], "source_ids": [ "S292", "S473", "S734", "S803" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "PAB", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000071" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000070", "label": "Colombian peso", "relationship_id": "R-V23-019", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1904, "latest_year": 1904, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1904" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1179", "C1651" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-019", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000071", "label": "Panamanian balboa", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "PAB" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C558", "C995", "C1179", "C1604", "C1651" ], "source_ids": [ "S292", "S473", "S734", "S803" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Law84of28June1904 establishesbalboa; USDgoldlegal equivalence issharedstandard/legal tender, not evidenceofUSDaccountunit succession. Correctlawdate; Colombianlimitedcoinredemption doesnot establishgeneralaccountconversion.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Panama's balboa system established in1904succeeded the locally circulating Colombian silver-peso monetary system. Original historical narrative plainly establishes local succession. Existing broad Colombian peso profile may retain silver/paper distinctions as qualifications; does not imply mainland depreciated paper pesos converted on identical terms. No universal contractual ratio asserted.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000073", "label": "Costa Rican colón", "aliases": [ "Costa Rican colón" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000666", "label": "Costa Rican Colon — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C492" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-017" ], "claim_ids": [ "C492", "C1119", "C1594" ], "source_ids": [ "S227", "S626" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "CRC", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000073" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000072", "label": "Costa Rican peso", "relationship_id": "R-V22-017", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1896, "latest_year": 1896, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1896" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1119", "C1594" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-017", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000073", "label": "Costa Rican colón", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "CRC" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C492", "C1119", "C1594" ], "source_ids": [ "S227", "S626" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The1896monetary reform established the colón after Costa Rican peso accounting; the new unit subsequently denominated bank capital under1900law. Authoritative monetary history identifies prior peso obligations and subsequent principal colón unit. Do not assert a conversion ratio or merge as mere rename without further evidence.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000074", "label": "Guatemalan peso", "aliases": [ "Guatemalan peso" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0410", "R-V27-020", "R-V27-034" ], "claim_ids": [ "C992", "C1487", "C1663", "C1678", "C1692" ], "source_ids": [ "S471", "S800", "S733", "S801", "S858", "S860" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000074", "label": "Guatemalan peso", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000075", "T-FTM000525" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C992", "C1487", "C1663", "C1678", "C1692" ], "source_ids": [ "S471", "S800", "S733", "S801", "S858", "S860" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0410", "R-V27-020" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1487-FTM000074-1887", "scope": "The Guatemalan dollar or sol was the standard of value in British Honduras from1887.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1887, "latest_year": 1887, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1887" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1487" ], "source_ids": [ "S800" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The Guatemalan dollar or sol was the standard of value in British Honduras from1887.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000075", "label": "Guatemalan quetzal", "aliases": [ "Guatemalan quetzal" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0410", "R0411" ], "claim_ids": [ "C495", "C992", "C993", "C1603", "C1663", "C1960" ], "source_ids": [ "S230", "S471", "S733" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "GTQ", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000075" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000074", "label": "Guatemalan peso", "relationship_id": "R0410", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1924, "latest_year": 1926, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1924–1926" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C992", "C1663" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0410", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000075", "label": "Guatemalan quetzal", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "GTQ" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C495", "C992", "C993", "C1603", "C1663" ], "source_ids": [ "S230", "S471", "S733" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "QuetzalUSDfoundingrelation isgoldstandardparity; actuallocalpredecessor wasGuatemalanpeso, exchanged60:1. ExcludeUSDparity fromancestrypaths; addexistingpeso→quetzal replacement.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "adopted_basis_relationship_ids": [ "R0411" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000077", "label": "Honduran lempira", "aliases": [ "Honduran lempira" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000667", "label": "Lempira — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C493" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-052" ], "claim_ids": [ "C493", "C1154", "C1595" ], "source_ids": [ "S228", "S545" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "HNL", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000077" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000076", "label": "Honduran real / peso", "relationship_id": "R-V22-052", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1926, "latest_year": 1931, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1926–1931" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1154", "C1595" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. Fully inspected original scholarship now supports the1879peso account-unit anchor. Earlier Spanish/Central-American local succession remains open; primary1879decree still sought.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-052", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000077", "label": "Honduran lempira", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "HNL" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C493", "C1154", "C1595" ], "source_ids": [ "S228", "S545" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Original tradeaccountresearch explicitly identifiesHonduranpeso as unitreplaced bylempira under1926decree102, withcirculationin1931. Fulltext nowinspected, correcting obsoleteindexed-only limitation. Supportedlocalreplacement; exact obligationconversiondate/rate withheld.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000078", "label": "Nicaraguan peso", "aliases": [ "Nicaraguan peso" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0415", "R-V27-033" ], "claim_ids": [ "C997", "C1523", "C1662", "C1691" ], "source_ids": [ "S476", "S859", "S726", "S858" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000078", "label": "Nicaraguan peso", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000081" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C997", "C1523", "C1662", "C1691" ], "source_ids": [ "S476", "S859", "S726", "S858" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0415" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1523-FTM000078-1878", "scope": "National centavo issue represented one hundredth of the already used peso unit of account.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1878, "latest_year": 1878, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1878" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1523" ], "source_ids": [ "S859" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "National centavo issue represented one hundredth of the already used peso unit of account.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000079", "label": "Nicaraguan córdoba — 1912 unit, including 1988 scale", "aliases": [ "New córdoba", "Córdoba" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000963", "label": "New córdoba", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C999", "C1000" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0417", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1988, "latest_year": 1988, "precision": "month", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1988-02", "iso_date": "1988-02" }, "claim_ids": [ "C999" ], "scope": "The new córdoba replaced the old córdoba at one to one thousand. Sources differ between 14 and 15 February; month precision avoids conflating reform announcement and implementation.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0228" ], "parent": "FTM000079", "child": "FTM000080", "layer": "primary", "source": "1500 coverage research revision 16", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_policy": "Exact ratio within the written scope, never a universal treatment of all cash and deposits.", "original_parent": "FTM000079", "original_child": "FTM000080", "currency_id": "FTM000079", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0418", "R0415", "R0416" ], "claim_ids": [ "C999", "C1000", "C997", "C998", "C1605", "C1662" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S475", "S476", "S726" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000079", "label": "Nicaraguan córdoba — 1912 unit, including 1988 scale", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000081" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C999", "C1000", "C997", "C998", "C1605", "C1662" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S475", "S476", "S726" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0418" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "USDparity doesnotestablish córdobaancestry; primary1913law converts localpeso contracts,statutes,feesandfines to córdobas. Replaceancestrypath by documentedexistingpeso parent; retainUSDstandard ascontext.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000081", "label": "Córdoba oro", "aliases": [ "Córdoba oro" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0418" ], "claim_ids": [ "C497", "C1000" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S232", "S476" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "NIO", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000081" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000079", "label": "Nicaraguan córdoba — 1912 unit, including 1988 scale", "relationship_id": "R0418", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1990, "latest_year": 1991, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1990–1991" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1000" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0418", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000081", "label": "Córdoba oro", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "NIO" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C497", "C1000" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S232", "S476" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000083", "label": "Salvadoran colón", "aliases": [ "Salvadoran colón", "Salvadoran peso" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000771", "label": "El Salvador Colon — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C598" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1203-1892", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1883, "latest_year": 1892, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1883–1892" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1203" ], "source_ids": [ "S587", "S589" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-022" ], "claim_ids": [ "C598", "C1182", "C1203", "C1598" ], "source_ids": [ "S330", "S589", "S587", "S836" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SVC", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000083" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000476", "label": "Spanish real / peso de a ocho", "relationship_id": "R-V23-022", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1821, "latest_year": 1841, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1821–1841" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1182", "C1598" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-022", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The Salvadoran peso was renamed colón in 1892 for official documents; monetary reform and naming do not create a separate currency identity.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The nascent Salvadoran republic inherited the Spanish real system, including its multiples and subdivisions, through independence and the Central American federation. Original university museum history explicitly states inherited monetary system. Existing Salvadoran peso/colón profile can include real denominations; avoid an extra node for decimalisation.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000083", "label": "Salvadoran colón", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "SVC" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C598", "C1182", "C1203", "C1598" ], "source_ids": [ "S330", "S589", "S587", "S836" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000085", "label": "Sol de oro", "aliases": [ "Sol de oro" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1275-1930", "label": "Law 6746 of 11 February 1930 established the sol-oro and rated existing silver soles at the same legal value. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1930, "latest_year": 1930, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1930" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1275" ], "source_ids": [ "S628" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0437", "R-V27-037" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1021", "C1275", "C1307", "C1308", "C1522", "C1695" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S628", "S863" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1275-FTM000085-1930", "scope": "Law 6746 of 11 February 1930 established the sol-oro and rated existing silver soles at the same legal value. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1930, "latest_year": 1930, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1930" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1275" ], "source_ids": [ "S628" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1522-FTM000085-1930", "scope": "Sol de oro already established as principal unit by Law6746, before1931standard reform.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1930, "latest_year": 1930, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1930" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1522" ], "source_ids": [ "S863" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Law 6746 of 11 February 1930 established the sol-oro and rated existing silver soles at the same legal value. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Decree-Law 7126 required debts in Peruvian libras to be paid at ten soles per libra. Actual obligation conversion. Whether libra is a separate currency identity or a larger accounting denomination remains held for review.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The 14 February 1863 law named the sol as monetary unit; extending the existing sol-de-oro profile to this point requires review of the intervening libra system. Do not create a silver-sol node merely for a metal or standard change.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Sol de oro already established as principal unit by Law6746, before1931standard reform.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000085", "label": "Sol de oro", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000087" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1021", "C1275", "C1307", "C1308", "C1522", "C1695" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S628", "S863" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0437" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000086", "label": "Inti", "aliases": [ "Inti" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0437", "R0438" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1021", "C1022" ], "source_ids": [ "S98" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000086", "label": "Inti", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000087" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1021", "C1022" ], "source_ids": [ "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0438" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000087", "label": "Peruvian sol", "aliases": [ "Peruvian sol" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0438" ], "claim_ids": [ "C536", "C1022" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S270" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "PEN", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000087" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000086", "label": "Inti", "relationship_id": "R0438", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1991, "latest_year": 1991, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1991-07-01", "iso_date": "1991-07-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1022" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. Hold a new Peruvian-libra node and an 1863-to-modern shortcut. The law converts debts, but whether this is unit rescaling within continuity or distinct currency succession is unresolved. A stronger 1930 anchor is admissible now.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0438", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000087", "label": "Peruvian sol", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "PEN" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C536", "C1022" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S270" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000089", "label": "Paraguayan guaraní", "aliases": [ "Paraguayan guaraní" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000668", "label": "Guarani — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C494" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-018" ], "claim_ids": [ "C494", "C1120" ], "source_ids": [ "S229", "S533" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "PYG", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000089" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000088", "label": "Paraguayan peso fuerte", "relationship_id": "R-V22-018", "kind": "statutory_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1943, "latest_year": 1943, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1943" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1120" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. Hold a direct Spanish-to-Paraguayan edge in this pass. Earlier salary/tax reckoning is evidenced, but peso fuerte versus corriente and postwar rebuilding must be scoped before compressing the full colonial chain.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-018", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000089", "label": "Paraguayan guaraní", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "PYG" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C494", "C1120" ], "source_ids": [ "S229", "S533" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000092", "label": "Uruguayan peso", "aliases": [ "Uruguayan peso" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000709", "label": "Peso Uruguayo — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C535" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1204-1863", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1863, "latest_year": 1863, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1863" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1204" ], "source_ids": [ "S588" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH24-C1222-1831", "label": "Peso corriente accounts", "date": { "earliest_year": 1830, "latest_year": 1831, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1830–1831" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1222" ], "source_ids": [ "S594", "S595", "S596" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH24-C1223-1829", "label": "Earlier public-account observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1829, "latest_year": 1829, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1829" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1223" ], "source_ids": [ "S598" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V24-006", "R-V24-007" ], "claim_ids": [ "C535", "C1204", "C1210", "C1211", "C1222", "C1223", "C1234", "C1235" ], "source_ids": [ "S269", "S588", "S594", "S595", "S596", "S598", "S597" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "UYU", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000092" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000476", "label": "Spanish real / peso de a ocho", "relationship_id": "R-V24-006", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1828, "latest_year": 1831, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1828–1831" }, "status": "qualified", "claim_ids": [ "C1210" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000145", "label": "Brazilian real (réis)", "relationship_id": "R-V24-007", "kind": "account_unit_contribution", "date": { "earliest_year": 1831, "latest_year": 1831, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1831" }, "status": "qualified", "claim_ids": [ "C1211" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V24-006", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R-V24-007", "role": "contributing_public_account_conversion" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 1862 law established the national peso from 1 January 1863 and altered its account subdivision; it does not by itself prove a distinct predecessor under the no-rescaling rule.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Official issuer history identifies adoption of peso corriente accounting in 1830; newspaper-based research identifies a fixed eight-real unit from 1831. The regional association with the continuing Uruguayan peso remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Public-payment rules in 1829 use peso-denominated tax thresholds before national coin issues. Connecting this local observation to the later Uruguayan peso is qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Articles 35–38 of the 1831 law regulate existing Brazilian-copper obligations and deposits through local notes and their prescribed conversion. This is evidence about obligations, beyond circulation or metal standards.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The 1839 law authorized copper fractions of the existing current silver real and limited mandatory acceptance. The issue is profile evidence, not a new currency identity.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS24-C1222-FTM000092-1831", "scope": "Official issuer history identifies adoption of peso corriente accounting in 1830; newspaper-based research identifies a fixed eight-real unit from 1831. The regional association with the continuing Uruguayan peso remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1830, "latest_year": 1831, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1830–1831" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1222" ], "source_ids": [ "S594", "S595", "S596" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_transition", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS24-C1223-FTM000092-1829", "scope": "Public-payment rules in 1829 use peso-denominated tax thresholds before national coin issues. Connecting this local observation to the later Uruguayan peso is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1829, "latest_year": 1829, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1829" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1223" ], "source_ids": [ "S598" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_transition", "date_is_creation": false } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000092", "label": "Uruguayan peso", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "UYU" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C535", "C1204", "C1210", "C1211", "C1222", "C1223", "C1234", "C1235" ], "source_ids": [ "S269", "S588", "S594", "S595", "S596", "S598", "S597" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000098", "label": "Venezuelan bolívar", "aliases": [ "Venezuelan bolívar — 2021 scale (VES; auxiliary VED)", "Venezuelan bolívar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000754", "label": "Bolívar Soberano — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C580", "C581", "C601" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-040" ], "claim_ids": [ "C580", "C581", "C601", "C1142" ], "source_ids": [ "S314", "S333", "S544" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "VES", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000098" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000094", "label": "Venezolano", "relationship_id": "R-V22-040", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1879, "latest_year": 1879, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1879" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1142" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. Hold a direct Spanish/Gran-Colombian-to-venezolano edge. The 1830s–1871 sequence contains multiple accounting reforms; same names and circulating foreign coins are insufficient.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-040", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000098", "label": "Venezuelan bolívar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "VES" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C580", "C581", "C601", "C1142" ], "source_ids": [ "S314", "S333", "S544" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000100", "label": "Cuban peso", "aliases": [ "Cuban peso" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000772", "label": "Cuban Peso — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C599" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1201-1916", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1916, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914–1916" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1201" ], "source_ids": [ "S585", "S586" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-020" ], "claim_ids": [ "C599", "C1180", "C1201" ], "source_ids": [ "S331", "S585", "S586" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "CUP", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000100" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000099", "label": "Cuban peso oro español — local Spanish-gold accounting", "relationship_id": "R-V23-020", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1916, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914–1916" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1180" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-020", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The national peso was established by the 1914 law, and practical conversion of accounts to the new system was reported complete by June 1916.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000100", "label": "Cuban peso", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "CUP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C599", "C1180", "C1201" ], "source_ids": [ "S331", "S585", "S586" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000113", "label": "Dominican peso", "aliases": [ "Dominican peso" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0412" ], "claim_ids": [ "C496", "C994", "C1336", "C1472", "C1593" ], "source_ids": [ "S231", "S472", "S651", "S727", "S728" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "DOP", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000113" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000481", "label": "United States dollar", "relationship_id": "R0412", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1948, "latest_year": 1948, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1948" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C994", "C1593" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0412", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The Dominican issuer dates national currency legislation to1937 while US dollar notes continued. The1947dollar withdrawal remains documented; its role as founding rather than later conversion is unresolved.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Existingcontracts and deposits becomeDominicanpeso obligations inphase2 from1February1948.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Law1528 expressly transforms existing USD obligations andbankdeposits intoDominicanpesos inphase2 beginning1February1948, while preserving1937subsidiarycoins. Direct accountconversion resolves earlier note-onlylimitation. Legalnewunit enacted1947; operativegeneralaccounttransition1948.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000113", "label": "Dominican peso", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "DOP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C496", "C994", "C1336", "C1472", "C1593" ], "source_ids": [ "S231", "S472", "S651", "S727", "S728" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1472-FTM000113-1948", "scope": "Existingcontracts and deposits becomeDominicanpeso obligations inphase2 from1February1948.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1948, "latest_year": 1948, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1948" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1472" ], "source_ids": [ "S727", "S728" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000114", "label": "Liberian dollar", "aliases": [ "Liberian dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH23-C1193-1935", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1935, "latest_year": 1935, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1935" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1193" ], "source_ids": [ "S345" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH24-C1224-1843", "label": "Commonwealth dollar accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1839, "latest_year": 1843, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1839–1843" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1224" ], "source_ids": [ "S604", "S605", "S541", "S607" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH24-C1225-1933", "label": "National account unit before 1935", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1225" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-010" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1170", "C1193", "C1224", "C1225", "C1236", "C1237", "C1238", "C1239", "C1240", "C1241", "C1242", "C1243", "C1244", "C1245", "C1349" ], "source_ids": [ "S345", "S604", "S605", "S541", "S607", "S609", "S608", "S606" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "LRD", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000114" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000481", "label": "United States dollar", "relationship_id": "R-V23-010", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1839, "latest_year": 1843, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1839–1843" }, "status": "qualified", "claim_ids": [ "C1170", "C1245", "C1349" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. Qualified regional USD branch admitted from1839–1843account evidence. No exclusive parent or universal redemption is asserted.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-010", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Earlier revision wording is superseded: the 1935 law redefined an existing Liberian dollar. See the revision 24 statutory correction.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The Commonwealth adopted US monetary standards in 1839 and used local dollar obligations, taxes and bill redemption by the 1843 compilation. Association with the continuing Liberian dollar is qualified; the compilation date is not the enactment date of its undated currency act.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 1933 official survey identifies the Liberian dollar as the monetary unit while reporting British West African coins as the principal circulating money.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The Commonwealth constitution adopted United States monetary standards on 5 January 1839, while reserving local currency-valuation authority.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "By the 1843 official compilation, Commonwealth law reckoned debts, judicial thresholds, taxes, currency redemption and militia pay in dollars and cents. The Uniform Currency Act recognized earlier Commonwealth bills issued after 21 January 1840.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The 1847 constitution continued compatible Commonwealth laws into the Republic until repeal.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The Commonwealth dollar reckoning and the Republic’s continuing dollar account unit can be represented as an earlier qualified phase of FTM000114, rather than separate nodes for independence, notes or coins. This is an adjudicated continuity inference, not a proved uninterrupted chain of every intervening enactment.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The 1917 BBWA agreement maintained government debit and repayment obligations in dollars despite British banking and currency circulation; the agreement alone does not identify the dollar denomination more narrowly.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The Liberian dollar was identified as the country’s monetary unit in 1933, before the 1935 gold-content act.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The 1935 gold-content act amended an existing Revised Statutes provision and should be treated as a standard reform of an existing dollar unit.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Kemmerer’s 1939 report explicitly distinguishes Liberian-dollar government accounts from sterling wages and prices and US-dollar debt.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Sterling and West African pound circulation did not extinguish the official Liberian-dollar account unit; the 1942–43 circulating-medium replacement is therefore insufficient to make the West African pound the predecessor of LRD.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS24-C1224-FTM000114-1843", "scope": "The Commonwealth adopted US monetary standards in 1839 and used local dollar obligations, taxes and bill redemption by the 1843 compilation. Association with the continuing Liberian dollar is qualified; the compilation date is not the enactment date of its undated currency act.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1839, "latest_year": 1843, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1839–1843" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1224" ], "source_ids": [ "S604", "S605", "S541", "S607" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_transition", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS24-C1225-FTM000114-1933", "scope": "The 1933 official survey identifies the Liberian dollar as the monetary unit while reporting British West African coins as the principal circulating money.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1225" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_transition", "date_is_creation": false } ], "claim_adjudications": [ { "claim_id": "C1193", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "status": "superseded_interpretation", "replacement_claim_ids": [ "C1242" ], "reason": "The inspected 1935 act amends an existing dollar provision. Its wording does not establish the account unit in 1935." } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000114", "label": "Liberian dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "LRD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1170", "C1193", "C1224", "C1225", "C1236", "C1237", "C1238", "C1239", "C1240", "C1241", "C1242", "C1243", "C1244", "C1245", "C1349" ], "source_ids": [ "S345", "S604", "S605", "S541", "S607", "S609", "S608", "S606" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000121", "label": "South Korean won", "aliases": [ "South Korean won" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000698", "label": "Won — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C524" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-010" ], "claim_ids": [ "C524", "C1112", "C1303", "C1619" ], "source_ids": [ "S259", "S617", "S618", "S747" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "KRW", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000121" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000120", "label": "South Korean hwan", "relationship_id": "R-V22-010", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1962, "latest_year": 1962, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1962" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1112", "C1619" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-010", "role": "replacement" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The hwan and won remain distinct, provisionally scoped account units under the existing replacement decision. The 1953 and 1962 reform ratios alone neither establish nor disprove identity; the broader South Korean continuity question remains open. No new currency is admitted solely for a note issuer change.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Act1088 explicitly made won the unit of account from10June1962, at1won:10hwan, regulating outstanding hwan-denominated debts and deposits. Principal account-unit replacement retained under clarified project ontology; exact conversion does not itself imply identity.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000121", "label": "South Korean won", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [ "KRW" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C524", "C1112", "C1303", "C1619" ], "source_ids": [ "S259", "S617", "S618", "S747" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000122", "label": "North Korean won", "aliases": [ "North Korean won" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000747", "label": "North Korean Won — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C573" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-011" ], "claim_ids": [ "C573", "C1171", "C1617" ], "source_ids": [ "S307", "S570", "S571" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "KPW", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000122" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000118", "label": "Korean yen / won before the North–South currency separation", "relationship_id": "R-V23-011", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1947, "latest_year": 1947, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1947" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1171", "C1617" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-011", "role": "branch" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000122", "label": "North Korean won", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [ "KPW" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C573", "C1171", "C1617" ], "source_ids": [ "S307", "S570", "S571" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "December1947 reform established northern money as sole unlimited public/private settlement medium, converted prior common-unit instruments at par and regulated existing deposits and debts. Distinct northern settlement jurisdiction together with legal withdrawal of cross-border common instruments and handling of balances supports regional branch; do not create a Soviet-ruble parent.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000140", "label": "Vietnamese đồng", "aliases": [ "Vietnamese đồng" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000728", "label": "Dong — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C554" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-050" ], "claim_ids": [ "C554", "C1152", "C1616" ], "source_ids": [ "S288", "S98", "S738" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "VND", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000140" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-SOUTH-VIETNAM-DONG", "label": "South Vietnamese đồng", "relationship_id": "R-V22-050", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1978, "latest_year": 1978, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1978" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1152", "C1616" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-050", "role": "absorption" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000140", "label": "Vietnamese đồng", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "VND" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C554", "C1152", "C1616" ], "source_ids": [ "S288", "S98", "S738" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Decision87-CP converted southern deposits, capital accounts, wages, pensions and prices into nationwide dong at0.80southern dong to1newdong, while northern dong converted1:1. Article8 removes note-only uncertainty. Under no-new-node-for-issuer/scale policy, northern account continuity stays with existingVND; southern account is absorbed. Earlier South Vietnamese phases still require their own evidence.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000143", "label": "Lao kip", "aliases": [ "Lao kip", "Liberation kip" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000723", "label": "Lao Kip — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C549" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1194-1968", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1968, "latest_year": 1968, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1968" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1194" ], "source_ids": [ "S573", "S572" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1194-1976", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1976, "latest_year": 1976, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1976" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1194" ], "source_ids": [ "S573", "S572" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1194-1979", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1979, "latest_year": 1979, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1979" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1194" ], "source_ids": [ "S573", "S572" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-012" ], "claim_ids": [ "C549", "C1172", "C1194" ], "source_ids": [ "S283", "S572", "S573" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "LAK", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000143" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000141", "label": "Royal / Vientiane kip", "relationship_id": "R-V23-012", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1976, "latest_year": 1976, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1976" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1172" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-012", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The Liberation kip circulated in a separate Lao zone before national adoption; its 1979 exchange 100 old to 1 new is retained as a rescaling within the modern Lao kip profile. 1968 founding date is research-history report; 1976 existence corroborated by the contemporary World Bank report. Kangkai predecessor boundary not adjudicated.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The Liberation kip circulated in a separate Lao zone before national adoption; its 1979 exchange 100 old to 1 new is retained as a rescaling within the modern Lao kip profile. 1968 founding date is research-history report; 1976 existence corroborated by the contemporary World Bank report. Kangkai predecessor boundary not adjudicated.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The Liberation kip circulated in a separate Lao zone before national adoption; its 1979 exchange 100 old to 1 new is retained as a rescaling within the modern Lao kip profile. 1968 founding date is research-history report; 1976 existence corroborated by the contemporary World Bank report. Kangkai predecessor boundary not adjudicated.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000143", "label": "Lao kip", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "LAK" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C549", "C1172", "C1194" ], "source_ids": [ "S283", "S572", "S573" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000145", "label": "Brazilian real (réis)", "aliases": [ "Brazilian real (réis)" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0420", "R-V24-007", "R0419" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1001", "C1002", "C1211", "C1778", "C1796" ], "source_ids": [ "S477", "S478", "S479", "S596", "S594", "S928", "S927", "S929" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000145", "label": "Brazilian real (réis)", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000092", "FTM000151" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1001", "C1002", "C1211", "C1778", "C1796" ], "source_ids": [ "S477", "S478", "S479", "S596", "S594", "S928", "S927", "S929" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0420", "R-V24-007" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS28-C1778-FTM000145-1692", "scope": "The governor's July1692 fiscal report uses réis valuations while describing threatened tax collections and ecclesiastical and secular payrolls in the colonial monetary system.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1692, "latest_year": 1692, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1692" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1778" ], "source_ids": [ "S928" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The governor's July1692 fiscal report uses réis valuations while describing threatened tax collections and ecclesiastical and secular payrolls in the colonial monetary system.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Brazilian réis accounting continued the transplanted Portuguese real system and differentiated through colonial monetary and liability arrangements. Seventeenth-century local devaluation and provincial reform document this regional branch. Explicit inherited accounting and local debt effects now supplement earlier issue/recoinage evidence. Promote from optional to primary ancestry; retain envelope as differentiation chronology rather than exact unit birth.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000146", "label": "Brazilian cruzeiro — 1942 currency", "aliases": [ "Cruzeiro", "Cruzeiro novo / cruzeiro" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000968", "label": "Cruzeiro novo / cruzeiro", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C1003", "C1004", "C1008" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0421", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1967, "latest_year": 1967, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1967-02-13", "iso_date": "1967-02-13" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1003" ], "scope": "Cruzeiro converted into Cruzeiro novo / cruzeiro at 1000 old units per new unit.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0230" ], "parent": "FTM000146", "child": "FTM000147", "layer": "primary", "source": "1500 coverage research revision 16", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_policy": "Exact ratio within the written scope, never a universal treatment of all cash and deposits.", "original_parent": "FTM000146", "original_child": "FTM000147", "currency_id": "FTM000146", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0426", "kind": "unit_name_change", "date": { "earliest_year": 1970, "latest_year": 1970, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1970-05-15", "iso_date": "1970-05-15" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1008" ], "scope": "Cruzeiro novo was renamed cruzeiro without rescaling.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0235" ], "track": "FTM000147", "currency_id": "FTM000146", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0420", "R0422" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1002", "C1003", "C1004", "C1008" ], "source_ids": [ "S478" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000146", "label": "Brazilian cruzeiro — 1942 currency", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000151" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1002", "C1003", "C1004", "C1008" ], "source_ids": [ "S478" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0422" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000148", "label": "Brazilian cruzado / cruzeiro — 1986–1994 continuity", "aliases": [ "Cruzado", "Cruzeiro real", "Cruzado novo / cruzeiro" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000970", "label": "Cruzado novo / cruzeiro", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C1005", "C1006", "C1009" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000971", "label": "Cruzeiro real", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C1006", "C1007" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0423", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1989, "latest_year": 1989, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1989-01-16", "iso_date": "1989-01-16" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1005" ], "scope": "Cruzado converted into Cruzado novo / cruzeiro at 1000 old units per new unit.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0232" ], "parent": "FTM000148", "child": "FTM000149", "layer": "primary", "source": "1500 coverage research revision 16", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_policy": "Exact ratio within the written scope, never a universal treatment of all cash and deposits.", "original_parent": "FTM000148", "original_child": "FTM000149", "currency_id": "FTM000148", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0424", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993-08-01", "iso_date": "1993-08-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1006" ], "scope": "Cruzado novo / cruzeiro converted into Cruzeiro real at 1000 old units per new unit.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0233" ], "parent": "FTM000149", "child": "FTM000150", "layer": "primary", "source": "1500 coverage research revision 16", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_policy": "Exact ratio within the written scope, never a universal treatment of all cash and deposits.", "original_parent": "FTM000149", "original_child": "FTM000150", "currency_id": "FTM000148", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0427", "kind": "unit_name_change", "date": { "earliest_year": 1990, "latest_year": 1990, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1990-03-16", "iso_date": "1990-03-16" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1009" ], "scope": "Cruzado novo was renamed cruzeiro at par. This face-unit statement does not describe the separate restrictions on financial balances.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0236" ], "track": "FTM000149", "currency_id": "FTM000148", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0422", "R0425" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1004", "C1005", "C1006", "C1007", "C1009" ], "source_ids": [ "S478" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000148", "label": "Brazilian cruzado / cruzeiro — 1986–1994 continuity", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000151" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1004", "C1005", "C1006", "C1007", "C1009" ], "source_ids": [ "S478" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0425" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000151", "label": "Brazilian real", "aliases": [ "Brazilian real" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0425" ], "claim_ids": [ "C534", "C1007" ], "source_ids": [ "S268", "S478" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BRL", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000151" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000148", "label": "Brazilian cruzado / cruzeiro — 1986–1994 continuity", "relationship_id": "R0425", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1994, "latest_year": 1994, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1994-07-01", "iso_date": "1994-07-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1007" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0425", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000151", "label": "Brazilian real", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "BRL" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C534", "C1007" ], "source_ids": [ "S268", "S478" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000152", "label": "Portuguese escudo", "aliases": [ "Portuguese escudo", "Portuguese Guinea escudo" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0168", "R0428", "R-V25-005", "R-V25-006", "R-V27-002", "R-V27-031" ], "claim_ids": [ "C682", "C683", "C1011", "C1250", "C1251", "C1508", "C1573", "C1583", "C1584", "C1660", "C1689", "C1442", "C1460" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S480", "S652", "S541", "S721", "S834", "S653" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000152", "label": "Portuguese escudo", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000156", "FTM000159", "FTM000162", "FTM000263", "FTM000266", "FTM000268", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C682", "C683", "C1011", "C1250", "C1251", "C1508", "C1573", "C1583", "C1584", "C1660", "C1689", "C1442", "C1460" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S480", "S652", "S541", "S721", "S834", "S653" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0168", "R-V25-005", "R-V25-006", "R-V27-002", "R-V27-031" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1508-FTM000152-1976", "scope": "Guineaterritorialuse: publicandprivatelegalaccounts adoptmetropolitanescudosystem from1914; locallycalledGuineanescudo before1976peso replacement. Territorialissuer andbanknotedesigns retainedasprofileevidence.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1976, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914–1976" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1508" ], "source_ids": [ "S652", "S721", "S834" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1442-CUR-V27-GUINEA-ESCUDO-1975", "scope": "TerritorialGuineanescudo preceded1976peso reform.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1975, "latest_year": 1975, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1975" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1442" ], "source_ids": [ "S721" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1460-CUR-V27-GUINEA-ESCUDO-1914", "scope": "Guinea includedin1913law public/privateaccount adoption ofmetropolitanescudoreckoning; separate regionalidentity boundary notthereby fixed.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1914, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1460" ], "source_ids": [ "S652" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Guineaterritorialuse: publicandprivatelegalaccounts adoptmetropolitanescudosystem from1914; locallycalledGuineanescudo before1976peso replacement. Territorialissuer andbanknotedesigns retainedasprofileevidence.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Portuguese Guinea public accounts and private legal documents expressly adopted metropolitan escudo reckoning under1913law effective1January1914. This supplies the inherited account system; exact independent regionalunit boundary remains unresolved.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1913law mandates metropolitan-system publicaccounts from1914 and equivalents in private documents; territorialescudo adoption is explicit. Account adoption firm; law alone doesnot prove newlydistinct regionalunit. Preserve profilepending independentboundary evidence.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1913law mandates metropolitan-system publicaccounts from1914 and equivalents in private documents; territorialescudo adoption is explicit. Account adoption firm; law alone doesnot prove newlydistinct regionalunit. Preserve profilepending independentboundary evidence.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "TerritorialGuineanescudo preceded1976peso reform.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Guinea includedin1913law public/privateaccount adoption ofmetropolitanescudoreckoning; separate regionalidentity boundary notthereby fixed.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000153", "label": "Cape Verdean escudo", "aliases": [ "Cape Verdean escudo" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000757", "label": "Cabo Verde Escudo — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C584" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH22-C1160", "label": "National notes replace BNU issues", "date": { "earliest_year": 1977, "latest_year": 1977, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1977" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1160" ], "source_ids": [ "S531" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1191-1865", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1865, "latest_year": 1865, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1865" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1191" ], "source_ids": [ "S565" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1191-1914", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1914, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1191" ], "source_ids": [ "S565" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1295-1914", "label": "Cabo Verde receives an independent statutory account-conversion anchor for 1914; retain existing older Cape Verde ancestry and do not invent another 1914 currency. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1914, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1295" ], "source_ids": [ "S652" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-008" ], "claim_ids": [ "C584", "C1160", "C1168", "C1191", "C1295" ], "source_ids": [ "S317", "S531", "S565", "S652" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Cabo Verde’s national escudo notes replaced Banco Nacional Ultramarino notes in 1977. This documents an issuer/issue transition; a distinct colonial-to-national account-unit boundary has not been established.", "report_url": "/revision-22/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Cabo Verde had locally differentiated real issues by 1865 and escudo accounting from 1914. This is a qualified extension of the existing identity; the 1977 issuer change does not create another currency.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Cabo Verde had locally differentiated real issues by 1865 and escudo accounting from 1914. This is a qualified extension of the existing identity; the 1977 issuer change does not create another currency.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Cabo Verde receives an independent statutory account-conversion anchor for 1914; retain existing older Cape Verde ancestry and do not invent another 1914 currency. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" } ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "CVE", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000153" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000053", "label": "Portuguese real", "relationship_id": "R-V23-008", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1853, "latest_year": 1865, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1853–1865" }, "status": "qualified", "claim_ids": [ "C1168" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-008", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1295-FTM000153-1914", "scope": "Cabo Verde receives an independent statutory account-conversion anchor for 1914; retain existing older Cape Verde ancestry and do not invent another 1914 currency. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1914, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1295" ], "source_ids": [ "S652" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000153", "label": "Cape Verdean escudo", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "CVE" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C584", "C1160", "C1168", "C1191", "C1295" ], "source_ids": [ "S317", "S531", "S565", "S652" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000156", "label": "Angolan kwanza", "aliases": [ "Angolan kwanza" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000743", "label": "Kwanza — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C569" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-022" ], "claim_ids": [ "C569", "C1124" ], "source_ids": [ "S303", "S98" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "AOA", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000156" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000154", "label": "Angolan escudo", "relationship_id": "R-V22-022", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1977, "latest_year": 1977, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1977" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1124" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. The1953Organic Law supplies an earlier statutory escudo anchor. Exact implementation and earlier angolar/escudo identity continuity remain unresolved; no cash-issue date is substituted.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-022", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000156", "label": "Angolan kwanza", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "AOA" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C569", "C1124" ], "source_ids": [ "S303", "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000159", "label": "Mozambican metical", "aliases": [ "Mozambican metical" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000735", "label": "Mozambique Metical — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C561" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-021" ], "claim_ids": [ "C561", "C1123" ], "source_ids": [ "S295", "S532" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MZN", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000159" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000157", "label": "Mozambican escudo", "relationship_id": "R-V22-021", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1980, "latest_year": 1980, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1980" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1123" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-021", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000159", "label": "Mozambican metical", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "MZN" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C561", "C1123" ], "source_ids": [ "S295", "S532" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000162", "label": "São Tomé dobra", "aliases": [ "São Tomé dobra" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000736", "label": "Dobra — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C562" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-038" ], "claim_ids": [ "C562", "C1140" ], "source_ids": [ "S296", "S542" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "STN", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000162" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000160", "label": "São Tomé escudo", "relationship_id": "R-V22-038", "kind": "statutory_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1976, "latest_year": 1977, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1976–1977" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1140" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-038", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000162", "label": "São Tomé dobra", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "STN" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C562", "C1140" ], "source_ids": [ "S296", "S542" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000166", "label": "Spanish peseta", "aliases": [ "Spanish peseta" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000790", "label": "Spanish peseta", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C668", "C669" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0161", "R-V27-053", "R-V28-004", "CTX-V31-016" ], "claim_ids": [ "C668", "C669", "C1711", "C1780", "C1781", "C1801", "C1946" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S879", "S880", "S932", "S933", "S1001" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000166", "label": "Spanish peseta", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000264", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C668", "C669", "C1711", "C1780", "C1781", "C1801", "C1946" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S879", "S880", "S932", "S933", "S1001" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0161", "R-V27-053" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS28-C1780-FTM000166-1868", "scope": "The19 October decree legally establishes the peseta as principal monetary unit.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1868, "latest_year": 1868, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1868" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1780" ], "source_ids": [ "S932" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1781-FTM000166-1870", "scope": "Public offices must express operations in pesetas from1 July1870,including amounts originally documented in earlier units.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1870, "latest_year": 1870, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1870" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1781" ], "source_ids": [ "S933" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The19 October decree legally establishes the peseta as principal monetary unit.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Public offices must express operations in pesetas from1 July1870,including amounts originally documented in earlier units.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Account-reckoning transmission", "text": "The 1878 surviving rent is stated both in libra and peseta terms; retain as contractual equivalence unless further evidence establishes actual general account replacement.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000171", "label": "Haitian gourde", "aliases": [ "Haitian gourde" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000745", "label": "Gourde — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C571" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH24-C1220-1811", "label": "Earlier gourde valuation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1811, "latest_year": 1811, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1811" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1220" ], "source_ids": [ "S593" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH24-C1221-1813", "label": "Gourde public accounts", "date": { "earliest_year": 1813, "latest_year": 1813, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1813" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1221" ], "source_ids": [ "S593" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V24-005" ], "claim_ids": [ "C571", "C1209", "C1220", "C1221", "C1231", "C1232", "C1233" ], "source_ids": [ "S305", "S592", "S593" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "HTG", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000171" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000476", "label": "Spanish real / peso de a ocho", "relationship_id": "R-V24-005", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1808, "latest_year": 1813, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1808–1813" }, "status": "qualified", "claim_ids": [ "C1209" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V24-005", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS24-C1220-FTM000171-1811", "scope": "The 27 June 1811 law retained the existing piastre-gourde valuation while prescribing local alteration of circulating pieces. Association with the national gourde is a qualified continuity observation, not a currency birth from piercing coins.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1811, "latest_year": 1811, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1811" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1220" ], "source_ids": [ "S593" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_transition", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS24-C1221-FTM000171-1813", "scope": "The 6 July 1813 finance circular assessed export duties in gourdes and centimes, documenting national public accounting.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1813, "latest_year": 1813, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1813" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1221" ], "source_ids": [ "S593" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_transition", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 27 June 1811 law retained the existing piastre-gourde valuation while prescribing local alteration of circulating pieces. Association with the national gourde is a qualified continuity observation, not a currency birth from piercing coins.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 6 July 1813 finance circular assessed export duties in gourdes and centimes, documenting national public accounting.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The 4 May 1808 law rated the Spanish gourde in local livres and escalins; the valuation change was repealed on 26 July. Concurrent reckoning does not establish an exclusive livre-to-gourde replacement.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The 8 May 1813 coin law denominated national pieces as fractions of the Spanish gourde and required commercial acceptance as Spanish money. Later orders addressed equal pricing and exchange of pierced pieces at the treasury.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Act 348 authorized treasury paper for a coin withdrawal. Its 120,000-gourde authorization is distinct from the compilation’s editorial report of 300,000 gourdes issued; neither figure establishes an account-unit founding date.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000171", "label": "Haitian gourde", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "HTG" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C571", "C1209", "C1220", "C1221", "C1231", "C1232", "C1233" ], "source_ids": [ "S305", "S592", "S593" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000175", "label": "French franc — 1795 to euro conversion", "aliases": [ "French franc — 1795 to euro conversion" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000543", "label": "Revolutionary franc, 1795 reform", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C212", "C219", "C220" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000792", "label": "French franc (euro-conversion scale)", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C672", "C673" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0200", "track": "FTM000175", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1960, "latest_year": 1960, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1960-01-01", "iso_date": "1960-01-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C737" ], "scope": "The new franc replaces 100 old francs. ", "valuation_ids": [ "V0118" ], "currency_id": "FTM000175", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000816", "label": "Latin Monetary Union coinage standard", "record_types": [ "monetary_standard" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C783", "C784", "C785", "C793", "C982" ], "source_ids": [ "S398", "S409", "S466" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000536", "label": "Assignats", "record_types": [ "instrument" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C210", "C211", "C212", "C213", "C214", "C217", "C741" ], "source_ids": [ "S12", "S13", "S391" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000818", "label": "French overseas territorial francs before 1945", "record_types": [ "regional_context" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C742", "C743", "C744" ], "source_ids": [ "S383", "S396" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0072", "R0163", "R0396", "R0398", "R-V25-009", "R-V25-010", "R-V27-055", "R-V28-002", "R0399", "R0239", "R0240" ], "claim_ids": [ "C672", "C673", "C212", "C219", "C220", "C732", "C733", "C734", "C735", "C736", "C737", "C738", "C740", "C742", "C745", "C746", "C748", "C749", "C752", "C753", "C773", "C774", "C778", "C781", "C782", "C783", "C977", "C978", "C980", "C981", "C982", "C1585", "C1586", "C1588", "C1652", "C1653", "C1657", "C1658", "C1713", "C1766", "C1773", "C1797", "C1799", "C1959" ], "source_ids": [ "S12", "S114", "S117", "S125", "S267", "S315", "S347", "S348", "S373", "S374", "S375", "S376", "S377", "S378", "S380", "S382", "S383", "S388", "S394", "S396", "S398", "S401", "S406", "S463", "S464", "S465", "S466", "S888", "S890", "S655", "S657", "S889", "S916", "S922", "S938", "S917" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000175", "label": "French franc — 1795 to euro conversion", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000263", "FTM000264", "FTM000266", "FTM000268", "FTM000271", "FTM000272", "FTM000273", "FTM000275", "FTM000283", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C672", "C673", "C212", "C219", "C220", "C732", "C733", "C734", "C735", "C736", "C737", "C738", "C740", "C742", "C745", "C746", "C748", "C749", "C752", "C753", "C773", "C774", "C778", "C781", "C782", "C783", "C977", "C978", "C980", "C981", "C982", "C1585", "C1586", "C1588", "C1652", "C1653", "C1657", "C1658", "C1713", "C1766", "C1773", "C1797", "C1799" ], "source_ids": [ "S12", "S114", "S117", "S125", "S267", "S315", "S347", "S348", "S373", "S374", "S375", "S376", "S377", "S378", "S380", "S382", "S383", "S388", "S394", "S396", "S398", "S401", "S406", "S463", "S464", "S465", "S466", "S888", "S890", "S655", "S657", "S889", "S916", "S922", "S938", "S917" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0163", "R0396", "R0398", "R-V25-009", "R-V25-010", "R-V27-055", "R-V28-002" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The western territorial CFA lineage branches from metropolitan-franc reckoning in1945 and continues through later union institutions. ", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The central territorial CFA lineage branches from metropolitan-franc reckoning in1945 and continues through later union institutions. ", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Frenchfranc was adopted as Tunisia’s monetaryreference in1891,while the actual localreplacement was Tunisianpiastre→Tunisianfranc. KeepFrenchconnection as context for account-system adoption,not a second replacementparent. The localpiastreparent supplies directsuccession; Frenchmodeladoption alone doesnot prove a separateflow ofFrench-unit debts intoTunisianunit. Excludefromancestryreachmetrics.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The federal Swiss franc adopts the French silver-franc standard. Standard relationship, not French currency replacement in Switzerland. The retained evidence establishes a metal or valuation standard, not succession of the principal unit of account. Keep it as profile context; exclude it from ancestry traversal.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Belgium legislates the French decimal silver-franc standard. Law date; does not assert a blanket 1:1 exchange of every preceding local unit. The retained evidence establishes a metal or valuation standard, not succession of the principal unit of account. Keep it as profile context; exclude it from ancestry traversal.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Retire the umbrella currency endpoint; distribute its actual territorial ancestry below. The grouping is not demonstrated to be one account unit. Preserve evidence as noncurrency context.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The territorial Malagasy franc separated from metropolitan-franc reckoning in the1945 regional reform. ", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The Bulgarian decree of11July1879 denominated its national monetary tariff in French francs; this was a local public-account use before creation of the lev.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "French-administered Algerian fiscal assessments were expressed in francs by1845; the historical study also reproduces1846–49public receipts in francs from official colonial returns.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Livre-to-franc succession is supported with transitional treatment:1799 law preserves old obligations in livre value while providing their settlement under franc reckoning;contemporary courts enforce the distinction. Actual obligation treatment strengthens naming reform. Broaden date to1795–1799 instead of asserting all accounting changed7 April1795.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS28-C1766-FTM000175-1879", "scope": "The Bulgarian decree of11July1879 denominated its national monetary tariff in French francs; this was a local public-account use before creation of the lev.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1879, "latest_year": 1879, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1879" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1766" ], "source_ids": [ "S916" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1773-FTM000175-1845", "scope": "French-administered Algerian fiscal assessments were expressed in francs by1845; the historical study also reproduces1846–49public receipts in francs from official colonial returns.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1845, "latest_year": 1845, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1845" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1773" ], "source_ids": [ "S922" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "adopted_basis_relationship_ids": [ "R0399" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000178", "label": "Papua New Guinean kina", "aliases": [ "Papua New Guinean kina" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0367" ], "claim_ids": [ "C504", "C946" ], "source_ids": [ "S239" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "PGK", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000178" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000507", "label": "Australian dollar", "relationship_id": "R0367", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1975, "latest_year": 1975, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1975-04-19", "iso_date": "1975-04-19" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C946" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0367", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000178", "label": "Papua New Guinean kina", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "PGK" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C504", "C946" ], "source_ids": [ "S239" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000187", "label": "Tongan pound", "aliases": [ "Tongan pound" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0361", "R0362" ], "claim_ids": [ "C939", "C940", "C941", "C1503", "C1637" ], "source_ids": [ "S240", "S772" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000187", "label": "Tongan pound", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000188" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C939", "C940", "C941", "C1503", "C1637" ], "source_ids": [ "S240", "S772" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0362" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1503-FTM000187-1936", "scope": "Tongan monetary authority administers local pound with Australian-pound exchange anchor.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1935, "latest_year": 1936, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1935–1936" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1503" ], "source_ids": [ "S772", "S240" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Tongan monetary authority administers local pound with Australian-pound exchange anchor.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Tongan local pound branched from the earlier sterling reckoning,with a separate legally administered exchange regime established in1935–1936. Original statutory research and official monetary history distinguish Tongan obligations from both sterling and Australian currency. Australian pound is the selected anchor, not demonstrated adopted predecessor.1919/1921notes remain prior sterling-issue context; Little speculation about1929not admitted.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000188", "label": "Tongan paʻanga", "aliases": [ "Tongan paʻanga" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0362" ], "claim_ids": [ "C505", "C940" ], "source_ids": [ "S240" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "TOP", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000188" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000187", "label": "Tongan pound", "relationship_id": "R0362", "kind": "decimal_currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1967, "latest_year": 1967, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1967-04-03", "iso_date": "1967-04-03" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C940" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0362", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000188", "label": "Tongan paʻanga", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "TOP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C505", "C940" ], "source_ids": [ "S240" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000190", "label": "Samoan tālā", "aliases": [ "Samoan tālā" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0364" ], "claim_ids": [ "C596", "C943", "C1649" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S329", "S825", "S826" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "WST", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000190" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000510", "label": "New Zealand pound", "relationship_id": "R0364", "kind": "decimal_currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1967, "latest_year": 1967, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1967" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C943", "C1649" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0364", "role": "replacement" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000190", "label": "Samoan tālā", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "WST" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C596", "C943", "C1649" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S329", "S825", "S826" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "In Samoa,the New Zealand-pound account unit,locally called Western Samoan pound,was converted to tala at2tala per pound on10July1967. Redirect existing replacement after merger; preserve original local scope and10July1967date. Do not turn into universal replacement ofNZpound everywhere.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000191", "label": "South African pound", "aliases": [ "South African pound" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0369", "R0368" ], "claim_ids": [ "C947", "C948", "C1486", "C1587" ], "source_ids": [ "S244", "S452", "S798", "S797" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000191", "label": "South African pound", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000193", "FTM000194", "FTM000195", "T-FTM000528", "T-FTM000529" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C947", "C948", "C1486", "C1587" ], "source_ids": [ "S244", "S452", "S798", "S797" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0369" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1486-FTM000191-1925", "scope": "Commissionreport independentlyidentifies SouthAfricanpound as distinctunit thathadalreadyexisted forseveralyears; firstcentralbanknoteissue isnot itsfoundingcriterion.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1925, "latest_year": 1925, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1925" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1486" ], "source_ids": [ "S798" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Commissionreport independentlyidentifies SouthAfricanpound as distinctunit thathadalreadyexisted forseveralyears; firstcentralbanknoteissue isnot itsfoundingcriterion.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "SouthAfricanlocal pound reckoning developed from Britishsterling account andredemption practices into a separatelyidentified monetaryunit duringthe wartime/postwar transition; byJanuary1925commissioners explicitly distinguishedtheSouthAfricanunit fromsterling. Contemporaryaccount andcontract-redemption history plusoriginalcommissionexplicit unitdistinction supportsancestry. Rangeisresearchenvelope,notexactbirth;1922firstnotes are notcreationproof.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000193", "label": "Swazi lilangeni", "aliases": [ "Swazi lilangeni" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0371" ], "claim_ids": [ "C508", "C950" ], "source_ids": [ "S243" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SZL", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000193" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000529", "label": "South African rand — origin and Namibia context", "relationship_id": "R0371", "kind": "local_issue_succeeds_imported_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1974, "latest_year": 1974, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1974-09-06", "iso_date": "1974-09-06" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C950" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0371", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000193", "label": "Swazi lilangeni", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "SZL" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C508", "C950" ], "source_ids": [ "S243" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000194", "label": "Botswana pula", "aliases": [ "Botswana pula" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0370" ], "claim_ids": [ "C498", "C949" ], "source_ids": [ "S233" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BWP", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000194" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000529", "label": "South African rand — origin and Namibia context", "relationship_id": "R0370", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1976, "latest_year": 1976, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1976-08-23", "iso_date": "1976-08-23" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C949" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0370", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000194", "label": "Botswana pula", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "BWP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C498", "C949" ], "source_ids": [ "S233" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000195", "label": "Lesotho loti", "aliases": [ "Lesotho loti" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0372" ], "claim_ids": [ "C592", "C951" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S325" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "LSL", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000195" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000529", "label": "South African rand — origin and Namibia context", "relationship_id": "R0372", "kind": "local_issue_succeeds_imported_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1980, "latest_year": 1980, "precision": "month", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1980-01", "iso_date": "1980-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C951" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0372", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000195", "label": "Lesotho loti", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "LSL" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C592", "C951" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S325" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000198", "label": "Southern Rhodesian / Central African pound — including federal currency", "aliases": [ "Rhodesia and Nyasaland federal pound", "Southern Rhodesian / Central African pound — including federal currency" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000784", "label": "Rhodesia and Nyasaland federal pound", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C626", "C632", "C633", "C634", "C635", "C636" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "FTM000197", "label": "Southern Rhodesia and Central Africa currency boards — institutional context", "record_types": [ "research_subject" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C630", "C631", "C632" ], "source_ids": [ "S341" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V25-007", "R-V25-008", "R-V27-052" ], "claim_ids": [ "C626", "C632", "C633", "C634", "C635", "C636", "C1252", "C1253", "C1338", "C1463", "C1537", "C1538", "C1539", "C1577", "C1578", "C1710", "C1719" ], "source_ids": [ "S340", "S341", "S342", "S194", "S541", "S709", "S189" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Nyasaland and Northern/Southern Rhodesia were using the British pound account system in 1933. A qualified direct regional-continuity bridge to the 1950 sfederal pound is plausible, but the 1933 survey alone does not document the 1955 transfer of all accounts. Preserve this candidate instead of treating 1932 regional coinage as a separate unit. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Section66continues federalonepoundunit beyond politicaldissolution andsets1965legal-tenderendingwindow. Bankbirth1956not unitbirth automatically.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Contemporary official reporting identifies Southern Rhodesia's monetary unit as the pound of 20 shillings and 240 pence within the British monetary system.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The Southern Rhodesia Currency Board was established in 1939 and issued notes from March 1940, with extension to Nyasaland and Northern Rhodesia during 1940. This dates regional monetary administration and instruments, not a fresh account denomination.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The Southern Rhodesia board became the Central African Currency Board in 1954; the federal bank succeeded it in 1956 while inherited currency continued. These are institutional stages of the continuity profile.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Federal pound survived1963dissolution;1964–1965nationalcurrency transition divided federal monetary assets/liabilities as oldmoney withdrawn. Original law and contemporary UN territorialreplacement history support regional succession,not exact independence-daybirth. Supported relationship from explicit contemporary monetary succession; range and missing universal ratio remain scoped limitations, not a doubtful existence claim.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Federal pound survived1963dissolution;1964–1965nationalcurrency transition divided federal monetary assets/liabilities as oldmoney withdrawn. Original law and contemporary UN territorialreplacement history support regional succession,not exact independence-daybirth. Supported relationship from explicit contemporary monetary succession; range and missing universal ratio remain scoped limitations, not a doubtful existence claim.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Retain one account-unit continuity profile through Southern Rhodesian, Central African and federal administration. The changes in 1954 and 1956 replace monetary authorities while preserving the inherited pound reckoning and continuing earlier money; a federal issuer does not require a new currency identity. Include the documented pre-federal account history rather than inserting an issuer-only predecessor node.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000198", "label": "Southern Rhodesian / Central African pound — including federal currency", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000200", "FTM000203" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C626", "C632", "C633", "C634", "C635", "C636", "C1252", "C1253", "C1338", "C1463", "C1537", "C1538", "C1539", "C1577", "C1578", "C1710", "C1719" ], "source_ids": [ "S340", "S341", "S342", "S194", "S541", "S709", "S189" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V25-007", "R-V25-008" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1463-FTM000198-1965", "scope": "Section66continues federalonepoundunit beyond politicaldissolution andsets1965legal-tenderendingwindow. Bankbirth1956not unitbirth automatically.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1963, "latest_year": 1965, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1963–1965" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1463" ], "source_ids": [ "S342" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1537-FTM000198-1933", "scope": "Contemporary official reporting identifies Southern Rhodesia's monetary unit as the pound of 20 shillings and 240 pence within the British monetary system.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1537" ], "source_ids": [ "S709" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1538-FTM000198-1940", "scope": "The Southern Rhodesia Currency Board was established in 1939 and issued notes from March 1940, with extension to Nyasaland and Northern Rhodesia during 1940. This dates regional monetary administration and instruments, not a fresh account denomination.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1939, "latest_year": 1940, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1939–1940" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1538" ], "source_ids": [ "S189" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1539-FTM000198-1956", "scope": "The Southern Rhodesia board became the Central African Currency Board in 1954; the federal bank succeeded it in 1956 while inherited currency continued. These are institutional stages of the continuity profile.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1954, "latest_year": 1956, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1954–1956" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1539" ], "source_ids": [ "S189" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000199", "label": "Malawi pound", "aliases": [ "Malawi pound" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000777", "label": "Malawi pound", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C621", "C622", "C623", "C625" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0155", "R-V25-007" ], "claim_ids": [ "C621", "C622", "C623", "C625", "C1252", "C1577" ], "source_ids": [ "S339", "S194", "S342" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000199", "label": "Malawi pound", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000200" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C621", "C622", "C623", "C625", "C1252", "C1577" ], "source_ids": [ "S339", "S194", "S342" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0155" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Federal pound survived1963dissolution;1964–1965nationalcurrency transition divided federal monetary assets/liabilities as oldmoney withdrawn. Original law and contemporary UN territorialreplacement history support regional succession,not exact independence-daybirth. Supported relationship from explicit contemporary monetary succession; range and missing universal ratio remain scoped limitations, not a doubtful existence claim.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000200", "label": "Malawi kwacha", "aliases": [ "Malawi kwacha" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000734", "label": "Malawi Kwacha — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C560" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000778", "label": "Malawi kwacha", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C621", "C622", "C623", "C624", "C625" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0155" ], "claim_ids": [ "C560", "C621", "C622", "C623", "C624", "C625" ], "source_ids": [ "S294", "S339" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MWK", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000200" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000199", "label": "Malawi pound", "relationship_id": "R0155", "kind": "decimal_currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1971, "latest_year": 1971, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "15 February 1971, Part III commencement in consolidation" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C621", "C622", "C623" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0155", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000200", "label": "Malawi kwacha", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "MWK" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C560", "C621", "C622", "C623", "C624", "C625" ], "source_ids": [ "S294", "S339" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000201", "label": "Zambian pound", "aliases": [ "Zambian pound" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000779", "label": "Zambian pound", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C626", "C627", "C638" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0156", "R-V25-008" ], "claim_ids": [ "C626", "C627", "C638", "C1253", "C1578" ], "source_ids": [ "S340", "S343", "S194", "S342" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000201", "label": "Zambian pound", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000203" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C626", "C627", "C638", "C1253", "C1578" ], "source_ids": [ "S340", "S343", "S194", "S342" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0156" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Federal pound survived1963dissolution;1964–1965nationalcurrency transition divided federal monetary assets/liabilities as oldmoney withdrawn. Original law and contemporary UN territorialreplacement history support regional succession,not exact independence-daybirth. Supported relationship from explicit contemporary monetary succession; range and missing universal ratio remain scoped limitations, not a doubtful existence claim.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000203", "label": "Zambian kwacha", "aliases": [ "Zambian kwacha — continuity across rebasing" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000752", "label": "Zambian Kwacha — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C578" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000780", "label": "Zambian kwacha — continuity across rebasing", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C627", "C628", "C629", "C637", "C638" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0157", "track": "FTM000203", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 2013, "latest_year": 2013, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1 January 2013" }, "claim_ids": [ "C628", "C629" ], "scope": "One 2013-scale unit equals 1,000 original-scale units.", "currency_id": "FTM000203", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0156" ], "claim_ids": [ "C578", "C627", "C628", "C629", "C637", "C638" ], "source_ids": [ "S312", "S340", "S343" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "ZMW", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000203" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000201", "label": "Zambian pound", "relationship_id": "R0156", "kind": "decimal_currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1968, "latest_year": 1968, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "16 January 1968, institutional metadata" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C627" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0156", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000203", "label": "Zambian kwacha", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "ZMW" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C578", "C627", "C628", "C629", "C637", "C638" ], "source_ids": [ "S312", "S340", "S343" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000219", "label": "Cayman Islands dollar", "aliases": [ "Cayman Islands dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0366" ], "claim_ids": [ "C530", "C945" ], "source_ids": [ "S265" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "KYD", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000219" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000517", "label": "Jamaican dollar", "relationship_id": "R0366", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1972, "latest_year": 1972, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1972-05-01", "iso_date": "1972-05-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C945" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0366", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000219", "label": "Cayman Islands dollar", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "KYD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C530", "C945" ], "source_ids": [ "S265" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000223", "label": "Falkland Islands pound", "aliases": [ "Falkland Islands pound" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0407" ], "claim_ids": [ "C550", "C989", "C1504", "C1553", "C1596" ], "source_ids": [ "S284", "S469", "S893" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "FKP", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000223" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000497", "label": "Pound sterling", "relationship_id": "R0407", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1987, "latest_year": 1990, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1987–1990" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C989", "C1596" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0407", "role": "regional_branch" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000223", "label": "Falkland Islands pound", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "FKP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C550", "C989", "C1504", "C1553", "C1596" ], "source_ids": [ "S284", "S469", "S893" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1504-FTM000223-1990", "scope": "Currency Ordinance defines local pound and independently denominates local contracts/liabilities despite sterling parity.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1987, "latest_year": 1990, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1987–1990" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1504" ], "source_ids": [ "S893" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Currency Ordinance defines local pound and independently denominates local contracts/liabilities despite sterling parity.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Statute defines Falkland pound and all local monetary contracts/liabilities in that currency. Distinct unit despite sterling parity;1899 note issue does not prove independent identity then.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Currency Ordinance defines the Falkland Islands pound and substitutes that local currency into sterling-denominated local obligations and enactments. This establishes the sterling relationship; the earlier independent-unit boundary is not dated by the 1899 note issue. Sections 3–4 and 8 establish the unit and inherited obligation framework; 1987–1990 is the inspected legal attestation, not a claim that no local distinction existed earlier.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Statute defines Falkland pound and all local monetary contracts/liabilities in that currency. Distinct unit despite sterling parity;1899 note issue does not prove independent identity then.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000225", "label": "Saint Helena pound", "aliases": [ "Saint Helena pound" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000773", "label": "Saint Helena Pound — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C600" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-048" ], "claim_ids": [ "C600", "C1150", "C1552", "C1642" ], "source_ids": [ "S332", "S98", "S775" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SHP", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000225" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000497", "label": "Pound sterling", "relationship_id": "R-V22-048", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1975, "latest_year": 1976, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1975–1976" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1150", "C1642" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-048", "role": "regional_branch" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000225", "label": "Saint Helena pound", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "SHP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C600", "C1150", "C1552", "C1642" ], "source_ids": [ "S332", "S98", "S775" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Local monetary unit and local obligations are explicitly denominated independently of sterling. Statutory parity and UK-note co-circulation do not erase this boundary.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "CurrencyOrdinance§8 converted covered UKcurrency obligations and statutory references to equivalent local StHelenacurrency, with overseas-payment exception. Direct account substitution establishes scoped branch even at parity; multiple commencement dates require care.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Local monetary unit and local obligations are explicitly denominated independently of sterling. Statutory parity and UK-note co-circulation do not erase this boundary.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000229", "label": "Israeli new shekel", "aliases": [ "Israeli new shekel" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000676", "label": "New Israeli Sheqel — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C502" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-012" ], "claim_ids": [ "C502", "C1114" ], "source_ids": [ "S237", "S536" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "ILS", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000229" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000227", "label": "Israeli pound", "relationship_id": "R-V22-012", "kind": "statutory_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1980, "latest_year": 1980, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1980" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1114" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-012", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000229", "label": "Israeli new shekel", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "ILS" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C502", "C1114" ], "source_ids": [ "S237", "S536" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000230", "label": "Jordanian dinar", "aliases": [ "Jordanian dinar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000677", "label": "Jordanian Dinar — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C503" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-011" ], "claim_ids": [ "C503", "C1113" ], "source_ids": [ "S238" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "JOD", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000230" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000226", "label": "Palestine pound", "relationship_id": "R-V22-011", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1950, "latest_year": 1950, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1950" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1113" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-011", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000230", "label": "Jordanian dinar", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "JOD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C503", "C1113" ], "source_ids": [ "S238" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000232", "label": "Libyan dinar", "aliases": [ "Libyan dinar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000695", "label": "Libyan Dinar — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C521" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-032", "R-V27-012", "R-V27-013" ], "claim_ids": [ "C521", "C1134", "C1623", "C1670", "C1671" ], "source_ids": [ "S256", "S98", "S764", "S765" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "LYD", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000232" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000375", "label": "Egyptian pound", "relationship_id": "R-V22-032", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1952, "latest_year": 1952, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1952" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1134", "C1623" ] }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-LIBYA-MAL", "label": "Tripolitanian Military Authority lira", "relationship_id": "R-V27-012", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1952, "latest_year": 1952, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1952" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1670" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000276", "label": "Algerian franc", "relationship_id": "R-V27-013", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1952, "latest_year": 1952, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1952" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1671" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-032", "role": "regional_branch" }, { "relationship_id": "R-V27-012", "role": "regional_branch" }, { "relationship_id": "R-V27-013", "role": "regional_branch" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000232", "label": "Libyan dinar", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "LYD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C521", "C1134", "C1623", "C1670", "C1671" ], "source_ids": [ "S256", "S98", "S764", "S765" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Libya’s Currency Law expressly converts existing Cyrenaican Egyptian-pound obligations into Libyan pounds; the 11 March 1952 announcement supplies 97.5 Egyptian piastres per Libyan pound. Regional limitation remains: this is the Cyrenaica predecessor, with separate Tripolitania and Fezzan parents.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000233", "label": "East African shilling", "aliases": [ "East African shilling" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0149", "R0150", "R0153", "R0409", "R-V22-041", "R-V22-044", "R-V27-016", "R-V37-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C466", "C467", "C468", "C469", "C472", "C474", "C475", "C476", "C612", "C613", "C614", "C615", "C616", "C617", "C618", "C619", "C620", "C640", "C641", "C991", "C1143", "C1146", "C1640", "C1674", "C2074" ], "source_ids": [ "S211", "S213", "S214", "S215", "S336", "S337", "S338", "S344", "S345", "S255", "S318", "S821", "S822", "S189", "S1084" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000233", "label": "East African shilling", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000234", "FTM000235", "FTM000236", "FTM000237", "FTM000238", "FTM000240", "FTM000320" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C466", "C467", "C468", "C469", "C472", "C474", "C475", "C476", "C612", "C613", "C614", "C615", "C616", "C617", "C618", "C619", "C620", "C640", "C641", "C991", "C1143", "C1146", "C1640", "C1674", "C2074" ], "source_ids": [ "S211", "S213", "S214", "S215", "S336", "S337", "S338", "S344", "S345", "S255", "S318", "S821", "S822", "S189", "S1084" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0149", "R0150", "R0409", "R-V22-041", "R-V22-044", "R-V27-016" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "East African-shilling obligations payable in the Somali Republic were converted at parity into Somali shillings in1961,with accounting records required in that unit. Explicit primary account/debt conversion resolves the ancestry, independently of later1962 note issue. Regional northern input is an absorption into an already established southern lineage. Exact conversion day remains unspecified.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Qualified account succession", "text": "The 1922 transition in Tanganyika absorbed German East African rupee circulation into the existing East African shilling system. Admit qualified regional succession; the exact all-contract conversion clause remains uninspected. This is not the founding of the shilling.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000234", "label": "Kenyan shilling", "aliases": [ "Kenyan shilling" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000654", "label": "Kenyan shilling", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C472", "C473", "C474" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0149" ], "claim_ids": [ "C472", "C473", "C474", "C618", "C619", "C620", "C641" ], "source_ids": [ "S213", "S337", "S338", "S345" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "KES", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000234" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000233", "label": "East African shilling", "relationship_id": "R0149", "kind": "national_issue_succeeds_regional_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1966, "latest_year": 1966, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1966 national transition; no shared regional termination date" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C472", "C474", "C618", "C619", "C620" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0149", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000234", "label": "Kenyan shilling", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "KES" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C472", "C473", "C474", "C618", "C619", "C620", "C641" ], "source_ids": [ "S213", "S337", "S338", "S345" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000235", "label": "Ugandan shilling", "aliases": [ "Ugandan shilling — continuity; 1987 reform scope open" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0409" ], "claim_ids": [ "C477", "C478", "C639", "C640", "C641", "C991" ], "source_ids": [ "S215", "S216", "S344", "S345" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "UGX", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000235" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000233", "label": "East African shilling", "relationship_id": "R0409", "kind": "national_issue_succeeds_regional_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1966, "latest_year": 1967, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1966–1967" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C991" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0409", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000235", "label": "Ugandan shilling", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "UGX" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C477", "C478", "C639", "C640", "C641", "C991" ], "source_ids": [ "S215", "S216", "S344", "S345" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000236", "label": "Tanzanian shilling", "aliases": [ "Tanzanian shilling" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000655", "label": "Tanzanian shilling", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C466", "C467", "C468", "C469", "C470", "C471" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0150" ], "claim_ids": [ "C466", "C467", "C468", "C469", "C470", "C471", "C641" ], "source_ids": [ "S211", "S212", "S217", "S345" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "TZS", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000236" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000233", "label": "East African shilling", "relationship_id": "R0150", "kind": "national_issue_succeeds_regional_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1966, "latest_year": 1966, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1966 national transition; no shared regional termination date" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C466", "C467", "C468" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0150", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000236", "label": "Tanzanian shilling", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "TZS" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C466", "C467", "C468", "C469", "C470", "C471", "C641" ], "source_ids": [ "S211", "S212", "S217", "S345" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000237", "label": "Ethiopian birr", "aliases": [ "Ethiopian birr" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000758", "label": "Ethiopian Birr — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C585" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-027", "R-V22-044" ], "claim_ids": [ "C585", "C1129", "C1146" ], "source_ids": [ "S318", "S98" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "ETB", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000237" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000233", "label": "East African shilling", "relationship_id": "R-V22-044", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1945, "latest_year": 1945, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1945" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1146" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-044", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000237", "label": "Ethiopian birr", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "ETB" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000238" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C585", "C1129", "C1146" ], "source_ids": [ "S318", "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-027" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000238", "label": "Eritrean nakfa", "aliases": [ "Eritrean nakfa" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000738", "label": "Nakfa — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C564" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-027" ], "claim_ids": [ "C564", "C1129" ], "source_ids": [ "S298", "S98" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "ERN", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000238" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000237", "label": "Ethiopian birr", "relationship_id": "R-V22-027", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1997, "latest_year": 1997, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1997" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1129" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-027", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000238", "label": "Eritrean nakfa", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "ERN" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C564", "C1129" ], "source_ids": [ "S298", "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000240", "label": "Somali shilling", "aliases": [ "Somali shilling" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000694", "label": "Somali Shilling — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C520" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-041" ], "claim_ids": [ "C520", "C1143", "C1501", "C1640" ], "source_ids": [ "S255", "S821", "S822" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SOS", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000240" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000233", "label": "East African shilling", "relationship_id": "R-V22-041", "kind": "territorial_currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1961, "latest_year": 1961, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1961" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1143", "C1640" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-041", "role": "absorption" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000240", "label": "Somali shilling", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "SOS" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C520", "C1143", "C1501", "C1640" ], "source_ids": [ "S255", "S821", "S822" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1501-FTM000240-1961", "scope": "Covered somalo and EAS monetary obligations payable in republic and books of account converted into Somali shillings.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1961, "latest_year": 1961, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1961" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1501" ], "source_ids": [ "S821" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Covered somalo and EAS monetary obligations payable in republic and books of account converted into Somali shillings.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "East African-shilling obligations payable in the Somali Republic were converted at parity into Somali shillings in1961,with accounting records required in that unit. Explicit primary account/debt conversion resolves the ancestry, independently of later1962 note issue. Regional northern input is an absorption into an already established southern lineage. Exact conversion day remains unspecified.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000242", "label": "Iraqi dinar", "aliases": [ "Iraqi dinar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000746", "label": "Iraqi Dinar — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C572" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-013" ], "claim_ids": [ "C572", "C1115" ], "source_ids": [ "S306", "S537" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "IQD", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000242" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000285", "label": "Indian rupee", "relationship_id": "R-V22-013", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1932, "latest_year": 1932, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1932" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1115" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. 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Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C572", "C1115" ], "source_ids": [ "S306", "S537" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000243", "label": "Kuwaiti dinar", "aliases": [ "Kuwaiti dinar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0386" ], "claim_ids": [ "C499", "C968" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S234" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "KWD", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000243" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000285", "label": "Indian rupee", "relationship_id": "R0386", "kind": "territorial_currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1961, "latest_year": 1961, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1961-04-01", "iso_date": "1961-04-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C968" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0386", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000243", "label": "Kuwaiti dinar", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "KWD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C499", "C968" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S234" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000244", "label": "Omani rial — Saidi and Omani naming stages", "aliases": [ "Omani rial — Saidi and Omani naming stages" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000959", "label": "Rial Saidi — 1970 naming stage", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C975", "C976" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0394", "kind": "currency_renaming", "date": { "earliest_year": 1972, "latest_year": 1972, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1972-11-11", "iso_date": "1972-11-11" }, "claim_ids": [ "C976" ], "scope": "The Omani rial continued the rial Saidi at equal value. A naming/issue stage on one currency line.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0222" ], "track": "FTM000244", "currency_id": "FTM000244", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0393" ], "claim_ids": [ "C538", "C975", "C976" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S272" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "OMR", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000244" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000285", "label": "Indian rupee", "relationship_id": "R0393", "kind": "territorial_currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1970, "latest_year": 1970, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1970-05-07", "iso_date": "1970-05-07" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C975" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0393", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000244", "label": "Omani rial — Saidi and Omani naming stages", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "OMR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C538", "C975", "C976" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S272" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000245", "label": "Swiss franc", "aliases": [ "Swiss franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000685", "label": "Swiss Franc — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C511" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000841", "label": "Federal Swiss franc, 1850", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C779", "C780", "C781", "C785" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000816", "label": "Latin Monetary Union coinage standard", "record_types": [ "monetary_standard" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C783", "C784", "C785", "C793", "C982" ], "source_ids": [ "S398", "S409", "S466" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000840", "label": "Swiss cantonal and other local money", "record_types": [ "regional_context" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C780" ], "source_ids": [ "S388", "S401" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-001", "R-V23-002", "R-V23-003", "R0239" ], "claim_ids": [ "C511", "C779", "C780", "C781", "C785", "C1161", "C1162", "C1163", "C1652" ], "source_ids": [ "S246", "S388", "S398", "S401", "S551" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "CHF", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000245" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "CUR-V23-ZURICH-GULDEN", "label": "Zurich gulden account unit", "relationship_id": "R-V23-001", "kind": "multiple_currency_unification", "date": { "earliest_year": 1851, "latest_year": 1852, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1851–1852" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1161" ] }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V23-EAST-SWISS-REICHSGULDEN", "label": "Eastern Swiss Reichswährung gulden (contract unit)", "relationship_id": "R-V23-002", "kind": "multiple_currency_unification", "date": { "earliest_year": 1851, "latest_year": 1852, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1851–1852" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1162" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000839", "label": "Helvetic franc, 1799", "relationship_id": "R-V23-003", "kind": "multiple_currency_unification", "date": { "earliest_year": 1851, "latest_year": 1852, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1851–1852" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1163" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-001", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R-V23-002", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R-V23-003", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000245", "label": "Swiss franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "CHF" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C511", "C779", "C780", "C781", "C785", "C1161", "C1162", "C1163", "C1652" ], "source_ids": [ "S246", "S388", "S398", "S401", "S551" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The federal Swiss franc adopts the French silver-franc standard. Standard relationship, not French currency replacement in Switzerland. The retained evidence establishes a metal or valuation standard, not succession of the principal unit of account. Keep it as profile context; exclude it from ancestry traversal.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000246", "label": "Belgian franc", "aliases": [ "Belgian franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000788", "label": "Belgian franc", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C664", "C665" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000816", "label": "Latin Monetary Union coinage standard", "record_types": [ "monetary_standard" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C783", "C784", "C785", "C793", "C982" ], "source_ids": [ "S398", "S409", "S466" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0159", "R0240", "R-V44-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C664", "C665", "C782", "C784", "C787", "C788", "C789", "C790", "C794", "C1653", "C2108" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S377", "S398", "S399", "S409", "S1103" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000246", "label": "Belgian franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C664", "C665", "C782", "C784", "C787", "C788", "C789", "C790", "C794", "C1653", "C2108" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S377", "S398", "S399", "S409", "S1103" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0159" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Belgium legislates the French decimal silver-franc standard. Law date; does not assert a blanket 1:1 exchange of every preceding local unit. The retained evidence establishes a metal or valuation standard, not succession of the principal unit of account. Keep it as profile context; exclude it from ancestry traversal.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000247", "label": "Italian lira", "aliases": [ "Italian lira", "lira nuova di Piemonte" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000794", "label": "Italian lira", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C676", "C677" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000816", "label": "Latin Monetary Union coinage standard", "record_types": [ "monetary_standard" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C783", "C784", "C785", "C793", "C982" ], "source_ids": [ "S398", "S409", "S466" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0165", "R-V27-023", "R-V28-005", "R-V28-006" ], "claim_ids": [ "C676", "C677", "C1681", "C1782", "C1783", "C1784", "C1785", "C1802", "C1803" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S815", "S935", "S936", "S934" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000247", "label": "Italian lira", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000232", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C676", "C677", "C1681", "C1782", "C1783", "C1784", "C1785", "C1802", "C1803" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S815", "S935", "S936", "S934" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0165", "R-V27-023" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS28-C1782-FTM000247-1816", "scope": "New Piedmont lira adopted as decimal account unit,distinct from the restored old20-soldi Piedmont lira.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1816, "latest_year": 1816, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1816" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1782" ], "source_ids": [ "S935" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1783-FTM000247-1826", "scope": "Royal edict26 October1826 requires new lira accounting in mainland territories.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1826, "latest_year": 1826, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1826" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1783" ], "source_ids": [ "S935" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1784-FTM000247-1861", "scope": "Piedmont lira is renamed Italian lira and extended territorially;retain one scoped continuity.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1861, "latest_year": 1861, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1861" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1784" ], "source_ids": [ "S936" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1785-FTM000247-1863", "scope": "Law788 art11 requires public accounts in Italian lire and extends mandatory denomination to private writings from1 January1863.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1862, "latest_year": 1863, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1862–1863" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1785" ], "source_ids": [ "S934" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "New Piedmont lira adopted as decimal account unit,distinct from the restored old20-soldi Piedmont lira.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Royal edict26 October1826 requires new lira accounting in mainland territories.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Piedmont lira is renamed Italian lira and extended territorially;retain one scoped continuity.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Law788 art11 requires public accounts in Italian lire and extends mandatory denomination to private writings from1 January1863.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ], "identity_scope_notes": [ { "code": "FTM000247", "action": "extend_profile_aliases", "aliases": [ "lira nuova di Piemonte" ], "reason": "Official central-bank chronology explicitly calls1861 a renaming;account evidence dates same continuing local unit to1816.", "revision": 28 } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000248", "label": "Congolese franc, pre-1967", "aliases": [ "Congolese franc, pre-1967" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000842", "label": "Congolese franc, pre-1967", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C792", "C793", "C794", "C795", "C798" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000816", "label": "Latin Monetary Union coinage standard", "record_types": [ "monetary_standard" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C783", "C784", "C785", "C793", "C982" ], "source_ids": [ "S398", "S409", "S466" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0252", "R-V25-015", "R-V26-008", "TR-V26-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C792", "C793", "C794", "C795", "C798", "C1260", "C1426", "C1431", "C1462", "C1590", "C1717", "C1771", "C1772", "C1810" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S389", "S390", "S409", "S658", "S711", "S712", "S724", "S792", "S855", "S921" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000248", "label": "Congolese franc, pre-1967", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000250", "FTM000252", "FTM000253" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C792", "C793", "C794", "C795", "C798", "C1260", "C1426", "C1431", "C1462", "C1590", "C1717", "C1771", "C1772", "C1810" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S389", "S390", "S409", "S658", "S711", "S712", "S724", "S792", "S855", "S921" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0252", "R-V25-015", "R-V26-008" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1462-FTM000248-1887", "scope": "1887Congo franc explicitly independentaccountunit; coinstandard alignment andBelgianmoney acceptance do not prove Belgianfrancancestry. Earlierlocalsuccession unresolved.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1887, "latest_year": 1887, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1887" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1462" ], "source_ids": [ "S724" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1771-FTM000248-1886", "scope": "An original study of recovered Free State budgets reports an1886projection of205,000francs from ivory sales, establishing government franc reckoning before the1887decree; the identity of that earlier franc relative to the later legally defined unit is not explicitly resolved.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1886, "latest_year": 1886, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1886" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1771" ], "source_ids": [ "S921" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1772-FTM000248-1887", "scope": "Article1of27July1887positively constitutes the Free State franc as its account unit divided into100centimes. This establishes the unit, not absence of earlier local reckoning or a Belgian-franc conversion.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1887, "latest_year": 1887, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1887" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1772" ], "source_ids": [ "S855" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "1887Congo franc explicitly independentaccountunit; coinstandard alignment andBelgianmoney acceptance do not prove Belgianfrancancestry. Earlierlocalsuccession unresolved.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Katanga separated its own franc unit from the Congolese monetary territory during1960–1962secession; the contemporary report explicitly records that unit's creation and its later return conversion. Original contemporary monetary research suffices for scoped regional succession; retain range because original founding account law not inspected. Parity alone is not the argument. This supersedes the main bundle's keep_qualified disposition.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "The1887act establishes an autonomous Congolese account franc.1908adoption of Belgian/Latin-Union payment coins did not extinguish it. This is a constitutive act, not proof that earlier local accounting or succession is absent.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "An original study of recovered Free State budgets reports an1886projection of205,000francs from ivory sales, establishing government franc reckoning before the1887decree; the identity of that earlier franc relative to the later legally defined unit is not explicitly resolved.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Article1of27July1887positively constitutes the Free State franc as its account unit divided into100centimes. This establishes the unit, not absence of earlier local reckoning or a Belgian-franc conversion.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Preserve1887defined-unit anchor, attach1886franc budget observation with explicit identity uncertainty. Do not assert a truly de novo monetary origin or Belgian-franc parent solely from parity.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000249", "label": "Zaire — 1967 and 1993 unit scales", "aliases": [ "Zaire — 1967 and 1993 unit scales" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000843", "label": "Zaire", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C795", "C796" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000844", "label": "New zaire", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C796", "C797" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0250", "track": "FTM000249", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "month", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993-10", "iso_date": "1993-10" }, "claim_ids": [ "C796" ], "scope": "New zaire replaces zaire at three million to one. Bundesbank dates introduction 22 October; BCC dates the reform 28 September. Keep both milestones without pretending their legal distinction is verified.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0147" ], "currency_id": "FTM000249", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0251", "R-V25-015" ], "claim_ids": [ "C795", "C796", "C797", "C1260", "C1348" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S389", "S390", "S658" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "1000 former Congolese francs = 1 zaire. Congolese franc principal account unit replaced by zaire principal unit in1967. Existing zaire node continues through later scale phases; no merger with franc required.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000249", "label": "Zaire — 1967 and 1993 unit scales", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000250" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C795", "C796", "C797", "C1260", "C1348" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S389", "S390", "S658" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0251" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000250", "label": "Congolese franc", "aliases": [ "Congolese franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000717", "label": "Congolese Franc — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C543" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000845", "label": "Congolese franc, 1998", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C797" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0251" ], "claim_ids": [ "C543", "C797" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S277", "S390" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "CDF", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000250" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000249", "label": "Zaire — 1967 and 1993 unit scales", "relationship_id": "R0251", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1998, "latest_year": 1998, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1998-06-30", "iso_date": "1998-06-30" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C797" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. The1967franc-to-zaire principal-unit replacement is now admitted from contemporary accounting evidence; later zaire scales remain profile history.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0251", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000250", "label": "Congolese franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "CDF" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C543", "C797" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S277", "S390" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000251", "label": "Rwanda–Burundi franc", "aliases": [ "Rwanda–Burundi franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000846", "label": "Rwanda–Burundi franc", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C798", "C799", "C800" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0252", "R0253", "R0254" ], "claim_ids": [ "C798", "C799", "C800" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S400" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000251", "label": "Rwanda–Burundi franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000252", "FTM000253" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C798", "C799", "C800" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S400" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0253", "R0254" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000252", "label": "Rwandan franc", "aliases": [ "Rwandan franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000768", "label": "Rwanda Franc — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C595" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000847", "label": "Rwandan franc", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C799" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0253" ], "claim_ids": [ "C595", "C799" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S328" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "RWF", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000252" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000251", "label": "Rwanda–Burundi franc", "relationship_id": "R0253", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1964, "latest_year": 1964, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1964-04-24", "iso_date": "1964-04-24" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C799" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0253", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000252", "label": "Rwandan franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "RWF" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C595", "C799" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S328" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000253", "label": "Burundian franc", "aliases": [ "Burundian franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000756", "label": "Burundi Franc — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C583" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000848", "label": "Burundian franc", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C800" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0254" ], "claim_ids": [ "C583", "C800" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S316", "S400" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BIF", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000253" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000251", "label": "Rwanda–Burundi franc", "relationship_id": "R0254", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1964, "latest_year": 1964, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1964-05-19", "iso_date": "1964-05-19" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C800" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0254", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000253", "label": "Burundian franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "BIF" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C583", "C800" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S316", "S400" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000254", "label": "Serbian and Kingdom Yugoslav dinar — account continuity", "aliases": [ "Serbian dinar — nineteenth-century national currency", "Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / Yugoslav dinar", "Serbian and Kingdom Yugoslav dinar — account continuity" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000935", "label": "Serbian medieval dinar coinage", "record_types": [ "coinage_family" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C914", "C915", "C917" ], "source_ids": [ "S446", "S447" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0345", "R0346", "R-V30-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C916", "C917", "C918", "C919", "C1634", "C1650", "C921", "C922", "C1557", "C1877", "C1883" ], "source_ids": [ "S445", "S446", "S447", "S788", "S300", "S983" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000254", "label": "Serbian and Kingdom Yugoslav dinar — account continuity", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000256", "FTM000258", "FTM000313", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C916", "C917", "C918", "C919", "C1634", "C1650", "C921", "C922", "C1557", "C1877", "C1883" ], "source_ids": [ "S445", "S446", "S447", "S788", "S300", "S983" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0346" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Dinar-for-dinar retained-unit extension becomes a dated profile observation. Account-unit source adjudication.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Crown accounting was absorbed into retained dinar accounting through1920–1923unification. Account-unit source adjudication.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Original research explicitly says new kingdom retained Serbian dinar as monetary unit. National extension and renamed issuing bank do not create a new unit; retain all unification and later-partition observations. This is a qualified continuity merge, not invented conversion.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Dinar-for-dinar retained-unit extension becomes a dated profile observation. Account-unit source adjudication.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The 10 December 1878 law converted tax groš to 42.1 dinar para and market groš to 19.8 para, requiring state and private books in the new system; implementation occurred in 1879.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS30-C1877-FTM000254-1879", "scope": "The 10 December 1878 law converted tax groš to 42.1 dinar para and market groš to 19.8 para, requiring state and private books in the new system; implementation occurred in 1879.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1878, "latest_year": 1879, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1878–1879", "qualification_note": "Law1878-12-10; implementation1879; source calendar not independently verified" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1877" ], "source_ids": [ "S983" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000255", "label": "Postwar Yugoslav dinar — before successor separations", "aliases": [ "Postwar Yugoslav dinar — before successor separations" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000886", "label": "Yugoslav dinar — unit circulating at the 1991 separations", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C840", "C842" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000941", "label": "Yugoslav dinar — 1945 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C923", "C924" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000942", "label": "Yugoslav dinar — 1965–1966 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C924", "C925" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0348", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1965, "latest_year": 1966, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1965–1966" }, "claim_ids": [ "C924" ], "scope": "The Yugoslav dinar was rescaled by 100 during the 1965–1966 reform. Slovenian statistical effective date: 1 January 1966. Serbian compilation: 1 August 1965. The event boundary remains qualified.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0198" ], "track": "FTM000255", "currency_id": "FTM000255", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0349", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1990, "latest_year": 1990, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1990-01-01", "iso_date": "1990-01-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C925" ], "scope": "One new Yugoslav dinar replaced 10,000 previous dinars.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0199" ], "track": "FTM000255", "currency_id": "FTM000255", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0285", "R0287", "R0347", "R0350", "R0355", "R-V27-046" ], "claim_ids": [ "C840", "C842", "C923", "C924", "C925", "C926", "C933", "C1636", "C1704" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S300", "S419", "S443", "S444", "S445", "S448", "S820", "S819", "S818", "S872" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000255", "label": "Postwar Yugoslav dinar — before successor separations", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000256", "FTM000258", "FTM000313", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C840", "C842", "C923", "C924", "C925", "C926", "C933", "C1636", "C1704" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S300", "S419", "S443", "S444", "S445", "S448", "S820", "S819", "S818", "S872" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0285", "R0287", "R0350", "R0355", "R-V27-046" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The DFJ dinar replaced Serbian occupation dinars in the 1945 monetary unification. The April rates law valued 100 occupation Serbian dinars at 5 DFJ dinars and applied conversion to wartime obligations; prewar Yugoslav obligations were treated separately. Actual replacement and obligation conversion are directly documented. The Serbian branch is one incoming currency among several, not the exclusive origin of the postwar unit. Dates remain year level to avoid imposing a universal territorial changeover day.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000256", "label": "Federal Yugoslav / Serbian dinar — successor continuity", "aliases": [ "Federal Yugoslav / Serbian dinar — successor continuity" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000740", "label": "Serbian Dinar — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C566" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000944", "label": "Federal Yugoslav dinar — July 1992 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C926", "C927" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000945", "label": "Federal Yugoslav dinar — October 1993 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C927", "C928" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000946", "label": "Federal Yugoslav dinar — January 1994 hyperinflation scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C928", "C929" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0351", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993-10-01", "iso_date": "1993-10-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C927" ], "scope": "One October dinar replaced one million July-1992-scale dinars.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0201" ], "track": "FTM000256", "currency_id": "FTM000256", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0352", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1994, "latest_year": 1994, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1994-01-01", "iso_date": "1994-01-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C928" ], "scope": "One January dinar replaced one billion October-scale dinars.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0202" ], "track": "FTM000256", "currency_id": "FTM000256", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0353", "kind": "monetary_stabilisation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1994, "latest_year": 1994, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1994-01-24", "iso_date": "1994-01-24" }, "claim_ids": [ "C929" ], "scope": "The stabilised new dinar entered at thirteen million January dinars per new dinar. Dated rate only; the table gives twelve million from 26 January through 30 June.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0203" ], "track": "FTM000256", "currency_id": "FTM000256", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0350" ], "claim_ids": [ "C566", "C926", "C927", "C928", "C929", "C930", "C931", "C932" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S300", "S443", "S444" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "RSD", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000256" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000255", "label": "Postwar Yugoslav dinar — before successor separations", "relationship_id": "R0350", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1992, "latest_year": 1992, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1992-07-01", "iso_date": "1992-07-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C926" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0350", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000256", "label": "Federal Yugoslav / Serbian dinar — successor continuity", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "RSD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C566", "C926", "C927", "C928", "C929", "C930", "C931", "C932" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S300", "S443", "S444" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000258", "label": "Macedonian denar — national continuity", "aliases": [ "Macedonian denar — national continuity" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000766", "label": "Denar — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C593" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000948", "label": "Macedonian denar — 1992 temporary scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C933", "C934" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0356", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "month", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993-05", "iso_date": "1993-05" }, "claim_ids": [ "C934" ], "scope": "One new denar replaced 100 temporary denars. Issuer-derived statistical sources disagree on May 7 versus May 10; month precision avoids false exactness.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0206" ], "track": "FTM000258", "currency_id": "FTM000258", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0355" ], "claim_ids": [ "C593", "C933", "C934", "C935" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S326", "S443", "S448" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MKD", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000258" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000255", "label": "Postwar Yugoslav dinar — before successor separations", "relationship_id": "R0355", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1992, "latest_year": 1992, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1992-04-26", "iso_date": "1992-04-26" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C933" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0355", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000258", "label": "Macedonian denar — national continuity", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "MKD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. 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At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V24-003", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 1831–1832 Organic Regulations recognized leu accounting. 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At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. 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At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. 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At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. 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At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. 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", "valuation_ids": [ "V0135" ], "currency_id": "FTM000268", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0222" ], "claim_ids": [ "C551", "C762", "C763" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S285" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MRU", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000268" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000263", "label": "CFA franc (BCEAO)", "relationship_id": "R0222", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1973, "latest_year": 1973, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1973-06-29", "iso_date": "1973-06-29" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C762" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0222", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000268", "label": "Mauritanian ouguiya", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "MRU" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C551", "C762", "C763" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S285" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000270", "label": "Malagasy franc — earlier Madagascar–Comoros regional phase", "aliases": [ "Malagasy franc", "Madagascar colonial franc issues", "Malagasy franc — earlier Madagascar–Comoros regional phase" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000831", "label": "Madagascar colonial franc issues", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C766", "C768" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000832", "label": "Malagasy franc", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C767", "C768", "C769" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0227", "parent": "T-FTM000831", "child": "FTM000270", "kind": "regional_currency_continuity", "layer": "secondary", "claim_ids": [ "C768" ], "source": "reviewed franc handoff v2", "date": { "earliest_year": 1963, "latest_year": 1963, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1963" }, "scope": "National franc issues continue the local franc monetary history. ", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_ids": [], "valuation_policy": "Exact original quantities; pegs, coin tariffs and currency conversions have separate scopes.", "original_parent": "T-FTM000831", "original_child": "FTM000270", "currency_id": "FTM000270", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0228", "R0229", "R0398" ], "claim_ids": [ "C767", "C768", "C769", "C766", "C980", "C1507", "C1547", "C1548", "C1549", "C1581", "C1582", "C1658", "C1721" ], "source_ids": [ "S402", "S464", "S831", "S890", "S891", "S892", "S888", "S832", "S833", "S889" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000270", "label": "Malagasy franc — earlier Madagascar–Comoros regional phase", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000271", "FTM000272" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C767", "C768", "C769", "C766", "C980", "C1507", "C1547", "C1548", "C1549", "C1581", "C1582", "C1658", "C1721" ], "source_ids": [ "S402", "S464", "S831", "S890", "S891", "S892", "S888", "S832", "S833", "S889" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0228", "R0229" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1507-FTM000270-1963", "scope": "ExistingMadagascarlegaltender currency renamedfrancmalgache effective1July1963; noadditionalnode orancestryevent.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1963, "latest_year": 1963, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1963" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1507" ], "source_ids": [ "S831" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1547-FTM000270-1963", "scope": "Existing Malagasy CFA currency received the name francmalgache on1July1963.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1963, "latest_year": 1963, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1963" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1547" ], "source_ids": [ "S890", "S831" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1548-FTM000270-1973", "scope": "Ordinance73-025 retains francmalgache,100centimes, under national monetary authority; transitional continuity is regulated.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1973, "latest_year": 1973, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1973" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1548" ], "source_ids": [ "S891" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1549-FTM000270-1960", "scope": "Monetary cooperation contemplated national arrangements while preserving the existing unit and parity.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1960, "latest_year": 1960, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1960" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1549" ], "source_ids": [ "S892" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "ExistingMadagascarlegaltender currency renamedfrancmalgache effective1July1963; noadditionalnode orancestryevent.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Existing Malagasy CFA currency received the name francmalgache on1July1963.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Ordinance73-025 retains francmalgache,100centimes, under national monetary authority; transitional continuity is regulated.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Monetary cooperation contemplated national arrangements while preserving the existing unit and parity.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1963 was a name change within the local Malagasy profile; actual French ancestry is supplied by revisedR0398. ", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Comorian reckoning continues the earlier Madagascar–Comoros regional franc after the two territories become distinct legal-tender areas. ", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The territorial Malagasy franc separated from metropolitan-franc reckoning in the1945 regional reform. ", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Use1945 as explicit territorial-account separation anchor. Earlier1925–1928notes belong in predecessor/context history;1963rename and1973sovereignbank changes are within continuity.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000271", "label": "Malagasy ariary", "aliases": [ "Malagasy ariary" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000722", "label": "Malagasy Ariary — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C548" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000833", "label": "Malagasy ariary", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C769", "C770" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0228" ], "claim_ids": [ "C548", "C769", "C770" ], "source_ids": [ "S282", "S402" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MGA", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000271" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000270", "label": "Malagasy franc — earlier Madagascar–Comoros regional phase", "relationship_id": "R0228", "kind": "unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 2005, "latest_year": 2005, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "2005-01-01", "iso_date": "2005-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C769" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0228", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000271", "label": "Malagasy ariary", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "MGA" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C548", "C769", "C770" ], "source_ids": [ "S282", "S402" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000272", "label": "Comorian franc", "aliases": [ "Comoros local franc issues / IEC period", "Comorian franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000755", "label": "Comorian Franc — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C582" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000834", "label": "Comoros local franc issues / IEC period", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C771", "C772" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000835", "label": "Comorian franc / BCC framework", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C772", "C773", "C774", "C775" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0230", "parent": "T-FTM000834", "child": "FTM000272", "kind": "institutional_currency_continuity", "layer": "secondary", "claim_ids": [ "C772" ], "source": "reviewed franc handoff v2", "date": { "earliest_year": 1979, "latest_year": 1981, "precision": "period", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1979–1981" }, "scope": "The cooperation agreement and BCC succession formalize the Comorian branch. Agreement signed 23 November 1979 names the franc; BCC succeeds IEC on 1 July 1981. Treaty entry into force depends on notifications.", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_ids": [], "valuation_policy": "Exact original quantities; pegs, coin tariffs and currency conversions have separate scopes.", "original_parent": "T-FTM000834", "original_child": "FTM000272", "currency_id": "FTM000272", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0229" ], "claim_ids": [ "C771", "C772", "C582", "C773", "C774", "C775", "C1582", "C1969" ], "source_ids": [ "S315", "S381", "S385", "S406", "S888", "S890", "S832", "S833" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "KMF", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000272" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000270", "label": "Malagasy franc — earlier Madagascar–Comoros regional phase", "relationship_id": "R0229", "kind": "regional_currency_continuity", "date": { "earliest_year": 1962, "latest_year": 1963, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1962–1963" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C771", "C1582" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0229", "role": "regional_branch" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000272", "label": "Comorian franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "KMF" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C771", "C772", "C582", "C773", "C774", "C775", "C1582" ], "source_ids": [ "S315", "S381", "S385", "S406", "S888", "S890", "S832", "S833" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Comorian reckoning continues the earlier Madagascar–Comoros regional franc after the two territories become distinct legal-tender areas. ", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "adopted_basis_relationship_ids": [ "SP-V32-009" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000273", "label": "CFP franc", "aliases": [ "CFP franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000822", "label": "CFP franc", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C744", "C746", "C747", "C756", "C805" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0396", "R0397" ], "claim_ids": [ "C531", "C744", "C746", "C747", "C756", "C805", "C978", "C979" ], "source_ids": [ "S266", "S387", "S396", "S463" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "XPF", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000273" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000175", "label": "French franc — 1795 to euro conversion", "relationship_id": "R0396", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1945, "latest_year": 1945, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1945-12-26", "iso_date": "1945-12-26" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C978" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0396", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000273", "label": "CFP franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "XPF" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000275" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C531", "C744", "C746", "C747", "C756", "C805", "C978", "C979" ], "source_ids": [ "S266", "S387", "S396", "S463" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0397" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000275", "label": "Vanuatu vatu / New Hebrides franc", "aliases": [ "New Hebrides franc / Vanuatu vatu" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000713", "label": "Vatu — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C539" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000837", "label": "New Hebrides franc", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C805", "C806" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000838", "label": "Vanuatu vatu", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C806" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0260", "track": "FTM000275", "kind": "currency_rename", "date": { "earliest_year": 1981, "latest_year": 1981, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1981-01-01", "iso_date": "1981-01-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C806" ], "scope": "Vatu succeeds the New Hebrides franc. ", "valuation_ids": [ "V0156" ], "currency_id": "FTM000275", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0397" ], "claim_ids": [ "C539", "C805", "C806", "C979" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S273", "S396", "S463" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "VUV", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000275" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000273", "label": "CFP franc", "relationship_id": "R0397", "kind": "regional_currency_continuity", "date": { "earliest_year": 1945, "latest_year": 1967, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1945–1967" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C979" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0397", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000275", "label": "Vanuatu vatu / New Hebrides franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "VUV" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C539", "C805", "C806", "C979" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S273", "S396", "S463" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000276", "label": "Algerian franc", "aliases": [ "Algerian franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000849", "label": "Algerian franc, old unit", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C801" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000850", "label": "Algerian franc, 1960 unit", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C801", "C802" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1296-1933", "label": "Algerian franc monetary-unit observation reaches 1933, preceding the 1960 anchor. Treat later new-franc rescaling as a profile change, not a reason to discard the earlier unit. No claim that 1933 is creation or that 1848 was the actual monetary separation date.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1296" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0255", "track": "FTM000276", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1960, "latest_year": 1960, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1960-01-01", "iso_date": "1960-01-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C801" ], "scope": "Algeria restates its franc unit. ", "valuation_ids": [ "V0152" ], "currency_id": "FTM000276", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0256", "R-V27-013" ], "claim_ids": [ "C801", "C802", "C1296", "C1465", "C1520", "C1521", "C1671", "C1718", "C1774", "C1811" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S541", "S856", "S857", "S764", "S765", "S922" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1296-FTM000276-1933", "scope": "Algerian franc monetary-unit observation reaches 1933, preceding the 1960 anchor. Treat later new-franc rescaling as a profile change, not a reason to discard the earlier unit. No claim that 1933 is creation or that 1848 was the actual monetary separation date.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1296" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1465-FTM000276-1933", "scope": "Algerianfranc observed1933before1960scalechange; earlierterritorialaccount boundary unresolved.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1465" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1520-FTM000276-1878", "scope": "The French Treasury opened a Banque de l’Algérie account holding Algerian-franc balances for transfers with France.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1878, "latest_year": 1878, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1878" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1520" ], "source_ids": [ "S856" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1521-FTM000276-1851", "scope": "Parliamentary proceedings document local franc-denominated bank capital,a state loan,note liabilities and current accounts. This does not alone date regional separation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1851, "latest_year": 1851, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1851" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1521" ], "source_ids": [ "S857" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1774-FTM000276-1878", "scope": "The Treasury account opened at Banque de l’Algérie in1878 held Algerian-franc balances and settled transfers paid in metropolitan French francs, providing positive account distinction by this date.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1878, "latest_year": 1878, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1878" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1774" ], "source_ids": [ "S856" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Algerian franc monetary-unit observation reaches 1933, preceding the 1960 anchor. Treat later new-franc rescaling as a profile change, not a reason to discard the earlier unit. No claim that 1933 is creation or that 1848 was the actual monetary separation date.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Algerianfranc observed1933before1960scalechange; earlierterritorialaccount boundary unresolved.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The French Treasury opened a Banque de l’Algérie account holding Algerian-franc balances for transfers with France.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Parliamentary proceedings document local franc-denominated bank capital,a state loan,note liabilities and current accounts. This does not alone date regional separation.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Separate Algerian Treasury balances and interterritorial debt settlement establish local account usage in1878. Equal parity does not justify merger with France.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The Treasury account opened at Banque de l’Algérie in1878 held Algerian-franc balances and settled transfers paid in metropolitan French francs, providing positive account distinction by this date.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "French-franc fiscal use preceded localbank creation; Algerian-franc accounts distinguished by1878. The regional branch is plausible, but these readings do not identify a definitive account-separation enactment or conversion date. Do not manufacture1848birth.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000276", "label": "Algerian franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000232", "FTM000277" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C801", "C802", "C1296", "C1465", "C1520", "C1521", "C1671", "C1718", "C1774", "C1811" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S541", "S856", "S857", "S764", "S765", "S922" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0256", "R-V27-013" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000277", "label": "Algerian dinar", "aliases": [ "Algerian dinar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000721", "label": "Algerian Dinar — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C547" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000851", "label": "Algerian dinar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C802" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0256" ], "claim_ids": [ "C547", "C802" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S281" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "DZD", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000277" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000276", "label": "Algerian franc", "relationship_id": "R0256", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1964, "latest_year": 1964, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1964-04-10", "iso_date": "1964-04-10" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C802" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0256", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000277", "label": "Algerian dinar", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "DZD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C547", "C802" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S281" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000278", "label": "Tunisian franc", "aliases": [ "Tunisian franc" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0258", "R-V27-019", "R0399" ], "claim_ids": [ "C804", "C981", "C1588", "C1677", "C1959" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S465" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000278", "label": "Tunisian franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000279" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C804", "C981", "C1588", "C1677" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S465" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0258" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Frenchfranc was adopted as Tunisia’s monetaryreference in1891,while the actual localreplacement was Tunisianpiastre→Tunisianfranc. KeepFrenchconnection as context for account-system adoption,not a second replacementparent. The localpiastreparent supplies directsuccession; Frenchmodeladoption alone doesnot prove a separateflow ofFrench-unit debts intoTunisianunit. Excludefromancestryreachmetrics.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "adopted_basis_relationship_ids": [ "R0399" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000279", "label": "Tunisian dinar", "aliases": [ "Tunisian dinar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000753", "label": "Tunisian Dinar — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C579" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000855", "label": "Tunisian dinar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C804" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0258" ], "claim_ids": [ "C579", "C804" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S313" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "TND", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000279" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000278", "label": "Tunisian franc", "relationship_id": "R0258", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1958, "latest_year": 1958, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1958-11-01", "iso_date": "1958-11-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C804" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0258", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000279", "label": "Tunisian dinar", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "TND" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C579", "C804" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S313" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000280", "label": "Moroccan franc", "aliases": [ "Moroccan franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000852", "label": "Moroccan franc", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C803" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0257", "R-V27-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C803", "C1661" ], "source_ids": [ "S405", "S725" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000280", "label": "Moroccan franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000281" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C803", "C1661" ], "source_ids": [ "S405", "S725" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0257" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000281", "label": "Moroccan dirham", "aliases": [ "Moroccan dirham" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000727", "label": "Moroccan Dirham — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C553" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000853", "label": "Moroccan dirham", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C803" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0257" ], "claim_ids": [ "C553", "C803" ], "source_ids": [ "S287", "S405" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MAD", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000281" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000280", "label": "Moroccan franc", "relationship_id": "R0257", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1959, "latest_year": 1959, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1959-10-19", "iso_date": "1959-10-19" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C803" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0257", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000281", "label": "Moroccan dirham", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "MAD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C553", "C803" ], "source_ids": [ "S287", "S405" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000283", "label": "Djiboutian franc", "aliases": [ "Djiboutian franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000692", "label": "Djibouti Franc — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C518" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000836", "label": "Djibouti franc", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C776", "C777" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0234" ], "claim_ids": [ "C518", "C776", "C777", "C1575" ], "source_ids": [ "S253", "S396", "S403", "S404", "S720" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "DJF", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000283" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-SOMALIS-CFA", "label": "French Somaliland CFA franc", "relationship_id": "R0234", "kind": "unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1949, "latest_year": 1949, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1949" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C776", "C1575" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0234", "role": "replacement" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000283", "label": "Djiboutian franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [ "DJF" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C518", "C776", "C777", "C1575" ], "source_ids": [ "S253", "S396", "S403", "S404", "S720" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The1949 law converts resident CFA accounts and obligations into the newly established Djibouti franc. ", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000285", "label": "Indian rupee", "aliases": [ "East Africa and Uganda rupee issues", "Indian rupee", "British Indian rupee — uniform currency and East African standard", "Gulf rupee — external Indian note currency" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000774", "label": "British Indian rupee — East African standard context", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C602", "C603", "C605" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000775", "label": "East Africa and Uganda rupee issues", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C603", "C604", "C605", "C606", "C607", "C608", "C610", "C611", "C613", "C614" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0151", "parent": "FTM000284", "child": "FTM000295", "kind": "local_issue_on_imported_currency_standard", "layer": "primary", "claim_ids": [ "C603", "C605" ], "source": "revision 10 African predecessor research", "date": { "earliest_year": 1905, "latest_year": 1905, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1905 authorisation; first local note issue pending" }, "scope": "Local note promises and accounts use the Indian-rupee standard. This is issue/account continuity, not a claim that all imported coins were exchanged or withdrawn.", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_ids": [], "valuation_policy": "Use the named unit epoch, territory and instrument scope; no universal cash extinction implied.", "original_parent": "FTM000284", "original_child": "FTM000295", "currency_id": "FTM000285", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0382", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1947, "latest_year": 1950, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1947–1950" }, "claim_ids": [ "C963" ], "scope": "Independent India retained the inherited rupee and then introduced Republic designs. Independence and the 1950 coin issue did not rescale the rupee.", "valuation_ids": [], "parent": "FTM000284", "child": "FTM000285", "layer": "primary", "source": "1500 coverage research revision 15", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_policy": "Exact ratio within the written scope, never a universal treatment of all cash and deposits.", "original_parent": "FTM000284", "original_child": "FTM000285", "currency_id": "FTM000285", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000953", "label": "Sher Shah and Suri silver rupee", "record_types": [ "coinage_family" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C958", "C959" ], "source_ids": [ "S454", "S456" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000954", "label": "Mughal rupee coinages", "record_types": [ "coinage_family" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C959", "C960" ], "source_ids": [ "S456", "S457" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000955", "label": "East India Company Bombay Mughal-style rupee", "record_types": [ "coinage_family" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C960", "C961" ], "source_ids": [ "S457" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0152", "R0383", "R0386", "R0387", "R0393", "R-V22-013", "R-V22-025", "R-V22-036", "R-V22-051", "R-V22-054", "R0408", "R-V26-004", "R-V27-015", "R-V37-001", "R-V37-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C603", "C604", "C605", "C606", "C607", "C608", "C610", "C611", "C613", "C614", "C586", "C963", "C964", "C967", "C602", "C961", "C962", "C965", "C990", "C1115", "C1127", "C1138", "C1153", "C1156", "C1422", "C1608", "C1609", "C1610", "C1629", "C1673", "C968", "C969", "C970", "C975", "C1555", "C1760", "C1794", "C2048", "C2066", "C2072", "C2073" ], "source_ids": [ "S319", "S334", "S335", "S336", "S457", "S458", "S459", "S460", "S461", "S470", "S537", "S98", "S541", "S242", "S549", "S189", "S327", "S699", "S804", "S805", "S807", "S806", "S767", "S234", "S894", "S909", "S910", "S1073", "S1082", "S1069", "S1070", "S1084" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "INR", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000285" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-CALCUTTA-SICCA", "label": "Calcutta sicca rupee", "relationship_id": "R-V22-051", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1835, "latest_year": 1838, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1835–1838" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1153", "C1794" ] }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-HYDERABAD-RUPEE", "label": "Hyderabad Osmania / Hali sicca rupee", "relationship_id": "R-V26-004", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1955, "latest_year": 1955, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1955" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1422" ] }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-MADRAS-PAGODA", "label": "Madras pagoda–fanam accounting", "relationship_id": "R-V37-001", "kind": "regional_currency_continuity", "date": { "earliest_year": 1818, "latest_year": 1835, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1818–1835" }, "status": "qualified", "claim_ids": [ "C2072" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-051", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R-V26-004", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R-V37-001", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000285", "label": "Indian rupee", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "INR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000234", "FTM000235", "FTM000236", "FTM000237", "FTM000238", "FTM000240", "FTM000242", "FTM000243", "FTM000244", "FTM000286", "FTM000287", "FTM000288", "FTM000290", "FTM000291", "FTM000292", "FTM000293", "FTM000294", "FTM000300", "FTM000302", "FTM000303", "FTM000320" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C603", "C604", "C605", "C606", "C607", "C608", "C610", "C611", "C613", "C614", "C586", "C963", "C964", "C967", "C602", "C961", "C962", "C965", "C990", "C1115", "C1127", "C1138", "C1153", "C1156", "C1422", "C1608", "C1609", "C1610", "C1629", "C1673", "C968", "C969", "C970", "C975", "C1555", "C1760", "C1794", "C2048", "C2066", "C2072", "C2073" ], "source_ids": [ "S319", "S334", "S335", "S336", "S457", "S458", "S459", "S460", "S461", "S470", "S537", "S98", "S541", "S242", "S549", "S189", "S327", "S699", "S804", "S805", "S807", "S806", "S767", "S234", "S894", "S909", "S910", "S1073", "S1082", "S1069", "S1070", "S1084" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0152", "R0383", "R0386", "R0387", "R0393", "R-V22-013", "R-V22-025", "R-V22-036", "R-V22-054", "R0408", "R-V27-015", "R-V37-002" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Ceylon rupee developed from local Indian-rupee accounting: public accounts used rupees and cents from1872; an independent Ceylon rupee subsequently separated from INR, with the link explicitly severed in1949. Regional descent is documented; the broad interval represents differentiation, not uncertainty that the ancestry exists. Do not equate local note issue with the sole creation date.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Burma differentiated its rupee from the Indian rupee system: the1937 arrangement retained INR linkage and RBI management; the1946 currency law established local rupee accounting, and the currency board assumed prior liabilities in1947. The parent relationship is supported despite multiple institutional stages. Kyat naming/decimalization remains within the existing Myanmar identity under project policy.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Mauritius adopted the Indian rupee at par effective1January1877, replacing its earlier dollar at two rupees per dollar; local rupee accounting later separated its anchor from India in1934. Account adoption, local loan accounts and later independent valuation establish regional descent, not a metal-standard resemblance.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Covered rupee contractual references became florins1:1 under the1920Order; local commencement proclamation dated July19. Direct legal-account substitution with note overlap; no universal cash extinction.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Inspected enabling law authorizes special notes of the Indian rupee for external circulation, not a new account denomination. Fold Gulf episode into Indian rupee and retain its regional conversion observations. This rejects a note-series identity; any later independently denominated Gulf contract unit requires new evidence.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Act XVII addresses discharge of engagements in Company rupees and expressly preserves particular payment clauses in sicca-denominated contracts.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Sicca obligations passed into Company-rupee accounting: the1835 Act governs contractual discharge, and the court follows an actual converted rent through the change. The1838 tender endpoint does not erase statutory exceptions. ", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Tax settlement is not a universal currency conversion", "text": "The reported official rate of 5,120 cowries per rupee in 1804 differs from market exchange. Required silver tax payment does not alone prove wholesale account succession or an enduring hard peg. Hold ancestry and adopted-basis links.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Counting influence without invented parentage", "text": "The 1905 cent design drew on kiasa counting. Denomination design influence is insufficient to make cowrie accounting an ancestor of the existing Indian rupee.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified account succession", "text": "Madras pagoda accounts converted to rupees in 1818 at one pagoda to 3½ rupees; presidency unification followed in 1835. Admit compressed local absorption into the retained Indian rupee lineage, not the rupee’s founding. The intervening presidency stage remains explicit.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified account succession", "text": "The German territorial rupee developed from established Indian-rupee use. Admit qualified regional derivation; the 1890–1904 emergence interval is a research envelope and does not itself date account creation.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS28-C1760-FTM000285-1835", "scope": "Act XVII addresses discharge of engagements in Company rupees and expressly preserves particular payment clauses in sicca-denominated contracts.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1835, "latest_year": 1835, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1835" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1760" ], "source_ids": [ "S909" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000286", "label": "Pakistani rupee", "aliases": [ "Pakistani rupee" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0383", "R0384" ], "claim_ids": [ "C541", "C965", "C966" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S275", "S459" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "PKR", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000286" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000285", "label": "Indian rupee", "relationship_id": "R0383", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1947, "latest_year": 1948, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1947–1948" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C965" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0383", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000286", "label": "Pakistani rupee", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "PKR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000287" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C541", "C965", "C966" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S275", "S459" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0384" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000287", "label": "Bangladeshi taka", "aliases": [ "Bangladeshi taka" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0384" ], "claim_ids": [ "C506", "C966" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S241" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BDT", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000287" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000286", "label": "Pakistani rupee", "relationship_id": "R0384", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1972, "latest_year": 1972, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1972" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C966" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0384", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000287", "label": "Bangladeshi taka", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "BDT" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C506", "C966" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S241" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000288", "label": "Bhutanese ngultrum", "aliases": [ "Bhutanese ngultrum" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000714", "label": "Ngultrum — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C540" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-025" ], "claim_ids": [ "C540", "C1127" ], "source_ids": [ "S274", "S98" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BTN", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000288" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000285", "label": "Indian rupee", "relationship_id": "R-V22-025", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1974, "latest_year": 1974, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1974" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1127" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-025", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000288", "label": "Bhutanese ngultrum", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "BTN" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C540", "C1127" ], "source_ids": [ "S274", "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000290", "label": "Myanmar kyat", "aliases": [ "Myanmar kyat" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000767", "label": "Kyat — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C594" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH22-C1159", "label": "Burmese rupee / kyat continuity", "date": { "earliest_year": 1947, "latest_year": 1952, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1947–1952" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1159" ], "source_ids": [ "S189", "S327" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-054" ], "claim_ids": [ "C594", "C1156", "C1159", "C1609", "C2051" ], "source_ids": [ "S327", "S189", "S807", "S806", "S1074" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The regional currency profile extends through the postwar Burmese rupee and 1952 transfer to the Union Bank of Burma. The rupee/kyat naming and subdivision transition is kept within this qualified profile.", "report_url": "/revision-22/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Burma differentiated its rupee from the Indian rupee system: the1937 arrangement retained INR linkage and RBI management; the1946 currency law established local rupee accounting, and the currency board assumed prior liabilities in1947. The parent relationship is supported despite multiple institutional stages. Kyat naming/decimalization remains within the existing Myanmar identity under project policy.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Historical and modern kyat boundary", "text": "The inspected deeds do not establish succession into colonial rupee accounting or today’s Myanmar kyat. Keep this older account separate despite its shared name.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MMK", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000290" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000285", "label": "Indian rupee", "relationship_id": "R-V22-054", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1937, "latest_year": 1947, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1937–1947" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1156", "C1609" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-054", "role": "regional_branch" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000290", "label": "Myanmar kyat", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "MMK" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C594", "C1156", "C1159", "C1609", "C2051" ], "source_ids": [ "S327", "S189", "S807", "S806", "S1074" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000291", "label": "Ceylon / Sri Lankan rupee", "aliases": [ "Ceylon / Sri Lankan rupee" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000681", "label": "Sri Lanka Rupee — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C507" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-036", "R-V23-016" ], "claim_ids": [ "C507", "C1138", "C1176", "C1489", "C1571", "C1608" ], "source_ids": [ "S242", "S541", "S579", "S804", "S805" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "LKR", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000291" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000285", "label": "Indian rupee", "relationship_id": "R-V22-036", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1872, "latest_year": 1949, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1872–1949" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1138", "C1608" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-036", "role": "regional_branch" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000291", "label": "Ceylon / Sri Lankan rupee", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "LKR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000292" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C507", "C1138", "C1176", "C1489", "C1571", "C1608" ], "source_ids": [ "S242", "S541", "S579", "S804", "S805" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-016" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1489-FTM000291-1872", "scope": "Ceylon public accounts were kept in rupees and cents from1January1872. Existing sterling statutory and contractual treasury payments were payable in rupees at two shillings per rupee.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1872, "latest_year": 1872, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1872" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1489" ], "source_ids": [ "S804" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Ceylon public accounts were kept in rupees and cents from1January1872. Existing sterling statutory and contractual treasury payments were payable in rupees at two shillings per rupee.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Retain later territorial/national rupee identity; earliest colonial note and coin evidence does not by itself date independent account denomination. Do not merge entire later currency into INR because early circulating standard was Indian rupee.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Ceylon rupee developed from local Indian-rupee accounting: public accounts used rupees and cents from1872; an independent Ceylon rupee subsequently separated from INR, with the link explicitly severed in1949. Regional descent is documented; the broad interval represents differentiation, not uncertainty that the ancestry exists. Do not equate local note issue with the sole creation date.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000292", "label": "Maldivian rufiyaa", "aliases": [ "Maldivian rufiyaa" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000701", "label": "Rufiyaa — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C527" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-016" ], "claim_ids": [ "C527", "C1176" ], "source_ids": [ "S262", "S579" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MVR", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000292" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000291", "label": "Ceylon / Sri Lankan rupee", "relationship_id": "R-V23-016", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1947, "latest_year": 1947, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1947" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1176" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-016", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000292", "label": "Maldivian rufiyaa", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "MVR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C527", "C1176" ], "source_ids": [ "S262", "S579" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000293", "label": "Mauritian rupee", "aliases": [ "Mauritian rupee" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-035", "R0408", "R-V27-029" ], "claim_ids": [ "C522", "C990", "C1137", "C1490", "C1572", "C1607", "C1610", "C1687" ], "source_ids": [ "S257", "S470", "S540", "S189", "S541" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MUR", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000293" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000285", "label": "Indian rupee", "relationship_id": "R0408", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1877, "latest_year": 1934, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1877–1934" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C990", "C1610" ] }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-MAURITIUS-DOLLAR", "label": "Mauritius colonial dollar accounting", "relationship_id": "R-V27-029", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1877, "latest_year": 1877, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1877" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1687" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0408", "role": "regional_branch" }, { "relationship_id": "R-V27-029", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000293", "label": "Mauritian rupee", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "MUR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000294" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C522", "C990", "C1137", "C1490", "C1572", "C1607", "C1610", "C1687" ], "source_ids": [ "S257", "S470", "S540", "S189", "S541" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-035" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1490-FTM000293-1908", "scope": "A government loan to Mauritius Commercial Bank was recorded at one million rupees; repayment produced20,493rupees interest.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1908, "latest_year": 1908, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1908" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1490" ], "source_ids": [ "S189" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "A government loan to Mauritius Commercial Bank was recorded at one million rupees; repayment produced20,493rupees interest.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Retain later territorial/national rupee identity; earliest colonial note and coin evidence does not by itself date independent account denomination. Do not merge entire later currency into INR because early circulating standard was Indian rupee.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Seychelles developed its local rupee accounting from the inherited Mauritian rupee system: local issue began1914, sterling-based rules replaced earlier redemption rules in1936, and Mauritian instruments largely ceased locally in1947. Regional differentiation is supported by inherited unit, legal evolution and actual rupee deposit accounts. Neither issuer change alone nor identical exchange parity supplies the edge.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Mauritius adopted the Indian rupee at par effective1January1877, replacing its earlier dollar at two rupees per dollar; local rupee accounting later separated its anchor from India in1934. Account adoption, local loan accounts and later independent valuation establish regional descent, not a metal-standard resemblance.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000294", "label": "Seychellois rupee", "aliases": [ "Seychellois rupee" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000749", "label": "Seychelles Rupee — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C575" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-035" ], "claim_ids": [ "C575", "C1137", "C1491", "C1607" ], "source_ids": [ "S309", "S540" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SCR", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000294" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000293", "label": "Mauritian rupee", "relationship_id": "R-V22-035", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1947, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914–1947" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1137", "C1607" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-035", "role": "regional_branch" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000294", "label": "Seychellois rupee", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "SCR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C575", "C1137", "C1491", "C1607" ], "source_ids": [ "S309", "S540" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1491-FTM000294-1946", "scope": "Seychelles government savings deposits were reckoned in rupees: under300,000during the1930s and over3million by1946.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1930, "latest_year": 1946, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1930–1946" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1491" ], "source_ids": [ "S540" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Seychelles government savings deposits were reckoned in rupees: under300,000during the1930s and over3million by1946.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Seychelles developed its local rupee accounting from the inherited Mauritian rupee system: local issue began1914, sterling-based rules replaced earlier redemption rules in1936, and Mauritian instruments largely ceased locally in1947. Regional differentiation is supported by inherited unit, legal evolution and actual rupee deposit accounts. Neither issuer change alone nor identical exchange parity supplies the edge.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000298", "label": "Afghan afghani", "aliases": [ "Afghan afghani" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000764", "label": "Afghani — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C591" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-034" ], "claim_ids": [ "C591", "C1136" ], "source_ids": [ "S324", "S539" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "AFN", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000298" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000296", "label": "Afghan rupee — Kabuli account unit", "relationship_id": "R-V22-034", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1925, "latest_year": 1926, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1925–1926" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1136" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-034", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000298", "label": "Afghan afghani", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "AFN" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C591", "C1136" ], "source_ids": [ "S324", "S539" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000300", "label": "Bahraini dinar", "aliases": [ "Bahraini dinar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0387", "R0392" ], "claim_ids": [ "C552", "C969", "C974" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S286", "S462" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BHD", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000300" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000285", "label": "Indian rupee", "relationship_id": "R0387", "kind": "territorial_currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1965, "latest_year": 1965, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1965-10-16", "iso_date": "1965-10-16" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C969" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0387", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000300", "label": "Bahraini dinar", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "BHD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000303" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C552", "C969", "C974" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S286", "S462" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0392" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000301", "label": "Qatar and Dubai riyal", "aliases": [ "Qatar and Dubai riyal" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000957", "label": "Saudi-riyal circulation in Qatar — 1966 interim episode", "record_types": [ "monetary_use_episode" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C970", "C971" ], "source_ids": [ "S98" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0390", "R0391", "R-V27-014", "R-V27-015" ], "claim_ids": [ "C971", "C972", "C973", "C1672", "C1673" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S462", "S767" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000301", "label": "Qatar and Dubai riyal", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000302", "FTM000303" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C971", "C972", "C973", "C1672", "C1673" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S462", "S767" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0390", "R0391" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000302", "label": "Qatari riyal", "aliases": [ "Qatari riyal" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0390" ], "claim_ids": [ "C537", "C972" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S271" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "QAR", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000302" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000301", "label": "Qatar and Dubai riyal", "relationship_id": "R0390", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1973, "latest_year": 1973, "precision": "month", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1973-05", "iso_date": "1973-05" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C972" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0390", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000302", "label": "Qatari riyal", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "QAR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C537", "C972" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S271" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000303", "label": "UAE dirham", "aliases": [ "UAE dirham" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0391", "R0392" ], "claim_ids": [ "C500", "C973", "C974" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S235", "S462" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "AED", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000303" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000301", "label": "Qatar and Dubai riyal", "relationship_id": "R0391", "kind": "multiple_currency_unification", "date": { "earliest_year": 1973, "latest_year": 1973, "precision": "month", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1973-05", "iso_date": "1973-05" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C973" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000300", "label": "Bahraini dinar", "relationship_id": "R0392", "kind": "multiple_currency_unification", "date": { "earliest_year": 1973, "latest_year": 1973, "precision": "month", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1973-05", "iso_date": "1973-05" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C974" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0391", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R0392", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000303", "label": "UAE dirham", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "AED" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C500", "C973", "C974" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S235", "S462" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000304", "label": "Saudi riyal", "aliases": [ "Saudi riyal" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000675", "label": "Saudi Riyal — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C501" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH24-C1219-1936", "label": "Revenue-account conversion", "date": { "earliest_year": 1936, "latest_year": 1936, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1936" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1219" ], "source_ids": [ "S612" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000957", "label": "Saudi-riyal circulation in Qatar — 1966 interim episode", "record_types": [ "monetary_use_episode" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C970", "C971" ], "source_ids": [ "S98" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V24-004", "R-V27-014" ], "claim_ids": [ "C501", "C1208", "C1219", "C1228", "C1626", "C1672" ], "source_ids": [ "S236", "S611", "S612", "S767" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SAR", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000304" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000374", "label": "Turkish lira", "relationship_id": "R-V24-004", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1928, "latest_year": 1936, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1928–1936" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1208", "C1626" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V24-004", "role": "regional_branch" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS24-C1219-FTM000304-1936", "scope": "Instructions effective 23 March 1936 abolished gold-piastre reckoning, required affected government revenues to be doubled in Saudi piastres, and retained revenues already based on Saudi piastres. This is an account conversion within the Saudi profile.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1936, "latest_year": 1936, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1936" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1219" ], "source_ids": [ "S612" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_transition", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Instructions effective 23 March 1936 abolished gold-piastre reckoning, required affected government revenues to be doubled in Saudi piastres, and retained revenues already based on Saudi piastres. This is an account conversion within the Saudi profile.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The 1936 diplomatic report describes the 1928 Saudi rules as adapting older Turkish gold-account reckoning while substituting the Saudi riyal for the mejidie. It separately reports continued non-Saudi currency use in Najd.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Hejazi Saudi account system adapted Ottoman theoretical gold-piastre reckoning in 1928. The March 1936 finance instructions explicitly superseded that gold-piastre revenue unit with Saudi piastres, doubling stated revenue amounts. Direct contemporary account-unit lineage and later legal revenue conversion support regional ancestry. Do not generalize it to every currency circulating in Najd.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000304", "label": "Saudi riyal", "navigation_group": "Arabian histories", "endpoint_codes": [ "SAR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000302", "FTM000303" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C501", "C1208", "C1219", "C1228", "C1626", "C1672" ], "source_ids": [ "S236", "S611", "S612", "S767" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-014" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000307", "label": "Prussian thaler — nineteenth-century unit", "aliases": [ "Prussian thaler — nineteenth-century unit" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0318" ], "claim_ids": [ "C879" ], "source_ids": [ "S435" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000307", "label": "Prussian thaler — nineteenth-century unit", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000316", "FTM000349", "FTM000352", "FTM000354", "FTM000356", "FTM000359", "FTM000360", "FTM000362", "FTM000363", "FTM000364", "FTM000366", "FTM000368", "FTM000370", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C879" ], "source_ids": [ "S435" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0318" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000309", "label": "German mark — 1871–1948 continuity", "aliases": [ "German mark — 1871 currency through inflation", "Reichsmark", "Ostmark — eastern occupation mark" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000892", "label": "Reichsmark", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C847", "C848" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000917", "label": "German mark — gold-convertible stage", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C879", "C880", "C882" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000918", "label": "German mark — inconvertible / Papiermark stage", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C882", "C883", "C884", "C886" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0323", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1924, "latest_year": 1924, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1924-10-11", "iso_date": "1924-10-11" }, "claim_ids": [ "C886" ], "scope": "Reichsmark replaced the mark at one Reichsmark per trillion marks. Effective introduction; the legislation was dated August.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0188" ], "parent": "FTM000309", "child": "T-FTM000892", "layer": "primary", "source": "European predecessor research revision 14", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_policy": "Exact ratio within the written scope, never a universal treatment of all cash and deposits.", "original_parent": "FTM000309", "original_child": "T-FTM000892", "currency_id": "FTM000309", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0320", "kind": "convertibility_suspension", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1914, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914-07-31", "iso_date": "1914-07-31" }, "claim_ids": [ "C882" ], "scope": "Gold redemption ended; the mark continued on an inconvertible basis. An internal monetary-regime change, not a new currency born at par.", "valuation_ids": [], "track": "FTM000309", "currency_id": "FTM000309", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000919", "label": "Goldmark — gold-value accounting unit", "record_types": [ "account_unit" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C883" ], "source_ids": [ "S435" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000920", "label": "Rentenmark — parallel stabilisation issue", "record_types": [ "instrument_family" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C884", "C887", "C889" ], "source_ids": [ "S436", "S437" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000921", "label": "Allied military mark", "record_types": [ "instrument_family" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C890" ], "source_ids": [ "S437" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0279", "R0291", "R0292", "R0318", "R0319", "R0325", "R0328", "R-V26-005", "R-V27-017", "R-V27-047", "R-V27-049", "R-V26-012", "R0267" ], "claim_ids": [ "C879", "C880", "C881", "C882", "C883", "C884", "C886", "C847", "C848", "C885", "C887", "C888", "C891", "C1423", "C1430", "C1527", "C1633", "C1675", "C1705", "C1707", "C818", "C832", "C1534", "C1648" ], "source_ids": [ "S424", "S425", "S435", "S436", "S437", "S438", "S702", "S710", "S876", "S771", "S782", "S783", "S873", "S875", "S410", "S416", "S780" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000309", "label": "German mark — 1871–1948 continuity", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000316", "FTM000349", "FTM000352", "FTM000354", "FTM000356", "FTM000359", "FTM000360", "FTM000362", "FTM000363", "FTM000364", "FTM000366", "FTM000368", "FTM000370", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C879", "C880", "C881", "C882", "C883", "C884", "C886", "C847", "C848", "C885", "C887", "C888", "C891", "C1423", "C1430", "C1527", "C1633", "C1675", "C1705", "C1707", "C818", "C832", "C1534", "C1648" ], "source_ids": [ "S424", "S425", "S435", "S436", "S437", "S438", "S702", "S710", "S876", "S771", "S782", "S783", "S873", "S875", "S410", "S416", "S780" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0279", "R0292", "R0325", "R0328", "R-V27-017", "R-V27-047", "R-V27-049" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1527-FTM000309-1918", "scope": "In the occupied Baltic/Lithuanian territory, contracts and prices used mark currency; German notes and Ost loan notes were alternative instruments of it.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1918, "latest_year": 1918, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1918" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1527" ], "source_ids": [ "S876" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "In the occupied Baltic/Lithuanian territory, contracts and prices used mark currency; German notes and Ost loan notes were alternative instruments of it.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "June24,1948 eastern monetary reform converted Reichsmark-system balances under differentiated statutory ratios. Account conversions and exceptions establish distinct territorial unit, beyond note stamping.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Ost loan notes were instruments in the common German mark account unit. Statute forbids distinguishing instruments in payment contracts; preserve note history as profile evidence.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Estonian mark founding standard referenced the Ostmark; this standard reference is retained as context and excluded from ancestry traversal. Retain supported optional standard_reference, not ancestry; keep_qualified denotes unresolved proposed ancestry only. Do not downgrade existing parity fact.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000312", "label": "Deutsche Mark", "aliases": [ "Deutsche Mark" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000921", "label": "Allied military mark", "record_types": [ "instrument_family" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C890" ], "source_ids": [ "S437" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0160", "R0325", "R0329" ], "claim_ids": [ "C666", "C667", "C704", "C888", "C889", "C890", "C894", "C930", "C935" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S358", "S437", "S438", "S444", "S448" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000312", "label": "Deutsche Mark", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C666", "C667", "C704", "C888", "C889", "C890", "C894", "C930", "C935" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S358", "S437", "S438", "S444", "S448" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0160" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000313", "label": "Bosnian convertible mark", "aliases": [ "Bosnian convertible mark" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000684", "label": "Convertible Mark — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C510" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-024" ], "claim_ids": [ "C510", "C1126" ], "source_ids": [ "S245", "S98" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BAM", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000313" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-BOSNIAN-DINAR", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar", "relationship_id": "R-V22-024", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1997, "latest_year": 1998, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1997–1998" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1126" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-024", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000313", "label": "Bosnian convertible mark", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [ "BAM" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C510", "C1126" ], "source_ids": [ "S245", "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000316", "label": "Polish złoty", "aliases": [ "Polish złoty" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000761", "label": "Zloty — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C588" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-020" ], "claim_ids": [ "C588", "C1122", "C1639" ], "source_ids": [ "S321", "S535", "S786" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "PLN", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000316" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000314", "label": "Polish mark", "relationship_id": "R-V22-020", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1924, "latest_year": 1924, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1924" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1122", "C1639" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-020", "role": "replacement" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000316", "label": "Polish złoty", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [ "PLN" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C588", "C1122", "C1639" ], "source_ids": [ "S321", "S535", "S786" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1924regulation converted covered private-law claims payable inPolishmarks intozlotys under a datedvaluation scale. Direct account-obligation conversion establishes1924edge; laterwar/postwar continuity is a separate profilequestion.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000320", "label": "Yemeni rial", "aliases": [ "Yemeni rial" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000770", "label": "Yemeni Rial — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C597" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-049" ], "claim_ids": [ "C597", "C1151" ], "source_ids": [ "S329", "S98" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "YER", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000320" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-YEMEN-DINAR", "label": "South Arabian / South Yemeni dinar", "relationship_id": "R-V22-049", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1990, "latest_year": 1996, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1990–1996" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1151" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-049", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000320", "label": "Yemeni rial", "navigation_group": "Arabian histories", "endpoint_codes": [ "YER" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C597", "C1151" ], "source_ids": [ "S329", "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000321", "label": "Austrian gulden — pre-1892 unit", "aliases": [ "Austrian gulden — pre-1892 unit", "gulden/florin Conventionsmünze", "gulden/florin österreichische Währung" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0288" ], "claim_ids": [ "C844", "C1786", "C1787" ], "source_ids": [ "S426", "S937" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000321", "label": "Austrian gulden — pre-1892 unit", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000256", "FTM000258", "FTM000313", "FTM000316", "FTM000325", "FTM000327", "FTM000349", "FTM000352", "FTM000354", "FTM000356", "FTM000359", "FTM000360", "FTM000362", "FTM000363", "FTM000364", "FTM000366", "FTM000368", "FTM000370", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C844", "C1786", "C1787" ], "source_ids": [ "S426", "S937" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0288" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS28-C1786-FTM000321-1816", "scope": "Convention florins denominate government-bond interest in the1 June1816 arrangements.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1816, "latest_year": 1816, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1816" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1786" ], "source_ids": [ "S937" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1787-FTM000321-1858", "scope": "Austrian-standard florins supersede convention-standard scale at105:100;preserve as standard/scale epoch in this unit profile.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1857, "latest_year": 1858, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1857–1858" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1787" ], "source_ids": [ "S937" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Convention florins denominate government-bond interest in the1 June1816 arrangements.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Austrian-standard florins supersede convention-standard scale at105:100;preserve as standard/scale epoch in this unit profile.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ], "identity_scope_notes": [ { "code": "FTM000321", "action": "extend_profile_epochs", "aliases": [ "gulden/florin Conventionsmünze", "gulden/florin österreichische Währung" ], "reason": "1857–1858 reform changes standard and scale;no separate node solely for105:100 ratio. Vienna-paper currency remains distinct pending scoped evidence.", "revision": 28 } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000322", "label": "Austro-Hungarian krone", "aliases": [ "Austro-Hungarian krone" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0288", "R0289", "R0296", "R0344", "R-V27-044" ], "claim_ids": [ "C844", "C845", "C852", "C920", "C1630", "C1635", "C1702" ], "source_ids": [ "S420", "S421", "S424", "S426", "S445", "S768", "S788" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000322", "label": "Austro-Hungarian krone", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000256", "FTM000258", "FTM000313", "FTM000316", "FTM000325", "FTM000327", "FTM000349", "FTM000352", "FTM000354", "FTM000356", "FTM000359", "FTM000360", "FTM000362", "FTM000363", "FTM000364", "FTM000366", "FTM000368", "FTM000370", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C844", "C845", "C852", "C920", "C1630", "C1635", "C1702" ], "source_ids": [ "S420", "S421", "S424", "S426", "S445", "S768", "S788" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0289", "R0296", "R0344", "R-V27-044" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "March25,1919 legislation converted covered crown contracts and Austrian-resident checking deposits at par into Austrian stamped-crown obligations. Explicit account distinction and resident/nonresident exceptions resolve stamping-only concern.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Inherited crown accounting continued within the separated SouthSlav monetary area. Exact separation day unproved; explicit account anchor13January1920.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000323", "label": "Austrian schilling — postwar currency", "aliases": [ "Austrian schilling — postwar currency" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000894", "label": "Austrian schilling — 1945 banknote issue", "original_kind": "instrument_family", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C851" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000895", "label": "Austrian schilling — 1947 banknote issue", "original_kind": "instrument_family", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C851" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0295", "kind": "restricted_cash_reform", "date": { "earliest_year": 1947, "latest_year": 1947, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1947" }, "claim_ids": [ "C851" ], "scope": "The 1947 reform exchanged schilling notes at 3:1, except 150 per person at par. Cash reform only. No new universally rescaled account unit or blanket deposit conversion is asserted.", "valuation_ids": [], "track": "FTM000323", "currency_id": "FTM000323", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000893", "label": "Allied military schilling", "record_types": [ "instrument_family" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C849" ], "source_ids": [ "S424", "S425" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0158", "R0292" ], "claim_ids": [ "C662", "C663", "C848", "C849", "C850", "C851" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S424", "S425" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000323", "label": "Austrian schilling — postwar currency", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C662", "C663", "C848", "C849", "C850", "C851" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S424", "S425" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0158" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000324", "label": "Czechoslovak koruna — postwar currency", "aliases": [ "Czechoslovak koruna — postwar currency" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000900", "label": "Czechoslovak koruna — 1945 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C855", "C856", "C857" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000901", "label": "Czechoslovak koruna — 1953 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C857", "C858", "C859" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0301", "kind": "monetary_reform", "date": { "earliest_year": 1953, "latest_year": 1953, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1953-06-01", "iso_date": "1953-06-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C857" ], "scope": "The 1953 Czechoslovak reform used differentiated conversion rates. No single universal ratio stored. The source summarizes rates from 5:1 to 50:1.", "valuation_ids": [], "track": "FTM000324", "currency_id": "FTM000324", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0299", "R0300", "R0302", "R0303" ], "claim_ids": [ "C855", "C856", "C857", "C858", "C859" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S421", "S423" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000324", "label": "Czechoslovak koruna — postwar currency", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000325", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C855", "C856", "C857", "C858", "C859" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S421", "S423" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0302", "R0303" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000325", "label": "Czech koruna — 1993 currency", "aliases": [ "Czech koruna — 1993 currency" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000689", "label": "Czech Koruna — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C515" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0302" ], "claim_ids": [ "C515", "C858" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S250" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "CZK", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000325" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000324", "label": "Czechoslovak koruna — postwar currency", "relationship_id": "R0302", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993-02-08", "iso_date": "1993-02-08" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C858" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0302", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000325", "label": "Czech koruna — 1993 currency", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [ "CZK" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C515", "C858" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S250" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000327", "label": "Hungarian forint", "aliases": [ "Hungarian forint" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000687", "label": "Forint — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C513" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-019" ], "claim_ids": [ "C513", "C1121" ], "source_ids": [ "S248", "S534" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "HUF", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000327" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-PENGO", "label": "Hungarian pengő", "relationship_id": "R-V22-019", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1946, "latest_year": 1946, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1946" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1121" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-019", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000327", "label": "Hungarian forint", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [ "HUF" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C513", "C1121" ], "source_ids": [ "S248", "S534" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000330", "label": "Swedish krona", "aliases": [ "Swedish krona" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000703", "label": "Swedish Krona — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C529" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH22-C1158", "label": "Riksgälds → riksmynt → krona", "date": { "earliest_year": 1789, "latest_year": 1873, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1789–1873" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1158" ], "source_ids": [ "S550" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-053" ], "claim_ids": [ "C529", "C1155", "C1158" ], "source_ids": [ "S264", "S550" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The Riksbank research treats riksdaler riksgälds, riksdaler riksmynt and krona as the same continuing monetary unit under successive names. The earlier riksdaler specie is a different parent unit.", "report_url": "/revision-22/index.html" } ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SEK", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000330" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-SWEDISH-SPECIE", "label": "Swedish riksdaler specie", "relationship_id": "R-V22-053", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1789, "latest_year": 1789, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1789" }, "status": "qualified", "claim_ids": [ "C1155" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-053", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000330", "label": "Swedish krona", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [ "SEK" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C529", "C1155", "C1158" ], "source_ids": [ "S264", "S550" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000332", "label": "Danish krone", "aliases": [ "Danish krone" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000690", "label": "Danish Krone — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C516" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-008", "R-V22-045" ], "claim_ids": [ "C516", "C1110", "C1147", "C1641" ], "source_ids": [ "S251", "S546", "S829" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "DKK", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000332" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000331", "label": "Danish rigsdaler", "relationship_id": "R-V22-008", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1873, "latest_year": 1875, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1873–1875" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1110" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. 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No inferred branch from a banknote issue alone.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000333", "label": "Icelandic króna", "aliases": [ "Icelandic króna" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000686", "label": "Iceland Krona — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C512" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-045" ], "claim_ids": [ "C512", "C1147", "C1641" ], "source_ids": [ "S247", "S546", "S829" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "ISK", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000333" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000332", "label": "Danish krone", "relationship_id": "R-V22-045", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1922, "latest_year": 1922, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1922" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1147", "C1641" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. 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No inferred branch from a banknote issue alone.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000336", "label": "Norwegian krone", "aliases": [ "Norwegian krone" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000702", "label": "Norwegian Krone — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C528" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-009" ], "claim_ids": [ "C528", "C1111" ], "source_ids": [ "S263" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "NOK", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000336" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000335", "label": "Norwegian speciedaler", "relationship_id": "R-V22-009", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1875, "latest_year": 1875, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1875" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1111" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. 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Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C528", "C1111" ], "source_ids": [ "S263" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000337", "label": "Dutch guilder (euro predecessor)", "aliases": [ "Dutch guilder (euro predecessor)" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000796", "label": "Dutch guilder (euro predecessor)", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C680", "C681" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1269-1816", "label": "The Dutch guilder was the statutory account unit divided into 100 cents under the 28 September 1816 monetary law. Independent dated account-unit witness; not a research-envelope endpoint.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1816, "latest_year": 1816, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1816" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1269" ], "source_ids": [ "S619" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1270-1526", "label": "Amounts were required to be expressed in 20-stuiver Carolusguilders in 1526; this provides an earlier accounting observation for a qualified Dutch-guilder continuity profile. Grouping across later territorial and French-period changes is qualified. No new Carolus, 1694 coin or 1816 decimalization nodes. Amsterdam bank money remains distinct.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1526, "latest_year": 1526, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1526" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1270" ], "source_ids": [ "S620", "S621", "S619" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0167", "R-V23-007", "R-V25-001", "R-V26-006", "R-V27-054", "R-V44-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C680", "C681", "C1167", "C1246", "C1269", "C1270", "C1304", "C1424", "C1597", "C1599", "C1712", "C2108" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S563", "S564", "S562", "S622", "S623", "S619", "S620", "S621", "S700", "S735", "S835", "S886", "S1103" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1269-FTM000337-1816", "scope": "The Dutch guilder was the statutory account unit divided into 100 cents under the 28 September 1816 monetary law. Independent dated account-unit witness; not a research-envelope endpoint.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1816, "latest_year": 1816, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1816" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1269" ], "source_ids": [ "S619" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS25-C1270-FTM000337-1526", "scope": "Amounts were required to be expressed in 20-stuiver Carolusguilders in 1526; this provides an earlier accounting observation for a qualified Dutch-guilder continuity profile. Grouping across later territorial and French-period changes is qualified. No new Carolus, 1694 coin or 1816 decimalization nodes. Amsterdam bank money remains distinct.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1526, "latest_year": 1526, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1526" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1270" ], "source_ids": [ "S620", "S621", "S619" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The Dutch guilder was the statutory account unit divided into 100 cents under the 28 September 1816 monetary law. Independent dated account-unit witness; not a research-envelope endpoint.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Amounts were required to be expressed in 20-stuiver Carolusguilders in 1526; this provides an earlier accounting observation for a qualified Dutch-guilder continuity profile. Grouping across later territorial and French-period changes is qualified. No new Carolus, 1694 coin or 1816 decimalization nodes. Amsterdam bank money remains distinct.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The Dutch monetary system took effect in Suriname on 1 January 1827 under the published 1826 provisions. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Archivalresearch documentsDutch-to-Curaçaounit separation culminatinginroyalapproval17October1942 andthe1943regulation, followingearlierdisputes. Replacevague1827–1945envelope by evidencedseparationprocess; do notassign1937noteissue as exactbirth.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Surinamese guilder separated from the Netherlands monetary system in1940, beginning local monetary autonomy. Explicit monetary-authority account of separation establishes branching without requiring an uninspected universal conversion clause. Does not make USD peg ancestry.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000337", "label": "Dutch guilder (euro predecessor)", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000342", "FTM000343", "FTM000387", "T-FTM000526" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C680", "C681", "C1167", "C1246", "C1269", "C1270", "C1304", "C1424", "C1597", "C1599", "C1712", "C2108" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S563", "S564", "S562", "S622", "S623", "S619", "S620", "S621", "S700", "S735", "S835", "S886", "S1103" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0167", "R-V23-007", "R-V25-001", "R-V26-006", "R-V27-054", "R-V44-001" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000340", "label": "Indonesian rupiah", "aliases": [ "Indonesian rupiah" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000697", "label": "Rupiah — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C523" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-046" ], "claim_ids": [ "C523", "C1148", "C1618" ], "source_ids": [ "S258", "S547", "S741" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "IDR", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000340" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-RIAU-RUPIAH", "label": "Riau Islands rupiah", "relationship_id": "R-V22-046", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1964, "latest_year": 1964, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1964" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1148", "C1618" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-046", "role": "absorption" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000340", "label": "Indonesian rupiah", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [ "IDR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C523", "C1148", "C1618" ], "source_ids": [ "S258", "S547", "S741" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Riau payroll and pensions switched fromKR to ordinary IndonesianRp in1964; pre-existing KR payment/deduction obligations required a ministerial settlement procedure. Actual statutory remuneration and residual KR obligations establish account-unit absorption, not merely note withdrawal. June1tender andJuly1salary commencement are separate milestones.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000342", "label": "Curaçao / Antillean / Caribbean guilder", "aliases": [ "Caribbean guilder", "Curaçao / Netherlands Antillean guilder", "Curaçao / Antillean guilder" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000718", "label": "Caribbean Guilder — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C544" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1190-2025", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 2025, "latest_year": 2025, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "2025" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1190" ], "source_ids": [ "S562" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1297-1933", "label": "Curaçao is reported within the Dutch monetary system in 1933. Add this territorial observation to the existing 1827–1945 qualified branch; it does not solve the exact separation date. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1297" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-023", "R-V23-007" ], "claim_ids": [ "C544", "C1167", "C1190", "C1125", "C1297", "C1474", "C1597" ], "source_ids": [ "S278", "S563", "S564", "S562", "S98", "S541", "S735" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "XCG", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000342" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000337", "label": "Dutch guilder (euro predecessor)", "relationship_id": "R-V23-007", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1937, "latest_year": 1943, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1937–1943" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1167", "C1597" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-007", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 2025 Caribbean-guilder legislation carries Antillean-guilder deposits and legal instruments forward at 1:1. The two names are grouped as a continuing account unit under the project identity rule; this classification is an explicit inference.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Curaçao is reported within the Dutch monetary system in 1933. Add this territorial observation to the existing 1827–1945 qualified branch; it does not solve the exact separation date. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Royaldecision17October1942 acceptsCuraçaomonetaryseparation after1941petition.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Archivalresearch documentsDutch-to-Curaçaounit separation culminatinginroyalapproval17October1942 andthe1943regulation, followingearlierdisputes. Replacevague1827–1945envelope by evidencedseparationprocess; do notassign1937noteissue as exactbirth.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1297-FTM000342-1933", "scope": "Curaçao is reported within the Dutch monetary system in 1933. Add this territorial observation to the existing 1827–1945 qualified branch; it does not solve the exact separation date. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1297" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1474-FTM000342-1942", "scope": "Royaldecision17October1942 acceptsCuraçaomonetaryseparation after1941petition.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1942, "latest_year": 1942, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1942" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1474" ], "source_ids": [ "S735" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000342", "label": "Curaçao / Antillean / Caribbean guilder", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [ "XCG" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000343" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C544", "C1167", "C1190", "C1125", "C1297", "C1474", "C1597" ], "source_ids": [ "S278", "S563", "S564", "S562", "S98", "S541", "S735" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-023" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000343", "label": "Aruban florin", "aliases": [ "Aruban florin" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000699", "label": "Aruban Florin — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C525" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-023" ], "claim_ids": [ "C525", "C1125" ], "source_ids": [ "S260", "S98" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "AWG", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000343" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000342", "label": "Curaçao / Antillean / Caribbean guilder", "relationship_id": "R-V22-023", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1986, "latest_year": 1986, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1986" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1125" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-023", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000343", "label": "Aruban florin", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [ "AWG" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C525", "C1125" ], "source_ids": [ "S260", "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000349", "label": "Russian ruble — Muscovite, Imperial, Soviet and Russian account continuity", "aliases": [ "Russian Federation ruble — national continuity", "Soviet ruble and inherited ruble-zone unit", "Russian and Soviet ruble — account continuity", "Imperial Russian ruble — nineteenth-century silver unit", "Russian ruble — Muscovite, Imperial, Soviet and Russian account continuity" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000663", "label": "Russian Ruble — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C488", "C489" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000934", "label": "Russian Federation ruble — pre-1998 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C911", "C912", "C913" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000873", "label": "Soviet ruble — pre-1947 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C820", "C822", "C827", "C833" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000874", "label": "Soviet ruble — 1947 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C822", "C823" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000875", "label": "Soviet ruble — 1961 scale, continuing Baltic ruble-zone use", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C823", "C824", "C828", "C837" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000929", "label": "Soviet / inherited paper rubles — pre-1922 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C905" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000930", "label": "Soviet ruble — 1922 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C905", "C906", "C907" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000931", "label": "Soviet ruble — 1923 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C907", "C908" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0341", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1998, "latest_year": 1998, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1998" }, "claim_ids": [ "C912" ], "scope": "The Russian ruble scale changed at 1,000 old rubles per new ruble.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0196" ], "track": "FTM000349", "currency_id": "FTM000349", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0270", "kind": "monetary_reform", "date": { "earliest_year": 1947, "latest_year": 1947, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1947" }, "claim_ids": [ "C822" ], "scope": "The Soviet ruble underwent monetary reform in 1947. No uniform conversion ratio asserted: cash, deposits and other claims require separate treatment.", "valuation_ids": [], "track": "FTM000347", "currency_id": "FTM000347", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0271", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1961, "latest_year": 1961, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1961" }, "claim_ids": [ "C823" ], "scope": "The 1961 reform rescaled the Soviet ruble tenfold.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0160" ], "track": "FTM000347", "currency_id": "FTM000347", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0335", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1922, "latest_year": 1922, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1922" }, "claim_ids": [ "C905" ], "scope": "One 1922 ruble replaced 10,000 earlier paper rubles.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0192" ], "track": "FTM000347", "currency_id": "FTM000347", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0337", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1923, "latest_year": 1923, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1923" }, "claim_ids": [ "C907" ], "scope": "One 1923 ruble replaced 100 rubles of 1922.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0194" ], "track": "FTM000347", "currency_id": "FTM000347", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0338", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1924, "latest_year": 1924, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1924" }, "claim_ids": [ "C908" ], "scope": "One treasury gold ruble replaced 50,000 rubles of the 1923 sovznak scale.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0195" ], "track": "FTM000347", "currency_id": "FTM000347", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000928", "label": "Russian state credit notes — imperial issues", "record_types": [ "instrument_family" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C901", "C902", "C903", "C904", "C906" ], "source_ids": [ "S439", "S440", "S441" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000932", "label": "Soviet chervonets — banknote unit", "record_types": [ "account_unit" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C909", "C910" ], "source_ids": [ "S439" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000926", "label": "Russian ruble coinage — Petrine system", "record_types": [ "coinage_family" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C897", "C898", "C899" ], "source_ids": [ "S440", "S442" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000928", "label": "Russian state credit notes — imperial issues", "record_types": [ "instrument_family" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C901", "C902", "C903", "C904", "C906" ], "source_ids": [ "S439", "S440", "S441" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0269", "R0272", "R0276", "R0280", "R0282", "R-V22-002", "R-V22-003", "R-V22-026", "R-V22-028", "R-V22-029", "R-V22-030", "R0304", "R-V27-008", "R-V27-009", "R-V27-010", "R-V27-011", "R-V27-022", "R-V27-048", "R0275" ], "claim_ids": [ "C488", "C489", "C911", "C912", "C913", "C1132", "C1478", "C1494", "C1620", "C1666", "C1667", "C1668", "C1669", "C1680", "C820", "C822", "C823", "C824", "C827", "C828", "C833", "C837", "C905", "C906", "C907", "C908", "C910", "C1104", "C1105", "C1128", "C1130", "C1131", "C1621", "C1622", "C1716", "C1789", "C1790", "C1791", "C1792", "C860", "C899", "C902", "C1096", "C1097", "C1098", "C1099", "C1100", "C1101", "C1102", "C1706", "C1750", "C1751", "C1752", "C1753", "C1805", "C1812" ], "source_ids": [ "S224", "S439", "S98", "S748", "S749", "S810", "S754", "S529", "S755", "S756", "S757", "S758", "S759", "S763", "S813", "S814", "S410", "S411", "S412", "S414", "S415", "S417", "S218", "S528", "S219", "S750", "S751", "S753", "S752", "S939", "S940", "S941", "S904", "S427", "S440", "S441", "S522", "S523", "S524", "S525", "S526", "S527", "S874", "S901", "S903", "S902", "S905" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "RUB", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000349" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000878", "label": "Estonian interwar currency — mark and kroon", "relationship_id": "R0269", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1940, "latest_year": 1940, "precision": "month", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1940-11", "iso_date": "1940-11" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C820" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000883", "label": "Lithuanian litas — interwar currency", "relationship_id": "R0280", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1940, "latest_year": 1940, "precision": "month", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1940-11", "iso_date": "1940-11" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C833" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0269", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R0280", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000349", "label": "Russian ruble — Muscovite, Imperial, Soviet and Russian account continuity", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [ "RUB" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000352", "FTM000354", "FTM000356", "FTM000359", "FTM000360", "FTM000362", "FTM000363", "FTM000364", "FTM000366", "FTM000368", "FTM000370", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C488", "C489", "C911", "C912", "C913", "C1132", "C1478", "C1494", "C1620", "C1666", "C1667", "C1668", "C1669", "C1680", "C820", "C822", "C823", "C824", "C827", "C828", "C833", "C837", "C905", "C906", "C907", "C908", "C910", "C1104", "C1105", "C1128", "C1130", "C1131", "C1621", "C1622", "C1716", "C1789", "C1790", "C1791", "C1792", "C860", "C899", "C902", "C1096", "C1097", "C1098", "C1099", "C1100", "C1101", "C1102", "C1706", "C1750", "C1751", "C1752", "C1753", "C1805", "C1812" ], "source_ids": [ "S224", "S439", "S98", "S748", "S749", "S810", "S754", "S529", "S755", "S756", "S757", "S758", "S759", "S763", "S813", "S814", "S410", "S411", "S412", "S414", "S415", "S417", "S218", "S528", "S219", "S750", "S751", "S753", "S752", "S939", "S940", "S941", "S904", "S427", "S440", "S441", "S522", "S523", "S524", "S525", "S526", "S527", "S874", "S901", "S903", "S902", "S905" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0272", "R0276", "R0282", "R-V22-002", "R-V22-003", "R-V22-026", "R-V22-028", "R-V22-029", "R-V22-030", "R0304", "R-V27-008", "R-V27-009", "R-V27-010", "R-V27-011", "R-V27-022", "R-V27-048" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1478-FTM000349-1992", "scope": "The Russian ruble identity includes the inherited Soviet ruble account continuity; the 1992 law and implementing resolution did not reset the accounting unit.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1992, "latest_year": 1992, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1992" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1478" ], "source_ids": [ "S748", "S749" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1494-FTM000349-1993", "scope": "The July 1993 reform withdrew earlier banknote types, retained Soviet coins and required organizations to credit surrendered cash to existing accounts. This supports treating it as cash replacement within the ruble account continuity.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1494" ], "source_ids": [ "S810" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1789-FTM000349-1919", "scope": "The 4 February 1919 decree makes Soviet settlement signs equal to existing state credit notes for Treasury and private payments and records both together on the People's Bank balance sheet.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1919, "latest_year": 1919, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1919" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1789" ], "source_ids": [ "S939" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1790-FTM000349-1922", "scope": "The 1922 ruble scale equals 10,000 rubles in credit notes and settlement signs of all prior issues. Bank of Russia history explicitly includes tsar-era money in this conversion.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1921, "latest_year": 1922, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1921–1922" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1790" ], "source_ids": [ "S940", "S439" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1791-FTM000349-1922", "scope": "Effective 1 May 1922, the Finance Commissariat converts balance sheets and accounting to the 1922 ruble scale, expressly preserving existing prices, rates, tariffs and obligations through the rescaling and prescribing the interpretation of old contracts.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1922, "latest_year": 1922, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1922" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1791" ], "source_ids": [ "S941" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1792-FTM000349-1914", "scope": "Imperial state credit notes carry the inherited silver-ruble account; later gold redemption and its 1914 suspension alter convertibility. They do not by themselves establish a new account identity.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1843, "latest_year": 1914, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1843–1914" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1792" ], "source_ids": [ "S904", "S439" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1750-FTM000346-1497", "scope": "The Sudebnik measures litigation and judicial fees in rubles; article 30 names Moscow rubles. This establishes a local account unit before coinage of a ruble denomination. Its pre-unification association with the continuing Muscovite/Imperial profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1497, "latest_year": 1497, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1497" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1750" ], "source_ids": [ "S901" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1751-FTM000346-1538", "scope": "Glinskaya’s reform standardized the inherited monetary system; the ruble was an account quantity of 100 kopecks. Efimov traces this system into Peter’s reign.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1535, "latest_year": 1538, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1535–1538" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1751" ], "source_ids": [ "S903", "S902" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1752-FTM000346-1704", "scope": "Peter’s reform altered an existing ruble system and expressed inherited account denominations in coins. Surviving accounts distinguish old money accepted, new money issued, and profit.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1698, "latest_year": 1704, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1698–1704" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1752" ], "source_ids": [ "S902" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1753-FTM000346-1840", "scope": "The 1839 manifesto restores the 1810 rule, retains the current silver ruble and subdivisions, and requires public and private accounts on that basis; assignment rubles convert at 3.5 per silver ruble.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1810, "latest_year": 1840, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1810–1840" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1753" ], "source_ids": [ "S904", "S905" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The Russian ruble identity includes the inherited Soviet ruble account continuity; the 1992 law and implementing resolution did not reset the accounting unit.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The July 1993 reform withdrew earlier banknote types, retained Soviet coins and required organizations to credit surrendered cash to existing accounts. This supports treating it as cash replacement within the ruble account continuity.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Russian national ruble continues the inherited ruble account unit: the 1992 implementing resolution carries Soviet instruments into all payments and bank accounts at their nominal amounts. Issuer succession does not create a separate currency identity. Merge Soviet/inherited ruble-zone identity into Russian ruble continuity; retain Soviet era and 1993 instrument withdrawal as profile events. This adjudicates the unit boundary, without denying territorial separations elsewhere.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Russian national ruble continues the inherited ruble account unit: the 1992 implementing resolution carries Soviet instruments into all payments and bank accounts at their nominal amounts. Issuer succession does not create a separate currency identity. Merge Soviet/inherited ruble-zone identity into Russian ruble continuity; retain Soviet era and 1993 instrument withdrawal as profile events. This adjudicates the unit boundary, without denying territorial separations elsewhere.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Kazakhstan replaced inherited ruble currency with the tenge in November 1993: Decree 1399 establishes payments and deposits in tenge; Decree 1400 orders the outgoing ruble notes exchanged for it. Direct statutory replacement establishes ancestry. Do not generalize a 500:1 ratio to every account from these two decrees, which do not specify that ratio.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Belarusian account rubel separated from the inherited ruble zone during 1992–1994. IMF chronology identifies a national noncash rubel in July 1992; the 1994 finance instruction concerns denomination of its assets and liabilities. Ancestry is directly documented; the broad transition date remains intentional. Do not equate May 1992 coupon issue, May 1994 tender declaration and August 1994 denomination.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "The 1993 instrument withdrawal adds no basis for splitting the 1992 inherited ruble account identity; retain the merger proposed in the main bundle.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The 4 February 1919 decree makes Soviet settlement signs equal to existing state credit notes for Treasury and private payments and records both together on the People's Bank balance sheet.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The 1922 ruble scale equals 10,000 rubles in credit notes and settlement signs of all prior issues. Bank of Russia history explicitly includes tsar-era money in this conversion.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Effective 1 May 1922, the Finance Commissariat converts balance sheets and accounting to the 1922 ruble scale, expressly preserving existing prices, rates, tariffs and obligations through the rescaling and prescribing the interpretation of old contracts.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Imperial state credit notes carry the inherited silver-ruble account; later gold redemption and its 1914 suspension alter convertibility. They do not by themselves establish a new account identity.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier ruble and thaler research", "text": "Seventeenth- and early-eighteenth-century thaler overstriking and weight alignment are historical context for this nineteenth-century profile, not new start-date anchors. The earlier-ruble identity boundary remains open. PSZ Nos.1616, 1969 and 1950 do not identify the monetary decrees claimed in the research leads.", "report_url": "/revision-21/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The Sudebnik measures litigation and judicial fees in rubles; article 30 names Moscow rubles. This establishes a local account unit before coinage of a ruble denomination. Its pre-unification association with the continuing Muscovite/Imperial profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Glinskaya’s reform standardized the inherited monetary system; the ruble was an account quantity of 100 kopecks. Efimov traces this system into Peter’s reign.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Peter’s reform altered an existing ruble system and expressed inherited account denominations in coins. Surviving accounts distinguish old money accepted, new money issued, and profit.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The 1839 manifesto restores the 1810 rule, retains the current silver ruble and subdivisions, and requires public and private accounts on that basis; assignment rubles convert at 3.5 per silver ruble.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "The nineteenth-century-only boundary is unwarranted:1530 saccount rubles continue through Peter’s reform;1839 preserves existing silver reckoning. Admit 1535–1538 as the earlier account anchor, with 1497 Moscow evidence a separately qualified extension.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Merge the separately scoped Imperial silver-ruble profile into the continuing Russian/Soviet ruble profile. The chain is silver-account credit notes, legally equivalent Soviet settlement notes, then explicit rescaling of accounts and contracts. Regime change, redemption suspension and rescaling do not independently create another currency under project policy.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000350", "label": "Mongolian tögrög", "aliases": [ "Mongolian tögrög" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000748", "label": "Tugrik — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C574" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-037" ], "claim_ids": [ "C574", "C1139", "C1615" ], "source_ids": [ "S308" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MNT", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000350" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000456", "label": "Chinese yuan — late Qing and ROC mainland continuity", "relationship_id": "R-V22-037", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1925, "latest_year": 1927, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1925–1927" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1139", "C1615" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-037", "role": "replacement" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000350", "label": "Mongolian tögrög", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [ "MNT" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C574", "C1139", "C1615" ], "source_ids": [ "S308" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Mongolian yanchaan accounting was displaced by togrog in institutional budgets, financial statements, tax returns and prices by1927. Exact Chinese identity of scoped yanchaan parent is a root uncertainty; it does not weaken the explicitly described local account transition.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000352", "label": "Ukrainian hryvnia", "aliases": [ "Ukrainian hryvnia" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000716", "label": "Hryvnia — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C542" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-007" ], "claim_ids": [ "C542", "C1109" ], "source_ids": [ "S276", "S538" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "UAH", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000352" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000351", "label": "Ukrainian karbovanets", "relationship_id": "R-V22-007", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1996, "latest_year": 1996, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1996" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1109" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-007", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000352", "label": "Ukrainian hryvnia", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [ "UAH" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C542", "C1109" ], "source_ids": [ "S276", "S538" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000354", "label": "Belarusian ruble", "aliases": [ "Belarusian ruble" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000763", "label": "Belarusian Ruble — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C590" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-026" ], "claim_ids": [ "C590", "C1128", "C1622" ], "source_ids": [ "S323", "S98", "S753", "S752" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BYN", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000354" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000349", "label": "Russian ruble — Muscovite, Imperial, Soviet and Russian account continuity", "relationship_id": "R-V22-026", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1992, "latest_year": 1994, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1992–1994" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1128", "C1622" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-026", "role": "regional_branch" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000354", "label": "Belarusian ruble", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [ "BYN" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C590", "C1128", "C1622" ], "source_ids": [ "S323", "S98", "S753", "S752" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Belarusian account rubel separated from the inherited ruble zone during 1992–1994. IMF chronology identifies a national noncash rubel in July 1992; the 1994 finance instruction concerns denomination of its assets and liabilities. Ancestry is directly documented; the broad transition date remains intentional. Do not equate May 1992 coupon issue, May 1994 tender declaration and August 1994 denomination.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000356", "label": "Moldovan leu", "aliases": [ "Moldovan leu" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000661", "label": "Moldovan Leu — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C485" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-005" ], "claim_ids": [ "C485", "C1107" ], "source_ids": [ "S222", "S530" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MDL", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000356" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000355", "label": "Moldovan cupon", "relationship_id": "R-V22-005", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1107" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-005", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000356", "label": "Moldovan leu", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [ "MDL" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C485", "C1107" ], "source_ids": [ "S222", "S530" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000359", "label": "Georgian lari", "aliases": [ "Georgian lari" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000733", "label": "Lari — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C559" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-004" ], "claim_ids": [ "C559", "C1106" ], "source_ids": [ "S293", "S529" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "GEL", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000359" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000358", "label": "Georgian coupon", "relationship_id": "R-V22-004", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1995, "latest_year": 1995, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1995" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1106" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-004", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000359", "label": "Georgian lari", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [ "GEL" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C559", "C1106" ], "source_ids": [ "S293", "S529" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000360", "label": "Armenian dram", "aliases": [ "Armenian dram" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000657", "label": "Armenian Dram — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C479", "C480" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C479", "C480", "C1104" ], "source_ids": [ "S218" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "AMD", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000360" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000349", "label": "Russian ruble — Muscovite, Imperial, Soviet and Russian account continuity", "relationship_id": "R-V22-002", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1104" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-002", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000360", "label": "Armenian dram", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [ "AMD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C479", "C480", "C1104" ], "source_ids": [ "S218" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000362", "label": "Azerbaijani manat", "aliases": [ "Azerbaijani manat" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000658", "label": "Azerbaijan Manat — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C481", "C482" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C481", "C482", "C1105" ], "source_ids": [ "S219", "S528" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "AZN", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000362" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000349", "label": "Russian ruble — Muscovite, Imperial, Soviet and Russian account continuity", "relationship_id": "R-V22-003", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1992, "latest_year": 1994, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1992–1994" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1105" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-003", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000362", "label": "Azerbaijani manat", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [ "AZN" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C481", "C482", "C1105" ], "source_ids": [ "S219", "S528" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000363", "label": "Kazakhstani tenge", "aliases": [ "Kazakhstani tenge" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000659", "label": "Tenge — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C483" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-029" ], "claim_ids": [ "C483", "C1131", "C1621" ], "source_ids": [ "S220", "S98", "S750", "S751" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "KZT", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000363" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000349", "label": "Russian ruble — Muscovite, Imperial, Soviet and Russian account continuity", "relationship_id": "R-V22-029", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1131", "C1621" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-029", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000363", "label": "Kazakhstani tenge", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [ "KZT" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C483", "C1131", "C1621" ], "source_ids": [ "S220", "S98", "S750", "S751" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Kazakhstan replaced inherited ruble currency with the tenge in November 1993: Decree 1399 establishes payments and deposits in tenge; Decree 1400 orders the outgoing ruble notes exchanged for it. Direct statutory replacement establishes ancestry. Do not generalize a 500:1 ratio to every account from these two decrees, which do not specify that ratio.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000364", "label": "Kyrgyzstani som", "aliases": [ "Kyrgyzstani som" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000742", "label": "Som — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C568" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-028" ], "claim_ids": [ "C568", "C1130" ], "source_ids": [ "S302", "S98" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "KGS", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000364" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000349", "label": "Russian ruble — Muscovite, Imperial, Soviet and Russian account continuity", "relationship_id": "R-V22-028", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1130" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-028", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000364", "label": "Kyrgyzstani som", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [ "KGS" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C568", "C1130" ], "source_ids": [ "S302", "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000366", "label": "Uzbekistani sum", "aliases": [ "Uzbekistani sum" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000662", "label": "Uzbekistan Sum — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C486", "C487" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-006" ], "claim_ids": [ "C486", "C487", "C1108" ], "source_ids": [ "S223" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "UZS", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000366" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000365", "label": "Uzbekistani sum-coupon", "relationship_id": "R-V22-006", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1994, "latest_year": 1994, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1994" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1108" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-006", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000366", "label": "Uzbekistani sum", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [ "UZS" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C486", "C487", "C1108" ], "source_ids": [ "S223" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000368", "label": "Turkmen manat", "aliases": [ "Turkmen manat" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000731", "label": "Turkmenistan New Manat — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C557" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-030" ], "claim_ids": [ "C557", "C1132" ], "source_ids": [ "S291", "S98" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "TMT", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000368" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000349", "label": "Russian ruble — Muscovite, Imperial, Soviet and Russian account continuity", "relationship_id": "R-V22-030", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1132" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-030", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000368", "label": "Turkmen manat", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [ "TMT" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C557", "C1132" ], "source_ids": [ "S291", "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000370", "label": "Tajikistani somoni", "aliases": [ "Tajikistani somoni" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000660", "label": "Somoni — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C484" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-031" ], "claim_ids": [ "C484", "C1133" ], "source_ids": [ "S221", "S98" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "TJS", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000370" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000369", "label": "Tajikistani ruble", "relationship_id": "R-V22-031", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 2000, "latest_year": 2000, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "2000" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1133" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-031", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000370", "label": "Tajikistani somoni", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [ "TJS" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C484", "C1133" ], "source_ids": [ "S221", "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000374", "label": "Turkish lira", "aliases": [ "Turkish lira", "Ottoman lira", "Ottoman kuruş (piastre)", "Akçe" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000751", "label": "Turkish Lira — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C577" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1186-1844", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1844, "latest_year": 1844, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1844" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1186" ], "source_ids": [ "S555", "S556", "S557" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1187-1750", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1750, "latest_year": 1750, "precision": "approximate_year", "qualifier": "circa", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "c.1750 (mid-eighteenth century)" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1187" ], "source_ids": [ "S557" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH24-C1216-1690", "label": "Earlier Ottoman esedi accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1690, "latest_year": 1690, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1690" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1216" ], "source_ids": [ "S599", "S600", "S601" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH24-C1217-1704", "label": "Dated mint-account observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1704, "latest_year": 1704, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1704" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1217" ], "source_ids": [ "S599" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1282-1432", "label": "Ottoman akçe fiscal accounting; qualified same-unit continuation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1431, "latest_year": 1432, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1431–1432" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1282" ], "source_ids": [ "S636", "S637", "S557" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V24-002", "R-V24-004", "R-V30-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C577", "C1186", "C1187", "C1206", "C1208", "C1216", "C1217", "C1227", "C1282", "C1316", "C1317", "C1318", "C1319", "C1626", "C1757", "C1758", "C1759", "C1793", "C1807", "C1867", "C1868", "C1869", "C1870", "C1871", "C1872", "C1873", "C1876", "C1878", "C1879", "C1881", "C1882", "C1886", "C1887" ], "source_ids": [ "S311", "S555", "S556", "S557", "S601", "S599", "S611", "S612", "S600", "S636", "S637", "S908", "S907", "S979", "S983", "S984", "S985" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "TRY", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000374" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000480", "label": "Dutch lion-dollar trade account unit", "relationship_id": "R-V24-002", "kind": "account_unit_contribution", "date": { "earliest_year": 1690, "latest_year": 1690, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1690" }, "status": "qualified", "claim_ids": [ "C1206", "C1793", "C1881" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. Qualified akçe continuity reaches1431–1432fiscal accounts. Dutch lion-dollar influence is a later account contribution, not founding ancestry.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V24-002", "role": "contributing_public_account_conversion" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Ottoman and republican lira are grouped as one continuing account unit. The 1925 law replaced Ottoman paper with paper of the same amount and legal character. CBRT dates the Republic first issue to 5 December 1927. In 1844 silver kuruş and gold lira were convertible at 100:1. The 1927 note replacement is an instrument transition; this continuity assessment remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "By the mid-eighteenth century, Ottoman prices and state obligations were expressed in kuruş. Its association with the continuing lira profile is qualified through the retained kuruş–lira accounting structure; circa 1750 is an observation, not a birth date.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The esedi account unit reported in 1690 is associated with the continuing Ottoman kuruş/lira identity. Regular coin minting in 1719 and later lira-scale changes do not create separate currency nodes.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "An April–May 1704 mint account reckons output and profit in esedi kuruş, corroborating account use before regular kuruş coin production. Association with the continuing identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Akçe accounting is documented by 1525, and a 1704 mint order specifies 120 akçe per esedi kuruş. That ratio alone cannot decide whether akçe and kuruş require distinct currency identities or a same-unit scale history.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Under the project policy that rescaling and subdivision changes do not create currencies, the retained akçe account scale supports a qualified continuation within the Ottoman kuruş/lira profile. Extend the profile to 1431–1432 fiscal evidence; do not create a denomination-only akçe predecessor node.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The published 1431–1432 Arvanid register excerpt records estimated revenue of 531 akçe for Lagos village within Petro's timar. This is fiscal accounting evidence, not a mint-date proxy.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Sahillioğlu describes akçe becoming the third of a para and surviving as an account unit after the monetary focus shifted to kuruş and para. Pamuk describes the new kuruş scale as 120 akçe and the continuing use of its lower subdivisions.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Under the project policy that rescaling and subdivision changes do not create currencies, the retained akçe account scale supports a qualified continuation within the Ottoman kuruş/lira profile. Extend the profile to 1431–1432 fiscal evidence; do not create a denomination-only akçe predecessor node.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "With qualified akçe continuity admitted, the Dutch lion-dollar contribution around 1690 is a later account-unit contribution to an already existing Ottoman system, not the founding origin of that system.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Hejazi Saudi account system adapted Ottoman theoretical gold-piastre reckoning in 1928. The March 1936 finance instructions explicitly superseded that gold-piastre revenue unit with Saudi piastres, doubling stated revenue amounts. Direct contemporary account-unit lineage and later legal revenue conversion support regional ancestry. Do not generalize it to every currency circulating in Najd.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "İnalcık reports the Arvanid fiscal register assigning 25 akçe to married non-Muslim householders and 6 akçe to widows, with corresponding amounts retained in MehmedII’s code. Association with the modern currency profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Istanbul court records retain akçe account use as physical coin output recedes. Official bookkeeping increasingly uses a domestically managed kuruş of 120 akçe after 1690. Association with the modern currency profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Later fiscal codes continue akçe-denominated ispence: Mora 1716 and Gence 1727 supply dated account observations beyond the kuruş transition. Association with the modern currency profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Dutch esedi convention contributed to domestically managed Ottoman kuruş accounting; retain it as an external contribution to an existing Ottoman identity, not its founding parent. The new study confirms accounting influence but generic kuruş records cannot prove a universal Dutch-to-Ottoman obligation conversion.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "The same akçe scale remains documented in fiscal obligations after the kuruş emerges, supporting retained-denomination continuity rather than a coin-only bridge. Retain the existing 1431–1432 qualified extension and add supporting observation anchors.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Istanbul’s official price list denominated bread and meat prices in akçe, while gold pieces had a separate akçe exchange value. Association with the modern Ottoman/Turkish profile remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Sultani and ducat served large-sum accounting concurrently; akçe remained the basic unit for budgets, inventories and valuation of gold.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Kuruş became the dominant core account scale gradually; retained subdivisions were 40 para or 120 akçe. Mid-century dominance is not a founding date.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Silver kuruş and gold lira were legal tender, convertible at 100:1. Kuruş continued in daily accounting after later standard changes. Pamuk explicitly states that the 100 kuruş/lira currency unit was retained in the Republic.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The coin-unification law standardized 100 silver kuruş per gold lira for all purposes and removed pre 1844 coinage.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Articles 1,3 and 5 authorize replacement of existing Ottoman paper with the same amount and legal character, require exchange by treasuries and banks, and carry forward compulsory acceptance. This establishes an instrument replacement within the continuing unit.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The Republic’s first banknote issue implemented the replacement on 5 December 1927; this is not a new account-unit founding.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Serbia introduced local tax and market groš conventions in 1833, initially related 2:1 and divided into 40 and 20 tax para respectively. They belong in one local account profile under the no-scale-only-node policy.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The 1400 supplement to Murad I’s Bursa Kaplıca foundation deed assigns daily stipends expressed by its scholarly editor in akçe:12 to the teacher,1 per student and 2 to the elementary-school teacher. These are specified obligations, not merely circulating coins. The edition distinguishes this supplement from the 1385 deed. Association with the modern Ottoman/Turkish profile remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Murad II’s Bursa foundation deed dated 14 July 1430 specifies monetary salaries, called dirhem in its Arabic copy and akçe in its later Ottoman translation. The comparative edition supports a local akçe obligation anchor; original is not extant to the researcher and one stipend translation is erroneous. Association with the modern Ottoman/Turkish profile remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Retain Dutch esedi influence as a later contribution to an existing Ottoman system, not its founding parent. Foreign accounting influence is documented, but generic kuruş and payment/account overlap prevent a universal obligation-conversion claim.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Retain the canonical Ottoman/Turkish profile. Its 1844-to-Republic core account association is supported; the 1431–1432 extension stays qualified. Akçe, para, kuruş and lira are historical account scales under the project rescaling policy; do not insert a sequential sultani predecessor.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Explain the historical accounting scales separately from coin introductions. Gold accounting overlapped silver-based core accounts; neither all Ottoman provinces nor all gold obligations were the same scope.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS24-C1216-FTM000374-1690", "scope": "The esedi account unit reported in 1690 is associated with the continuing Ottoman kuruş/lira identity. Regular coin minting in 1719 and later lira-scale changes do not create separate currency nodes.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1690, "latest_year": 1690, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1690" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1216" ], "source_ids": [ "S599", "S600", "S601" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_transition", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS24-C1217-FTM000374-1704", "scope": "An April–May 1704 mint account reckons output and profit in esedi kuruş, corroborating account use before regular kuruş coin production. Association with the continuing identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1704, "latest_year": 1704, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1704" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1217" ], "source_ids": [ "S599" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_transition", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS25-C1282-FTM000374-1432", "scope": "Under the project policy that rescaling and subdivision changes do not create currencies, the retained akçe account scale supports a qualified continuation within the Ottoman kuruş/lira profile. Extend the profile to 1431–1432 fiscal evidence; do not create a denomination-only akçe predecessor node.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1431, "latest_year": 1432, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1431–1432" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1282" ], "source_ids": [ "S636", "S637", "S557" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1757-FTM000374-1432", "scope": "İnalcık reports the Arvanid fiscal register assigning 25 akçe to married non-Muslim householders and 6 akçe to widows, with corresponding amounts retained in MehmedII’s code. Association with the modern currency profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1432, "latest_year": 1432, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1432" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1757" ], "source_ids": [ "S908", "S636" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1758-FTM000374-1710", "scope": "Istanbul court records retain akçe account use as physical coin output recedes. Official bookkeeping increasingly uses a domestically managed kuruş of 120 akçe after 1690. Association with the modern currency profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1650, "latest_year": 1710, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1650–1710" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1758" ], "source_ids": [ "S907" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1759-FTM000374-1727", "scope": "Later fiscal codes continue akçe-denominated ispence: Mora 1716 and Gence 1727 supply dated account observations beyond the kuruş transition. Association with the modern currency profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1716, "latest_year": 1727, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1716–1727" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1759" ], "source_ids": [ "S908" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS30-C1867-FTM000374-1525", "scope": "Istanbul’s official price list denominated bread and meat prices in akçe, while gold pieces had a separate akçe exchange value. Association with the modern Ottoman/Turkish profile remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1525, "latest_year": 1525, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1525" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1867" ], "source_ids": [ "S557" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS30-C1870-FTM000374-1844", "scope": "Silver kuruş and gold lira were legal tender, convertible at 100:1. Kuruş continued in daily accounting after later standard changes. Pamuk explicitly states that the 100 kuruş/lira currency unit was retained in the Republic.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1844, "latest_year": 1844, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1844" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1870" ], "source_ids": [ "S557", "S979" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS30-C1871-FTM000374-1916", "scope": "The coin-unification law standardized 100 silver kuruş per gold lira for all purposes and removed pre 1844 coinage.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1916, "latest_year": 1916, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1916" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1871" ], "source_ids": [ "S557" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS30-C1872-FTM000374-1925", "scope": "Articles 1,3 and 5 authorize replacement of existing Ottoman paper with the same amount and legal character, require exchange by treasuries and banks, and carry forward compulsory acceptance. This establishes an instrument replacement within the continuing unit.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1925, "latest_year": 1925, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1925" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1872" ], "source_ids": [ "S555" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS30-C1873-FTM000374-1927", "scope": "The Republic’s first banknote issue implemented the replacement on 5 December 1927; this is not a new account-unit founding.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1927, "latest_year": 1927, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1927" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1873" ], "source_ids": [ "S556", "S555" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS30-C1878-FTM000374-1400", "scope": "The 1400 supplement to Murad I’s Bursa Kaplıca foundation deed assigns daily stipends expressed by its scholarly editor in akçe:12 to the teacher,1 per student and 2 to the elementary-school teacher. These are specified obligations, not merely circulating coins. The edition distinguishes this supplement from the 1385 deed. Association with the modern Ottoman/Turkish profile remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1400, "latest_year": 1400, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1400" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1878" ], "source_ids": [ "S984" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS30-C1879-FTM000374-1430", "scope": "Murad II’s Bursa foundation deed dated 14 July 1430 specifies monetary salaries, called dirhem in its Arabic copy and akçe in its later Ottoman translation. The comparative edition supports a local akçe obligation anchor; original is not extant to the researcher and one stipend translation is erroneous. Association with the modern Ottoman/Turkish profile remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1430, "latest_year": 1430, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1430" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1879" ], "source_ids": [ "S985" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000374", "label": "Turkish lira", "navigation_group": "Ottoman", "endpoint_codes": [ "TRY" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000256", "FTM000258", "FTM000302", "FTM000303", "FTM000304", "FTM000313", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C577", "C1186", "C1187", "C1206", "C1208", "C1216", "C1217", "C1227", "C1282", "C1316", "C1317", "C1318", "C1319", "C1626", "C1757", "C1758", "C1759", "C1793", "C1807", "C1867", "C1868", "C1869", "C1870", "C1871", "C1872", "C1873", "C1876", "C1878", "C1879", "C1881", "C1882", "C1886", "C1887" ], "source_ids": [ "S311", "S555", "S556", "S557", "S601", "S599", "S611", "S612", "S600", "S636", "S637", "S908", "S907", "S979", "S983", "S984", "S985" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V24-004", "R-V30-001" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000375", "label": "Egyptian pound", "aliases": [ "Egyptian pound", "Egyptian medin / para account unit" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000720", "label": "Egyptian Pound — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C546" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1189-1885", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1885, "latest_year": 1885, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1885" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1189" ], "source_ids": [ "S558" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1289-1798", "label": "Egyptian piastre and medin accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1792, "latest_year": 1798, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1792–1798" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1289" ], "source_ids": [ "S647" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1290-1834", "label": "Piastre-to-pound accounting scale", "date": { "earliest_year": 1834, "latest_year": 1834, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1834" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1290" ], "source_ids": [ "S649", "S648", "S558" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1291-1524", "label": "Qualified medin/para continuity", "date": { "earliest_year": 1524, "latest_year": 1524, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1524" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1291" ], "source_ids": [ "S557", "S647", "S648", "S649" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1188-1524", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1524, "latest_year": 1524, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1524" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1188" ], "source_ids": [ "S557" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-032", "R-V22-043", "R-V25-014", "R-V27-050" ], "claim_ids": [ "C546", "C1134", "C1145", "C1189", "C1229", "C1259", "C1289", "C1290", "C1291", "C1188", "C1230", "C1334", "C1335", "C1623", "C1625", "C1627", "C1708", "C1754", "C1755", "C1756", "C1806", "C1864", "C1865", "C1866", "C1880", "C1884", "C1885" ], "source_ids": [ "S280", "S98", "S256", "S289", "S558", "S613", "S667", "S647", "S649", "S648", "S557", "S764", "S765", "S766", "S189", "S877", "S906", "S978" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "EGP", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000375" ], "status": "earlier_continuity_only", "has_predecessor": false, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "Qualified local medin/para–piastre–pound continuity reaches1524. Earlier Mamluk identity and a distinct predecessor remain open; sterling tariffs do not establish GBP ancestry.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 14 November 1885 decree defines Egypt’s pound as 100 piastres and temporarily retains earlier silver at official tariff.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Alleaume identifies a Majlis-i Mülkiyye decree of 14 April 1836 establishing a bimetallic reform and tariff. The study also reproduces an 1834 tariff in paras. These milestones do not themselves establish the identity boundary between earlier Egyptian para accounting and the continuing pound.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Browne’s Egyptian observations of 1792–1798 describe public allocations in piastres and expenses in paras, also called medines. This is dated local accounting evidence, not a currency founding date.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 1834 reform retained a silver piastre divided into forty paras; the 1885 reform expressed the pound as one hundred piastres and changed the smaller subdivisions. Continuity of the nineteenth-century local account system is supported.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Egyptian medin/para accounting attested in 1524 is grouped with the later local piastre/pound identity as a qualified continuity inference. Late-eighteenth-century medin/para prices and nineteenth-century piastre subdivisions bridge the scales; unresolved regional details are not presented as a complete legal sequence.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Clot-Bey in 1840 describes the Egyptian piastre as forty paras and lists both older para/piastre issues and current larger piastre denominations within the same system.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Foreign sovereigns were valued in Egyptian piastres under official tariffs. Their circulation and later sterling alignment do not establish a British-pound origin for Egyptian accounting.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Libya’s Currency Law expressly converts existing Cyrenaican Egyptian-pound obligations into Libyan pounds; the 11 March 1952 announcement supplies 97.5 Egyptian piastres per Libyan pound. Regional limitation remains: this is the Cyrenaica predecessor, with separate Tripolitania and Fezzan parents.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The new Syrian-Lebanese currency replaced the Egyptian currency used under the postwar occupation. The common unit is documented from 1920 and formalized in the 1924 concession. Issuer authoritative history explicitly identifies replacement; no claim that a French-franc peg supplies the Egyptian ancestry.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Sudan replaced Egyptian currency with its own pound in 1957 at parity; the Currency Board exchanged Egyptian notes from 8 April to 7 July and subsequently coins, assuming the earlier government coin liability. Documented actual monetary replacement, not inference from a sterling peg. Exact cash windows do not define every obligation.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The Egyptian tribute target was stated as 30 million medins in 1631–1632. This is fiscal account evidence within the earlier medin/para profile. Association with the modern currency profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Mordecai Halevi’s debt ruling treats medin as the account measure for prices, wages and repayment; a medin-denominated loan remains nominal despite altered coin weight. The ruling date is reconstructed. Association with the modern currency profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Abraham Halevi distinguishes government accounts kept in medins from payments in gold or foreign silver, and adjudicates medin-denominated debts through a coin replacement. The ruling date is reconstructed. Association with the modern currency profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Debt adjudication fills the seventeenth-century gap in the existing medin/para–piastre–pound profile. Retain 1524 as qualified earliest association; add the dated fiscal and debt observations without making them currency births.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Egyptian documents used a fictive riyal of 90 paras for transactions and government accounts, expressly distinguishing it from circulating foreign coins.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The Egyptian piastre represented 40 paras; government accounts increasingly used piastres toward mid-century. The purse represented 20,000 paras or 500 piastres.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The 14 November 1885 decree expressly defines the Egyptian monetary unit as the pound, divided into 100 piastres, with 10 tenths per piastre. Earlier Egyptian silver remained receivable under its official tariff during withdrawal.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Egypt’s medin was restored as the local unit of account in 1524. The documented para–piastre–pound account sequence supports its inclusion in the continuing Egyptian profile.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Retain medin/para, piastre and pound within the existing Egyptian account identity. Cuno supplies the missing explicit documentary-account bridge from paras and 90-para riyals into piastre accounts; later pound reckoning retains the piastre as subdivision.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "No separate Egyptian-piastre node is needed solely because the principal account scale moved from para/piastre reckoning to pounds.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1289-FTM000375-1798", "scope": "Browne’s Egyptian observations of 1792–1798 describe public allocations in piastres and expenses in paras, also called medines. This is dated local accounting evidence, not a currency founding date.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1792, "latest_year": 1798, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1792–1798" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1289" ], "source_ids": [ "S647" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS25-C1290-FTM000375-1834", "scope": "The 1834 reform retained a silver piastre divided into forty paras; the 1885 reform expressed the pound as one hundred piastres and changed the smaller subdivisions. Continuity of the nineteenth-century local account system is supported.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1834, "latest_year": 1834, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1834" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1290" ], "source_ids": [ "S649", "S648", "S558" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS25-C1291-FTM000375-1524", "scope": "Egyptian medin/para accounting attested in 1524 is grouped with the later local piastre/pound identity as a qualified continuity inference. Late-eighteenth-century medin/para prices and nineteenth-century piastre subdivisions bridge the scales; unresolved regional details are not presented as a complete legal sequence.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1524, "latest_year": 1524, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1524" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1291" ], "source_ids": [ "S557", "S647", "S648", "S649" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "superseded_in": "revision_30", "supersession_reason": "Replaced by the supported revision 30 local continuity and 1524 observation." }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1754-FTM000375-1632", "scope": "The Egyptian tribute target was stated as 30 million medins in 1631–1632. This is fiscal account evidence within the earlier medin/para profile. Association with the modern currency profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1631, "latest_year": 1632, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1631–1632" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1754" ], "source_ids": [ "S906" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1755-FTM000375-1683", "scope": "Mordecai Halevi’s debt ruling treats medin as the account measure for prices, wages and repayment; a medin-denominated loan remains nominal despite altered coin weight. The ruling date is reconstructed. Association with the modern currency profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1673, "latest_year": 1683, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1673–1683", "qualification_note": "author-inferred range" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1755" ], "source_ids": [ "S906" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1756-FTM000375-1697", "scope": "Abraham Halevi distinguishes government accounts kept in medins from payments in gold or foreign silver, and adjudicates medin-denominated debts through a coin replacement. The ruling date is reconstructed. Association with the modern currency profile remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1691, "latest_year": 1697, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1691–1697", "qualification_note": "author-inferred range" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1756" ], "source_ids": [ "S906" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS30-C1864-FTM000375-1800", "scope": "Egyptian documents used a fictive riyal of 90 paras for transactions and government accounts, expressly distinguishing it from circulating foreign coins.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1775, "latest_year": 1800, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1775–1800" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1864" ], "source_ids": [ "S978" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS30-C1865-FTM000375-1850", "scope": "The Egyptian piastre represented 40 paras; government accounts increasingly used piastres toward mid-century. The purse represented 20,000 paras or 500 piastres.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1800, "latest_year": 1850, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1800–1850" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1865" ], "source_ids": [ "S978" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "date_is_research_envelope": true }, { "event_id": "OBS30-C1866-FTM000375-1885", "scope": "The 14 November 1885 decree expressly defines the Egyptian monetary unit as the pound, divided into 100 piastres, with 10 tenths per piastre. Earlier Egyptian silver remained receivable under its official tariff during withdrawal.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1885, "latest_year": 1885, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1885" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1866" ], "source_ids": [ "S558" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS30-C1880-FTM000375-1524", "scope": "Egypt’s medin was restored as the local unit of account in 1524. The documented para–piastre–pound account sequence supports its inclusion in the continuing Egyptian profile.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1524, "latest_year": 1524, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1524" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1880" ], "source_ids": [ "S906", "S978", "S558" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000375", "label": "Egyptian pound", "navigation_group": "Ottoman", "endpoint_codes": [ "EGP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000229", "FTM000230", "FTM000232", "FTM000378", "FTM000379", "FTM000381", "FTM000382" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C546", "C1134", "C1145", "C1189", "C1229", "C1259", "C1289", "C1290", "C1291", "C1188", "C1230", "C1334", "C1335", "C1623", "C1625", "C1627", "C1708", "C1754", "C1755", "C1756", "C1806", "C1864", "C1865", "C1866", "C1880", "C1884", "C1885" ], "source_ids": [ "S280", "S98", "S256", "S289", "S558", "S613", "S667", "S647", "S649", "S648", "S557", "S764", "S765", "S766", "S189", "S877", "S906", "S978" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-032", "R-V22-043", "R-V25-014", "R-V27-050" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000378", "label": "Sudanese pound", "aliases": [ "Sudanese pound" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000741", "label": "Sudanese Pound — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C567" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1302-2007", "label": "Pound account conversion", "date": { "earliest_year": 2007, "latest_year": 2007, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "2007-01-10", "iso_date": "2007-01-10" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1302" ], "source_ids": [ "S663" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-015", "R-V22-033" ], "claim_ids": [ "C567", "C1117", "C1135", "C1257", "C1302", "C1345" ], "source_ids": [ "S301", "S254", "S98", "S663", "S664", "S665" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SDG", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000378" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000377", "label": "Sudanese dinar", "relationship_id": "R-V22-033", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 2007, "latest_year": 2007, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "2007" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1135", "C1257" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. Earlier Sudan pound and dinar succession now connects through qualified1957Egyptian-pound local replacement. Exact1992–1999account conversion law remains open.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-033", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1302-FTM000378-2007", "scope": "Bank exchanges into the new pound began10January2007. The annual report restates deposits,loans and monetary accounts at100dinars per pound; banknote and coin withdrawal followed different later dates.", "date": { "earliest_year": 2007, "latest_year": 2007, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "2007-01-10", "iso_date": "2007-01-10" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1302" ], "source_ids": [ "S663" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Bank exchanges into the new pound began10January2007. The annual report restates deposits,loans and monetary accounts at100dinars per pound; banknote and coin withdrawal followed different later dates.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "100 SDD = 1 SDG. Principal Sudanese dinar to new Sudanese pound replacement, verified by converted deposits, credit and central-bank accounts.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000378", "label": "Sudanese pound", "navigation_group": "Ottoman", "endpoint_codes": [ "SDG" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000379" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C567", "C1117", "C1135", "C1257", "C1302", "C1345" ], "source_ids": [ "S301", "S254", "S98", "S663", "S664", "S665" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-015" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000379", "label": "South Sudanese pound", "aliases": [ "South Sudanese pound" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000693", "label": "South Sudanese Pound — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C519" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-015" ], "claim_ids": [ "C519", "C1117" ], "source_ids": [ "S254" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SSP", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000379" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000378", "label": "Sudanese pound", "relationship_id": "R-V22-015", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 2011, "latest_year": 2011, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "2011" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1117" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. Existing2011separation gains upstream Sudanese and Egyptian accounting ancestry. No direct EGP-to-SSP shortcut is asserted.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-015", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000379", "label": "South Sudanese pound", "navigation_group": "Ottoman", "endpoint_codes": [ "SSP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C519", "C1117" ], "source_ids": [ "S254" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000381", "label": "Syrian pound", "aliases": [ "New Syrian pound", "Syrian pound" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000750", "label": "Syrian Pound — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C576" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-042", "R-V22-043" ], "claim_ids": [ "C576", "C1144", "C1145", "C1624", "C1625" ], "source_ids": [ "S310", "S289", "S766" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SYP", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000381" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000375", "label": "Egyptian pound", "relationship_id": "R-V22-043", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1920, "latest_year": 1924, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1920–1924" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1145", "C1625" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-043", "role": "regional_branch" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000381", "label": "Syrian pound", "navigation_group": "Ottoman", "endpoint_codes": [ "SYP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000382" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C576", "C1144", "C1145", "C1624", "C1625" ], "source_ids": [ "S310", "S289", "S766" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-042" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Lebanon’s pound branches from the common Syrian-Lebanese monetary unit: the 1937 agreement separated currencies, while 1948 agreements and withdrawal ended their effective interchangeability. The broad interval distinguishes legal institutional separation from operational monetary separation; it is not merely two note designs.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The new Syrian-Lebanese currency replaced the Egyptian currency used under the postwar occupation. The common unit is documented from 1920 and formalized in the 1924 concession. Issuer authoritative history explicitly identifies replacement; no claim that a French-franc peg supplies the Egyptian ancestry.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000382", "label": "Lebanese pound", "aliases": [ "Lebanese pound" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000729", "label": "Lebanese Pound — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C555" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-042" ], "claim_ids": [ "C555", "C1144", "C1624" ], "source_ids": [ "S289", "S766" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "LBP", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000382" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000381", "label": "Syrian pound", "relationship_id": "R-V22-042", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1937, "latest_year": 1948, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1937–1948" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1144", "C1624" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-042", "role": "regional_branch" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000382", "label": "Lebanese pound", "navigation_group": "Ottoman", "endpoint_codes": [ "LBP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C555", "C1144", "C1624" ], "source_ids": [ "S289", "S766" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Lebanon’s pound branches from the common Syrian-Lebanese monetary unit: the 1937 agreement separated currencies, while 1948 agreements and withdrawal ended their effective interchangeability. The broad interval distinguishes legal institutional separation from operational monetary separation; it is not merely two note designs.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000383", "label": "Thai baht", "aliases": [ "Thai baht" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000737", "label": "Baht — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C563" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH22-C1157", "label": "Tical / baht naming continuity", "date": { "earliest_year": 1928, "latest_year": 1928, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1928" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1157" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1196-1856", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1856, "latest_year": 1856, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1856" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1196" ], "source_ids": [ "S578" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH24-C1214-1688", "label": "Siamese baht/tical tribute accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1687, "latest_year": 1688, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1687–1688" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1214" ], "source_ids": [ "S590" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1261-1536", "label": "Thai baht", "date": { "earliest_year": 1536, "latest_year": 1536, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1536" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1261" ], "source_ids": [ "S614" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C563", "C1157", "C1196", "C1214", "C1261", "C1748", "C1749", "C2056" ], "source_ids": [ "S297", "S541", "S578", "S590", "S614", "S897", "S898", "S1077" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The contemporary survey of Siam’s 1928 law says the silver tical remained unlimited legal tender under the name baht. A naming and standard change is retained as profile continuity, not a separate ancestral currency.", "report_url": "/revision-22/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 1856 Anglo-Siamese agreement reckoned duties and fees in ticals and salungs, documenting the earlier baht/tical account unit. 1826 duty is reported retrospectively; 1856 is direct dated observation. Same-unit extension, not tical→baht replacement.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "La Loubère records tribute obligations in ticals and identifies Baat as the Siamese name for the tical. Association with the continuing baht is qualified across the intervening centuries; alternative names and foreign exchange comparisons create no separate parent.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The1536 Vat Khema inscription records a six-tical silk purchase, providing a dated monetary-price anchor earlier than the1687–88 embassy observation. Assigning the local Sukhothai-region tical to the broader Thai baht continuity is qualified; the translation establishes a price unit, while exact regional metrological and legal continuity through later centuries remains incomplete. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The Three Seals Code compiled in1805 contains monetary body-price schedules explicitly stated in baht and tamlueng and used to calculate death compensation. Original baht entries provide a legal account-unit anchor for the continuing Thai baht, earlier than the1856 treaty observation. The age of underlying Ayutthaya clauses remains uncertain.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The Siam commercial agreement ratified17January1827 assessed Bangkok vessel duties at1700 or1500 ticals per Siamese fathom of breadth. This is a dated fiscal obligation in the continuing tical/baht account unit. The1856 agreement references the earlier1700-tical duty.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Borrowed subdivisions and unresolved succession", "text": "Aymonier attributes ten-tiền ligature subdivision to Annamese imitation. This establishes limited accounting influence, not ancestry of the whole Cambodian bat account. Thai derivation and piastre absorption remain unverified.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "THB", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000383" ], "status": "earlier_continuity_only", "has_predecessor": false, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "Qualified tical/baht continuity reaches the1536VatKhema purchase inscription. Earlier dated local contracts and regional grouping remain open.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS24-C1214-FTM000383-1688", "scope": "La Loubère records tribute obligations in ticals and identifies Baat as the Siamese name for the tical. Association with the continuing baht is qualified across the intervening centuries; alternative names and foreign exchange comparisons create no separate parent.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1687, "latest_year": 1688, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1687–1688" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1214" ], "source_ids": [ "S590" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_transition", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS25-C1261-FTM000383-1536", "scope": "The1536 Vat Khema inscription records a six-tical silk purchase, providing a dated monetary-price anchor earlier than the1687–88 embassy observation. Assigning the local Sukhothai-region tical to the broader Thai baht continuity is qualified; the translation establishes a price unit, while exact regional metrological and legal continuity through later centuries remains incomplete. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1536, "latest_year": 1536, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1536" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1261" ], "source_ids": [ "S614" ], "anchor_role": "dated_account_payment_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1748-FTM000383-1805", "scope": "The Three Seals Code compiled in1805 contains monetary body-price schedules explicitly stated in baht and tamlueng and used to calculate death compensation. Original baht entries provide a legal account-unit anchor for the continuing Thai baht, earlier than the1856 treaty observation. The age of underlying Ayutthaya clauses remains uncertain.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1805, "latest_year": 1805, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1805" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1748" ], "source_ids": [ "S897" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1749-FTM000383-1827", "scope": "The Siam commercial agreement ratified17January1827 assessed Bangkok vessel duties at1700 or1500 ticals per Siamese fathom of breadth. This is a dated fiscal obligation in the continuing tical/baht account unit. The1856 agreement references the earlier1700-tical duty.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1827, "latest_year": 1827, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1827" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1749" ], "source_ids": [ "S898" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000383", "label": "Thai baht", "navigation_group": "Southeast Asian histories", "endpoint_codes": [ "THB" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C563", "C1157", "C1196", "C1214", "C1261", "C1748", "C1749", "C2056" ], "source_ids": [ "S297", "S541", "S578", "S590", "S614", "S897", "S898", "S1077" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000384", "label": "Nepalese rupee", "aliases": [ "Nepalese rupee" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000700", "label": "Nepalese Rupee — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C526" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1195-1807", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1807, "latest_year": 1807, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1807" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1195" ], "source_ids": [ "S575", "S576", "S577" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1195-1945", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1945, "latest_year": 1945, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1945" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1195" ], "source_ids": [ "S575", "S576", "S577" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH24-C1213-1908", "label": "National accounting consolidation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1901, "latest_year": 1908, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1901–1908" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1213" ], "source_ids": [ "S577" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V24-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C526", "C1195", "C1205", "C1213", "C1612", "C1762", "C1763" ], "source_ids": [ "S261", "S575", "S576", "S577", "S911", "S912" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "NPR", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000384" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "CUR-V24-NPL-PAISA16", "label": "Nepalese 16-ganda paisa rupee", "relationship_id": "R-V24-001", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1901, "latest_year": 1908, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1901–1908" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1205", "C1612" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V24-001", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Nepal’s rupee was already an account unit in an 1807 royal endowment. The nineteenth-century mohar rupee was reckoned as two silver mohars; 1945 paper currency exchanged at par with mohar-rupee coins. Earlier 1807 and 1945 observations firm; long-span continuity qualified. Do not add a 1932 mohar→rupee edge based on coin catalogue labels. Distinct paisa-rupee and Gorakhpuri-rupee accounts remain candidate branches.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Nepal’s rupee was already an account unit in an 1807 royal endowment. The nineteenth-century mohar rupee was reckoned as two silver mohars; 1945 paper currency exchanged at par with mohar-rupee coins. Earlier 1807 and 1945 observations firm; long-span continuity qualified. Do not add a 1932 mohar→rupee edge based on coin catalogue labels. Distinct paisa-rupee and Gorakhpuri-rupee accounts remain candidate branches.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 1908 reform retrospective reports the abolition of several local ganda reckonings and nationwide use of the standardized mohar rupee. The report supplies a reform interval, not a founding date.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The concurrent16-ganda paisa-rupee account was abolished during the reported nationwide consolidation into mohar-rupee accounting. Bounded reporting envelope, not an exact decree date.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Royal directives dated6April1806 set an annual25-rupee assessment per kheta of specified uncultivated land and demand mortgage amounts in rupees. The local rupee account is explicit; assignment to the later unified Nepalese identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A royal regulation names the mohar rupee and commands moneychangers to exchange copper coins at prescribed rates, enforceable in the Adalat. This strengthens the named-unit chronology but is exchange evidence rather than a new accounting or founding anchor.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS24-C1213-FTM000384-1908", "scope": "The 1908 reform retrospective reports the abolition of several local ganda reckonings and nationwide use of the standardized mohar rupee. The report supplies a reform interval, not a founding date.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1901, "latest_year": 1908, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1901–1908" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1213" ], "source_ids": [ "S577" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_transition", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1762-FTM000384-1806", "scope": "Royal directives dated6April1806 set an annual25-rupee assessment per kheta of specified uncultivated land and demand mortgage amounts in rupees. The local rupee account is explicit; assignment to the later unified Nepalese identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1806, "latest_year": 1806, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1806" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1762" ], "source_ids": [ "S911" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000384", "label": "Nepalese rupee", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [ "NPR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C526", "C1195", "C1205", "C1213", "C1612", "C1762", "C1763" ], "source_ids": [ "S261", "S575", "S576", "S577", "S911", "S912" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000385", "label": "Iranian rial", "aliases": [ "Iranian rial" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000739", "label": "Iranian Rial — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C565" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-014" ], "claim_ids": [ "C565", "C1116" ], "source_ids": [ "S299" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "IRR", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000385" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000031", "label": "Persian toman–dinar accounting — Ilkhanid and later traditions", "relationship_id": "R-V22-014", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1931, "latest_year": 1932, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1931–1932" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1116" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-014", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000385", "label": "Iranian rial", "navigation_group": "Iranian histories", "endpoint_codes": [ "IRR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C565", "C1116" ], "source_ids": [ "S299" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000386", "label": "European Currency Unit (ECU)", "aliases": [ "European Currency Unit (ECU)" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000786", "label": "European Currency Unit (ECU)", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C642", "C651", "C654", "C655", "C656" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-009", "R-V26-010" ], "claim_ids": [ "C642", "C651", "C654", "C655", "C656", "C1427", "C1428", "C1440" ], "source_ids": [ "S346", "S352", "S354", "S355", "S356", "S717" ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1999, "assertion": "Official ECU legal-account references converted to euro; undefined contractual references retain the recorded legal qualification.", "locator": "ECB annex §1; retained C642", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S717", "S346" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1440" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000386", "label": "European Currency Unit (ECU)", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1999, "assertion": "Official ECU legal-account references converted to euro; undefined contractual references retain the recorded legal qualification.", "locator": "ECB annex §1; retained C642", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S717", "S346" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1440" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C642", "C651", "C654", "C655", "C656", "C1427", "C1428", "C1440" ], "source_ids": [ "S346", "S352", "S354", "S355", "S356", "S717" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-009" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000387", "label": "Euro — converging national replacements", "aliases": [ "Euro — converging national replacements" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000785", "label": "Euro — converging national replacements", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C642", "C643", "C644", "C645", "C646", "C647", "C648", "C649", "C650", "C657", "C658", "C659", "C660", "C661", "C662", "C663", "C664", "C665", "C666", "C667", "C668", "C669", "C670", "C671", "C672", "C673", "C674", "C675", "C676", "C677", "C678", "C679", "C680", "C681", "C682", "C683", "C684", "C685", "C686", "C687", "C688", "C689", "C690", "C691", "C692", "C693", "C694", "C695", "C696", "C697", "C698", "C699", "C700", "C701", "C702", "C703", "C704", "C705", "C706" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0158", "R0159", "R0160", "R0161", "R0162", "R0163", "R0164", "R0165", "R0166", "R0167", "R0168", "R0169", "R0170", "R0171", "R0172", "R0173", "R0174", "R0175", "R0176", "R0177", "R0178", "R-V26-009" ], "claim_ids": [ "C642", "C643", "C644", "C645", "C646", "C647", "C648", "C649", "C650", "C657", "C658", "C659", "C660", "C661", "C662", "C663", "C664", "C665", "C666", "C667", "C668", "C669", "C670", "C671", "C672", "C673", "C674", "C675", "C676", "C677", "C678", "C679", "C680", "C681", "C682", "C683", "C684", "C685", "C686", "C687", "C688", "C689", "C690", "C691", "C692", "C693", "C694", "C695", "C696", "C697", "C698", "C699", "C700", "C701", "C702", "C703", "C704", "C705", "C706", "C738", "C739", "C754", "C755", "C756", "C775", "C790", "C791", "C1427", "C1967", "C1968", "C1969" ], "source_ids": [ "S267", "S346", "S347", "S348", "S349", "S350", "S351", "S357", "S358", "S359", "S377", "S378", "S381", "S385", "S387", "S717" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "EUR", "currency_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000323", "label": "Austrian schilling — postwar currency", "relationship_id": "R0158", "kind": "national_currency_converges_into_euro", "date": { "earliest_year": 1999, "latest_year": 1999, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "1999-01-01", "original_text": "1999-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C662", "C663", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000246", "label": "Belgian franc", "relationship_id": "R0159", "kind": "national_currency_converges_into_euro", "date": { "earliest_year": 1999, "latest_year": 1999, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "1999-01-01", "original_text": "1999-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C664", "C665", "C646", "C790" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000312", "label": "Deutsche Mark", "relationship_id": "R0160", "kind": "national_currency_converges_into_euro", "date": { "earliest_year": 1999, "latest_year": 1999, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "1999-01-01", "original_text": "1999-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C666", "C667", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000166", "label": "Spanish peseta", "relationship_id": "R0161", "kind": "national_currency_converges_into_euro", "date": { "earliest_year": 1999, "latest_year": 1999, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "1999-01-01", "original_text": "1999-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C668", "C669", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000791", "label": "Finnish markka — 1860 to euro continuity", "relationship_id": "R0162", "kind": "national_currency_converges_into_euro", "date": { "earliest_year": 1999, "latest_year": 1999, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "1999-01-01", "original_text": "1999-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C670", "C671", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000175", "label": "French franc — 1795 to euro conversion", "relationship_id": "R0163", "kind": "national_currency_converges_into_euro", "date": { "earliest_year": 1999, "latest_year": 1999, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "1999-01-01", "original_text": "1999-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C672", "C673", "C646", "C738" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000793", "label": "Irish pound — modern currency", "relationship_id": "R0164", "kind": "national_currency_converges_into_euro", "date": { "earliest_year": 1999, "latest_year": 1999, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "1999-01-01", "original_text": "1999-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C674", "C675", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000247", "label": "Italian lira", "relationship_id": "R0165", "kind": "national_currency_converges_into_euro", "date": { "earliest_year": 1999, "latest_year": 1999, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "1999-01-01", "original_text": "1999-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C676", "C677", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000795", "label": "Luxembourg franc", "relationship_id": "R0166", "kind": "national_currency_converges_into_euro", "date": { "earliest_year": 1999, "latest_year": 1999, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "1999-01-01", "original_text": "1999-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C678", "C679", "C646", "C791" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000337", "label": "Dutch guilder (euro predecessor)", "relationship_id": "R0167", "kind": "national_currency_converges_into_euro", "date": { "earliest_year": 1999, "latest_year": 1999, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "1999-01-01", "original_text": "1999-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C680", "C681", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000152", "label": "Portuguese escudo", "relationship_id": "R0168", "kind": "national_currency_converges_into_euro", "date": { "earliest_year": 1999, "latest_year": 1999, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "1999-01-01", "original_text": "1999-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C682", "C683", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000798", "label": "Modern Greek drachma — 1833 to euro continuity", "relationship_id": "R0169", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 2001, "latest_year": 2001, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "2001-01-01", "original_text": "2001-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C684", "C685", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000799", "label": "Slovenian tolar", "relationship_id": "R0170", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 2007, "latest_year": 2007, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "2007-01-01", "original_text": "2007-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C686", "C687", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000800", "label": "Cypriot pound", "relationship_id": "R0171", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 2008, "latest_year": 2008, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "2008-01-01", "original_text": "2008-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C688", "C689", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000801", "label": "Maltese pound / lira", "relationship_id": "R0172", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 2008, "latest_year": 2008, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "2008-01-01", "original_text": "2008-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C690", "C691", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000802", "label": "Slovak koruna — 1993 currency", "relationship_id": "R0173", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 2009, "latest_year": 2009, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "2009-01-01", "original_text": "2009-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C692", "C693", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000803", "label": "Estonian kroon — restored 1992 currency", "relationship_id": "R0174", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 2011, "latest_year": 2011, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "2011-01-01", "original_text": "2011-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C694", "C695", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000804", "label": "Latvian lats — restored 1993 currency", "relationship_id": "R0175", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 2014, "latest_year": 2014, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "2014-01-01", "original_text": "2014-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C696", "C697", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000805", "label": "Lithuanian litas — restored 1993 currency", "relationship_id": "R0176", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 2015, "latest_year": 2015, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "2015-01-01", "original_text": "2015-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C698", "C699", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000806", "label": "Croatian kuna — 1994 currency", "relationship_id": "R0177", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 2023, "latest_year": 2023, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "2023-01-01", "original_text": "2023-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C700", "C701", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000807", "label": "Bulgarian lev", "relationship_id": "R0178", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 2026, "latest_year": 2026, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "iso_date": "2026-01-01", "original_text": "2026-01-01" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C702", "C703", "C646" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000386", "label": "European Currency Unit (ECU)", "relationship_id": "R-V26-009", "kind": "account_unit_consolidation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1999, "latest_year": 1999, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1999" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1427" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0158", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R0159", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R0160", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R0161", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R0162", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R0163", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R0164", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R0165", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R0166", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R0167", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R0168", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R0169", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R0170", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R0171", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R0172", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R0173", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R0174", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R0175", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R0176", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R0177", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R0178", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R-V26-009", "role": "unification_input" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000387", "label": "Euro — converging national replacements", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [ "EUR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C642", "C643", "C644", "C645", "C646", "C647", "C648", "C649", "C650", "C657", "C658", "C659", "C660", "C661", "C662", "C663", "C664", "C665", "C666", "C667", "C668", "C669", "C670", "C671", "C672", "C673", "C674", "C675", "C676", "C677", "C678", "C679", "C680", "C681", "C682", "C683", "C684", "C685", "C686", "C687", "C688", "C689", "C690", "C691", "C692", "C693", "C694", "C695", "C696", "C697", "C698", "C699", "C700", "C701", "C702", "C703", "C704", "C705", "C706", "C738", "C739", "C754", "C755", "C756", "C775", "C790", "C791", "C1427" ], "source_ids": [ "S267", "S346", "S347", "S348", "S349", "S350", "S351", "S357", "S358", "S359", "S377", "S378", "S381", "S385", "S387", "S717" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "adopted_basis_relationship_ids": [ "SP-V32-007", "SP-V32-008", "SP-V32-009" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000117", "label": "Japanese yen", "aliases": [ "Japanese yen", "Taiwanese yen" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000117", "label": "Japanese yen", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C02" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1266-1899", "label": "Taiwanese yen", "date": { "earliest_year": 1899, "latest_year": 1899, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1899" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1266" ], "source_ids": [ "S615" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0011", "R-V22-039", "R-V27-027" ], "claim_ids": [ "C02", "C54", "C57", "C59", "C60", "C61", "C62", "C63", "C64", "C65", "C66", "C67", "C68", "C69", "C167", "C1418", "C1685", "C1141", "C1266", "C1559" ], "source_ids": [ "S05", "S06", "S08", "S31", "S32", "S33", "S34", "S82", "S695", "S809", "S844", "S843", "S849", "S850", "S851", "S543", "S615", "S827", "S541", "S828" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "JPY", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000117" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000410", "label": "Japanese ryō", "relationship_id": "R0011", "kind": "replaced_by", "date": { "earliest_year": 1871, "latest_year": 1871, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1871" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C54" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0011", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1418-T-FTM000117-1873", "scope": "Mitsui Kyoto moneychanger accounts switched fully from ryo to yen in March–April1873, after earlier yen instruments had still been settled in ryo. This supplies an actual ledger transition supporting existing ryo→yen succession.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1873, "latest_year": 1873, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1873" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1418" ], "source_ids": [ "S695" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS25-C1266-CUR-V22-TAIWAN-YEN-1899", "scope": "Taiwan's existing yen identity is attested by circulating Bank of Taiwan notes denominated in yuan/yen in1899. This is a denomination/circulation observation, not an independently inspected1899ledger or proof of its precise founding date. A parent edge from Japan or earlier silver-dollar units remains open.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1899, "latest_year": 1899, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1899" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1266" ], "source_ids": [ "S615" ], "anchor_role": "dated_denominated_currency_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Mitsui Kyoto moneychanger accounts switched fully from ryo to yen in March–April1873, after earlier yen instruments had still been settled in ryo. This supplies an actual ledger transition supporting existing ryo→yen succession.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Taiwan's existing yen identity is attested by circulating Bank of Taiwan notes denominated in yuan/yen in1899. This is a denomination/circulation observation, not an independently inspected1899ledger or proof of its precise founding date. A parent edge from Japan or earlier silver-dollar units remains open.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Merge issuer-defined Taiwan yen profile into Japanese yen for the established common-unit period. Contemporary1933–1934report expressly identifies the same monetary unit;1933USsurvey confirms Japanese currency law. Preserve1898–1904silver dealings as held regional accounting scope, not an automatic founding date of this merged unit.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000117", "label": "Japanese yen", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [ "JPY" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000121", "FTM000122", "T-FTM000462" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C02", "C54", "C57", "C59", "C60", "C61", "C62", "C63", "C64", "C65", "C66", "C67", "C68", "C69", "C167", "C1418", "C1685", "C1141", "C1266", "C1559" ], "source_ids": [ "S05", "S06", "S08", "S31", "S32", "S33", "S34", "S82", "S695", "S809", "S844", "S843", "S849", "S850", "S851", "S543", "S615", "S827", "S541", "S828" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-039", "R-V27-027" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000410", "label": "Japanese ryō", "aliases": [ "Gold ryo accounting unit" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000410", "label": "Gold ryo accounting unit", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C14" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1262-1699", "label": "Japanese ryo", "date": { "earliest_year": 1600, "latest_year": 1699, "precision": "century", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1600–1699" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1262" ], "source_ids": [ "S06" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1263-1599", "label": "Japanese ryo", "date": { "earliest_year": 1550, "latest_year": 1599, "precision": "half-century", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1550–1599" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1263" ], "source_ids": [ "S06" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000631", "label": "Koshu gold issues and ryo–bu–shu reckoning", "record_types": [ "coin_type" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C353" ], "source_ids": [ "S06" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0011", "R-V26-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C14", "C25", "C26", "C27", "C53", "C54", "C353", "C355", "C359", "C1262", "C1263", "C1417", "C1419", "C2015" ], "source_ids": [ "S05", "S06", "S08", "S18", "S32", "S182", "S695", "S1047" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1262-T-FTM000410-1699", "scope": "The17th-century Japanese monetary system reckoned gold values in ryo, independently from silver monme and copper mon. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1600, "latest_year": 1699, "precision": "century", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1600–1699" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1262" ], "source_ids": [ "S06" ], "anchor_role": "dated_account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS25-C1263-T-FTM000410-1599", "scope": "Later16th-century Koshu gold used ryo/bu/shu units that the Bank of Japan identifies as continuing into Edo gold reckoning. Regional-to-general continuity is explicit but the observed evidence is denomination and large-transaction use, less direct than a surviving dated account. Optional earlier anchor; retain17th-century firm observation independently. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1550, "latest_year": 1599, "precision": "half-century", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1550–1599" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1263" ], "source_ids": [ "S06" ], "anchor_role": "earlier_same_unit_usage", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1417-T-FTM000410-1873", "scope": "Mitsui Kyoto moneychanger accounts switched fully from ryo to yen in March–April1873, after earlier yen instruments had still been settled in ryo. This supplies an actual ledger transition supporting existing ryo→yen succession.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1873, "latest_year": 1873, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1873" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1417" ], "source_ids": [ "S695" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The17th-century Japanese monetary system reckoned gold values in ryo, independently from silver monme and copper mon. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Later16th-century Koshu gold used ryo/bu/shu units that the Bank of Japan identifies as continuing into Edo gold reckoning. Regional-to-general continuity is explicit but the observed evidence is denomination and large-transaction use, less direct than a surviving dated account. Optional earlier anchor; retain17th-century firm observation independently. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Mitsui Kyoto moneychanger accounts switched fully from ryo to yen in March–April1873, after earlier yen instruments had still been settled in ryo. This supplies an actual ledger transition supporting existing ryo→yen succession.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Japanese account boundaries", "text": "The museum distinguishes Chinese coin models, medieval one-coin/one-mon reckoning, and independent Edo gold, silver and copper values. This does not by itself establish Tang-account to Japanese-mon ancestry or merge mon, ryō and silver monme.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000410", "label": "Japanese ryō", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000121", "FTM000122", "T-FTM000117", "T-FTM000462" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C14", "C25", "C26", "C27", "C53", "C54", "C353", "C355", "C359", "C1262", "C1263", "C1417", "C1419", "C2015" ], "source_ids": [ "S05", "S06", "S08", "S18", "S32", "S182", "S695", "S1047" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0011" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000412", "label": "Japanese mon", "aliases": [ "Copper mon accounting unit" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000412", "label": "Copper mon accounting unit", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C16" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1264-1525", "label": "Japanese mon", "date": { "earliest_year": 1300, "latest_year": 1525, "precision": "approximate range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1300–1525" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1264" ], "source_ids": [ "S06" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1265-1299", "label": "Japanese mon", "date": { "earliest_year": 1150, "latest_year": 1299, "precision": "approximate range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1150–1299" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1265" ], "source_ids": [ "S06" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C16", "C25", "C26", "C354", "C359", "C1264", "C1265", "C1420", "C1835", "C1836", "C1837", "C2015" ], "source_ids": [ "S05", "S06", "S182", "S695", "S952", "S1047" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1264-T-FTM000412-1525", "scope": "Early14th–early16th-century saifu transfer/payment bills commonly expressed10kanmon, providing an accounting observation for the existing mon identity. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1300, "latest_year": 1525, "precision": "approximate range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1300–1525" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1264" ], "source_ids": [ "S06" ], "anchor_role": "dated_account_transfer_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS25-C1265-T-FTM000412-1299", "scope": "Imported Chinese coins were locally reckoned at one mon each from the mid12thcentury; tax payments in coins spread in the13thcentury. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1150, "latest_year": 1299, "precision": "approximate range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1150–1299" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1265" ], "source_ids": [ "S06" ], "anchor_role": "earlier_local_currency_reckoning", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1835-T-FTM000412-733", "scope": "A dated Heijo wooden loan register totals62 mon. The loan account is firm; placement in the existing later Japanese mon profile is qualified across the medieval transition.", "date": { "earliest_year": 733, "latest_year": 733, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "733" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1835" ], "source_ids": [ "S952" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1836-T-FTM000412-750", "scope": "Shosoin loan documents stipulate400 mon and1kan600mon debts. Firm ancient accounting; association with the later mon continuity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 750, "latest_year": 750, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "750" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1836" ], "source_ids": [ "S952" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1837-T-FTM000412-966", "scope": "Prince Kiyotane’s letter records160kan borrowed toward a house price of350kan. This documents cash accounting after minting ceased; later medieval continuity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 966, "latest_year": 966, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "966" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1837" ], "source_ids": [ "S952" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Early14th–early16th-century saifu transfer/payment bills commonly expressed10kanmon, providing an accounting observation for the existing mon identity. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Imported Chinese coins were locally reckoned at one mon each from the mid12thcentury; tax payments in coins spread in the13thcentury. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A dated Heijo wooden loan register totals62 mon. The loan account is firm; placement in the existing later Japanese mon profile is qualified across the medieval transition.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Shosoin loan documents stipulate400 mon and1kan600mon debts. Firm ancient accounting; association with the later mon continuity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Prince Kiyotane’s letter records160kan borrowed toward a house price of350kan. This documents cash accounting after minting ceased; later medieval continuity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Japanese account boundaries", "text": "The museum distinguishes Chinese coin models, medieval one-coin/one-mon reckoning, and independent Edo gold, silver and copper values. This does not by itself establish Tang-account to Japanese-mon ancestry or merge mon, ryō and silver monme.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000412", "label": "Japanese mon", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C16", "C25", "C26", "C354", "C359", "C1264", "C1265", "C1420", "C1835", "C1836", "C1837", "C2015" ], "source_ids": [ "S05", "S06", "S182", "S695", "S952", "S1047" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000456", "label": "Chinese yuan — late Qing and ROC mainland continuity", "aliases": [ "Gold yuan", "1949 silver-yuan reform", "Fabi", "Chinese yanchaan accounting in Mongolia", "Republic of China yuan — mainland continuity", "Chinese yuan — late Qing and ROC mainland continuity" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000456", "label": "Fabi", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C109", "C110" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000457", "label": "Gold yuan", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C110", "C111" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000458", "label": "1949 silver-yuan reform", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C111", "C112" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH35-C2006", "label": "Earlier national yuan witness", "date": { "earliest_year": 1910, "latest_year": 1910, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1910" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2006" ], "source_ids": [ "S1045" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0023", "parent": "T-FTM000456", "child": "T-FTM000457", "kind": "redenominated_as", "layer": "primary", "claim_ids": [ "C110" ], "source": "canonical research", "date": { "earliest_year": 1948, "latest_year": 1948, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1948" }, "scope": "Official August 1948 reform; separate from market depreciation.", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_ids": [ "V0009" ], "valuation_policy": "Pair matching is context only. Check date, jurisdiction, denomination and review qualifications before applying any rate.", "original_parent": "T-FTM000456", "original_child": "T-FTM000457", "currency_id": "T-FTM000456", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0024", "parent": "T-FTM000457", "child": "T-FTM000458", "kind": "replaced_by", "layer": "primary", "claim_ids": [ "C111" ], "source": "canonical research", "date": { "earliest_year": 1949, "latest_year": 1949, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1949" }, "scope": "Nationalist July reform sequence; no territory-wide adoption or ratio inferred.", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_ids": [], "valuation_policy": "Pair matching is context only. Check date, jurisdiction, denomination and review qualifications before applying any rate.", "original_parent": "T-FTM000457", "original_child": "T-FTM000458", "currency_id": "T-FTM000456", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-037", "R-V26-003", "R-V27-040", "R-V27-041", "R-V35-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C110", "C111", "C112", "C109", "C126", "C1421", "C1476", "C1526", "C1698", "C1699", "C1139", "C1615", "C1746", "C1747", "C1804", "C2005", "C2006", "C2011" ], "source_ids": [ "S50", "S51", "S60", "S541", "S697", "S744", "S709", "S308", "S866", "S867", "S868", "S895", "S896", "S1045", "S1044" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000456", "label": "Chinese yuan — late Qing and ROC mainland continuity", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000350", "T-FTM000459" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C110", "C111", "C112", "C109", "C126", "C1421", "C1476", "C1526", "C1698", "C1699", "C1139", "C1615", "C1746", "C1747", "C1804", "C2005", "C2006", "C2011" ], "source_ids": [ "S50", "S51", "S60", "S541", "S697", "S744", "S709", "S308", "S866", "S867", "S868", "S895", "S896", "S1045", "S1044" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-037", "R-V27-040", "R-V27-041" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1476-T-FTM000456-1949", "scope": "Shanghai actually redeemed ROC gold-yuan instruments for first-series RMB during28May–5June1949 at100000:1. This scoped redemption does not establish nationwide account termination.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1949, "latest_year": 1949, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1949" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1476" ], "source_ids": [ "S744" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1526-T-FTM000456-1927", "scope": "Chinese silver yuan, called yanchaan locally, denominated Mongolian treasury and enterprise accounts before togrog replacement. Contemporary proclamation explicitly identifies Chinese silver yuan as preceding money.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1925, "latest_year": 1927, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1925–1927" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1526" ], "source_ids": [ "S709", "S308" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1746-T-FTM000456-1912", "scope": "The Nanjing provisional government military public loan was denominated as100million yuan in1912, with subscriptions and sale handled by Bank of China. This establishes early Republican yuan obligations within the existing mainland yuan continuity profile; it does not establish a new unit or nationwide exclusive use.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1912, "latest_year": 1912, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1912" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1746" ], "source_ids": [ "S895" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1747-T-FTM000456-1914", "scope": "The promulgated National Currency Law named yuan as national unit; its regulations prescribed converting tael public accounts and private debts/contracts to yuan. This is explicit legal account-unit recognition. Regional enforcement required subsequent orders, so nationwide accomplished conversion is not asserted.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1914, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1747" ], "source_ids": [ "S896" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS35-C2006-T-FTM000456-1910", "scope": "Wang identifies the silver yuan as China’s official monetary unit during 1910–1935, discussing the 1910, 1914 and 1933 standards within that account history.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1910, "latest_year": 1910, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1910" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2006" ], "source_ids": [ "S1045" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Shanghai actually redeemed ROC gold-yuan instruments for first-series RMB during28May–5June1949 at100000:1. This scoped redemption does not establish nationwide account termination.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Chinese silver yuan, called yanchaan locally, denominated Mongolian treasury and enterprise accounts before togrog replacement. Contemporary proclamation explicitly identifies Chinese silver yuan as preceding money.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Mongolian yanchaan accounting was displaced by togrog in institutional budgets, financial statements, tax returns and prices by1927. Exact Chinese identity of scoped yanchaan parent is a root uncertainty; it does not weaken the explicitly described local account transition.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The Nanjing provisional government military public loan was denominated as100million yuan in1912, with subscriptions and sale handled by Bank of China. This establishes early Republican yuan obligations within the existing mainland yuan continuity profile; it does not establish a new unit or nationwide exclusive use.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The promulgated National Currency Law named yuan as national unit; its regulations prescribed converting tael public accounts and private debts/contracts to yuan. This is explicit legal account-unit recognition. Regional enforcement required subsequent orders, so nationwide accomplished conversion is not asserted.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "The mainland Republican yuan is a supported account-unit identity: yuan public debt is documented in1912, and the1914 law expressly defines yuan accounting for public receipts/expenditure and private obligations. Preserve existing supported reform-continuity claims C110/C111. The former Mongolian yanchaan association claim C1139 addresses identification of a geographically scoped1925–1927 usage, not existence or identity of the mainland Republican yuan itself. Keep C1139 on its local observation and in retained claim history, but remove it from the global identity_claim_ids governing all mainland yuan paths. This does not upgrade the uncertain Mongolian association or establish nationwide1914 implementation.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Late-Qing and ROC continuity", "text": "Extend the retained yuan profile through late-Qing and Republic of China mainland accounting. Earlier regional dollar traditions supply ancestral evidence; they are not all treated as one eighteenth-century national unit.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier national yuan witness", "text": "Wang identifies the silver yuan as China’s official monetary unit during 1910–1935, discussing the 1910, 1914 and 1933 standards within that account history.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified inherited ancestry", "text": "Chinese yuan money of account developed from Spanish-peso reckoning through regional dollar traditions, later Mexican-dollar predominance and national consolidation. Admit compressed inherited ancestry, not uniform eighteenth-century national currency or a perpetual peso peg.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" } ], "summary": "Extend the retained yuan profile through late-Qing and Republic of China mainland accounting. Earlier regional dollar traditions supply ancestral evidence; they are not all treated as one eighteenth-century national unit." }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000459", "label": "Renminbi", "aliases": [ "Renminbi — 1955 rescaling on same line" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000459", "label": "Renminbi, pre-1955 scale", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C113", "C114" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000460", "label": "Renminbi, post-1955 scale", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C114" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0025", "track": "T-FTM000459", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1955, "latest_year": 1955, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1955" }, "claim_ids": [ "C114" ], "scope": "RMB scale change from 1 March 1955.", "currency_id": "T-FTM000459", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-047", "R-V27-026" ], "claim_ids": [ "C113", "C114", "C1149", "C1684" ], "source_ids": [ "S52", "S548", "S841" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "CNY", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000459" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-JINAN-YUAN", "label": "Jinan yuan", "relationship_id": "R-V22-047", "kind": "currency_unification", "date": { "earliest_year": 1948, "latest_year": 1950, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1948–1950" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1149" ] }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-NORTHEAST-YUAN", "label": "Northeast Chinese yuan accounting", "relationship_id": "R-V27-026", "kind": "account_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1951, "latest_year": 1951, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1951" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1684" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-047", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" }, { "relationship_id": "R-V27-026", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000459", "label": "Renminbi", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [ "CNY" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C113", "C114", "C1149", "C1684" ], "source_ids": [ "S52", "S548", "S841" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000462", "label": "Taiwan dollar", "aliases": [ "New Taiwan dollar", "Old Taiwan dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000461", "label": "Old Taiwan dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C115", "C116" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000462", "label": "New Taiwan dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C112", "C116", "C117", "C118" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0027", "parent": "T-FTM000461", "child": "T-FTM000462", "kind": "redenominated_as", "layer": "primary", "claim_ids": [ "C116" ], "source": "canonical research", "date": { "earliest_year": 1949, "latest_year": 1949, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1949" }, "scope": "Taiwan reform from 15 June 1949.", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_ids": [ "V0011" ], "valuation_policy": "Pair matching is context only. Check date, jurisdiction, denomination and review qualifications before applying any rate.", "original_parent": "T-FTM000461", "original_child": "T-FTM000462", "currency_id": "T-FTM000462", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-039" ], "claim_ids": [ "C112", "C116", "C117", "C118", "C451", "C452", "C453", "C454", "C455", "C115", "C1141" ], "source_ids": [ "S50", "S51", "S57", "S205", "S543" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "TWD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000462" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000117", "label": "Japanese yen", "relationship_id": "R-V22-039", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1946, "latest_year": 1946, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1946" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1141" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-039", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000462", "label": "Taiwan dollar", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [ "TWD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C112", "C116", "C117", "C118", "C451", "C452", "C453", "C454", "C455", "C115", "C1141" ], "source_ids": [ "S50", "S51", "S57", "S205", "S543" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000464", "label": "Hong Kong dollar", "aliases": [ "Hong Kong dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-004", "R0376", "R0375" ], "claim_ids": [ "C119", "C120", "C121", "C123", "C165", "C954", "C955", "C1164", "C1165", "C1655", "C1961", "C1962", "C1963" ], "source_ids": [ "S53", "S54", "S56", "S85", "S453", "S560", "S1019" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "HKD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000464" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000497", "label": "Pound sterling", "relationship_id": "R-V23-004", "kind": "account_unit_contribution", "date": { "earliest_year": 1864, "latest_year": 1864, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1864" }, "status": "qualified", "claim_ids": [ "C1164" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000478", "label": "Mexican peso", "relationship_id": "R0376", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1863, "latest_year": 1866, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1863–1866" }, "status": "qualified", "claim_ids": [ "C955", "C1165" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-004", "role": "contributing_public_account_conversion" }, { "relationship_id": "R0376", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000464", "label": "Hong Kong dollar", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [ "HKD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C119", "C120", "C121", "C123", "C165", "C954", "C955", "C1164", "C1165", "C1655" ], "source_ids": [ "S53", "S54", "S56", "S85", "S453", "S560" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Hong Kong’s local silver-dollar issue developed from circulating Spanish and Mexican silver dollars. One traced standard input; the 1935 sterling link is not its origin. The retained evidence establishes a metal or valuation standard, not succession of the principal unit of account. Keep it as profile context; exclude it from ancestry traversal.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "adopted_basis_relationship_ids": [ "SP-V32-001", "SP-V32-002", "SP-V32-003" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000466", "label": "Macao pataca", "aliases": [ "Macao pataca" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000466", "label": "Macao pataca", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C122", "C123", "C124" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1192-1895", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1895, "latest_year": 1895, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1895" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1192" ], "source_ids": [ "S568" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-009" ], "claim_ids": [ "C122", "C123", "C124", "C1169", "C1192", "C1611" ], "source_ids": [ "S55", "S56", "S58", "S566", "S567", "S568", "S808" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MOP", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000466" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000478", "label": "Mexican peso", "relationship_id": "R-V23-009", "kind": "territorial_currency_separation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1894, "latest_year": 1906, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1894–1906" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1169", "C1611" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-009", "role": "regional_branch" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "An 1895 inquiry into Macao lottery finances recorded pataca-denominated arrears to the provincial treasury. Association with the continuing pataca identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Macao pataca accounting was explicitly established as one Mexican dollar per pataca in1894; the subsequent local currency adopted that accounting unit. This is explicit adoption of an existing monetary account, not etymology or coin weight alone. Local issue chronology remains bounded; the ancestry is supported.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000466", "label": "Macao pataca", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [ "MOP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C122", "C123", "C124", "C1169", "C1192", "C1611" ], "source_ids": [ "S55", "S56", "S58", "S566", "S567", "S568", "S808" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000476", "label": "Spanish real / peso de a ocho", "aliases": [ "Castilian real", "Spanish-American dollar / peso de a ocho" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000475", "label": "Castilian real", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C134", "C135" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000476", "label": "Spanish-American dollar / peso de a ocho", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C135", "C138", "C142", "C146", "C160", "C167", "C177", "C182", "C183" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1278-1473", "label": "A 1473 cathedral inventory rated the Castilian silver real at 31 maravedís, following explicit 1471 real tariffs; this predates the existing 1497 observation. Evidence is valued real money in accounts, not proof that every payment was denominated primarily in reales. Association with the later real/peso profile is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1473, "latest_year": 1473, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1473" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1278" ], "source_ids": [ "S630" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0374", "kind": "denomination_derivation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1600, "latest_year": 1799, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1600–1799" }, "claim_ids": [ "C953" ], "scope": "The Spanish dollar or piece of eight represented eight reales. A denomination relationship within the real system; date bounds the source’s seventeenth/eighteenth-century account, not first minting.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0215" ], "parent": "T-FTM000475", "child": "T-FTM000476", "layer": "secondary", "source": "1500 coverage research revision 15", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_policy": "Exact ratio within the written scope, never a universal treatment of all cash and deposits.", "original_parent": "T-FTM000475", "original_child": "T-FTM000476", "currency_id": "T-FTM000476", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0035", "R-V23-018", "R0033", "R-V23-022", "R-V24-005", "R-V24-006", "R-V25-002", "R-V27-024", "R-V27-028", "R-V27-033", "R-V27-034", "R-V27-035", "R-V27-036", "R-V27-038", "R0306", "R0375", "R-V35-002", "R-V44-005" ], "claim_ids": [ "C134", "C135", "C336", "C369", "C953", "C138", "C142", "C146", "C160", "C167", "C177", "C182", "C183", "C863", "C954", "C1177", "C1178", "C1181", "C1182", "C1209", "C1210", "C1247", "C1278", "C1598", "C1654", "C1655", "C1682", "C1686", "C1691", "C1692", "C1693", "C1694", "C1696", "C1795", "C2011", "C2107", "C2112" ], "source_ids": [ "S11", "S61", "S65", "S66", "S67", "S70", "S73", "S82", "S84", "S93", "S99", "S171", "S429", "S453", "S582", "S584", "S589", "S592", "S593", "S594", "S595", "S596", "S630", "S836", "S830", "S189", "S858", "S859", "S860", "S861", "S862", "S586", "S926", "S583", "S1044", "S1045", "S1106", "S1107", "S1108" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1278-T-FTM000476-1473", "scope": "A 1473 cathedral inventory rated the Castilian silver real at 31 maravedís, following explicit 1471 real tariffs; this predates the existing 1497 observation. Evidence is valued real money in accounts, not proof that every payment was denominated primarily in reales. Association with the later real/peso profile is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1473, "latest_year": 1473, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1473" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1278" ], "source_ids": [ "S630" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "A 1473 cathedral inventory rated the Castilian silver real at 31 maravedís, following explicit 1471 real tariffs; this predates the existing 1497 observation. Evidence is valued real money in accounts, not proof that every payment was denominated primarily in reales. Association with the later real/peso profile is qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The nascent Salvadoran republic inherited the Spanish real system, including its multiples and subdivisions, through independence and the Central American federation. Original university museum history explicitly states inherited monetary system. Existing Salvadoran peso/colón profile can include real denominations; avoid an extra node for decimalisation.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The phoenix was valued at one sixth of the Spanish dollar. A valuation standard, not evidence that all dollars were compulsorily converted into phoenixes. The retained evidence establishes a metal or valuation standard, not succession of the principal unit of account. Keep it as profile context; exclude it from ancestry traversal.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Hong Kong’s local silver-dollar issue developed from circulating Spanish and Mexican silver dollars. One traced standard input; the 1935 sterling link is not its origin. The retained evidence establishes a metal or valuation standard, not succession of the principal unit of account. Keep it as profile context; exclude it from ancestry traversal.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The federal dollar formalized Spanish-dollar reckoning already used for public debts and requisitions, culminating in mandatory federal dollar accounts. This is an account-unit branch, not merely a borrowed coin standard. Combined contemporary account usage and enacted federal denomination remove the earlier coin-standard-only concern. Provincial pounds are additional local inputs requiring individual conversion histories, not a reason to qualify this specific Spanish-dollar branch.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified inherited ancestry", "text": "Chinese yuan money of account developed from Spanish-peso reckoning through regional dollar traditions, later Mexican-dollar predominance and national consolidation. Admit compressed inherited ancestry, not uniform eighteenth-century national currency or a perpetual peso peg.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "The medieval real and its French coin model", "text": "Oliva Manso dates Pedro I’s silver real approximately to 1363 and identifies the French gros tournois of 1361 as a model, while emphasizing differences in metrology. The 1373 ordinance valued the real at three maravedís. Coin design and valuation establish neither adoption of the French account unit nor a founding date for separate real accounting.", "report_url": "/revision-44/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000476", "label": "Spanish real / peso de a ocho", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000061", "FTM000070", "FTM000071", "FTM000075", "FTM000077", "FTM000081", "FTM000083", "FTM000092", "FTM000100", "FTM000113", "FTM000114", "FTM000140", "FTM000143", "FTM000171", "FTM000293", "FTM000294", "FTM000340", "FTM000350", "T-FTM000459", "T-FTM000464", "T-FTM000466", "T-FTM000478", "T-FTM000481", "T-FTM000500", "T-FTM000501", "T-FTM000502", "T-FTM000503", "T-FTM000515", "T-FTM000516", "T-FTM000519", "T-FTM000520", "T-FTM000525", "T-FTM000532" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C134", "C135", "C336", "C369", "C953", "C138", "C142", "C146", "C160", "C167", "C177", "C182", "C183", "C863", "C954", "C1177", "C1178", "C1181", "C1182", "C1209", "C1210", "C1247", "C1278", "C1598", "C1654", "C1655", "C1682", "C1686", "C1691", "C1692", "C1693", "C1694", "C1696", "C1795", "C2011", "C2107", "C2112" ], "source_ids": [ "S11", "S61", "S65", "S66", "S67", "S70", "S73", "S82", "S84", "S93", "S99", "S171", "S429", "S453", "S582", "S584", "S589", "S592", "S593", "S594", "S595", "S596", "S630", "S836", "S830", "S189", "S858", "S859", "S860", "S861", "S862", "S586", "S926", "S583", "S1044", "S1045", "S1106", "S1107", "S1108" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0035", "R-V23-018", "R0033", "R-V23-022", "R-V24-005", "R-V24-006", "R-V25-002", "R-V27-024", "R-V27-028", "R-V27-033", "R-V27-034", "R-V27-035", "R-V27-036", "R-V27-038", "R-V35-002" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000478", "label": "Mexican peso", "aliases": [ "Mexican peso — 1993 rescaling on same line" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000479", "label": "Mexican peso, 1993 scale", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C140" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1202-1822", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1822, "latest_year": 1822, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1822" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1202" ], "source_ids": [ "S67" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0034", "track": "T-FTM000478", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993" }, "claim_ids": [ "C140" ], "scope": "1993 scale change.", "currency_id": "T-FTM000478", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0377", "R0376", "R-V23-006", "R-V23-009", "R0033", "R-V27-043" ], "claim_ids": [ "C138", "C139", "C140", "C167", "C182", "C955", "C956", "C1165", "C1166", "C1169", "C1181", "C1202", "C1606", "C1611", "C1701" ], "source_ids": [ "S61", "S67", "S68", "S82", "S453", "S560", "S561", "S566", "S567", "S840", "S808", "S869", "S870" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MXN", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000478" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000476", "label": "Spanish real / peso de a ocho", "relationship_id": "R0033", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1821, "latest_year": 1823, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1821–1823" }, "status": "qualified", "claim_ids": [ "C138", "C1181" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0033", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Independent Mexico issued compulsory peso-denominated paper in December 1822 while continuing real-denominated coinage.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The locally used Mexican-dollar reckoning differentiated into the Straits dollar through the1903–1906 reform: Mexican dollars were the1890 standard within existing commercial dollar accounts; local dollars replaced them and obtained an independent exchange value. Actual dollar accounts plus explicit local replacement establish ancestry; metal equivalence alone is not the basis.1906 completes independent valuation, not a further node.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Macao pataca accounting was explicitly established as one Mexican dollar per pataca in1894; the subsequent local currency adopted that accounting unit. This is explicit adoption of an existing monetary account, not etymology or coin weight alone. Local issue chronology remains bounded; the ancestry is supported.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000478", "label": "Mexican peso", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "MXN" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000140", "FTM000143", "FTM000340", "T-FTM000464", "T-FTM000466", "T-FTM000500", "T-FTM000501", "T-FTM000502", "T-FTM000503" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C138", "C139", "C140", "C167", "C182", "C955", "C956", "C1165", "C1166", "C1169", "C1181", "C1202", "C1606", "C1611", "C1701" ], "source_ids": [ "S61", "S67", "S68", "S82", "S453", "S560", "S561", "S566", "S567", "S840", "S808", "S869", "S870" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0377", "R0376", "R-V23-006", "R-V23-009", "R-V27-043" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000481", "label": "United States dollar", "aliases": [ "United States dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH23-C1199-1784", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1784, "latest_year": 1784, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1784" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1199" ], "source_ids": [ "S582" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000484", "label": "Continental paper dollar", "record_types": [ "account_unit" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C145", "C146", "C147" ], "source_ids": [ "S72", "S73", "S74" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0412", "R0035", "R-V25-011", "R-V23-010", "R-V26-011", "R-V27-018", "R0411", "R0413", "R0416", "R0414" ], "claim_ids": [ "C133", "C142", "C143", "C144", "C148", "C149", "C150", "C151", "C152", "C153", "C155", "C156", "C157", "C158", "C159", "C178", "C190", "C195", "C198", "C203", "C205", "C207", "C208", "C209", "C390", "C747", "C777", "C993", "C994", "C995", "C996", "C998", "C1170", "C1177", "C1199", "C1245", "C1256", "C1349", "C1429", "C1593", "C1603", "C1604", "C1605", "C1613", "C1676", "C1777", "C1795", "C1960", "C1962", "C1963", "C1965", "C1966" ], "source_ids": [ "S62", "S64", "S70", "S71", "S75", "S76", "S77", "S78", "S79", "S80", "S84", "S97", "S98", "S102", "S103", "S107", "S109", "S111", "S187", "S253", "S387", "S471", "S472", "S473", "S474", "S475", "S345", "S582", "S604", "S605", "S662", "S718", "S727", "S728", "S733", "S734", "S726", "S791", "S707", "S926", "S583", "S1019", "S54", "S1021", "S1022", "S202" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "USD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000481" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000476", "label": "Spanish real / peso de a ocho", "relationship_id": "R0035", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1784, "latest_year": 1792, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1784–1792" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C142", "C1177", "C1795" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000533", "label": "Ecuadorian sucre", "relationship_id": "R-V26-011", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 2000, "latest_year": 2000, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "2000" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1429" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0035", "role": "regional_branch" }, { "relationship_id": "R-V26-011", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Jefferson recorded the dollar’s established use in US public debts and requisitions before the federal mint statute.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Law1528 expressly transforms existing USD obligations andbankdeposits intoDominicanpesos inphase2 beginning1February1948, while preserving1937subsidiarycoins. Direct accountconversion resolves earlier note-onlylimitation. Legalnewunit enacted1947; operativegeneralaccounttransition1948.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "QuetzalUSDfoundingrelation isgoldstandardparity; actuallocalpredecessor wasGuatemalanpeso, exchanged60:1. ExcludeUSDparity fromancestrypaths; addexistingpeso→quetzal replacement.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Law84of28June1904 establishesbalboa; USDgoldlegal equivalence issharedstandard/legal tender, not evidenceofUSDaccountunit succession. Correctlawdate; Colombianlimitedcoinredemption doesnot establishgeneralaccountconversion.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "USDparity doesnotestablish córdobaancestry; primary1913law converts localpeso contracts,statutes,feesandfines to córdobas. Replaceancestrypath by documentedexistingpeso parent; retainUSDstandard ascontext.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The 1903 Philippine reform defined a gold peso and made US gold dollars tender at two pesos per dollar. The date is enactment; commencement depended on the stipulated coin supply. Spanish and Mexican predecessors are additional inputs, not erased by the new standard. The1903 US-dollar statutory ratio is monetary-standard/legal-tender influence. It is not in itself conversion of prior USD account obligations into a new Philippine unit. Keep optional standard-adoption context, excluded from ancestry.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Federal statute requires dollar-denominated public accounts and court proceedings and defines its dollar with reference to the existing Spanish milled dollar.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The federal dollar formalized Spanish-dollar reckoning already used for public debts and requisitions, culminating in mandatory federal dollar accounts. This is an account-unit branch, not merely a borrowed coin standard. Combined contemporary account usage and enacted federal denomination remove the earlier coin-standard-only concern. Provincial pounds are additional local inputs requiring individual conversion histories, not a reason to qualify this specific Spanish-dollar branch.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000481", "label": "United States dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "USD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000113", "FTM000114", "T-FTM000532" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C133", "C142", "C143", "C144", "C148", "C149", "C150", "C151", "C152", "C153", "C155", "C156", "C157", "C158", "C159", "C178", "C190", "C195", "C198", "C203", "C205", "C207", "C208", "C209", "C390", "C747", "C777", "C993", "C994", "C995", "C996", "C998", "C1170", "C1177", "C1199", "C1245", "C1256", "C1349", "C1429", "C1593", "C1603", "C1604", "C1605", "C1613", "C1676", "C1777", "C1795" ], "source_ids": [ "S62", "S64", "S70", "S71", "S75", "S76", "S77", "S78", "S79", "S80", "S84", "S97", "S98", "S102", "S103", "S107", "S109", "S111", "S187", "S253", "S387", "S471", "S472", "S473", "S474", "S475", "S345", "S582", "S604", "S605", "S662", "S718", "S727", "S728", "S733", "S734", "S726", "S791", "S707", "S926", "S583" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0412", "R-V25-011", "R-V23-010", "R-V27-018" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS28-C1777-T-FTM000481-1792", "scope": "Federal statute requires dollar-denominated public accounts and court proceedings and defines its dollar with reference to the existing Spanish milled dollar.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1792, "latest_year": 1792, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1792" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1777" ], "source_ids": [ "S926" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "adopted_basis_relationship_ids": [ "R0411", "SP-V32-002", "SP-V32-003", "SP-V32-005", "SP-V32-006" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000491", "label": "Halifax pound of account", "aliases": [ "Halifax account pound" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000491", "label": "Halifax account pound", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C160" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C160", "C316" ], "source_ids": [ "S11", "S156" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000491", "label": "Halifax pound of account", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C160", "C316" ], "source_ids": [ "S11", "S156" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000492", "label": "Canadian dollar", "aliases": [ "Canadian dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000492", "label": "Canadian dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C161", "C162", "C163", "C164" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0042", "R0114", "R0115" ], "claim_ids": [ "C161", "C162", "C163", "C164", "C305", "C312", "C313", "C314", "C317", "C394" ], "source_ids": [ "S11", "S156", "S160", "S188" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "CAD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000492" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000493", "label": "Nova Scotia decimal dollar", "relationship_id": "R0042", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1871, "latest_year": 1871, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1 July 1871 for payments covered by section 6" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C162", "C313" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000608", "label": "Prince Edward Island decimal dollar", "relationship_id": "R0114", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1881, "latest_year": 1881, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1881" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C312" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000610", "label": "British Columbia decimal dollar", "relationship_id": "R0115", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1881, "latest_year": 1881, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1881" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C312" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0042", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R0114", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R0115", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000492", "label": "Canadian dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "CAD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C161", "C162", "C163", "C164", "C305", "C312", "C313", "C314", "C317", "C394" ], "source_ids": [ "S11", "S156", "S160", "S188" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000493", "label": "Nova Scotia decimal dollar", "aliases": [ "Nova Scotia decimal dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000493", "label": "Nova Scotia decimal dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C162" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0042" ], "claim_ids": [ "C162", "C313" ], "source_ids": [ "S11", "S160" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000493", "label": "Nova Scotia decimal dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000492" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C162", "C313" ], "source_ids": [ "S11", "S160" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0042" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000494", "label": "Newfoundland dollar", "aliases": [ "Newfoundland dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000494", "label": "Newfoundland dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C163" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C163", "C314", "C315" ], "source_ids": [ "S11", "S156", "S161" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000494", "label": "Newfoundland dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C163", "C314", "C315" ], "source_ids": [ "S11", "S156", "S161" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000497", "label": "Pound sterling", "aliases": [ "Gibraltar pound", "Pound sterling", "Bahamas pound", "Bermuda pound" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000730", "label": "Gibraltar Pound — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C556" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1280-801", "label": "Mercian estate-immunity annual account obligation", "date": { "earliest_year": 799, "latest_year": 801, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "799–801" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1280" ], "source_ids": [ "S631", "S632", "S521" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1281-807", "label": "Kentish grant explicitly priced in pennies", "date": { "earliest_year": 805, "latest_year": 807, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "805–807" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1281" ], "source_ids": [ "S632", "S521" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0406", "kind": "local_issue_on_imported_currency_standard", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1914, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914" }, "claim_ids": [ "C988" ], "scope": "Gibraltar began local emergency sterling-note issues in 1914. The issuer explicitly describes sterling as the unit; this is a local issue branch, not proof of a separate monetary unit.", "valuation_ids": [], "parent": "T-FTM000497", "child": "FTM000224", "layer": "secondary", "source": "1500 coverage research revision 16", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_policy": "Exact ratio within the written scope, never a universal treatment of all cash and deposits.", "original_parent": "T-FTM000497", "original_child": "FTM000224", "currency_id": "T-FTM000497", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0059", "R0060", "R0108", "R0111", "R0112", "R0138", "R0311", "R0361", "R-V22-048", "R0407", "R-V23-004", "R0312", "R0314", "R0358", "R0359", "R0360", "R0365", "R0368", "R-V27-052", "R0404", "R0401", "CTX-V29-014", "R-V41-001", "R-V42-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C556", "C988", "C169", "C174", "C190", "C253", "C254", "C255", "C256", "C257", "C258", "C264", "C265", "C268", "C270", "C271", "C296", "C297", "C309", "C310", "C387", "C400", "C405", "C607", "C617", "C635", "C868", "C870", "C873", "C936", "C937", "C938", "C939", "C944", "C947", "C983", "C985", "C986", "C987", "C989", "C1024", "C1025", "C1057", "C1058", "C1059", "C1060", "C1061", "C1062", "C1063", "C1064", "C1092", "C1093", "C1094", "C1095", "C1150", "C1164", "C1280", "C1281", "C1311", "C1312", "C1313", "C1314", "C1315", "C1509", "C1579", "C1587", "C1592", "C1596", "C1601", "C1602", "C1632", "C1637", "C1642", "C1643", "C1644", "C1645", "C1646", "C1647", "C1656", "C1710", "C196", "C1556", "C197", "C441", "C1775", "C1776", "C1828", "C1829", "C1830", "C1850", "C1851", "C1961", "C1964", "C2094", "C2097", "C2103" ], "source_ids": [ "S83", "S88", "S93", "S97", "S99", "S104", "S133", "S134", "S135", "S137", "S139", "S140", "S142", "S152", "S153", "S157", "S158", "S186", "S189", "S202", "S240", "S244", "S290", "S334", "S336", "S342", "S432", "S433", "S434", "S449", "S450", "S452", "S467", "S468", "S469", "S493", "S495", "S494", "S496", "S497", "S498", "S521", "S146", "S98", "S560", "S631", "S632", "S633", "S634", "S635", "S837", "S795", "S796", "S797", "S798", "S732", "S893", "S729", "S730", "S770", "S772", "S775", "S776", "S824", "S823", "S785", "S784", "S777", "S779", "S778", "S789", "S830", "S709", "S923", "S925", "S924", "S944", "S942", "S943", "S946", "S453", "S1019", "S1020", "S1021", "S1100", "S1101", "S1102" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS-V19-1", "scope": "240-pence pound: observation in a reign, not exact creation date", "date": { "earliest_year": 1066, "latest_year": 1087, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "William I, 1066–1087" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1024" ], "source_ids": [ "S140" ], "original_track_id": "T-FTM000497", "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation" }, { "event_id": "OBS21-EN-1", "scope": "Alfred’s pound-denominated bequests; assignment to the continuing sterling profile is a qualified inference.", "date": { "earliest_year": 873, "latest_year": 888, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "catalogued", "original_text": "873 × 888; curatorial approximation c.885" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1057", "C1058", "C1063" ], "source_ids": [ "S493", "S495" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "document_evidence_status": "supported", "identity_association_status": "supported_inference", "date_is_creation": false, "pence_per_pound": null }, { "event_id": "OBS21-EN-2", "scope": "Alresford annual rent in pounds; assignment to the continuing sterling profile is a qualified inference.", "date": { "earliest_year": 879, "latest_year": 908, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "catalogued", "original_text": "879 × 908" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1059", "C1063" ], "source_ids": [ "S494" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "document_evidence_status": "supported", "identity_association_status": "supported_inference", "date_is_creation": false, "pence_per_pound": null }, { "event_id": "OBS21-EN-3", "scope": "London code: half-pound livestock indemnity; assignment to the continuing sterling profile is a qualified inference.", "date": { "earliest_year": 930, "latest_year": 939, "precision": "decade", "qualifier": "approximate", "original_text": "930s; Screen c.935" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1060", "C1061", "C1063" ], "source_ids": [ "S496", "S497" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "document_evidence_status": "supported", "identity_association_status": "supported_inference", "date_is_creation": false, "pence_per_pound": { "value": 240, "status": "scholarly_interpretation", "source_id": "S497" } }, { "event_id": "OBS25-C1280-T-FTM000497-801", "scope": "The 799–801 Mercian annual render and 805–807 Kentish penny valuation can extend the existing English monetary profile with qualified regional continuity; neither text establishes a 240-penny pound or a Frankish-to-English conversion.", "date": { "earliest_year": 799, "latest_year": 801, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "799–801" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1280" ], "source_ids": [ "S631", "S632", "S521" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS25-C1281-T-FTM000497-807", "scope": "The 799–801 Mercian annual render and 805–807 Kentish penny valuation can extend the existing English monetary profile with qualified regional continuity; neither text establishes a 240-penny pound or a Frankish-to-English conversion.", "date": { "earliest_year": 805, "latest_year": 807, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "805–807" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1281" ], "source_ids": [ "S632", "S521" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1509-T-FTM000497-1842", "scope": "British currency was established in Bermuda, with existing local-currency contracts converted into it.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1842, "latest_year": 1842, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1842" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1509" ], "source_ids": [ "S837" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1775-T-FTM000497-839", "scope": "Abba's Kentish will specifies burial obligations in pence; Heregyth's endorsement specifies thirteen pounds of pennies and remits a fifteen-pound obligation. This supplies a ninth-century English monetary-account witness within the existing pound/penny profile.", "date": { "earliest_year": 833, "latest_year": 839, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "833–839" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1775" ], "source_ids": [ "S923", "S925" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1776-T-FTM000497-888", "scope": "Alfred's will distributes pound-denominated monetary bequests to children, household followers and religious beneficiaries, independently confirming late-ninth-century English pound accounting.", "date": { "earliest_year": 873, "latest_year": 888, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "873–888" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1776" ], "source_ids": [ "S924", "S925" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1828-T-FTM000497-807", "scope": "Cuthred’s Eythorne grant values the transferred land at 3,000 pence. This contemporary account transaction supports the existing English penny lineage before the 833–839 pound-of-pennies witness.", "date": { "earliest_year": 805, "latest_year": 807, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "805–807" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1828" ], "source_ids": [ "S632", "S944" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1829-T-FTM000497-796", "scope": "Beonna’s Swineshead lease fixes consideration at 1,000 shillings and an annual render of hospitality or thirty sicli; heirs remain liable. This extends qualified early-English account evidence.", "date": { "earliest_year": 786, "latest_year": 796, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "786–796" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1829" ], "source_ids": [ "S942", "S943" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1830-T-FTM000497-857", "scope": "Burgred’s London grant describes sixty silver solidi, an earlier one-pound purchase, and annual rent of twelve denarii.", "date": { "earliest_year": 857, "latest_year": 857, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "857" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1830" ], "source_ids": [ "S946" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier English accounting and Offa", "text": "Pound-denominated obligations in Alfred’s will (873–888) and the Alresford lease (879–908), plus a tenth-century legal valuation, support a qualified early extension. These are not exact founding dates. Offa’s Frankish coin models and weight targets remain coinage evidence; no Carolingian ancestry edge is admitted.", "report_url": "/revision-21/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 799–801 Mercian annual render and 805–807 Kentish penny valuation can extend the existing English monetary profile with qualified regional continuity; neither text establishes a 240-penny pound or a Frankish-to-English conversion.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 799–801 Mercian annual render and 805–807 Kentish penny valuation can extend the existing English monetary profile with qualified regional continuity; neither text establishes a 240-penny pound or a Frankish-to-English conversion.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "S1186 a, dated 799–801 and catalogued as an original document, records 200 solidi for estate immunities and an annual 30-solidus obligation.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "S41, dated 805–807 and preserved in contemporary sheets, prices the Eythorne land grant at 3,000 denarii, translated as pence.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The 799–801 Mercian annual render and 805–807 Kentish penny valuation can extend the existing English monetary profile with qualified regional continuity; neither text establishes a 240-penny pound or a Frankish-to-English conversion.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "S164 records a thirty-pound valuation in 809, confirmed 810, but survives in a later copy and has disputed authenticity.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The 796 Purton restoration records 2,000 silver solidi, but its disputed transmission makes it qualified corroboration rather than the firm earliest English anchor.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "S9 reports ten pounds of silver in a charter dated 686; authenticity questions and possible weight usage prevent adopting 686 as a demonstrated currency-pound origin.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "British currency was established in Bermuda, with existing local-currency contracts converted into it.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "A separate WestAfricanpound succeeded preexisting Britishsterling circulation during1912–1913institution andissue transition; Britishsilver was actuallywithdrawn and repatriated atfacevalue. Originalscholarship explicitly identifies separatecurrency andregional succession; primaryanswer confirms withdrawal. Doesnotimply allindigenouscurrencies disappeared.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "SouthAfricanlocal pound reckoning developed from Britishsterling account andredemption practices into a separatelyidentified monetaryunit duringthe wartime/postwar transition; byJanuary1925commissioners explicitly distinguishedtheSouthAfricanunit fromsterling. Contemporaryaccount andcontract-redemption history plusoriginalcommissionexplicit unitdistinction supportsancestry. Rangeisresearchenvelope,notexactbirth;1922firstnotes are notcreationproof.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Sterlingcoin circulation does not establish sterling as the accountunit immediately replaced in1894. Primary1894ordinance instead makes USDgold the standardforcontracts. Remove foundingancestry; retainmixedcirculation/standard context. Do not autoaddUSDparent until BZDseparation fromthe adoptedUSDunit is evidenced.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Currency Ordinance defines the Falkland Islands pound and substitutes that local currency into sterling-denominated local obligations and enactments. This establishes the sterling relationship; the earlier independent-unit boundary is not dated by the 1899 note issue. Sections 3–4 and 8 establish the unit and inherited obligation framework; 1987–1990 is the inspected legal attestation, not a claim that no local distinction existed earlier.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Bahamianpoundnotes were localsterlinginstruments withinBritishsterling moneyofaccount expresslygoverningcontracts andliabilities. MergeT-FTM000522intoT-FTM000497; preserve1919notehistoryand1966dollaraccountreplacement withinredirectededges.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The modern locally issued Bermuda pound is sterling accounting, rather than a demonstrated separate principal account unit. British currency replaced the earlier local reckoning in1842; the1970dollar transition superseded this sterling system. Current graph's branch is supported by local issue alone. Merge the modern local-sterling profile into sterling; preserve any independently evidenced pre1842local currency separately. This is ontology adjudication, not a claim that parity alone proves identity.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The1927Saorstat pound established a local account unit; future domestic contracts defaulted to its legal currency while prior sterling obligations were not universally converted. Original historical analysis plus indexed operative contract clause supports regional branch, not restoration of pre1826unit.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Tongan local pound branched from the earlier sterling reckoning,with a separate legally administered exchange regime established in1935–1936. Original statutory research and official monetary history distinguish Tongan obligations from both sterling and Australian currency. Australian pound is the selected anchor, not demonstrated adopted predecessor.1919/1921notes remain prior sterling-issue context; Little speculation about1929not admitted.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "CurrencyOrdinance§8 converted covered UKcurrency obligations and statutory references to equivalent local StHelenacurrency, with overseas-payment exception. Direct account substitution establishes scoped branch even at parity; multiple commencement dates require care.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Malta pound developed from sterling into an independently legislated local account currency by1968;1972decimalization retained that principal unit. Explicit original monetary history plus legal independence and primary continuity establish ancestry.1949is lowerbound of permanent local issue,1968firm independentlegalregime; do not make1914notes or1972subdivision change a newcurrencybirth.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Cyprus currency inherited sterling reckoning; by1949 domestic contracts and statutory shilling references were explicitly construed in local legalcurrency and Cyprusshillings. Actual local obligation-denomination clauses resolve ancestry beyond metrology. Range denotes emergence before firm1949anchor, not exact1879creation.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Australian pound separated from the common sterling account system during1929–1936monetary breakup; earlier local sterling use and notes are continuity observations. Original account-unit research explicitly identifies regional separation. Earlier common-unit evidence affects branchdate/profileepoch, not existence of ancestry.1825/1910notproven distinct-unit birth.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1933legislation established distinctive NZcurrency and default local contract denomination, with redemption of earlier local notes into new legalcurrency. Original central-bank legal study explicitly distinguishes NZpounds from sterlingissuedinNZ; indexed contract provision corroborates. No fixed sterling conversion ratio asserted.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Fiji developed a separate local pound from sterling during1929–1933;1933 legislation placed local monetary obligations on their own sterling-exchange basis. Original monetary research documents local monetary-account continuity from British currency and subsequent independent legal monetary regime.1914 issuer creation alone is not the unit birth.1929 is earliest observed market separation;1933 is firm legal endpoint for the bounded branch, not an exact claim of1929 legal founding.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Sterling coins and the sterling rating coexisted with the inherited British West Indian dollar account unit. They do not make sterling its account-unit parent. The independently sourced Spanish-dollar ancestry replaces the earlier mixed-circulation inference.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "British Currency Act expressly keeps local contracts/payments/liabilities in sterling even alongside local-note issue. Preserve Bahamas use as sterling regional observation and dollar conversion.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Bahamianpoundnotes were localsterlinginstruments withinBritishsterling moneyofaccount expresslygoverningcontracts andliabilities. MergeT-FTM000522intoT-FTM000497; preserve1919notehistoryand1966dollaraccountreplacement withinredirectededges.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The modern locally issued Bermuda pound is sterling accounting, rather than a demonstrated separate principal account unit. British currency replaced the earlier local reckoning in1842; the1970dollar transition superseded this sterling system. Current graph's branch is supported by local issue alone. Merge the modern local-sterling profile into sterling; preserve any independently evidenced pre1842local currency separately. This is ontology adjudication, not a claim that parity alone proves identity.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Abba's Kentish will specifies burial obligations in pence; Heregyth's endorsement specifies thirteen pounds of pennies and remits a fifteen-pound obligation. This supplies a ninth-century English monetary-account witness within the existing pound/penny profile.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Alfred's will distributes pound-denominated monetary bequests to children, household followers and religious beneficiaries, independently confirming late-ninth-century English pound accounting.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Cuthred’s Eythorne grant values the transferred land at 3,000 pence. This contemporary account transaction supports the existing English penny lineage before the 833–839 pound-of-pennies witness.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Beonna’s Swineshead lease fixes consideration at 1,000 shillings and an annual render of hospitality or thirty sicli; heirs remain liable. This extends qualified early-English account evidence.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Burgred’s London grant describes sixty silver solidi, an earlier one-pound purchase, and annual rent of twelve denarii.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Account-reckoning transmission", "text": "Frankish twelve-penny shilling reckoning entered English usage by the late tenth/early eleventh century, alongside older four- and five-penny shillings. This was subdivision transmission within an existing English penny system.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Retain the existing English pound/penny identity and distinguish dated penny accounting from dated pound accounting.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Frankish reckoning, varied English shillings", "text": "The Royal Mint Museum explicitly traces English reckoning to the Frankish kingdom. This supports transmission of an account system; it does not date a single founding reform. Hines's four-penny shilling in the 930s and Naismith's account of Offa's Frankish coin models prevent a uniform twelve-penny shilling or an exact Offa conversion from being projected across Anglo-Saxon England.", "report_url": "/revision-41/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier European account ancestry", "text": "English penny–pound reckoning has Frankish account ancestry: the Royal Mint Museum explicitly describes transmission of the reckoning system. Admit a qualified, compressed ancestry link, without identifying a single founder, exact adoption date, conversion rate or uniform early shilling. The seventh century through William I is a research envelope, not a dated observation or a claim that transmission lasted this whole period.", "report_url": "/revision-41/index.html" } ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "GIP", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000497" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000604", "label": "Irish pound — pre-1826 account unit", "relationship_id": "R0108", "kind": "absorbed_into_existing_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1826, "latest_year": 1826, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1826" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C296" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000560", "label": "Frankish denier–livre reckoning", "relationship_id": "R-V41-001", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 600, "latest_year": 1087, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "600–1087" }, "status": "qualified", "claim_ids": [ "C2097" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "Qualified Frankish account ancestry admitted; exact chronology and immediate regional parent remain open.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-13", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0108", "role": "later_unification_or_absorption" }, { "relationship_id": "R-V41-001", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000497", "label": "Pound sterling", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "GBP", "GIP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000178", "FTM000188", "FTM000190", "FTM000193", "FTM000194", "FTM000195", "FTM000200", "FTM000203", "FTM000219", "FTM000223", "FTM000225", "FTM000387", "T-FTM000464", "T-FTM000492", "T-FTM000507", "T-FTM000509", "T-FTM000511", "T-FTM000513", "T-FTM000517", "T-FTM000521", "T-FTM000523", "T-FTM000528", "T-FTM000529", "T-FTM000642", "T-FTM000644", "T-FTM000645", "T-FTM000647" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C556", "C988", "C169", "C174", "C190", "C253", "C254", "C255", "C256", "C257", "C258", "C264", "C265", "C268", "C270", "C271", "C296", "C297", "C309", "C310", "C387", "C400", "C405", "C607", "C617", "C635", "C868", "C870", "C873", "C936", "C937", "C938", "C939", "C944", "C947", "C983", "C985", "C986", "C987", "C989", "C1024", "C1025", "C1057", "C1058", "C1059", "C1060", "C1061", "C1062", "C1063", "C1064", "C1092", "C1093", "C1094", "C1095", "C1150", "C1164", "C1280", "C1281", "C1311", "C1312", "C1313", "C1314", "C1315", "C1509", "C1579", "C1587", "C1592", "C1596", "C1601", "C1602", "C1632", "C1637", "C1642", "C1643", "C1644", "C1645", "C1646", "C1647", "C1656", "C1710", "C196", "C1556", "C197", "C441", "C1775", "C1776", "C1828", "C1829", "C1830", "C1850", "C1851", "C2094", "C2097", "C2103" ], "source_ids": [ "S83", "S88", "S93", "S97", "S99", "S104", "S133", "S134", "S135", "S137", "S139", "S140", "S142", "S152", "S153", "S157", "S158", "S186", "S189", "S202", "S240", "S244", "S290", "S334", "S336", "S342", "S432", "S433", "S434", "S449", "S450", "S452", "S467", "S468", "S469", "S493", "S495", "S494", "S496", "S497", "S498", "S521", "S146", "S98", "S560", "S631", "S632", "S633", "S634", "S635", "S837", "S795", "S796", "S797", "S798", "S732", "S893", "S729", "S730", "S770", "S772", "S775", "S776", "S824", "S823", "S785", "S784", "S777", "S779", "S778", "S789", "S830", "S709", "S923", "S925", "S924", "S944", "S942", "S943", "S946", "S1100", "S1101", "S1102" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0059", "R0060", "R0111", "R0112", "R0138", "R0311", "R0361", "R-V22-048", "R0407", "R-V23-004", "R0312", "R0314", "R0358", "R0359", "R0360", "R0365", "R0368", "R-V27-052", "R-V42-001" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "adopted_basis_relationship_ids": [ "SP-V32-001", "SP-V32-004" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000499", "label": "Straits / Malayan / Malaya–British Borneo dollar", "aliases": [ "Malaya and British Borneo dollar", "Straits dollar", "Malayan dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000496", "label": "Straits dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C168", "C169", "C170" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000498", "label": "Malayan dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C170", "C171", "C172" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000499", "label": "Malaya and British Borneo dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C171", "C173" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0044", "parent": "T-FTM000496", "child": "T-FTM000498", "kind": "replaced_by", "layer": "primary", "claim_ids": [ "C170" ], "source": "canonical research", "date": { "earliest_year": 1940, "latest_year": 1940, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1940" }, "scope": "Board-currency transition; gradual cash withdrawal not quantified.", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_ids": [], "valuation_policy": "Pair matching is context only. Check date, jurisdiction, denomination and review qualifications before applying any rate.", "original_parent": "T-FTM000496", "original_child": "T-FTM000498", "currency_id": "T-FTM000499", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0045", "parent": "T-FTM000498", "child": "T-FTM000499", "kind": "replaced_by", "layer": "primary", "claim_ids": [ "C171" ], "source": "canonical research", "date": { "earliest_year": 1953, "latest_year": 1953, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1953" }, "scope": "Successor shared issuance.", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_ids": [], "valuation_policy": "Pair matching is context only. Check date, jurisdiction, denomination and review qualifications before applying any rate.", "original_parent": "T-FTM000498", "original_child": "T-FTM000499", "currency_id": "T-FTM000499", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0046", "R0047", "R0048", "R0377", "R-V27-006" ], "claim_ids": [ "C171", "C173", "C168", "C169", "C170", "C956", "C172", "C1606", "C1664" ], "source_ids": [ "S82", "S83", "S840", "S739", "S740" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000499", "label": "Straits / Malayan / Malaya–British Borneo dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000340", "T-FTM000500", "T-FTM000501", "T-FTM000502" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C171", "C173", "C168", "C169", "C170", "C956", "C172", "C1606", "C1664" ], "source_ids": [ "S82", "S83", "S840", "S739", "S740" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0046", "R0047", "R0048", "R-V27-006" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The locally used Mexican-dollar reckoning differentiated into the Straits dollar through the1903–1906 reform: Mexican dollars were the1890 standard within existing commercial dollar accounts; local dollars replaced them and obtained an independent exchange value. Actual dollar accounts plus explicit local replacement establish ancestry; metal equivalence alone is not the basis.1906 completes independent valuation, not a further node.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000500", "label": "Singapore dollar", "aliases": [ "Singapore dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000500", "label": "Singapore dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C173", "C175", "C176" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0046" ], "claim_ids": [ "C173", "C175", "C176" ], "source_ids": [ "S82", "S88", "S89", "S90" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SGD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000500" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000499", "label": "Straits / Malayan / Malaya–British Borneo dollar", "relationship_id": "R0046", "kind": "forked_from", "date": { "earliest_year": 1967, "latest_year": 1967, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1967" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C173" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0046", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000500", "label": "Singapore dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "SGD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C173", "C175", "C176" ], "source_ids": [ "S82", "S88", "S89", "S90" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000501", "label": "Malaysian dollar / ringgit", "aliases": [ "Malaysian dollar / ringgit" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000501", "label": "Malaysian dollar / ringgit", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C173", "C174", "C176" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0047" ], "claim_ids": [ "C173", "C174", "C176" ], "source_ids": [ "S82", "S88" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "MYR", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000501" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000499", "label": "Straits / Malayan / Malaya–British Borneo dollar", "relationship_id": "R0047", "kind": "forked_from", "date": { "earliest_year": 1967, "latest_year": 1967, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1967" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C173" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0047", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000501", "label": "Malaysian dollar / ringgit", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "MYR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C173", "C174", "C176" ], "source_ids": [ "S82", "S88" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000502", "label": "Brunei dollar", "aliases": [ "Brunei dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000502", "label": "Brunei dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C173", "C175", "C176" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0048" ], "claim_ids": [ "C173", "C175", "C176" ], "source_ids": [ "S82", "S88", "S89", "S90" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BND", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000502" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000499", "label": "Straits / Malayan / Malaya–British Borneo dollar", "relationship_id": "R0048", "kind": "forked_from", "date": { "earliest_year": 1967, "latest_year": 1967, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1967" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C173" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0048", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000502", "label": "Brunei dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "BND" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C173", "C175", "C176" ], "source_ids": [ "S82", "S88", "S89", "S90" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000503", "label": "Philippine peso, twentieth-century reform lineage", "aliases": [ "Philippine peso, twentieth-century reform lineage" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-006", "R0414" ], "claim_ids": [ "C178", "C179", "C996", "C1166", "C1613", "C2063" ], "source_ids": [ "S84", "S474", "S561", "S1080" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "PHP", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000503" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000478", "label": "Mexican peso", "relationship_id": "R-V23-006", "kind": "account_unit_contribution", "date": { "earliest_year": 1904, "latest_year": 1904, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1904" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1166" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V23-006", "role": "contributing_public_account_conversion" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000503", "label": "Philippine peso, twentieth-century reform lineage", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "PHP" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C178", "C179", "C996", "C1166", "C1613", "C2063" ], "source_ids": [ "S84", "S474", "S561", "S1080" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The 1903 Philippine reform defined a gold peso and made US gold dollars tender at two pesos per dollar. The date is enactment; commencement depended on the stipulated coin supply. Spanish and Mexican predecessors are additional inputs, not erased by the new standard. The1903 US-dollar statutory ratio is monetary-standard/legal-tender influence. It is not in itself conversion of prior USD account obligations into a new Philippine unit. Keep optional standard-adoption context, excluded from ancestry.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Qualified local scope and open successor", "text": "Shared Javanese monetary vocabulary does not establish a Java-to-Laguna inheritance or a continuous route into the Philippine peso. Do not equate this single record with a currency of the whole archipelago.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000507", "label": "Australian dollar", "aliases": [ "Australian dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0050", "R0053", "R0367" ], "claim_ids": [ "C183", "C184", "C185", "C188", "C434", "C435", "C436", "C437", "C438", "C946" ], "source_ids": [ "S91", "S92", "S93", "S96", "S200", "S239" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "AUD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000507" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000508", "label": "Australian pound", "relationship_id": "R0050", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1966, "latest_year": 1966, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1966" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C184" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0050", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000507", "label": "Australian dollar", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "AUD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000178", "T-FTM000513" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C183", "C184", "C185", "C188", "C434", "C435", "C436", "C437", "C438", "C946" ], "source_ids": [ "S91", "S92", "S93", "S96", "S200", "S239" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0053", "R0367" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000508", "label": "Australian pound", "aliases": [ "Australian pound" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0050", "R0358" ], "claim_ids": [ "C184", "C435", "C936", "C1483", "C1645" ], "source_ids": [ "S91", "S93", "S200", "S784", "S777" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000508", "label": "Australian pound", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000178", "T-FTM000507", "T-FTM000513" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C184", "C435", "C936", "C1483", "C1645" ], "source_ids": [ "S91", "S93", "S200", "S784", "S777" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0050" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1483-T-FTM000508-1910", "scope": "Australian sterling use and localnoteissue preceded demonstrated separateaccountunit; preserve asprofilecontext.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1825, "latest_year": 1910, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1825–1910" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1483" ], "source_ids": [ "S784", "S777", "S93" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Australian sterling use and localnoteissue preceded demonstrated separateaccountunit; preserve asprofilecontext.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Australian pound separated from the common sterling account system during1929–1936monetary breakup; earlier local sterling use and notes are continuity observations. Original account-unit research explicitly identifies regional separation. Earlier common-unit evidence affects branchdate/profileepoch, not existence of ancestry.1825/1910notproven distinct-unit birth.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000509", "label": "New Zealand dollar", "aliases": [ "New Zealand dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000509", "label": "New Zealand dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C186" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0051" ], "claim_ids": [ "C186", "C465" ], "source_ids": [ "S94", "S210" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "NZD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000509" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000510", "label": "New Zealand pound", "relationship_id": "R0051", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1967, "latest_year": 1967, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1967" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C186" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0051", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000509", "label": "New Zealand dollar", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "NZD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C186", "C465" ], "source_ids": [ "S94", "S210" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000510", "label": "New Zealand pound", "aliases": [ "New Zealand pound", "Western Samoan pound — local New Zealand-pound issues" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0051", "R0364", "R0359" ], "claim_ids": [ "C186", "C937", "C942", "C1638", "C1646", "C1649", "C943" ], "source_ids": [ "S94", "S98", "S449", "S451", "S774", "S825", "S826", "S779", "S778" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000510", "label": "New Zealand pound", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000190", "T-FTM000509" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C186", "C937", "C942", "C1638", "C1646", "C1649", "C943" ], "source_ids": [ "S94", "S98", "S449", "S451", "S774", "S825", "S826", "S779", "S778" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0051", "R0364" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Western Samoan pound is retained as a local-issue alias of the New Zealand pound,which was replaced by the tala in1967. Affirmative same-currency statutory wording plus authoritative explicit alias and replacement evidence supports consolidating the issuer node.1961section3remains uninspected but no positive independentaccountunit evidence overrides explicit alias. Preserve local legal-note/issuer chronology as profile epochs.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1933legislation established distinctive NZcurrency and default local contract denomination, with redemption of earlier local notes into new legalcurrency. Original central-bank legal study explicitly distinguishes NZpounds from sterlingissuedinNZ; indexed contract provision corroborates. No fixed sterling conversion ratio asserted.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "In Samoa,the New Zealand-pound account unit,locally called Western Samoan pound,was converted to tala at2tala per pound on10July1967. Redirect existing replacement after merger; preserve original local scope and10July1967date. Do not turn into universal replacement ofNZpound everywhere.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Western Samoan pound is retained as a local-issue alias of the New Zealand pound,which was replaced by the tala in1967. Affirmative same-currency statutory wording plus authoritative explicit alias and replacement evidence supports consolidating the issuer node.1961section3remains uninspected but no positive independentaccountunit evidence overrides explicit alias. Preserve local legal-note/issuer chronology as profile epochs.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000511", "label": "Fiji dollar, 1969 reform", "aliases": [ "Fiji dollar, 1969 reform" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000511", "label": "Fiji dollar, 1969 reform", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C187" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0052" ], "claim_ids": [ "C187" ], "source_ids": [ "S95" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "FJD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000511" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000512", "label": "Fiji pound", "relationship_id": "R0052", "kind": "replaced_by", "date": { "earliest_year": 1969, "latest_year": 1969, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1969" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C187" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0052", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000511", "label": "Fiji dollar, 1969 reform", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "FJD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C187" ], "source_ids": [ "S95" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000512", "label": "Fiji pound", "aliases": [ "Fiji pound" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0052", "R0360" ], "claim_ids": [ "C187", "C938", "C1485", "C1647" ], "source_ids": [ "S95", "S450", "S789", "S189" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000512", "label": "Fiji pound", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000511" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C187", "C938", "C1485", "C1647" ], "source_ids": [ "S95", "S450", "S789", "S189" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0052" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1485-T-FTM000512-1933", "scope": "The1933 ordinance established Fiji local monetary obligations on a separate sterling-exchange basis; local pound and sterling were distinguished legally.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1485" ], "source_ids": [ "S789", "S189" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The1933 ordinance established Fiji local monetary obligations on a separate sterling-exchange basis; local pound and sterling were distinguished legally.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Fiji developed a separate local pound from sterling during1929–1933;1933 legislation placed local monetary obligations on their own sterling-exchange basis. Original monetary research documents local monetary-account continuity from British currency and subsequent independent legal monetary regime.1914 issuer creation alone is not the unit birth.1929 is earliest observed market separation;1933 is firm legal endpoint for the bounded branch, not an exact claim of1929 legal founding.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000513", "label": "Solomon Islands dollar", "aliases": [ "Solomon Islands dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000513", "label": "Solomon Islands dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C188" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0053" ], "claim_ids": [ "C188" ], "source_ids": [ "S96" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SBD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000513" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000507", "label": "Australian dollar", "relationship_id": "R0053", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1977, "latest_year": 1977, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1977" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C188" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0053", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000513", "label": "Solomon Islands dollar", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "SBD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C188" ], "source_ids": [ "S96" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000515", "label": "British Caribbean / East Caribbean dollar", "aliases": [ "East Caribbean dollar", "British Caribbean Currency Board dollar", "Barbados colonial dollar accounts and note issues" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000514", "label": "British Caribbean Currency Board dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C189", "C191", "C193", "C194" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000515", "label": "East Caribbean dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C189", "C190", "C194" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0054", "parent": "T-FTM000514", "child": "T-FTM000515", "kind": "replaced_by", "layer": "primary", "claim_ids": [ "C189" ], "source": "canonical research", "date": { "earliest_year": 1965, "latest_year": 1965, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1965" }, "scope": "ECCA-member area only.", "status": "supported_draft", "valuation_ids": [], "valuation_policy": "Pair matching is context only. Check date, jurisdiction, denomination and review qualifications before applying any rate.", "original_parent": "T-FTM000514", "original_child": "T-FTM000515", "currency_id": "T-FTM000515", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0055", "R0056", "R0057", "R-V27-024", "R0401" ], "claim_ids": [ "C189", "C190", "C194", "C191", "C193", "C984", "C1506", "C1516", "C1517", "C1591", "C1682", "C983", "C1473", "C1656", "C1964", "C1965" ], "source_ids": [ "S97", "S98", "S100", "S101", "S467", "S830", "S848", "S736", "S1020", "S1021", "S1022" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "XCD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000515" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000476", "label": "Spanish real / peso de a ocho", "relationship_id": "R-V27-024", "kind": "account_unit_branching", "date": { "earliest_year": 1838, "latest_year": 1838, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1838" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1682" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V27-024", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000515", "label": "British Caribbean / East Caribbean dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "XCD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000516", "T-FTM000519", "T-FTM000520" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C189", "C190", "C194", "C191", "C193", "C984", "C1506", "C1516", "C1517", "C1591", "C1682", "C983", "C1473", "C1656" ], "source_ids": [ "S97", "S98", "S100", "S101", "S467", "S830", "S848", "S736" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0055", "R0056", "R0057" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1506-T-FTM000515-1838", "scope": "The inherited regional dollar account unit retained its identity under the1838sterling rating.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1838, "latest_year": 1838, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1838" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1506" ], "source_ids": [ "S830" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1516-T-FTM000515-1946", "scope": "The British West Indian dollar already existed as a principal unit before the regional currency-board reforms; the1946conference proposed retaining it as chief unit.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1946, "latest_year": 1946, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1946" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1516" ], "source_ids": [ "S848" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1517-T-FTM000515-1949", "scope": "Barbados government accounts moved to dollar reckoning from1April1949 under Public Accounts Act1of1949.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1949, "latest_year": 1949, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1949" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1517" ], "source_ids": [ "S736" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1473-T-FTM000960-1949", "scope": "Barbados governmentaccounts changefromsterling to dollarsandcents effective1April1949 underPublicAccountsAct1.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1949, "latest_year": 1949, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1949" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1473" ], "source_ids": [ "S736" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The inherited regional dollar account unit retained its identity under the1838sterling rating.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The British West Indian dollar already existed as a principal unit before the regional currency-board reforms; the1946conference proposed retaining it as chief unit.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Barbados government accounts moved to dollar reckoning from1April1949 under Public Accounts Act1of1949.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Barbados colonial-dollar profile represents a territorial administration of the existing British West Indian dollar, continued as the principal unit under regional currency arrangements. The1951transfer of note issue does not create an additional currency identity. Primary contemporary ministerial evidence explicitly identifies the proposed common principal unit as an existing unit. Under the project's unit-of-account identity rule, the instrument/issuer boundary should be merged, while account observations and institutional history remain. This supersedes the earlier unresolved classification; not a parity-only merger.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Barbados governmentaccounts changefromsterling to dollarsandcents effective1April1949 underPublicAccountsAct1.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Barbados colonial-dollar profile represents a territorial administration of the existing British West Indian dollar, continued as the principal unit under regional currency arrangements. The1951transfer of note issue does not create an additional currency identity. Primary contemporary ministerial evidence explicitly identifies the proposed common principal unit as an existing unit. Under the project's unit-of-account identity rule, the instrument/issuer boundary should be merged, while account observations and institutional history remain. This supersedes the earlier unresolved classification; not a parity-only merger.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Sterling coins and the sterling rating coexisted with the inherited British West Indian dollar account unit. They do not make sterling its account-unit parent. The independently sourced Spanish-dollar ancestry replaces the earlier mixed-circulation inference.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "adopted_basis_relationship_ids": [ "SP-V32-004", "SP-V32-005" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000516", "label": "Trinidad and Tobago dollar", "aliases": [ "Trinidad and Tobago dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000516", "label": "Trinidad and Tobago dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C191" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0055" ], "claim_ids": [ "C191", "C460", "C461", "C462" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S207" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "TTD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000516" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000515", "label": "British Caribbean / East Caribbean dollar", "relationship_id": "R0055", "kind": "forked_from", "date": { "earliest_year": 1964, "latest_year": 1964, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1964" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C191" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0055", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000516", "label": "Trinidad and Tobago dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "TTD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C191", "C460", "C461", "C462" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S207" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000517", "label": "Jamaican dollar", "aliases": [ "Jamaican dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0058", "R0366" ], "claim_ids": [ "C192", "C463", "C464", "C945" ], "source_ids": [ "S99", "S208", "S209", "S265" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "JMD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000517" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000518", "label": "Jamaican pound", "relationship_id": "R0058", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1969, "latest_year": 1969, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1969" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C192" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0058", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000517", "label": "Jamaican dollar", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "JMD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000219" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C192", "C463", "C464", "C945" ], "source_ids": [ "S99", "S208", "S209", "S265" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0366" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000518", "label": "Jamaican pound", "aliases": [ "Jamaican pound" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0058", "R0365" ], "claim_ids": [ "C192", "C944" ], "source_ids": [ "S99" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000518", "label": "Jamaican pound", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000219", "T-FTM000517" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C192", "C944" ], "source_ids": [ "S99" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0058" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000519", "label": "Guyana dollar", "aliases": [ "Guyana dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000519", "label": "Guyana dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C193" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0056" ], "claim_ids": [ "C193" ], "source_ids": [ "S100" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "GYD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000519" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000515", "label": "British Caribbean / East Caribbean dollar", "relationship_id": "R0056", "kind": "forked_from", "date": { "earliest_year": 1965, "latest_year": 1965, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1965" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C193" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0056", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000519", "label": "Guyana dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "GYD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C193" ], "source_ids": [ "S100" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000520", "label": "Barbados dollar", "aliases": [ "Barbados dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000520", "label": "Barbados dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C194", "C195" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0057" ], "claim_ids": [ "C194", "C195" ], "source_ids": [ "S101", "S102" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BBD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000520" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000515", "label": "British Caribbean / East Caribbean dollar", "relationship_id": "R0057", "kind": "forked_from", "date": { "earliest_year": 1973, "latest_year": 1973, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1973" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C194" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0057", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000520", "label": "Barbados dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "BBD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C194", "C195" ], "source_ids": [ "S101", "S102" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000521", "label": "Bahamian dollar", "aliases": [ "Bahamian dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000521", "label": "Bahamian dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C196" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0059" ], "claim_ids": [ "C196" ], "source_ids": [ "S98" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BSD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000521" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000497", "label": "Pound sterling", "relationship_id": "R0059", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1966, "latest_year": 1966, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1966" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C196" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0059", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000521", "label": "Bahamian dollar", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "BSD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C196" ], "source_ids": [ "S98" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000523", "label": "Bermudian dollar", "aliases": [ "Bermudian dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000523", "label": "Bermudian dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C197", "C198" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0060" ], "claim_ids": [ "C197", "C198", "C439", "C440", "C441", "C442", "C443", "C1966" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S103", "S201", "S202" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BMD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000523" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000497", "label": "Pound sterling", "relationship_id": "R0060", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1970, "latest_year": 1970, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1970" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C197" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0060", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000523", "label": "Bermudian dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "BMD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C197", "C198", "C439", "C440", "C441", "C442", "C443" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S103", "S201", "S202" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "adopted_basis_relationship_ids": [ "SP-V32-006" ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000525", "label": "British Honduras / Belize dollar", "aliases": [ "British Honduras / Belize dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-020", "R0404" ], "claim_ids": [ "C199", "C986", "C1488", "C1592", "C1678" ], "source_ids": [ "S104", "S800", "S801", "S732" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "BZD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000525" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000074", "label": "Guatemalan peso", "relationship_id": "R-V27-020", "kind": "currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1894, "latest_year": 1894, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1894" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1678" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V27-020", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000525", "label": "British Honduras / Belize dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "BZD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C199", "C986", "C1488", "C1592", "C1678" ], "source_ids": [ "S104", "S800", "S801", "S732" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1488-T-FTM000525-1894", "scope": "New British Honduras dollar accounting followed15October1894replacement, with prices and wages adjusting from former sols.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1894, "latest_year": 1894, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1894" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1488" ], "source_ids": [ "S800", "S801" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "New British Honduras dollar accounting followed15October1894replacement, with prices and wages adjusting from former sols.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Sterlingcoin circulation does not establish sterling as the accountunit immediately replaced in1894. Primary1894ordinance instead makes USDgold the standardforcontracts. Remove foundingancestry; retainmixedcirculation/standard context. Do not autoaddUSDparent until BZDseparation fromthe adoptedUSDunit is evidenced.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000526", "label": "Surinamese dollar", "aliases": [ "Surinamese dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000526", "label": "Surinamese dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C200" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0064" ], "claim_ids": [ "C200", "C444", "C445", "C446", "C447", "C448", "C449", "C450" ], "source_ids": [ "S105", "S203", "S204" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SRD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000526" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000527", "label": "Surinamese guilder", "relationship_id": "R0064", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 2004, "latest_year": 2004, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "2004" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C200" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. Do not create a card-money node automatically. The 1761–1828 local card-guilder had distinct valuations, but separation from the contemporary Surinaams courant and its precise account scope require additional adjudication. The 1827 replacement is recorded as evidence only.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0064", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000526", "label": "Surinamese dollar", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [ "SRD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C200", "C444", "C445", "C446", "C447", "C448", "C449", "C450" ], "source_ids": [ "S105", "S203", "S204" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000527", "label": "Surinamese guilder", "aliases": [ "Surinamese guilder" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000527", "label": "Surinamese guilder", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C200" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1271-1940", "label": "The central bank dates the autonomous Surinamese monetary period from 1940. An observed independent territorial system, not an exact first-day birth assertion.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1940, "latest_year": 1940, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1940" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1271" ], "source_ids": [ "S622" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0064", "R-V25-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C200", "C445", "C1246", "C1271", "C1599" ], "source_ids": [ "S105", "S203", "S622", "S623", "S835" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1271-T-FTM000527-1940", "scope": "The central bank dates the autonomous Surinamese monetary period from 1940. An observed independent territorial system, not an exact first-day birth assertion.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1940, "latest_year": 1940, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1940" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1271" ], "source_ids": [ "S622" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The central bank dates the autonomous Surinamese monetary period from 1940. An observed independent territorial system, not an exact first-day birth assertion.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Surinamese guilder separated from the Netherlands monetary system in1940, beginning local monetary autonomy. Explicit monetary-authority account of separation establishes branching without requiring an uninspected universal conversion clause. Does not make USD peg ancestry.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000527", "label": "Surinamese guilder", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000526" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C200", "C445", "C1246", "C1271", "C1599" ], "source_ids": [ "S105", "S203", "S622", "S623", "S835" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0064" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000528", "label": "Namibia dollar", "aliases": [ "Namibia dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0373" ], "claim_ids": [ "C201", "C202", "C952" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S106" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "NAD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000528" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000529", "label": "South African rand — origin and Namibia context", "relationship_id": "R0373", "kind": "local_issue_succeeds_imported_currency", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993-09-15", "iso_date": "1993-09-15" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C952" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0373", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000528", "label": "Namibia dollar", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "NAD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C201", "C202", "C952" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S106" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000529", "label": "South African rand — origin and Namibia context", "aliases": [ "South African rand — origin and Namibia context" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000683", "label": "Rand — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C509" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0369", "R0370", "R0371", "R0372", "R0373" ], "claim_ids": [ "C202", "C509", "C948", "C949", "C950", "C951", "C952" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S233", "S243", "S244" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "ZAR", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000529" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000191", "label": "South African pound", "relationship_id": "R0369", "kind": "decimal_currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1961, "latest_year": 1961, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1961-02-14", "iso_date": "1961-02-14" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C948" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0369", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000529", "label": "South African rand — origin and Namibia context", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "ZAR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000193", "FTM000194", "FTM000195", "T-FTM000528" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C202", "C509", "C948", "C949", "C950", "C951", "C952" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S233", "S243", "S244" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0370", "R0371", "R0372", "R0373" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000532", "label": "Zimbabwe Gold (ZiG), 2024 introduction", "aliases": [ "Zimbabwe Gold (ZiG), 2024 introduction" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000532", "label": "Zimbabwe Gold (ZiG), 2024 introduction", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C206" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-016" ], "claim_ids": [ "C206", "C1118" ], "source_ids": [ "S110" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "ZWG", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000532" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "FTM000164", "label": "Zimbabwe dollar — restored 2019 currency", "relationship_id": "R-V22-016", "kind": "statutory_unit_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 2024, "latest_year": 2024, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "2024" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C1118" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ExistingZiGlineage now reaches2019local USD-account conversion. Protected foreign-currency obligations are excluded; pre2009Zimbabwe-dollar continuity remains open.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R-V22-016", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000532", "label": "Zimbabwe Gold (ZiG), 2024 introduction", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [ "ZWG" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C206", "C1118" ], "source_ids": [ "S110" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000533", "label": "Ecuadorian sucre", "aliases": [ "Ecuadorian sucre" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000533", "label": "Ecuadorian sucre", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C207" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-011", "R-V27-036" ], "claim_ids": [ "C207", "C1429", "C1441", "C1694" ], "source_ids": [ "S111", "S718", "S862" ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 2000, "assertion": "Ecuador adopted dollar accounting in 2000; the reported final cash-exchange deadline was 8 June 2001. Residual redemption is separate from active unit replacement.", "locator": "II.A, printed6–7", "successor_ids": [ "T-FTM000481" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S718" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1441" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000533", "label": "Ecuadorian sucre", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000113", "FTM000114", "T-FTM000481", "T-FTM000532" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 2000, "assertion": "Ecuador adopted dollar accounting in 2000; the reported final cash-exchange deadline was 8 June 2001. Residual redemption is separate from active unit replacement.", "locator": "II.A, printed6–7", "successor_ids": [ "T-FTM000481" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S718" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1441" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C207", "C1429", "C1441", "C1694" ], "source_ids": [ "S111", "S718", "S862" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-011" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000535", "label": "Livre tournois", "aliases": [ "Livre tournois" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000535", "label": "Livre tournois", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C210", "C219", "C221", "C222", "C227" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000559", "label": "Livre–sou–denier accounting", "record_types": [ "system" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C232", "C233", "C716", "C719", "C727" ], "source_ids": [ "S115", "S120", "S127", "S365", "S368", "S371" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000561", "label": "Sou / sol", "record_types": [ "account_unit" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C232", "C233", "C715" ], "source_ids": [ "S115", "S120", "S364" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000814", "label": "Abbey of Saint-Martin tournois denier", "record_types": [ "coinage_family" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C723", "C724", "C725" ], "source_ids": [ "S127", "S392", "S393" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000553", "label": "Franc à cheval", "record_types": [ "coin_type" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C228", "C728", "C729", "C730", "C732" ], "source_ids": [ "S117", "S372", "S394", "S395" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000817", "label": "Franc à pied", "record_types": [ "coinage_family" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C730" ], "source_ids": [ "S395" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000552", "label": "Henri III silver franc", "record_types": [ "coin_type" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C227", "C731" ], "source_ids": [ "S115" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000536", "label": "Assignats", "record_types": [ "instrument" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C210", "C211", "C212", "C213", "C214", "C217", "C741" ], "source_ids": [ "S12", "S13", "S391" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0072", "R-V19-REG-01" ], "claim_ids": [ "C210", "C219", "C221", "C222", "C227", "C725", "C726", "C727", "C728", "C731", "C733", "C735", "C741", "C1032", "C1797" ], "source_ids": [ "S12", "S112", "S114", "S115", "S117", "S125", "S127", "S371", "S372", "S373", "S374", "S391", "S394", "S483", "S938" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000535", "label": "Livre tournois", "navigation_group": "France and western antecedents", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000263", "FTM000264", "FTM000266", "FTM000268", "FTM000271", "FTM000272", "FTM000273", "FTM000275", "FTM000283", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C210", "C219", "C221", "C222", "C227", "C725", "C726", "C727", "C728", "C731", "C733", "C735", "C741", "C1032", "C1797" ], "source_ids": [ "S12", "S112", "S114", "S115", "S117", "S125", "S127", "S371", "S372", "S373", "S374", "S391", "S394", "S483", "S938" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0072" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Livre-to-franc succession is supported with transitional treatment:1799 law preserves old obligations in livre value while providing their settlement under franc reckoning;contemporary courts enforce the distinction. Actual obligation treatment strengthens naming reform. Broaden date to1795–1799 instead of asserting all accounting changed7 April1795.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000560", "label": "Frankish denier–livre reckoning", "aliases": [ "Carolingian account pound", "Carolingian pound of account", "Frankish denier–livre reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000560", "label": "Carolingian account pound", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C232" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000559", "label": "Livre–sou–denier accounting", "record_types": [ "system" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C232", "C233", "C716", "C719", "C727" ], "source_ids": [ "S115", "S120", "S127", "S365", "S368", "S371" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000561", "label": "Sou / sol", "record_types": [ "account_unit" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C232", "C233", "C715" ], "source_ids": [ "S115", "S120", "S364" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V19-REG-01", "R-V19-REG-02", "R-V31-002", "CTX-V29-014", "CTX-V31-015", "R-V34-001", "R-V34-004", "R-V34-005", "R-V34-006", "R-V41-001", "R-V41-002", "R-V41-003", "R-V44-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C232", "C1026", "C1027", "C1031", "C1046", "C1028", "C1029", "C1030", "C1032", "C1033", "C1034", "C1043", "C1047", "C1048", "C1056", "C1065", "C1066", "C1067", "C1068", "C1069", "C1070", "C1071", "C1092", "C1093", "C1094", "C1095", "C1320", "C1321", "C1831", "C1832", "C1833", "C1834", "C1850", "C1944", "C1945", "C1975", "C1987", "C1989", "C1990", "C1991", "C1992", "C2094", "C2097", "C2098", "C2099", "C2109" ], "source_ids": [ "S115", "S483", "S487", "S488", "S127", "S371", "S486", "S489", "S492", "S499", "S500", "S501", "S502", "S503", "S521", "S146", "S638", "S639", "S951", "S949", "S950", "S947", "S948", "S944", "S999", "S988", "S930", "S1029", "S1031", "S1032", "S1100", "S497", "S1109" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS-V19-2", "scope": "Account solidus of twelve denarii", "date": { "earliest_year": 755, "latest_year": 755, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "755" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1026" ], "source_ids": [ "S483" ], "original_track_id": "T-FTM000560", "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation" }, { "event_id": "OBS-V19-3", "scope": "Carolingian 240-denier pound reckoning", "date": { "earliest_year": 794, "latest_year": 794, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "794" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1027" ], "source_ids": [ "S483" ], "original_track_id": "T-FTM000560", "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation" }, { "event_id": "OBS-V19-4", "scope": "Qualified extension from late-Merovingian deniers; account continuity inferred", "date": { "earliest_year": 670, "latest_year": 675, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "c.670–675" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1031" ], "source_ids": [ "S483" ], "original_track_id": "T-FTM000560", "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation" }, { "event_id": "OBS-V19-5", "scope": "Annual payment obligation in solidus defined as twelve denarii; no 240-denier pound asserted here", "date": { "earliest_year": 743, "latest_year": 744, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "743–744" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1046" ], "source_ids": [ "S487", "S488" ], "original_track_id": "T-FTM000560", "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation" }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1831-T-FTM000560-745", "scope": "Spufford reports that Pope Zacharias’s 745 letter to Boniface treats the solidus as twelve deniers. This is an additional dated accounting witness within the existing Frankish profile, cited through original scholarship.", "date": { "earliest_year": 745, "latest_year": 745, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "745" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1831" ], "source_ids": [ "S951" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_qualifications": [ "743–744 is a dated legal obligation, earlier than the recovered 755 anchor.", "670–675 is a qualified identity extension from coinage evidence, not a directly dated account.", "Solidus units vary by context; no universal Roman bridge is admitted." ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Western accounting frontier", "text": "Angers loan formulas and the 803/816 settlement provisions narrow the western solidus question. Redaction dates and different legal reckonings remain explicit; no late-Roman ancestry bridge is admitted.", "report_url": "/revision-21/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Bothe reports the hypothesis that Salic forty-denarius reckoning refers to the late-Roman siliqua of Honorius and successors, while emphasizing disputed dating of the law's formation.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Drew identifies the Salic forty-denarius equation as distinct from both Roman imperial and Carolingian reckoning and flags unresolved monetary interpretation; the ratio alone cannot establish a Roman currency identity bridge.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Spufford reports that Pope Zacharias’s 745 letter to Boniface treats the solidus as twelve deniers. This is an additional dated accounting witness within the existing Frankish profile, cited through original scholarship.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Spufford argues that the legal and transactional solidus, reckoned as three late gold tremisses, continued as an account unit reckoned as twelve silver deniers. This supports an earlier phase of the existing Frankish account profile, with transition dating qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Marculf II.26 models a loan principal and repayment in solidi with annual interest of one triens per solidus. The collection is bounded by a 589 earliest compilation possibility and reception in the 720s; this is evidence of Merovingian contractual reckoning, not an executed loan dated to either endpoint.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Gregory III.33 acknowledges receipt of 400 Gallican solidi in church revenue, dated April 593. This is a geographically scoped Gallic revenue-account observation retained as context: it does not identify this southern Gallic unit with every later Frankish reckoning.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Account-reckoning transmission", "text": "Frankish twelve-penny shilling reckoning entered English usage by the late tenth/early eleventh century, alongside older four- and five-penny shillings. This was subdivision transmission within an existing English penny system.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Account-reckoning transmission", "text": "AfonsoIII adopted French libra reckoning above existing soldo/dinheiro accounts; the Frankish node represents tradition, not an identified immediate parent.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Salic forty-denar solidus: redaction still unresolved", "text": "Salic Law I.1, II.3 and L.2 explicitly denominate fines and payment-default additions at forty denars per solidus. This is legal account evidence, but its transmitted clauses are not individually dated here. Neither the Roman parentage of this reckoning nor its identity with the later twelve-denier solidus follows from the shared names.", "report_url": "/revision-33/index.html" }, { "title": "roman_frankish", "text": "Frankish reckoning continues the late-Roman solidus account tradition: solidus reckoning survived the change from gold tremisses to silver deniers. Admit regional ancestry; the exact differentiation date and intermediate local stages remain unresolved.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "frankish_barcelona", "text": "Catalan denier–solidus–libra accounting extends the Carolingian system. Retain the Barcelona branch and qualify the regional separation chronology.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "frankish_portugal", "text": "The regional denier–solidus–libra system has Carolingian ancestry. This compressed ancestry link leaves intervening stages and the immediate parent unresolved; it does not establish direct siblinghood.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "frankish_navarre", "text": "The regional denier–solidus–libra system has Carolingian ancestry. This compressed ancestry link leaves intervening stages and the immediate parent unresolved; it does not establish direct siblinghood.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "frankish_jaca", "text": "The regional denier–solidus–libra system has Carolingian ancestry. This compressed ancestry link leaves intervening stages and the immediate parent unresolved; it does not establish direct siblinghood.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "Frankish reckoning, varied English shillings", "text": "The Royal Mint Museum explicitly traces English reckoning to the Frankish kingdom. This supports transmission of an account system; it does not date a single founding reform. Hines's four-penny shilling in the 930s and Naismith's account of Offa's Frankish coin models prevent a uniform twelve-penny shilling or an exact Offa conversion from being projected across Anglo-Saxon England.", "report_url": "/revision-41/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier European account ancestry", "text": "English penny–pound reckoning has Frankish account ancestry: the Royal Mint Museum explicitly describes transmission of the reckoning system. Admit a qualified, compressed ancestry link, without identifying a single founder, exact adoption date, conversion rate or uniform early shilling. The seventh century through William I is a research envelope, not a dated observation or a claim that transmission lasted this whole period.", "report_url": "/revision-41/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier European account ancestry", "text": "Qualified Frankish ancestry of Valencian accounting through the Crown of Catalonia-Aragon: MEC6 identifies Carolingian-derived accounts and their regional diner basis. Intermediates and conversion terms remain open; 800–1300 is a research envelope, not a foundation date.", "report_url": "/revision-41/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier European account ancestry", "text": "Qualified Frankish ancestry of Mallorcan accounting through the Crown of Catalonia-Aragon: MEC6's account-system synthesis supports the older ancestry. This does not establish Valencia as the immediate parent or turn coin replacement into debt conversion. The 800–1300 research envelope is not a foundation date.", "report_url": "/revision-41/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000560", "label": "Frankish denier–livre reckoning", "navigation_group": "France and western antecedents", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000092", "FTM000151", "FTM000153", "FTM000156", "FTM000159", "FTM000162", "FTM000178", "FTM000188", "FTM000190", "FTM000193", "FTM000194", "FTM000195", "FTM000200", "FTM000203", "FTM000219", "FTM000223", "FTM000225", "FTM000232", "FTM000263", "FTM000264", "FTM000266", "FTM000268", "FTM000271", "FTM000272", "FTM000273", "FTM000275", "FTM000283", "FTM000387", "T-FTM000464", "T-FTM000492", "T-FTM000497", "T-FTM000507", "T-FTM000509", "T-FTM000511", "T-FTM000513", "T-FTM000517", "T-FTM000521", "T-FTM000523", "T-FTM000528", "T-FTM000529", "T-FTM000642", "T-FTM000644", "T-FTM000645", "T-FTM000647" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C232", "C1026", "C1027", "C1031", "C1046", "C1028", "C1029", "C1030", "C1032", "C1033", "C1034", "C1043", "C1047", "C1048", "C1056", "C1065", "C1066", "C1067", "C1068", "C1069", "C1070", "C1071", "C1092", "C1093", "C1094", "C1095", "C1320", "C1321", "C1831", "C1832", "C1833", "C1834", "C1850", "C1944", "C1945", "C1975", "C1987", "C1989", "C1990", "C1991", "C1992", "C2094", "C2097", "C2098", "C2099", "C2109" ], "source_ids": [ "S115", "S483", "S487", "S488", "S127", "S371", "S486", "S489", "S492", "S499", "S500", "S501", "S502", "S503", "S521", "S146", "S638", "S639", "S951", "S949", "S950", "S947", "S948", "S944", "S999", "S988", "S930", "S1029", "S1031", "S1032", "S1100", "S497", "S1109" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V19-REG-01", "R-V19-REG-02", "R-V31-002", "R-V34-004", "R-V34-005", "R-V34-006", "R-V41-001", "R-V41-002", "R-V41-003", "R-V44-002" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000590", "label": "Pound Scots", "aliases": [ "Pound Scots account unit" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000590", "label": "Pound Scots account unit", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C271", "C272" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH42-C2100", "label": "A distinct Scottish account pound", "date": { "earliest_year": 1560, "latest_year": 1560, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1560" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2100" ], "source_ids": [ "S1101" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH42-C2101", "label": "Twelve Scots pounds to one sterling pound", "date": { "earliest_year": 1604, "latest_year": 1604, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1604" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2101" ], "source_ids": [ "S142" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH42-C2102", "label": "Scottish accounts survive the coinage union", "date": { "earliest_year": 1740, "latest_year": 1740, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1740" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2102" ], "source_ids": [ "S142" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V42-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C271", "C272", "C294", "C2100", "C2101", "C2102", "C2103" ], "source_ids": [ "S142", "S1101", "S1102" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000590", "label": "Pound Scots", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C271", "C272", "C294", "C2100", "C2101", "C2102", "C2103" ], "source_ids": [ "S142", "S1101", "S1102" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "A distinct Scottish account pound", "text": "In 1560 five pounds Scots equalled one pound sterling. This is a dated account valuation, not the introduction of the pound Scots.", "report_url": "/revision-42/index.html" }, { "title": "Twelve Scots pounds to one sterling pound", "text": "The coordinated coin proclamations of 1604 established a 12:1 relation between Scots and sterling accounting units. This account equivalence is distinct from the market exchange rate of actual circulating coins.", "report_url": "/revision-42/index.html" }, { "title": "Scottish accounts survive the coinage union", "text": "Newspaper advertisements as late as 1740 still quoted prices in pounds Scots or merks alongside sterling. The 1707 coinage union did not abolish the Scottish account units; their final disappearance is not dated here.", "report_url": "/revision-42/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS42-C2100-T-FTM000590-1560", "scope": "In 1560 five pounds Scots equalled one pound sterling. This is a dated account valuation, not the introduction of the pound Scots.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1560, "latest_year": 1560, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1560" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2100" ], "source_ids": [ "S1101" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS42-C2101-T-FTM000590-1604", "scope": "The coordinated coin proclamations of 1604 established a 12:1 relation between Scots and sterling accounting units. This account equivalence is distinct from the market exchange rate of actual circulating coins.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1604, "latest_year": 1604, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1604" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2101" ], "source_ids": [ "S142" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS42-C2102-T-FTM000590-1740", "scope": "Newspaper advertisements as late as 1740 still quoted prices in pounds Scots or merks alongside sterling. The 1707 coinage union did not abolish the Scottish account units; their final disappearance is not dated here.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1740, "latest_year": 1740, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1740" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2102" ], "source_ids": [ "S142" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000604", "label": "Irish pound — pre-1826 account unit", "aliases": [ "Pre-1826 Irish pound account unit" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000604", "label": "Pre-1826 Irish pound account unit", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C296", "C297", "C298", "C303", "C304" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0108" ], "claim_ids": [ "C296", "C297", "C298", "C303", "C304" ], "source_ids": [ "S152", "S153", "S155" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000604", "label": "Irish pound — pre-1826 account unit", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000178", "FTM000188", "FTM000190", "FTM000193", "FTM000194", "FTM000195", "FTM000200", "FTM000203", "FTM000219", "FTM000223", "FTM000225", "FTM000387", "T-FTM000464", "T-FTM000492", "T-FTM000497", "T-FTM000507", "T-FTM000509", "T-FTM000511", "T-FTM000513", "T-FTM000517", "T-FTM000521", "T-FTM000523", "T-FTM000528", "T-FTM000529", "T-FTM000642", "T-FTM000644", "T-FTM000645", "T-FTM000647" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C296", "C297", "C298", "C303", "C304" ], "source_ids": [ "S152", "S153", "S155" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0108" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000606", "label": "New Brunswick decimal dollar", "aliases": [ "New Brunswick decimal dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000606", "label": "New Brunswick decimal dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C305" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0137" ], "claim_ids": [ "C305", "C385", "C386", "C388", "C389", "C390", "C391", "C392", "C393", "C394", "C395", "C396", "C397" ], "source_ids": [ "S156", "S186", "S187", "S188" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000606", "label": "New Brunswick decimal dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C305", "C385", "C386", "C388", "C389", "C390", "C391", "C392", "C393", "C394", "C395", "C396", "C397" ], "source_ids": [ "S156", "S186", "S187", "S188" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000607", "label": "Prince Edward Island pound of account", "aliases": [ "Prince Edward Island pound of account" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000607", "label": "Prince Edward Island pound of account", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C306", "C307" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0110" ], "claim_ids": [ "C306", "C307" ], "source_ids": [ "S156" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000607", "label": "Prince Edward Island pound of account", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000492" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C306", "C307" ], "source_ids": [ "S156" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0110" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000608", "label": "Prince Edward Island decimal dollar", "aliases": [ "Prince Edward Island decimal dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000608", "label": "Prince Edward Island decimal dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C307", "C308", "C312" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0110", "R0114" ], "claim_ids": [ "C307", "C308", "C312" ], "source_ids": [ "S156", "S160" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000608", "label": "Prince Edward Island decimal dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000492" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C307", "C308", "C312" ], "source_ids": [ "S156", "S160" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0114" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000609", "label": "Vancouver Island decimal dollar", "aliases": [ "Vancouver Island decimal dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000609", "label": "Vancouver Island decimal dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C309", "C311" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0111", "R0113" ], "claim_ids": [ "C309", "C311" ], "source_ids": [ "S157", "S159" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000609", "label": "Vancouver Island decimal dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000492" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C309", "C311" ], "source_ids": [ "S157", "S159" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0113" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000610", "label": "British Columbia decimal dollar", "aliases": [ "British Columbia decimal dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000610", "label": "British Columbia decimal dollar", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C310", "C311", "C312" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0112", "R0113", "R0115" ], "claim_ids": [ "C310", "C311", "C312" ], "source_ids": [ "S158", "S159", "S160" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000610", "label": "British Columbia decimal dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000492" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C310", "C311", "C312" ], "source_ids": [ "S158", "S159", "S160" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0115" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000621", "label": "Castilian maravedí / real de vellón accounting", "aliases": [ "Castilian maravedí accounting unit", "Castilian maravedí of account", "Real de vellón accounting", "Castilian maravedí / real de vellón accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000621", "label": "Castilian maravedí accounting unit", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C335", "C336" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1279-1477", "label": "Gonzalo de Baeza’s treasury accounts beginning in 1477 converted payment amounts into maravedís. Firm account-unit witness; does not create an ancestry edge to the concurrent real.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1477, "latest_year": 1477, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1477" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1279" ], "source_ids": [ "S630" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000622", "label": "Castilian ducado / excelente de Granada, 1497", "record_types": [ "coin_type" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C336", "C369" ], "source_ids": [ "S171" ] }, { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000623", "label": "Castilian blanca, 1497 reform standard", "record_types": [ "coin_type" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C336", "C369" ], "source_ids": [ "S171" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V31-001", "R-V34-007", "R-V44-005" ], "claim_ids": [ "C335", "C336", "C1279", "C1932", "C1933", "C1936", "C1941", "C1943", "C1948", "C1993", "C1996", "C2112" ], "source_ids": [ "S171", "S630", "S992", "S998", "S995", "S931", "S1032", "S993", "S1107", "S1108" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1279-T-FTM000621-1477", "scope": "Gonzalo de Baeza’s treasury accounts beginning in 1477 converted payment amounts into maravedís. Firm account-unit witness; does not create an ancestry edge to the concurrent real.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1477, "latest_year": 1477, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1477" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1279" ], "source_ids": [ "S630" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1932-T-FTM000621-1182", "scope": "January 1182 fuero of SantaMaría deCortes computes monetary penalties at five sueldos per maravedí. This is an account-unit witness, not a coin-issue date. Association with the later billon-maravedí/realdevellón identity remains qualified; this is not a proved continuous obligation chain. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1182, "latest_year": 1182, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1182" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1932" ], "source_ids": [ "S992" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1933-T-FTM000621-1226", "scope": "A Toledo agreement uses a maravedí-account subdivision of five sueldos or 60 dineros when reciting an earlier 1164 agreement;1226 is the inspected document date. Association with the later billon-maravedí/realdevellón identity remains qualified; this is not a proved continuous obligation chain. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1226, "latest_year": 1226, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1226" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1933" ], "source_ids": [ "S992" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1941-T-FTM000621-1217", "scope": "Fernando III's treaty debt of 21000 maravedís was payable in specified amounts of billon; the 1218 renewal retained the obligation and payment alternatives. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1217, "latest_year": 1217, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1217" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1941" ], "source_ids": [ "S992" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Gonzalo de Baeza’s treasury accounts beginning in 1477 converted payment amounts into maravedís. Firm account-unit witness; does not create an ancestry edge to the concurrent real.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "January 1182 fuero of SantaMaría deCortes computes monetary penalties at five sueldos per maravedí. This is an account-unit witness, not a coin-issue date. Association with the later billon-maravedí/realdevellón identity remains qualified; this is not a proved continuous obligation chain. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A Toledo agreement uses a maravedí-account subdivision of five sueldos or 60 dineros when reciting an earlier 1164 agreement;1226 is the inspected document date. Association with the later billon-maravedí/realdevellón identity remains qualified; this is not a proved continuous obligation chain. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Eighteenth-century Castilian accounts use realdevellón as 34 maravedís, distinguished from the separately valued silverpeso.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Fernando III's treaty debt of 21000 maravedís was payable in specified amounts of billon; the 1218 renewal retained the obligation and payment alternatives. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "The realdevellón is a 34-maravedí accounting scale; retain within this profile under the no-scale-only-node rule, separately from the silverreal/peso profile.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "leon_castile", "text": "Castilian maravedí accounting gradually replaced the earlier solidus–dinero system. Admit account replacement with uncertain timing; 1100–1500 is a research envelope, not an observed conversion interval.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "held_almoravid", "text": "The maravedí adopted an Almoravid gold standard. Retain a candidate unit-adoption relationship pending a properly scoped Almoravid account profile and temporal assessment.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000621", "label": "Castilian maravedí / real de vellón accounting", "navigation_group": "Iberian account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000061", "FTM000070", "FTM000071", "FTM000075", "FTM000077", "FTM000081", "FTM000083", "FTM000092", "FTM000100", "FTM000113", "FTM000114", "FTM000140", "FTM000143", "FTM000171", "FTM000264", "FTM000293", "FTM000294", "FTM000340", "FTM000350", "FTM000387", "T-FTM000459", "T-FTM000464", "T-FTM000466", "T-FTM000478", "T-FTM000481", "T-FTM000500", "T-FTM000501", "T-FTM000502", "T-FTM000503", "T-FTM000515", "T-FTM000516", "T-FTM000519", "T-FTM000520", "T-FTM000525", "T-FTM000532" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C335", "C336", "C1279", "C1932", "C1933", "C1936", "C1941", "C1943", "C1948", "C1993", "C1996", "C2112" ], "source_ids": [ "S171", "S630", "S992", "S998", "S995", "S931", "S1032", "S993", "S1107", "S1108" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V31-001", "R-V44-005" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "identity_scope_notes": [ { "id": "T-FTM000621", "aliases": [ "Castilian maravedí of account", "Real de vellón accounting" ], "assertion": "The realdevellón is a 34-maravedí accounting scale; retain within this profile under the no-scale-only-node rule, separately from the silverreal/peso profile.", "revision": 31 } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000639", "label": "New Brunswick pound of account", "aliases": [ "New Brunswick pound of account" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000639", "label": "New Brunswick pound of account", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C385", "C386", "C387", "C388", "C389", "C395", "C396", "C397" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0137" ], "claim_ids": [ "C385", "C386", "C387", "C388", "C389", "C395", "C396", "C397" ], "source_ids": [ "S186", "S187" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000639", "label": "New Brunswick pound of account", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C385", "C386", "C387", "C388", "C389", "C395", "C396", "C397" ], "source_ids": [ "S186", "S187" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0137" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000640", "label": "West African Currency Board pound", "aliases": [ "West African Currency Board pound" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000640", "label": "West African Currency Board pound", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C398", "C399", "C400", "C401", "C402", "C403", "C405", "C406", "C412", "C413", "C416", "C418", "C419", "C432", "C433" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0138", "R0139", "R0141", "R0143", "R0144" ], "claim_ids": [ "C398", "C399", "C400", "C401", "C402", "C403", "C405", "C406", "C412", "C413", "C416", "C418", "C419", "C432", "C433", "C1576", "C1579", "C1580" ], "source_ids": [ "S189", "S190", "S191", "S193", "S194", "S795", "S796", "S793" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000640", "label": "West African Currency Board pound", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000642", "T-FTM000644", "T-FTM000645", "T-FTM000647" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C398", "C399", "C400", "C401", "C402", "C403", "C405", "C406", "C412", "C413", "C416", "C418", "C419", "C432", "C433", "C1576", "C1579", "C1580" ], "source_ids": [ "S189", "S190", "S191", "S193", "S194", "S795", "S796", "S793" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0139", "R0141", "R0143", "R0144" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Leone introduced4August1964 at10shillings; contemporary centralbank accounts use leones while WACB currency withdrawn. Original contemporary account history resolves succession; withdrawal endpoint not required.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "A separate WestAfricanpound succeeded preexisting Britishsterling circulation during1912–1913institution andissue transition; Britishsilver was actuallywithdrawn and repatriated atfacevalue. Originalscholarship explicitly identifies separatecurrency andregional succession; primaryanswer confirms withdrawal. Doesnotimply allindigenouscurrencies disappeared.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "WACB money was gradually replaced by Gambian pounds fromOctober1964 throughJune1968; the contemporary report separately identifies Gambian pound as nationalunit and reports actual exchanges and liabilities. Direct contemporary monetary and account history resolves regional succession; exact foundingday neednot be invented. Supersedes main bundle and earlier supplement held entry.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000641", "label": "Ghanaian pound", "aliases": [ "Ghanaian pound" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000641", "label": "Ghanaian pound", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C406", "C407" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0139", "R0140" ], "claim_ids": [ "C406", "C407", "C1574" ], "source_ids": [ "S190", "S719" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000641", "label": "Ghanaian pound", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000642" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C406", "C407", "C1574" ], "source_ids": [ "S190", "S719" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0140" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1965Act substitutes cedi principalunit and converts all poundreferences in enactments and written/oral obligations at £1=2.40cedis. Direct contractconversion; retain separately sourced commencement day.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000642", "label": "Ghanaian cedis", "aliases": [ "Ghanaian cedi — continuity across rescalings" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000642", "label": "Ghanaian cedi — continuity across rescalings", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C407", "C408", "C409", "C410", "C411", "C422", "C423", "C424", "C425", "C426", "C430" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0146", "track": "T-FTM000642", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 1967, "latest_year": 1967, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "17 February 1967" }, "claim_ids": [ "C408" ], "scope": "Same cedi continuity: 1 new unit replaces 1.20 old units.", "currency_id": "T-FTM000642", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0147", "track": "T-FTM000642", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 2007, "latest_year": 2007, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "3 July 2007 cash launch" }, "claim_ids": [ "C422", "C423", "C425", "C430" ], "scope": "Same cedi continuity: 1 new unit replaces 10,000 old units.", "currency_id": "T-FTM000642", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0140" ], "claim_ids": [ "C407", "C408", "C409", "C410", "C411", "C422", "C423", "C424", "C425", "C426", "C430", "C1574" ], "source_ids": [ "S190", "S196", "S719" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "GHS", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000642" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000641", "label": "Ghanaian pound", "relationship_id": "R0140", "kind": "decimal_currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1965, "latest_year": 1965, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1965" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C407", "C1574" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0140", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000642", "label": "Ghanaian cedis", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "GHS" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C407", "C408", "C409", "C410", "C411", "C422", "C423", "C424", "C425", "C426", "C430", "C1574" ], "source_ids": [ "S190", "S196", "S719" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1965Act substitutes cedi principalunit and converts all poundreferences in enactments and written/oral obligations at £1=2.40cedis. Direct contractconversion; retain separately sourced commencement day.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000643", "label": "Nigerian pound", "aliases": [ "Nigerian pound" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000643", "label": "Nigerian pound", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C412", "C413", "C414", "C415", "C433" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0141", "R0142", "R-V26-007" ], "claim_ids": [ "C412", "C413", "C414", "C415", "C433", "C456", "C1425", "C1589" ], "source_ids": [ "S189", "S191", "S192", "S206", "S713", "S708" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000643", "label": "Nigerian pound", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000644" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C412", "C413", "C414", "C415", "C433", "C456", "C1425", "C1589" ], "source_ids": [ "S189", "S191", "S192", "S206", "S713", "S708" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0142", "R-V26-007" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1967decree retained Nigerianmoney; January1968replacement establishes Biafran monetarysuccession; actual1969oil obligation denominated in Biafranpounds independently establishes contractualidentity. Originalnumismaticresearch reproduces law; directjudgment proves realunit. Exactfirstday and universalratio withheld. Supported relationship from explicit contemporary monetary succession; range and missing universal ratio remain scoped limitations, not a doubtful existence claim.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000644", "label": "Nigerian naira", "aliases": [ "Nigerian naira" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000644", "label": "Nigerian naira", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C415" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0142" ], "claim_ids": [ "C415", "C456", "C457", "C458", "C459" ], "source_ids": [ "S192", "S206" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "NGN", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000644" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000643", "label": "Nigerian pound", "relationship_id": "R0142", "kind": "decimal_currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1973, "latest_year": 1973, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1 January 1973" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C415" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0142", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000644", "label": "Nigerian naira", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "NGN" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C415", "C456", "C457", "C458", "C459" ], "source_ids": [ "S192", "S206" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000645", "label": "Sierra Leonean leone", "aliases": [ "Sierra Leonean leone — continuity across rescaling" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000645", "label": "Sierra Leonean leone — continuity across rescaling", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C416", "C417", "C418", "C419", "C427", "C429", "C431" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0148", "track": "T-FTM000645", "kind": "redenominated_as", "date": { "earliest_year": 2022, "latest_year": 2022, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1 July 2022" }, "claim_ids": [ "C427", "C431" ], "scope": "Same leone continuity: 1 new unit replaces 1,000 old units.", "currency_id": "T-FTM000645", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0143" ], "claim_ids": [ "C416", "C417", "C418", "C419", "C427", "C429", "C431", "C1576" ], "source_ids": [ "S193", "S194", "S197", "S199" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "SLE", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000645" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000640", "label": "West African Currency Board pound", "relationship_id": "R0143", "kind": "national_decimal_currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1964, "latest_year": 1964, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1964" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C416", "C418", "C1576" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0143", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000645", "label": "Sierra Leonean leone", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "SLE" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C416", "C417", "C418", "C419", "C427", "C429", "C431", "C1576" ], "source_ids": [ "S193", "S194", "S197", "S199" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Leone introduced4August1964 at10shillings; contemporary centralbank accounts use leones while WACB currency withdrawn. Original contemporary account history resolves succession; withdrawal endpoint not required.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000646", "label": "Gambian pound", "aliases": [ "Gambian pound" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000646", "label": "Gambian pound", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C404", "C420", "C421", "C428" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0144", "R0145" ], "claim_ids": [ "C404", "C420", "C421", "C428", "C1580" ], "source_ids": [ "S189", "S195", "S198", "S793" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000646", "label": "Gambian pound", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000647" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C404", "C420", "C421", "C428", "C1580" ], "source_ids": [ "S189", "S195", "S198", "S793" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0145" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "WACB money was gradually replaced by Gambian pounds fromOctober1964 throughJune1968; the contemporary report separately identifies Gambian pound as nationalunit and reports actual exchanges and liabilities. Direct contemporary monetary and account history resolves regional succession; exact foundingday neednot be invented. Supersedes main bundle and earlier supplement held entry.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000647", "label": "Gambian dalasi", "aliases": [ "Gambian dalasi" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000647", "label": "Gambian dalasi", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C428" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0145" ], "claim_ids": [ "C428" ], "source_ids": [ "S198" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "GMD", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000647" ], "status": "predecessor_documented", "has_predecessor": true, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [ { "currency_id": "T-FTM000646", "label": "Gambian pound", "relationship_id": "R0145", "kind": "decimal_currency_replacement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1971, "latest_year": 1971, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1 July 1971" }, "status": "supported", "claim_ids": [ "C428" ] } ], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. At least one documented predecessor; this does not certify every historical input. ", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [ { "relationship_id": "R0145", "role": "founding_or_early_ancestry" } ], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000647", "label": "Gambian dalasi", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [ "GMD" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C428" ], "source_ids": [ "S198" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000719", "label": "Cambodian riel", "aliases": [ "Cambodian riel — modern reintroduction dossier" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000719", "label": "Riel — endpoint research dossier", "original_kind": "research_subject", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C545" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1292-1980", "label": "Riel reintroduction", "date": { "earliest_year": 1980, "latest_year": 1980, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1980-03-20", "iso_date": "1980-03-20" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1292" ], "source_ids": [ "S650" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-015" ], "claim_ids": [ "C545", "C1175", "C1226", "C1292", "C1512", "C1614" ], "source_ids": [ "S279", "S574", "S591", "S650", "S838", "S839" ], "predecessor_audit": { "code": "KHR", "currency_ids": [ "T-FTM000719" ], "status": "restoration_only", "has_predecessor": false, "de_novo": false, "de_novo_status": "not_established", "predecessors": [], "founding_references": [], "next_research": "The 1980 riel re-established a named monetary account system after abolition. Old-account conversion and uninterrupted ancestry from the earlier riel are not established; the historical restoration is retained as context.", "reviewed_on": "2026-10-12", "review_scope": "Graph and retained-evidence audit; new links receive claim-specific source review. Existing links are not all freshly independently reverified.", "newly_reviewed_ancestry_roles": [], "founding_lineage_complete": false }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Vickery describes the 1980 riel entering use through state salaries and purchases. This evidence does not establish redemption of pre-1975 balances; the restoration relationship remains optional and qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The riel was reintroduced on20March1980 after abolition. This fixes the restoration milestone; continuity of old balances and uninterrupted use remain unproved.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "New riel state salaries and purchases provide direct account-use evidence.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The national currency name was restored after abolition; an account-balance succession between the two riels has not been established. Account-unit source adjudication.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1292-T-FTM000719-1980", "scope": "The riel was reintroduced on20March1980 after abolition. This fixes the restoration milestone; continuity of old balances and uninterrupted use remain unproved.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1980, "latest_year": 1980, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1980-03-20", "iso_date": "1980-03-20" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1292" ], "source_ids": [ "S650" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1512-T-FTM000719-1980", "scope": "New riel state salaries and purchases provide direct account-use evidence.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1980, "latest_year": 1980, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1980" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1512" ], "source_ids": [ "S591" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000719", "label": "Cambodian riel", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [ "KHR" ], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "inherited_modern_endpoint", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C545", "C1175", "C1226", "C1292", "C1512", "C1614" ], "source_ids": [ "S279", "S574", "S591", "S650", "S838", "S839" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000776", "label": "Kenya and Uganda florin", "aliases": [ "Kenya and Uganda florin" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000776", "label": "Kenya and Uganda florin", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C608", "C609", "C610", "C611", "C612", "C613", "C614", "C615" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0152", "R0153" ], "claim_ids": [ "C608", "C609", "C610", "C611", "C612", "C613", "C614", "C615", "C1629" ], "source_ids": [ "S335", "S336" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000776", "label": "Kenya and Uganda florin", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000234", "FTM000235", "FTM000236", "FTM000237", "FTM000238", "FTM000240", "FTM000320" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C608", "C609", "C610", "C611", "C612", "C613", "C614", "C615", "C1629" ], "source_ids": [ "S335", "S336" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0153" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Covered rupee contractual references became florins1:1 under the1920Order; local commencement proclamation dated July19. Direct legal-account substitution with note overlap; no universal cash extinction.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000791", "label": "Finnish markka — 1860 to euro continuity", "aliases": [ "Finnish markka — 1860 to euro continuity" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000791", "label": "Finnish markka", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C670", "C671" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000904", "label": "Finnish markka — pre-1963 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C860", "C861" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0305", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1963, "latest_year": 1963, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1963-01-01", "iso_date": "1963-01-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C861" ], "scope": "One new Finnish markka replaced 100 old markkaa.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0180" ], "track": "T-FTM000791", "currency_id": "T-FTM000791", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0162", "R0304" ], "claim_ids": [ "C670", "C671", "C860", "C861" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S427" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000791", "label": "Finnish markka — 1860 to euro continuity", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C670", "C671", "C860", "C861" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S427" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0162" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000793", "label": "Irish pound — modern currency", "aliases": [ "Irish pound — modern currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0164", "R0311" ], "claim_ids": [ "C674", "C675", "C868", "C869", "C1632" ], "source_ids": [ "S153", "S347", "S348", "S770" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000793", "label": "Irish pound — modern currency", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C674", "C675", "C868", "C869", "C1632" ], "source_ids": [ "S153", "S347", "S348", "S770" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0164" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The1927Saorstat pound established a local account unit; future domestic contracts defaulted to its legal currency while prior sterling obligations were not universally converted. Original historical analysis plus indexed operative contract clause supports regional branch, not restoration of pre1826unit.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000795", "label": "Luxembourg franc", "aliases": [ "Luxembourg franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000795", "label": "Luxembourg franc", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C678", "C679" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0166", "R-V27-054" ], "claim_ids": [ "C678", "C679", "C786", "C787", "C788", "C789", "C791", "C1546", "C1712" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S377", "S399", "S886" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000795", "label": "Luxembourg franc", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C678", "C679", "C786", "C787", "C788", "C789", "C791", "C1546", "C1712" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S377", "S399", "S886" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0166" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1546-T-FTM000795-1849", "scope": "Official fiscal account shifts from florin to franc.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1849, "latest_year": 1849, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1849" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1546" ], "source_ids": [ "S886" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Official fiscal account shifts from florin to franc.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000798", "label": "Modern Greek drachma — 1833 to euro continuity", "aliases": [ "Modern Greek drachma — 1833 to euro continuity" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000798", "label": "Greek drachma (euro-conversion scale)", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C684", "C685" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000907", "label": "Greek drachma — pre-November 1944 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C864", "C865", "C866" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000908", "label": "Greek drachma — November 1944 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C866", "C867" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0309", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1944, "latest_year": 1944, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1944-11-11", "iso_date": "1944-11-11" }, "claim_ids": [ "C866" ], "scope": "The postwar drachma replaced 50 billion occupation-era drachmas. Date of the first postwar banknotes; the underlying law is dated 10 November 1944.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0181" ], "track": "T-FTM000798", "currency_id": "T-FTM000798", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0310", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1954, "latest_year": 1954, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1954" }, "claim_ids": [ "C867" ], "scope": "One new drachma replaced 1,000 postwar drachmas.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0182" ], "track": "T-FTM000798", "currency_id": "T-FTM000798", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "FTM000005", "label": "Ancient Greek drachma — naming tradition", "record_types": [ "coinage_family" ], "disposition": "identity_pending", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C865" ], "source_ids": [ "S428" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0169", "R0307" ], "claim_ids": [ "C684", "C685", "C864", "C865", "C866", "C867", "C2036" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S428", "S430", "S431" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000798", "label": "Modern Greek drachma — 1833 to euro continuity", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C684", "C685", "C864", "C865", "C866", "C867", "C2036" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S428", "S430", "S431" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0169" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern name revival is not ancient continuity", "text": "The1833 Greek drachma replaced the phoenix and revived an ancient name. This is not an ancient-drachma-to-euro inheritance link.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000799", "label": "Slovenian tolar", "aliases": [ "Slovenian tolar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0170", "R0287" ], "claim_ids": [ "C686", "C687", "C842", "C843" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S419" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000799", "label": "Slovenian tolar", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C686", "C687", "C842", "C843" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S419" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0170" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000800", "label": "Cypriot pound", "aliases": [ "Cypriot pound" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0171", "R0314" ], "claim_ids": [ "C688", "C689", "C873", "C874", "C875", "C1484", "C1644" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S434", "S785" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000800", "label": "Cypriot pound", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C688", "C689", "C873", "C874", "C875", "C1484", "C1644" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S434", "S785" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0171" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1484-T-FTM000800-1949", "scope": "Covered shilling references inCyprus laws/documents meantCyprusshilling/9piastres;contracts defaulted locallegalcurrency.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1949, "latest_year": 1949, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1949" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1484" ], "source_ids": [ "S785" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Covered shilling references inCyprus laws/documents meantCyprusshilling/9piastres;contracts defaulted locallegalcurrency.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Cyprus currency inherited sterling reckoning; by1949 domestic contracts and statutory shilling references were explicitly construed in local legalcurrency and Cyprusshillings. Actual local obligation-denomination clauses resolve ancestry beyond metrology. Range denotes emergence before firm1949anchor, not exact1879creation.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000801", "label": "Maltese pound / lira", "aliases": [ "Maltese pound / lira" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000909", "label": "Maltese pound — pre-1983 name", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C870", "C871", "C872" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0313", "kind": "currency_rename", "date": { "earliest_year": 1983, "latest_year": 1983, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1983-01-01", "iso_date": "1983-01-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C872" ], "scope": "Maltese pound was renamed Maltese lira.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0184" ], "track": "T-FTM000801", "currency_id": "T-FTM000801", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0172", "R0312" ], "claim_ids": [ "C690", "C691", "C870", "C871", "C872", "C1502", "C1643" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S432", "S433", "S823", "S776", "S824" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000801", "label": "Maltese pound / lira", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C690", "C691", "C870", "C871", "C872", "C1502", "C1643" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S432", "S433", "S823", "S776", "S824" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0172" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1502-T-FTM000801-1971", "scope": "Malta pound is the existing principal statutory unit; decimalization changes subdivisions and covered contract/account fractions.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1971, "latest_year": 1971, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1971" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1502" ], "source_ids": [ "S823" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Malta pound is the existing principal statutory unit; decimalization changes subdivisions and covered contract/account fractions.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Malta pound developed from sterling into an independently legislated local account currency by1968;1972decimalization retained that principal unit. Explicit original monetary history plus legal independence and primary continuity establish ancestry.1949is lowerbound of permanent local issue,1968firm independentlegalregime; do not make1914notes or1972subdivision change a newcurrencybirth.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000802", "label": "Slovak koruna — 1993 currency", "aliases": [ "Slovak koruna — 1993 currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0173", "R0303" ], "claim_ids": [ "C692", "C693", "C859" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000802", "label": "Slovak koruna — 1993 currency", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C692", "C693", "C859" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0173" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000803", "label": "Estonian kroon — restored 1992 currency", "aliases": [ "Estonian kroon — restored 1992 currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0174", "R0272" ], "claim_ids": [ "C694", "C695", "C824", "C825" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S410" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000803", "label": "Estonian kroon — restored 1992 currency", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C694", "C695", "C824", "C825" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S410" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0174" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000804", "label": "Latvian lats — restored 1993 currency", "aliases": [ "Latvian lats — restored 1993 currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0175", "R0277" ], "claim_ids": [ "C696", "C697", "C830", "C831" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S412" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000804", "label": "Latvian lats — restored 1993 currency", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C696", "C697", "C830", "C831" ], "source_ids": [ "S347", "S348", "S412" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0175" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000805", "label": "Lithuanian litas — restored 1993 currency", "aliases": [ "Lithuanian litas — restored 1993 currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0176", "R0283" ], "claim_ids": [ "C698", "C699", "C838", "C839" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S416" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000805", "label": "Lithuanian litas — restored 1993 currency", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C698", "C699", "C838", "C839" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S416" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0176" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000806", "label": "Croatian kuna — 1994 currency", "aliases": [ "Croatian kuna — 1994 currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0177", "R0286" ], "claim_ids": [ "C700", "C701", "C841" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S418" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000806", "label": "Croatian kuna — 1994 currency", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C700", "C701", "C841" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S418" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0177" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000807", "label": "Bulgarian lev", "aliases": [ "Bulgarian lev — linked twentieth-century scales", "Bulgarian lev" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000807", "label": "Bulgarian lev (euro-conversion scale)", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C702", "C703" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000911", "label": "Bulgarian lev — pre-1952 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C876" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000912", "label": "Bulgarian lev — 1952 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C876", "C877" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000913", "label": "Bulgarian lev — 1962 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C877", "C878" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0315", "kind": "monetary_reform", "date": { "earliest_year": 1952, "latest_year": 1952, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1952-05-12", "iso_date": "1952-05-12" }, "claim_ids": [ "C876" ], "scope": "Bulgaria’s 1952 reform converted cash at 100:1, with different rules for prices and deposits. No universal valuation stored.", "valuation_ids": [], "track": "T-FTM000807", "currency_id": "T-FTM000807", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0316", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1962, "latest_year": 1962, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1962-01-01", "iso_date": "1962-01-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C877" ], "scope": "One new lev replaced 10 old leva.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0185" ], "track": "T-FTM000807", "currency_id": "T-FTM000807", "creates_currency": false }, { "id": "R0317", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1999, "latest_year": 1999, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1999-07-05", "iso_date": "1999-07-05" }, "claim_ids": [ "C878" ], "scope": "One new lev replaced 1,000 old leva.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0186" ], "track": "T-FTM000807", "currency_id": "T-FTM000807", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0178", "R-V28-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C702", "C703", "C876", "C877", "C878", "C1544", "C1545", "C1767", "C1799" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S883", "S884", "S917", "S916" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000807", "label": "Bulgarian lev", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C702", "C703", "C876", "C877", "C878", "C1544", "C1545", "C1767", "C1799" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S347", "S348", "S883", "S884", "S917", "S916" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0178" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1544-T-FTM000807-1880", "scope": "Lev established in monetary legislation with specified fiscal revenues in gold leva.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1880, "latest_year": 1880, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1880" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1544" ], "source_ids": [ "S883" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1545-T-FTM000807-1952", "scope": "Reform rescales specified fiscal and contractual obligations separately from cash exchange.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1952, "latest_year": 1952, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1952" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1545" ], "source_ids": [ "S884" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1767-T-FTM000807-1880", "scope": "The1880law introduced the lev as national account unit, and monetary documents of public bodies and private persons were required to express sums in leva and stotinki.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1880, "latest_year": 1880, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1880" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1767" ], "source_ids": [ "S917", "S916" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Lev established in monetary legislation with specified fiscal revenues in gold leva.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Reform rescales specified fiscal and contractual obligations separately from cash exchange.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The1880law introduced the lev as national account unit, and monetary documents of public bodies and private persons were required to express sums in leva and stotinki.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000808", "label": "European unit of account (EUA)", "aliases": [ "European unit of account — 1975 basket EUA" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000808", "label": "European unit of account — 1975 basket EUA", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C652", "C653", "C654", "C656" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-010" ], "claim_ids": [ "C652", "C653", "C654", "C656", "C1428", "C1542" ], "source_ids": [ "S353", "S354", "S355" ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "1981 conversion is documented for specified ACP assistance; universal final EUA use is not established by this sectoral act.", "locator": "Articles1 and3", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000386" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S355" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000808", "label": "European unit of account (EUA)", "navigation_group": "Single roots and euro", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "1981 conversion is documented for specified ACP assistance; universal final EUA use is not established by this sectoral act.", "locator": "Articles1 and3", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000386" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S355" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C652", "C653", "C654", "C656", "C1428", "C1542" ], "source_ids": [ "S353", "S354", "S355" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-010" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1542-T-FTM000808-1975", "scope": "Lomé aid legally denominated in basket EUA.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1975, "latest_year": 1975, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1975" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1542" ], "source_ids": [ "S353" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Lomé aid legally denominated in basket EUA.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000815", "label": "Livre parisis", "aliases": [ "Parisis system" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000815", "label": "Parisis system", "original_kind": "account_system", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C726" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V19-REG-02" ], "claim_ids": [ "C726", "C1033" ], "source_ids": [ "S127", "S483" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000815", "label": "Livre parisis", "navigation_group": "France and western antecedents", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C726", "C1033" ], "source_ids": [ "S127", "S483" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000824", "label": "Guinean syli", "aliases": [ "Guinean syli" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000824", "label": "Guinean syli", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C758", "C759" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0219", "R-V27-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C758", "C759", "C1659" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S397" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000824", "label": "Guinean syli", "navigation_group": "France and western antecedents", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000266" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C758", "C759", "C1659" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S397" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0219" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000826", "label": "Malian franc", "aliases": [ "Malian franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000826", "label": "Malian franc", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C760", "C761" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0220", "R0221" ], "claim_ids": [ "C760", "C761" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S380", "S384" ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1984, "assertion": "Recorded return to existing CFA franc on1June1984. This is the retained conversion finding, not a newly verified universal end of every residual account.", "source_ids": [ "S380", "S384", "S98" ], "claim_ids": [ "C761" ], "successor_ids": [ "FTM000263" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "locator": "Retained C761 and R0221; revision25classification preserved.", "assessment_scope": "Retained source evidence; relationship representation reviewed in revision26." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000826", "label": "Malian franc", "navigation_group": "France and western antecedents", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "temporal_return_path", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1984, "assertion": "Recorded return to existing CFA franc on1June1984. This is the retained conversion finding, not a newly verified universal end of every residual account.", "source_ids": [ "S380", "S384", "S98" ], "claim_ids": [ "C761" ], "successor_ids": [ "FTM000263" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "locator": "Retained C761 and R0221; revision25classification preserved.", "assessment_scope": "Retained source evidence; relationship representation reviewed in revision26." }, "claim_ids": [ "C760", "C761" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S380", "S384" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [ "R0221" ], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000829", "label": "Guinea-Bissau peso", "aliases": [ "Guinea-Bissau peso" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000829", "label": "Guinea-Bissau peso", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C764" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0224", "R-V27-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C764", "C1660" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S834", "S721" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000829", "label": "Guinea-Bissau peso", "navigation_group": "France and western antecedents", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000263", "FTM000266", "FTM000268" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C764", "C1660" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S834", "S721" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0224" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000830", "label": "Equatorial Guinean peseta / ekwele", "aliases": [ "Equatorial Guinean ekwele", "Equatorial Guinean peseta / ekwele" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000830", "label": "Equatorial Guinean ekwele", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C765" ] } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0225", "R-V27-053" ], "claim_ids": [ "C765", "C1461", "C1540", "C1541", "C1711", "C1720" ], "source_ids": [ "S407", "S722", "S723", "S879", "S880" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000830", "label": "Equatorial Guinean peseta / ekwele", "navigation_group": "France and western antecedents", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000264" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C765", "C1461", "C1540", "C1541", "C1711", "C1720" ], "source_ids": [ "S407", "S722", "S723", "S879", "S880" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0225" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1461-T-FTM000830-1973", "scope": "Provisionally extend existingekwele profile to earlier nationalpesetaguineana fiscalreckoning:1969–1971budgettables; formergovernor describes later note-denominationchange. No newnode fromrename alone.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1969, "latest_year": 1973, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1969–1973" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1461" ], "source_ids": [ "S722", "S723" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1540-T-FTM000830-1969", "scope": "The national Equatorial Guinean peseta replaced the Spanish monetary-area currency; the subsequent mission report records local bank deposits, credit and public accounts in pesetas.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1969, "latest_year": 1969, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1969" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1540" ], "source_ids": [ "S879" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1541-T-FTM000830-1975", "scope": "The national peseta was renamed ekwele, preserving the currency continuity profile.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1975, "latest_year": 1975, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1975" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1541" ], "source_ids": [ "S880" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Provisionally extend existingekwele profile to earlier nationalpesetaguineana fiscalreckoning:1969–1971budgettables; formergovernor describes later note-denominationchange. No newnode fromrename alone.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The national Equatorial Guinean peseta replaced the Spanish monetary-area currency; the subsequent mission report records local bank deposits, credit and public accounts in pesetas.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The national peseta was renamed ekwele, preserving the currency continuity profile.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Broaden the existing ekwele profile back to the national peseta introduced in 1969. BEAC identifies the 1975 event as renaming, and no distinct predecessor node is justified by the name change alone.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000839", "label": "Bernese–Helvetic old franc", "aliases": [ "Helvetic franc, 1799", "Old Swiss franc account unit (Zurich contracts)", "Bernese–Helvetic old franc" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000839", "label": "Helvetic franc, 1799", "original_kind": "currency", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C778", "C779" ] }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1184-1803", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1803, "latest_year": 1803, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1803" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1184" ], "source_ids": [ "S552" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH44-C2105", "label": "Bernese commercial franc accounts", "date": { "earliest_year": 1767, "latest_year": 1767, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1767" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2105" ], "source_ids": [ "S1105" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH44-C2106", "label": "A Bernese unit becomes national", "date": { "earliest_year": 1799, "latest_year": 1799, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1799" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2106" ], "source_ids": [ "S1104", "S1105" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C778", "C779", "C1551", "C1163", "C1184", "C1550", "C1722", "C2105", "C2106" ], "source_ids": [ "S401", "S552", "S551", "S1105", "S1104" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000839", "label": "Bernese–Helvetic old franc", "navigation_group": "France and western antecedents", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000245" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C778", "C779", "C1551", "C1163", "C1184", "C1550", "C1722", "C2105", "C2106" ], "source_ids": [ "S401", "S552", "S551", "S1105", "S1104" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-003" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Keep Helvetic franc including its post-1803 old-franc contract usage; collapse redundant Zurich old-franc node, not federal Swiss franc.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Zurich 1803 records also reckon in old/Helvetic francs.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Official archive explicitly identifies old francs in Zurich accounts as Helvetic francs. Regional contract scope is an observation, not a separate unit. Preserve all aliases and 1851 conversion observations.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Keep Helvetic franc including its post-1803 old-franc contract usage; collapse redundant Zurich old-franc node, not federal Swiss franc.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Bernese commercial franc accounts", "text": "Schüepp reproduces a 1767 arithmetic book that distinguishes francs or livres used in Bernese commerce from local pounds and crowns. The ten-batzen franc was an account denomination before its first coinage in 1757; neither coinage nor the surviving 1767 witness establishes the unit’s origin.", "report_url": "/revision-44/index.html" }, { "title": "A Bernese unit becomes national", "text": "The Helvetic monetary law of 19 March 1799 carried forward the previous Bernese franc as the Swiss franc, with decimal subdivisions of ten batzen and one hundred rappen. This supports continuity of the account unit across the territorial and subdivision change, rather than a separate currency identity.", "report_url": "/revision-44/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS44-C2105-T-FTM000839-1767", "scope": "Schüepp reproduces a 1767 arithmetic book that distinguishes francs or livres used in Bernese commerce from local pounds and crowns. The ten-batzen franc was an account denomination before its first coinage in 1757; neither coinage nor the surviving 1767 witness establishes the unit’s origin.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1767, "latest_year": 1767, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1767" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2105" ], "source_ids": [ "S1105" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS44-C2106-T-FTM000839-1799", "scope": "The Helvetic monetary law of 19 March 1799 carried forward the previous Bernese franc as the Swiss franc, with decimal subdivisions of ten batzen and one hundred rappen. This supports continuity of the account unit across the territorial and subdivision change, rather than a separate currency identity.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1799, "latest_year": 1799, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1799" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2106" ], "source_ids": [ "S1104", "S1105" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "The Helvetic monetary law of 19 March 1799 carried forward the previous Bernese franc as the Swiss franc, with decimal subdivisions of ten batzen and one hundred rappen. This supports continuity of the account unit across the territorial and subdivision change, rather than a separate currency identity." }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000878", "label": "Estonian interwar currency — mark and kroon", "aliases": [ "Estonian interwar currency — mark and kroon" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000877", "label": "Estonian mark", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C818", "C819" ] }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000879", "label": "Estonian kroon — 1928 scale", "original_kind": "account_unit", "creates_currency": false, "claim_ids": [ "C819", "C820", "C821", "C825" ] } ], "events": [ { "id": "R0268", "kind": "redenomination", "date": { "earliest_year": 1928, "latest_year": 1928, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "exact", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1928-01-01", "iso_date": "1928-01-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C819" ], "scope": "The kroon replaced 100 Estonian marks.", "valuation_ids": [ "V0158" ], "track": "T-FTM000878", "currency_id": "T-FTM000878", "creates_currency": false } ], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0269", "R-V27-049", "R0267" ], "claim_ids": [ "C818", "C819", "C820", "C821", "C825", "C1528", "C1533", "C1648", "C1707" ], "source_ids": [ "S410", "S411", "S875", "S780" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000878", "label": "Estonian interwar currency — mark and kroon", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000349", "FTM000352", "FTM000354", "FTM000356", "FTM000359", "FTM000360", "FTM000362", "FTM000363", "FTM000364", "FTM000366", "FTM000368", "FTM000370", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C818", "C819", "C820", "C821", "C825", "C1528", "C1533", "C1648", "C1707" ], "source_ids": [ "S410", "S411", "S875", "S780" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0269" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1528-T-FTM000878-1919", "scope": "Official bank dates the establishment decision30 November1918; explicit obligation substitution is documented2 May1919. Keep separate decision and operational anchors.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1918, "latest_year": 1919, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1918–1919" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1528" ], "source_ids": [ "S410", "S875" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Official bank dates the establishment decision30 November1918; explicit obligation substitution is documented2 May1919. Keep separate decision and operational anchors.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Old mark-denominated claims expressly become payable in Estonian marks.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Estonian mark founding standard referenced the Ostmark; this standard reference is retained as context and excluded from ancestry traversal. Retain supported optional standard_reference, not ancestry; keep_qualified denotes unresolved proposed ancestry only. Do not downgrade existing parity fact.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000880", "label": "Latvian ruble — 1919-era currency", "aliases": [ "Latvian ruble — 1919-era currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0274", "R-V27-048" ], "claim_ids": [ "C826", "C1532", "C1706" ], "source_ids": [ "S413", "S874" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000880", "label": "Latvian ruble — 1919-era currency", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "temporal_return_path", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C826", "C1532", "C1706" ], "source_ids": [ "S413", "S874" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0274" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Russian-ruble Treasury replacement established; first1919 founding relationship remains unasserted.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000881", "label": "Latvian lats — interwar currency", "aliases": [ "Latvian lats — interwar currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0274", "R0275" ], "claim_ids": [ "C826", "C827", "C831" ], "source_ids": [ "S412", "S413", "S414" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000881", "label": "Latvian lats — interwar currency", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "temporal_return_path", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C826", "C827", "C831" ], "source_ids": [ "S412", "S413", "S414" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [ "R0275" ], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000882", "label": "Latvian ruble — temporary 1992 currency", "aliases": [ "Latvian ruble — temporary 1992 currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0276", "R0277" ], "claim_ids": [ "C828", "C829", "C830" ], "source_ids": [ "S412" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000882", "label": "Latvian ruble — temporary 1992 currency", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C828", "C829", "C830" ], "source_ids": [ "S412" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0277" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000883", "label": "Lithuanian litas — interwar currency", "aliases": [ "Lithuanian litas — interwar currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0279", "R0280" ], "claim_ids": [ "C832", "C833", "C834", "C839" ], "source_ids": [ "S416", "S417" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000883", "label": "Lithuanian litas — interwar currency", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000349", "FTM000352", "FTM000354", "FTM000356", "FTM000359", "FTM000360", "FTM000362", "FTM000363", "FTM000364", "FTM000366", "FTM000368", "FTM000370", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C832", "C833", "C834", "C839" ], "source_ids": [ "S416", "S417" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0280" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000885", "label": "Lithuanian talonas — temporary currency 1992–1993", "aliases": [ "Lithuanian talonas — temporary currency 1992–1993" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [ { "original_track_id": "T-FTM000884", "label": "Lithuanian commodity coupons — 1991 stage", "record_types": [ "instrument_family" ], "disposition": "profile_context", "association_only": true, "claim_ids": [ "C835", "C836" ], "source_ids": [ "S415" ] } ], "relationship_ids": [ "R0282", "R0283" ], "claim_ids": [ "C836", "C837", "C838" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S415", "S416" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000885", "label": "Lithuanian talonas — temporary currency 1992–1993", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C836", "C837", "C838" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S415", "S416" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0283" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000887", "label": "Croatian dinar — 1991–1994 transitional currency", "aliases": [ "Croatian dinar — 1991–1994 transitional currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0285", "R0286" ], "claim_ids": [ "C840", "C841" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S418" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000887", "label": "Croatian dinar — 1991–1994 transitional currency", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C840", "C841" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S418" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0286" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000890", "label": "Austrian krone — post-imperial currency", "aliases": [ "Austrian krone — post-imperial currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0289", "R0290" ], "claim_ids": [ "C845", "C846", "C1630" ], "source_ids": [ "S424", "S425", "S768" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000890", "label": "Austrian krone — post-imperial currency", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000316", "FTM000349", "FTM000352", "FTM000354", "FTM000356", "FTM000359", "FTM000360", "FTM000362", "FTM000363", "FTM000364", "FTM000366", "FTM000368", "FTM000370", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C845", "C846", "C1630" ], "source_ids": [ "S424", "S425", "S768" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0290" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "March25,1919 legislation converted covered crown contracts and Austrian-resident checking deposits at par into Austrian stamped-crown obligations. Explicit account distinction and resident/nonresident exceptions resolve stamping-only concern.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000891", "label": "Austrian schilling — 1925–1938 currency", "aliases": [ "Austrian schilling — 1925–1938 currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0290", "R0291" ], "claim_ids": [ "C846", "C847", "C850" ], "source_ids": [ "S424", "S425" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000891", "label": "Austrian schilling — 1925–1938 currency", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000316", "FTM000349", "FTM000352", "FTM000354", "FTM000356", "FTM000359", "FTM000360", "FTM000362", "FTM000363", "FTM000364", "FTM000366", "FTM000368", "FTM000370", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C846", "C847", "C850" ], "source_ids": [ "S424", "S425" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0291" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000896", "label": "Czechoslovak koruna — 1919–1939 currency", "aliases": [ "Czechoslovak koruna — 1919–1939 currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0296", "R0297", "R0298" ], "claim_ids": [ "C852", "C853", "C854", "C1631" ], "source_ids": [ "S420", "S421", "S422", "S816", "S817" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000896", "label": "Czechoslovak koruna — 1919–1939 currency", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000325", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C852", "C853", "C854", "C1631" ], "source_ids": [ "S420", "S421", "S422", "S816", "S817" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0297", "R0298" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Protectorate retained the inherited Czechoslovak koruna locally after the 1939 territorial partition. Article 10 retained koruna payments and article 12 existing law; subsequent Protectorate budgets and claims remained koruna-denominated within the distinct occupation monetary regime. The connection is local continuation of the former common account system after territorial separation. There was no new unit created merely by renaming the bank or printing new notes. The 10:1 Reichsmark rating is a peg/control relation, not its ancestry.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000897", "label": "Bohemian and Moravian / Protectorate koruna", "aliases": [ "Bohemian and Moravian / Protectorate koruna" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0297", "R0299" ], "claim_ids": [ "C853", "C855", "C1500", "C1631" ], "source_ids": [ "S420", "S421", "S423", "S817", "S816" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000897", "label": "Bohemian and Moravian / Protectorate koruna", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000325", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C853", "C855", "C1500", "C1631" ], "source_ids": [ "S420", "S421", "S423", "S817", "S816" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0299" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1500-T-FTM000897-1945", "scope": "Protectorate budgets and interbank claims continued to be denominated in koruna, even after the loss of independent external monetary policy in 1940.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1939, "latest_year": 1945, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1939–1945" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1500" ], "source_ids": [ "S817" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Protectorate budgets and interbank claims continued to be denominated in koruna, even after the loss of independent external monetary policy in 1940.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Protectorate retained the inherited Czechoslovak koruna locally after the 1939 territorial partition. Article 10 retained koruna payments and article 12 existing law; subsequent Protectorate budgets and claims remained koruna-denominated within the distinct occupation monetary regime. The connection is local continuation of the former common account system after territorial separation. There was no new unit created merely by renaming the bank or printing new notes. The 10:1 Reichsmark rating is a peg/control relation, not its ancestry.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000898", "label": "Slovak koruna — 1939–1945 currency", "aliases": [ "Slovak koruna — 1939–1945 currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0298", "R0300" ], "claim_ids": [ "C854", "C856" ], "source_ids": [ "S422", "S423" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000898", "label": "Slovak koruna — 1939–1945 currency", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000325", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C854", "C856" ], "source_ids": [ "S422", "S423" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0300" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000905", "label": "Greek phoenix", "aliases": [ "Greek phoenix" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0307", "R0306" ], "claim_ids": [ "C862", "C863", "C864", "C1654" ], "source_ids": [ "S428", "S429" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000905", "label": "Greek phoenix", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C862", "C863", "C864", "C1654" ], "source_ids": [ "S428", "S429" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0307" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The phoenix was valued at one sixth of the Spanish dollar. A valuation standard, not evidence that all dollars were compulsorily converted into phoenixes. The retained evidence establishes a metal or valuation standard, not succession of the principal unit of account. Keep it as profile context; exclude it from ancestry traversal.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000915", "label": "South German florin — nineteenth-century unit", "aliases": [ "South German florin — nineteenth-century unit" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0319" ], "claim_ids": [ "C880" ], "source_ids": [ "S435" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000915", "label": "South German florin — nineteenth-century unit", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000316", "FTM000349", "FTM000352", "FTM000354", "FTM000356", "FTM000359", "FTM000360", "FTM000362", "FTM000363", "FTM000364", "FTM000366", "FTM000368", "FTM000370", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C880" ], "source_ids": [ "S435" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0319" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000922", "label": "East German mark — 1948 currency and later names", "aliases": [ "East German mark — 1948 currency and later names" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0328", "R0329" ], "claim_ids": [ "C891", "C892", "C893", "C894", "C1633" ], "source_ids": [ "S437", "S438", "S771" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000922", "label": "East German mark — 1948 currency and later names", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C891", "C892", "C893", "C894", "C1633" ], "source_ids": [ "S437", "S438", "S771" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0329" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "June24,1948 eastern monetary reform converted Reichsmark-system balances under differentiated statutory ratios. Account conversions and exceptions establish distinct territorial unit, beyond note stamping.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000937", "label": "Post-imperial crown circulating in the South Slav kingdom", "aliases": [ "Post-imperial crown circulating in the South Slav kingdom" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0344", "R0345" ], "claim_ids": [ "C920", "C921", "C1505", "C1558", "C1635", "C1650" ], "source_ids": [ "S445", "S788" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000937", "label": "Post-imperial crown circulating in the South Slav kingdom", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000256", "FTM000258", "FTM000313", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C920", "C921", "C1505", "C1558", "C1635", "C1650" ], "source_ids": [ "S445", "S788" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0345" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1505-T-FTM000937-1920", "scope": "Crown treasury and private obligations attested.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1920, "latest_year": 1920, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1920" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1505" ], "source_ids": [ "S788" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Crown treasury and private obligations attested.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Retain regional crown account unit: treasuries, prices and debts used crowns; local monetary separation is established. Stamping alone is not the admission basis.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Inherited crown accounting continued within the separated SouthSlav monetary area. Exact separation day unproved; explicit account anchor13January1920.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Crown accounting was absorbed into retained dinar accounting through1920–1923unification. Account-unit source adjudication.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Retain regional crown account unit: treasuries, prices and debts used crowns; local monetary separation is established. Stamping alone is not the admission basis.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000939", "label": "Serbian dinar — occupation-era currency", "aliases": [ "Serbian dinar — occupation-era currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0346", "R0347" ], "claim_ids": [ "C922", "C923", "C1636", "C1734" ], "source_ids": [ "S300", "S445", "S820", "S819", "S818" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000939", "label": "Serbian dinar — occupation-era currency", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000256", "FTM000258", "FTM000313", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "node": "T-FTM000939", "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1945, "assertion": "Occupation Serbian dinar obligations and money entered the DFJ conversion in 1945, at 20:1 for the specified occupation-currency scope; exceptional certificates and older claims followed separate procedures.", "locator": "Same conversion and obligation provisions", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000255" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "T-FTM000939", "claim_ids": [ "C1734" ], "source_ids": [ "S820", "S819", "S818" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C922", "C923", "C1636", "C1734" ], "source_ids": [ "S300", "S445", "S820", "S819", "S818" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0347" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The DFJ dinar replaced Serbian occupation dinars in the 1945 monetary unification. The April rates law valued 100 occupation Serbian dinars at 5 DFJ dinars and applied conversion to wartime obligations; prewar Yugoslav obligations were treated separately. Actual replacement and obligation conversion are directly documented. The Serbian branch is one incoming currency among several, not the exclusive origin of the postwar unit. Dates remain year level to avoid imposing a universal territorial changeover day.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "node": "T-FTM000939", "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1945, "assertion": "Occupation Serbian dinar obligations and money entered the DFJ conversion in 1945, at 20:1 for the specified occupation-currency scope; exceptional certificates and older claims followed separate procedures.", "locator": "Same conversion and obligation provisions", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000255" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "T-FTM000939", "claim_ids": [ "C1734" ], "source_ids": [ "S820", "S819", "S818" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V19-DARIC", "label": "Achaemenid daric payment unit", "aliases": [ "daric", "dareikos stater" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [ { "id": "OBS-V19-DARIC-INVENTORY", "kind": "treasury_inventory", "date": { "earliest_year": -429, "latest_year": -428, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "429/428 BCE" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1039" ], "creates_currency": false, "qualifies_for_ancestry_anchor": false } ], "associated_records": [ { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000574", "label": "Gold daric issues", "role": "instrument", "creates_currency": false }, { "evidence_entity_id": "FTM000575", "label": "Silver siglos", "role": "associated_denomination", "creates_currency": false } ], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1038", "C1037", "C1039", "C1040", "C1041", "C1055", "C1072", "C1073", "C1074", "C1075", "C1333", "C2013" ], "source_ids": [ "S485", "S129", "S504", "S505", "S507", "S506", "S491", "S646", "S1040", "S1038" ], "research_qualifications": [ "429/428 BCE treasury entry is inventory evidence, not the first dated payment obligation.", "A 401 BCE campaign pay observation anchors this scoped unit.", "Croeseid/daric grouping remains open; no connected modern descendant established." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS-V19-6", "scope": "Military pay expressed in darics; ancient testimony cited through Alram", "date": { "earliest_year": -401, "latest_year": -401, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "401 BCE (Xenophon’s campaign)" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1038" ], "source_ids": [ "S485" ], "original_track_id": "CUR-V19-DARIC", "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation" } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Sardis after the Persian conquest", "text": "A proposed daric-to-Macedonian accounting interpretation is recorded with scholarly objections and a Greek/English numeral discrepancy. The local succession remains open.", "report_url": "/revision-21/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Yegül distinguishes the earlier Mnesimachos mortgage from its later wall copy and notes substantial disagreement over their dates. The post-conquest mortgage remains a real obligation, but it cannot be assigned a 334 BCE daric-conversion date.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Iranian ancient frontier", "text": "The reviewed account continuity does not close the gap to Sasanian or Achaemenid money. A shared dinar name or coin-weight imitation does not establish those ancestry links.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V19-DARIC", "label": "Achaemenid daric payment unit", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1038", "C1037", "C1039", "C1040", "C1041", "C1055", "C1072", "C1073", "C1074", "C1075", "C1333", "C2013" ], "source_ids": [ "S485", "S129", "S504", "S505", "S507", "S506", "S491", "S646", "S1040", "S1038" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-ALBANIAN-FRANG", "label": "Albanian gold franc / frang", "aliases": [ "Albanian gold franc / frang" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1103", "C1543", "C1768", "C1769", "C1770", "C1809" ], "source_ids": [ "S249", "S881", "S919", "S918", "S920" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-ALBANIAN-FRANG", "label": "Albanian gold franc / frang", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000262" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1103", "C1543", "C1768", "C1769", "C1770", "C1809" ], "source_ids": [ "S249", "S881", "S919", "S918", "S920" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-001" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1543-CUR-V22-ALBANIAN-FRANG-1923", "scope": "Municipal-note legislation imposes fines denominated in gold francs.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1923, "latest_year": 1923, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1923" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1543" ], "source_ids": [ "S881" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1768-CUR-V22-ALBANIAN-FRANG-1920", "scope": "Albania raised a1,500,000franc compulsory loan at5percent in1920; its bonds were accepted toward taxes and customs duties. This documents franc-denominated public obligations before national note issuance.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1920, "latest_year": 1920, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1920" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1768" ], "source_ids": [ "S919" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1769-CUR-V22-ALBANIAN-FRANG-1921", "scope": "The government decision of25June1921 based collection of state revenues on the gold franc; the existing profile therefore predates1923municipal notes.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1921, "latest_year": 1921, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1921" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1769" ], "source_ids": [ "S918" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1770-CUR-V22-ALBANIAN-FRANG-1922", "scope": "Calmés describes goldfranc as existing de facto currency and recommends codification. The16February1922paper-lek law was not implemented, so it does not create an additional circulating/accounting identity here.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1922, "latest_year": 1922, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1922" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1770" ], "source_ids": [ "S919" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Municipal-note legislation imposes fines denominated in gold francs.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Albania raised a1,500,000franc compulsory loan at5percent in1920; its bonds were accepted toward taxes and customs duties. This documents franc-denominated public obligations before national note issuance.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The government decision of25June1921 based collection of state revenues on the gold franc; the existing profile therefore predates1923municipal notes.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Calmés describes goldfranc as existing de facto currency and recommends codification. The16February1922paper-lek law was not implemented, so it does not create an additional circulating/accounting identity here.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Keep de facto gold-franc reckoning and1925national codification in one existing profile; do not create a separate nationalbank currency merely from issue rights.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000358", "label": "Georgian coupon", "aliases": [ "Georgian coupon" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-004", "R-V27-009" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1106", "C1479", "C1667" ], "source_ids": [ "S529", "S756", "S755" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000358", "label": "Georgian coupon", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000359" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1106", "C1479", "C1667" ], "source_ids": [ "S529", "S756", "S755" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-004" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1479-FTM000358-1995", "scope": "Decree 363 explicitly treats coupons as the basis of assets and liabilities converted into lari, independently confirming coupon account-unit status.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1995, "latest_year": 1995, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1995" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1479" ], "source_ids": [ "S756" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Decree 363 explicitly treats coupons as the basis of assets and liabilities converted into lari, independently confirming coupon account-unit status.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000355", "label": "Moldovan cupon", "aliases": [ "Moldovan cupon" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-005", "R-V27-022" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1107", "C1498", "C1680", "C1732" ], "source_ids": [ "S530", "S813", "S814" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000355", "label": "Moldovan cupon", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000356" ], "lifecycle": { "node": "FTM000355", "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1993, "assertion": "Cash and accounts converted to leu at 1,000:1 beginning 29 November; leu became sole legal payment medium at 18:00 on 2 December 1993.", "locator": "Decree quoted paragraphs 1–2", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000356" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "FTM000355", "claim_ids": [ "C1732" ], "source_ids": [ "S814", "S813" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1107", "C1498", "C1680", "C1732" ], "source_ids": [ "S530", "S813", "S814" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-005" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1498-FTM000355-1993", "scope": "Moldovan coupons served as a de facto national currency by July; on 29 November the leu was introduced and cash, accounts and deposits were converted at 1 leu per 1,000 coupons.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1993, "latest_year": 1993, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1993" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1498" ], "source_ids": [ "S813", "S814" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Moldovan coupons served as a de facto national currency by July; on 29 November the leu was introduced and cash, accounts and deposits were converted at 1 leu per 1,000 coupons.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "node": "FTM000355", "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1993, "assertion": "Cash and accounts converted to leu at 1,000:1 beginning 29 November; leu became sole legal payment medium at 18:00 on 2 December 1993.", "locator": "Decree quoted paragraphs 1–2", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000356" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "FTM000355", "claim_ids": [ "C1732" ], "source_ids": [ "S814", "S813" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000365", "label": "Uzbekistani sum-coupon", "aliases": [ "Uzbekistani sum-coupon" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-006", "R-V27-010" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1108", "C1480", "C1668" ], "source_ids": [ "S223", "S759", "S760", "S757", "S758" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000365", "label": "Uzbekistani sum-coupon", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000366" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1108", "C1480", "C1668" ], "source_ids": [ "S223", "S759", "S760", "S757", "S758" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-006" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1480-FTM000365-1994", "scope": "Sum-coupon identity is independently attested by legally denominated utility obligations and the June decree converting coupon contracts and balances into the sum.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1994, "latest_year": 1994, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1994" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1480" ], "source_ids": [ "S759", "S760" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Sum-coupon identity is independently attested by legally denominated utility obligations and the June decree converting coupon contracts and balances into the sum.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000351", "label": "Ukrainian karbovanets", "aliases": [ "Ukrainian karbovanets" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-007", "R-V27-008" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1109", "C1666" ], "source_ids": [ "S538", "S754" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000351", "label": "Ukrainian karbovanets", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000352" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1109", "C1666" ], "source_ids": [ "S538", "S754" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-007" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000331", "label": "Danish rigsdaler", "aliases": [ "Danish rigsdaler" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-008" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1110" ], "source_ids": [ "S251" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000331", "label": "Danish rigsdaler", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000332", "FTM000333" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1110" ], "source_ids": [ "S251" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-008" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000335", "label": "Norwegian speciedaler", "aliases": [ "Norwegian speciedaler" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-009" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1111" ], "source_ids": [ "S263" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000335", "label": "Norwegian speciedaler", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000336" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1111" ], "source_ids": [ "S263" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-009" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000120", "label": "South Korean hwan", "aliases": [ "South Korean hwan" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1268-1953", "label": "South Korean hwan", "date": { "earliest_year": 1953, "latest_year": 1953, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1953" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1268" ], "source_ids": [ "S618" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-010", "R-V27-021" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1112", "C1268", "C1619", "C1679" ], "source_ids": [ "S259", "S618", "S747", "S746", "S617" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1268-FTM000120-1953", "scope": "The hwan was used from the15February1953 reform, earlier than its current1962-only anchor. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1953, "latest_year": 1953, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1953" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1268" ], "source_ids": [ "S618" ], "anchor_role": "reform_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The hwan was used from the15February1953 reform, earlier than its current1962-only anchor. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Act1088 explicitly made won the unit of account from10June1962, at1won:10hwan, regulating outstanding hwan-denominated debts and deposits. Principal account-unit replacement retained under clarified project ontology; exact conversion does not itself imply identity.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000120", "label": "South Korean hwan", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000121" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1112", "C1268", "C1619", "C1679" ], "source_ids": [ "S259", "S618", "S747", "S746", "S617" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-010" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000226", "label": "Palestine pound", "aliases": [ "Palestine pound" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-011", "R-V27-050", "R-V27-051" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1113", "C1535", "C1708", "C1709" ], "source_ids": [ "S238", "S877", "S189", "S878" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000226", "label": "Palestine pound", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000229", "FTM000230" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1113", "C1535", "C1708", "C1709" ], "source_ids": [ "S238", "S877", "S189", "S878" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-011", "R-V27-051" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1535-FTM000226-1927", "scope": "The Palestine Currency Order defines a pound of 1,000 mils and makes it the presumptive unit of contracts, sales, payments and monetary instruments; Egyptian-pound obligations have an express conversion rule.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1927, "latest_year": 1927, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1927" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1535" ], "source_ids": [ "S877" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The Palestine Currency Order defines a pound of 1,000 mils and makes it the presumptive unit of contracts, sales, payments and monetary instruments; Egyptian-pound obligations have an express conversion rule.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000227", "label": "Israeli pound", "aliases": [ "Israeli pound" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-012", "R-V27-051" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1114", "C1536", "C1709" ], "source_ids": [ "S536", "S237", "S878", "S189" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000227", "label": "Israeli pound", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000229" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1114", "C1536", "C1709" ], "source_ids": [ "S536", "S237", "S878", "S189" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-012" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1536-FTM000227-1948", "scope": "The Israel pound of 1,000 mils inherits existing Palestine-pound references under Currency Ordinance section 2; statutory monetary succession is already present in 1948, regardless of later banknote issuer or wording changes.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1948, "latest_year": 1948, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1948" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1536" ], "source_ids": [ "S878" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The Israel pound of 1,000 mils inherits existing Palestine-pound references under Currency Ordinance section 2; statutory monetary succession is already present in 1948, regardless of later banknote issuer or wording changes.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000031", "label": "Persian toman–dinar accounting — Ilkhanid and later traditions", "aliases": [ "Persian qerān / toman accounting", "Persian toman / dinar accounting — including qeran", "Persian toman–dinar accounting — Ilkhanid and later traditions" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH35-C1998", "label": "Ilkhanid fiscal accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1335, "latest_year": 1335, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1335" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1998" ], "source_ids": [ "S1039", "S1038" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH35-C1999", "label": "Regional toman payment", "date": { "earliest_year": 1506, "latest_year": 1506, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1506" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1999" ], "source_ids": [ "S1040" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH35-C2000", "label": "Toman accounts before the VOC witness", "date": { "earliest_year": 1626, "latest_year": 1626, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1626" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2000" ], "source_ids": [ "S1038" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH35-C2001", "label": "Independent account-unit description", "date": { "earliest_year": 1637, "latest_year": 1637, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1637" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2001" ], "source_ids": [ "S1038" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH36-C2033", "label": "Earlier Ilkhanid account definition", "date": { "earliest_year": 1296, "latest_year": 1296, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1296" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2033" ], "source_ids": [ "S1063" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-014" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1116", "C1495", "C1496", "C1497", "C1715", "C1997", "C1998", "C1999", "C2000", "C2001", "C2012", "C2013", "C2033", "C2034" ], "source_ids": [ "S299", "S811", "S812", "S1038", "S1040", "S1039", "S1063", "S1061", "S1062" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000031", "label": "Persian toman–dinar accounting — Ilkhanid and later traditions", "navigation_group": "Iranian histories", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000385" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1116", "C1495", "C1496", "C1497", "C1715", "C1997", "C1998", "C1999", "C2000", "C2001", "C2012", "C2013", "C2033", "C2034" ], "source_ids": [ "S299", "S811", "S812", "S1038", "S1040", "S1039", "S1063", "S1061", "S1062" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-014" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1495-FTM000031-1652", "scope": "The VOC embassy journal beginning in 1651 records the Persian toman as a unit for debts, taxes, fees and transfers, reckoning 100 mahmudis to a toman. Placement in the later Persian continuity is qualified; not every regional toman variant is treated as identical.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1651, "latest_year": 1652, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1651–1652" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1495" ], "source_ids": [ "S811" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1496-FTM000031-1776", "scope": "From about 1776 existing Persian coins were revalued against the toman currency of account rather than simply reduced in size. Placement in the later Persian continuity is qualified; not every regional toman variant is treated as identical.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1776, "latest_year": 1776, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1776" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1496" ], "source_ids": [ "S812" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1497-FTM000031-1826", "scope": "The qeran was introduced as a 1,000-dinar denomination reckoned within the toman system; this does not by itself create a new currency identity.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1825, "latest_year": 1826, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1825–1826" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1497" ], "source_ids": [ "S812" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS35-C1998-FTM000031-1335", "scope": "Mustawfi’s revenues for 1335 are reported in currency dinars, including 2,871,200 for Fars and 325,000 for Khuzistan. The fiscal witness is explicit; association with the later Persian account lineage is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1335, "latest_year": 1335, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1335" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1998" ], "source_ids": [ "S1039", "S1038" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS35-C1999-FTM000031-1506", "scope": "Rumlu reports a payment of 300 kepaki tomans in 1506. Preserve the regional name and qualify its association with the later consolidated Persian profile.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1506, "latest_year": 1506, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1506" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1999" ], "source_ids": [ "S1040" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS35-C2000-FTM000031-1626", "scope": "Barker’s 1626 account describes reckoning in tomans and decimal amounts rather than naming the coins used in payment.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1626, "latest_year": 1626, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1626" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2000" ], "source_ids": [ "S1038" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS35-C2001-FTM000031-1637", "scope": "Olearius in 1637 explicitly identifies the toman as a unit of account.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1637, "latest_year": 1637, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1637" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2001" ], "source_ids": [ "S1038" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS36-C2033-FTM000031-1296", "scope": "Ghazan’s1296 system defined the dinar as an account multiple of six silver dirhams. Bates follows its subsequent changes through the toman to the 1931 rial subdivision; association with the retained Persian profile remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1296, "latest_year": 1296, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1296" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2033" ], "source_ids": [ "S1063" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The VOC embassy journal beginning in 1651 records the Persian toman as a unit for debts, taxes, fees and transfers, reckoning 100 mahmudis to a toman. Placement in the later Persian continuity is qualified; not every regional toman variant is treated as identical.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "From about 1776 existing Persian coins were revalued against the toman currency of account rather than simply reduced in size. Placement in the later Persian continuity is qualified; not every regional toman variant is treated as identical.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The qeran was introduced as a 1,000-dinar denomination reckoned within the toman system; this does not by itself create a new currency identity.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Treat central Persian toman accounting across the documented Safavid and Qajar observations as a continuing account lineage, with coin standards and denominations recorded as epochs. This qualified identity extension does not claim every local Persian toman variant was interchangeable.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Inherited Iranian account tradition", "text": "Extend Persian toman/dinar accounting into its inherited Ilkhanid and post-Ilkhanid tradition. Scholarship explicitly identifies inherited money of account. Earlier regional dinars and tomans retain qualified identity associations; no universal common value across regions is asserted.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Ilkhanid fiscal accounting", "text": "Mustawfi’s revenues for 1335 are reported in currency dinars, including 2,871,200 for Fars and 325,000 for Khuzistan. The fiscal witness is explicit; association with the later Persian account lineage is qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Regional toman payment", "text": "Rumlu reports a payment of 300 kepaki tomans in 1506. Preserve the regional name and qualify its association with the later consolidated Persian profile.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Toman accounts before the VOC witness", "text": "Barker’s 1626 account describes reckoning in tomans and decimal amounts rather than naming the coins used in payment.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Independent account-unit description", "text": "Olearius in 1637 explicitly identifies the toman as a unit of account.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "An Indian step-parent for Iranian accounting", "text": "Nader Shah’s implemented 1740 reform deliberately aligned Iranian rupee/naderi reckoning with Indian rupees and set one silver toman equal to 20 silver rupees. Record a qualified unit-adoption event, preserving Iranian ancestry; no continuing market peg is inferred.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Iranian ancient frontier", "text": "The reviewed account continuity does not close the gap to Sasanian or Achaemenid money. A shared dinar name or coin-weight imitation does not establish those ancestry links.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier Ilkhanid account definition", "text": "Ghazan’s1296 system defined the dinar as an account multiple of six silver dirhams. Bates follows its subsequent changes through the toman to the 1931 rial subdivision; association with the retained Persian profile remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Open bridge toward today’s Iranian rial", "text": "The checked sources do not yet establish the intervening account inheritance from the early eastern dirham to Ilkhanid reckoning. Neither the shared word nor a gap in minting settles that relationship.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" } ], "summary": "Extend Persian toman/dinar accounting into its inherited Ilkhanid and post-Ilkhanid tradition. Scholarship explicitly identifies inherited money of account. Earlier regional dinars and tomans retain qualified identity associations; no universal common value across regions is asserted.", "adopted_basis_relationship_ids": [ "SP-V35-001" ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000164", "label": "Zimbabwe dollar — restored 2019 currency", "aliases": [ "Zimbabwe dollar — restored 2019 currency" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-016", "R-V25-011" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1118", "C1256", "C1344" ], "source_ids": [ "S110", "S662" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "1 USD in covered balances = 1 RTGS dollar. United States dollar local Zimbabwe obligations and USD RTGS balances converted to RTGS dollar. Scope expressly excludes protected foreign-currency accounts and foreign loans/obligations. Treat as local account succession, not ancestry of all USD contracts everywhere.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000164", "label": "Zimbabwe dollar — restored 2019 currency", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000532" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1118", "C1256", "C1344" ], "source_ids": [ "S110", "S662" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-016" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000072", "label": "Costa Rican peso", "aliases": [ "Costa Rican peso" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1273-1839", "label": "Costa Rica authorized peso-denominated vouchers in 1839 specifically to pay public employees. Public remuneration establishes account/payment use before the first peso-labelled coin issues. Earlier Federal and Spanish account succession remains unproved here.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1839, "latest_year": 1839, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1839" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1273" ], "source_ids": [ "S626" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-017" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1119", "C1273", "C1510", "C1594" ], "source_ids": [ "S227", "S626" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1273-FTM000072-1839", "scope": "Costa Rica authorized peso-denominated vouchers in 1839 specifically to pay public employees. Public remuneration establishes account/payment use before the first peso-labelled coin issues. Earlier Federal and Spanish account succession remains unproved here.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1839, "latest_year": 1839, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1839" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1273" ], "source_ids": [ "S626" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1510-FTM000072-1839", "scope": "Costa Rica authorized30,000pesos in vouchers for public employee payments.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1839, "latest_year": 1839, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1839" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1510" ], "source_ids": [ "S626" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Costa Rica authorized peso-denominated vouchers in 1839 specifically to pay public employees. Public remuneration establishes account/payment use before the first peso-labelled coin issues. Earlier Federal and Spanish account succession remains unproved here.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Costa Rica authorized30,000pesos in vouchers for public employee payments.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The1896monetary reform established the colón after Costa Rican peso accounting; the new unit subsequently denominated bank capital under1900law. Authoritative monetary history identifies prior peso obligations and subsequent principal colón unit. Do not assert a conversion ratio or merge as mere rename without further evidence.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000072", "label": "Costa Rican peso", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000073" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1119", "C1273", "C1510", "C1594" ], "source_ids": [ "S227", "S626" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-017" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000088", "label": "Paraguayan peso fuerte", "aliases": [ "Paraguayan peso fuerte" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1274-1820", "label": "A 16 May 1820 Paraguayan order specified a monthly public salary of six pesos fuertes. The salary fact is supported. Grouping this earlier local peso fuerte with the existing predecessor profile is qualified across the war and later monetary reorganizations.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1820, "latest_year": 1820, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1820" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1274" ], "source_ids": [ "S627" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-018" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1120", "C1274", "C1305", "C1306" ], "source_ids": [ "S533", "S627" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1274-FTM000088-1820", "scope": "A 16 May 1820 Paraguayan order specified a monthly public salary of six pesos fuertes. The salary fact is supported. Grouping this earlier local peso fuerte with the existing predecessor profile is qualified across the war and later monetary reorganizations.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1820, "latest_year": 1820, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1820" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1274" ], "source_ids": [ "S627" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "A 16 May 1820 Paraguayan order specified a monthly public salary of six pesos fuertes. The salary fact is supported. Grouping this earlier local peso fuerte with the existing predecessor profile is qualified across the war and later monetary reorganizations.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Paraguay’s 10 January 1823 decree assessed cattle and market-cart taxes in reales. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The 27 November 1842 Paraguayan coinage law instructed the government to retain the familiar old monetary system. Supports retained reckoning, but coinage authorization does not by itself establish a complete Spanish-to-modern branch.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000088", "label": "Paraguayan peso fuerte", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000089" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1120", "C1274", "C1305", "C1306" ], "source_ids": [ "S533", "S627" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-018" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-PENGO", "label": "Hungarian pengő", "aliases": [ "Hungarian pengő" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-019", "R-V27-045" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1121", "C1530", "C1703" ], "source_ids": [ "S534", "S768", "S871" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-PENGO", "label": "Hungarian pengő", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000327" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1121", "C1530", "C1703" ], "source_ids": [ "S534", "S768", "S871" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-019" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "New scoped Hungarian korona is necessary between AH crown and pengő.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000314", "label": "Polish mark", "aliases": [ "Polish mark" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-020", "R-V27-047" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1122", "C1529", "C1639", "C1705" ], "source_ids": [ "S535", "S873", "S786" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000314", "label": "Polish mark", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000316" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1122", "C1529", "C1639", "C1705" ], "source_ids": [ "S535", "S873", "S786" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-020" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Firm German-mark obligation absorption fills one predecessor; does not fabricate1917 founding genealogy.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1924regulation converted covered private-law claims payable inPolishmarks intozlotys under a datedvaluation scale. Direct account-obligation conversion establishes1924edge; laterwar/postwar continuity is a separate profilequestion.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000157", "label": "Mozambican escudo", "aliases": [ "Mozambican escudo" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1293-1914", "label": "Add Mozambique’s statutory public/private account-system anchor effective 1 January 1914; include earlier real reckoning as an internal pre-1914 phase where independently evidenced. Do not split the unit solely at real-to-escudo rescaling. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1914, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914-01-01", "iso_date": "1914-01-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1293" ], "source_ids": [ "S652", "S541" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-021", "R-V25-005" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1123", "C1250", "C1293", "C1583" ], "source_ids": [ "S532", "S652", "S541" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1293-FTM000157-1914", "scope": "Add Mozambique’s statutory public/private account-system anchor effective 1 January 1914; include earlier real reckoning as an internal pre-1914 phase where independently evidenced. Do not split the unit solely at real-to-escudo rescaling. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1914, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914-01-01", "iso_date": "1914-01-01" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1293" ], "source_ids": [ "S652", "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Add Mozambique’s statutory public/private account-system anchor effective 1 January 1914; include earlier real reckoning as an internal pre-1914 phase where independently evidenced. Do not split the unit solely at real-to-escudo rescaling. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1913law mandates metropolitan-system publicaccounts from1914 and equivalents in private documents; territorialescudo adoption is explicit. Account adoption firm; law alone doesnot prove newlydistinct regionalunit. Preserve profilepending independentboundary evidence.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000157", "label": "Mozambican escudo", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000159" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1123", "C1250", "C1293", "C1583" ], "source_ids": [ "S532", "S652", "S541" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-021" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000154", "label": "Angolan escudo", "aliases": [ "Angolan escudo" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1298-1953", "label": "Statutory Angolan escudo prescription", "date": { "earliest_year": 1953, "latest_year": 1953, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1953-06-27", "iso_date": "1953-06-27" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1298" ], "source_ids": [ "S659" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-022", "R-V27-032" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1124", "C1298", "C1337", "C1339", "C1464", "C1690" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S659", "S652", "S653", "S541", "S854" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1298-FTM000154-1953", "scope": "The1953Organic Law prescribes escudo as monetary unit in all Portuguese overseas provinces,including Angola. This is a legal-unit anchor; the date is promulgation,not an established local cash changeover or exact commencement.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1953, "latest_year": 1953, "precision": "day", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1953-06-27", "iso_date": "1953-06-27" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1298" ], "source_ids": [ "S659" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1464-FTM000154-1953", "scope": "1953law prescribes overseasescudo;1926law expressly replaced earlierlocalescudoaccountunit withangolar. Latercontractconversion angolar→escudo stillmissing.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1953, "latest_year": 1953, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1953" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1464" ], "source_ids": [ "S659", "S653" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The1953Organic Law prescribes escudo as monetary unit in all Portuguese overseas provinces,including Angola. This is a legal-unit anchor; the date is promulgation,not an established local cash changeover or exact commencement.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "1913 law and 1926 reform prove Angolan escudo account reckoning before 1926. Extend the local account lineage with an angolar reform phase only after adjudicating the 1953–1958 return to escudo. Do not silently identify first and later escudos across that interval or create a new node only for the name angolar. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Whether earlier Angolan escudo,1926angolar and1950sescudo form one continuing account identity is not settled by the inspected evidence. No new angolar parent or silent merge is recommended in this pass.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "1953law prescribes overseasescudo;1926law expressly replaced earlierlocalescudoaccountunit withangolar. Latercontractconversion angolar→escudo stillmissing.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000154", "label": "Angolan escudo", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000156" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1124", "C1298", "C1337", "C1339", "C1464", "C1690" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S659", "S652", "S653", "S541", "S854" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-022" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-BOSNIAN-DINAR", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar", "aliases": [ "Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-024", "R-V27-046" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1126", "C1531", "C1704" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S245", "S872" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-BOSNIAN-DINAR", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000313" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1126", "C1531", "C1704" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S245", "S872" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-024" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Local territorial succession from Yugoslav dinar established.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000369", "label": "Tajikistani ruble", "aliases": [ "Tajikistani ruble" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-031", "R-V27-011" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1133", "C1481", "C1669" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S763" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000369", "label": "Tajikistani ruble", "navigation_group": "Ruble", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000370" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1133", "C1481", "C1669" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S763" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-031" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1481-FTM000369-1995", "scope": "Cash conversion was 100 Russian rubles per Tajik ruble; balance-sheet categories used differing rates, including 1000:1 and 1200:1. A single cash ratio must not be applied to all accounts.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1995, "latest_year": 1995, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1995" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1481" ], "source_ids": [ "S763" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Cash conversion was 100 Russian rubles per Tajik ruble; balance-sheet categories used differing rates, including 1000:1 and 1200:1. A single cash ratio must not be applied to all accounts.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000377", "label": "Sudanese dinar", "aliases": [ "Sudanese dinar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1301-2002", "label": "Dinar statutory account unit", "date": { "earliest_year": 2002, "latest_year": 2002, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "2002" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1301" ], "source_ids": [ "S664" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-033", "R-V25-013" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1135", "C1257", "C1258", "C1301", "C1346", "C1628" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S301", "S663", "S664", "S665", "S666" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1301-FTM000377-2002", "scope": "The2002Bank of Sudan Act defines the dinar as the national currency unit and expresses bank capital in dinars.", "date": { "earliest_year": 2002, "latest_year": 2002, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "2002" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1301" ], "source_ids": [ "S664" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The2002Bank of Sudan Act defines the dinar as the national currency unit and expresses bank capital in dinars.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "10 old Sudanese pounds = 1 dinar. Earlier Sudanese pound to dinar, introduction/co-circulation followed by replacement. Exact account law not obtained; classify the edge qualified because first-issue and final-replacement dates differ.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Sudanese dinar succeeded the Sudanese pound at ten pounds per dinar. The 2002 Act expressly defines the dinar as the unit; the 1992 note introduction and July 1999 IFS unit/reporting milestone must remain separate. Upgrade ancestry while preserving date uncertainty: 1992 cash issue is not assumed to establish every account conversion. Original implementing transition instrument still missing.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000377", "label": "Sudanese dinar", "navigation_group": "Ottoman", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000378", "FTM000379" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1135", "C1257", "C1258", "C1301", "C1346", "C1628" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S301", "S663", "S664", "S665", "S666" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-033" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000296", "label": "Afghan rupee — Kabuli account unit", "aliases": [ "Afghan rupee — Kabuli account unit" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-034" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1136" ], "source_ids": [ "S539", "S324" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000296", "label": "Afghan rupee — Kabuli account unit", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000298" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1136" ], "source_ids": [ "S539", "S324" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-034" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000160", "label": "São Tomé escudo", "aliases": [ "São Tomé escudo" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1294-1914", "label": "Add São Tomé’s statutory public/private account-system anchor effective 1 January 1914. Independence overprinting is an issuer phase. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1914, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1294" ], "source_ids": [ "S652", "S542" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-038", "R-V25-006" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1140", "C1251", "C1294", "C1584" ], "source_ids": [ "S542", "S652" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1294-FTM000160-1914", "scope": "Add São Tomé’s statutory public/private account-system anchor effective 1 January 1914. Independence overprinting is an issuer phase. ", "date": { "earliest_year": 1914, "latest_year": 1914, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1914" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1294" ], "source_ids": [ "S652", "S542" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Add São Tomé’s statutory public/private account-system anchor effective 1 January 1914. Independence overprinting is an issuer phase. ", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1913law mandates metropolitan-system publicaccounts from1914 and equivalents in private documents; territorialescudo adoption is explicit. Account adoption firm; law alone doesnot prove newlydistinct regionalunit. Preserve profilepending independentboundary evidence.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000160", "label": "São Tomé escudo", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000162" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1140", "C1251", "C1294", "C1584" ], "source_ids": [ "S542", "S652" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-038" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000094", "label": "Venezolano", "aliases": [ "Venezolano" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1277-1871", "label": "The 11 May 1871 reform established the venezolano, with conversion of public and private accounts required from 1 January 1872. Earlier account-unit observation than the existing 1879 replacement anchor; exact primary decree still sought.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1871, "latest_year": 1871, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1871" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1277" ], "source_ids": [ "S544" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-040" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1142", "C1277", "C1310" ], "source_ids": [ "S544" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1277-FTM000094-1871", "scope": "The 11 May 1871 reform established the venezolano, with conversion of public and private accounts required from 1 January 1872. Earlier account-unit observation than the existing 1879 replacement anchor; exact primary decree still sought.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1871, "latest_year": 1871, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1871" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1277" ], "source_ids": [ "S544" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 11 May 1871 reform established the venezolano, with conversion of public and private accounts required from 1 January 1872. Earlier account-unit observation than the existing 1879 replacement anchor; exact primary decree still sought.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "A 12 June 1865 law called the peso fuerte the venezolano de oro; continuity to the 1871 system needs direct comparison of both laws. Do not create a node from the gold/silver naming distinction alone.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000094", "label": "Venezolano", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000098" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1142", "C1277", "C1310" ], "source_ids": [ "S544" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-040" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-RIAU-RUPIAH", "label": "Riau Islands rupiah", "aliases": [ "Riau Islands rupiah" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-046", "R-V27-006" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1148", "C1561", "C1618", "C1664" ], "source_ids": [ "S547", "S740", "S741", "S739" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-RIAU-RUPIAH", "label": "Riau Islands rupiah", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000340" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1148", "C1561", "C1618", "C1664" ], "source_ids": [ "S547", "S740", "S741", "S739" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-046" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Separate KR-rupiah salary/payment liabilities and explicit subsequent conversion into national rupiah establish independent account unit, beyond regional notes.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Riau payroll and pensions switched fromKR to ordinary IndonesianRp in1964; pre-existing KR payment/deduction obligations required a ministerial settlement procedure. Actual statutory remuneration and residual KR obligations establish account-unit absorption, not merely note withdrawal. June1tender andJuly1salary commencement are separate milestones.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Separate KR-rupiah salary/payment liabilities and explicit subsequent conversion into national rupiah establish independent account unit, beyond regional notes.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-JINAN-YUAN", "label": "Jinan yuan", "aliases": [ "Jinan Bank yuan", "Jinan yuan" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1267-1940", "label": "Jinan Bank yuan", "date": { "earliest_year": 1940, "latest_year": 1940, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1940" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1267" ], "source_ids": [ "S616" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-047", "R-V27-040" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1149", "C1267", "C1475", "C1560", "C1698" ], "source_ids": [ "S548", "S616", "S742", "S866" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1267-CUR-V22-JINAN-YUAN-1940", "scope": "A1940 joint administrative programme designated Jinan banknotes the region's basic currency; this predates its1948RMB unification anchor. Policy quoted in historical research, original archival order not inspected. Protection of fabi and mixed circulation do not by themselves establish fabi→Jinan ancestry.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1940, "latest_year": 1940, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1940" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1267" ], "source_ids": [ "S616" ], "anchor_role": "legally_designated_regional_account_currency", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1475-CUR-V22-JINAN-YUAN-1946", "scope": "Regional law required fiscal receipts/expenditure, financial dealings, commercial transactions and debts to be priced and settled inJinan currency. The exact enactment date remains unlocated.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1939, "latest_year": 1946, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1939–1946" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1475" ], "source_ids": [ "S742" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "A1940 joint administrative programme designated Jinan banknotes the region's basic currency; this predates its1948RMB unification anchor. Policy quoted in historical research, original archival order not inspected. Protection of fabi and mixed circulation do not by themselves establish fabi→Jinan ancestry.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Regional law required fiscal receipts/expenditure, financial dealings, commercial transactions and debts to be priced and settled inJinan currency. The exact enactment date remains unlocated.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Designated unit for fiscal accounting, commercial dealings and creditor/debtor settlement. Rename label Jinan yuan; bank issuer belongs in profile metadata.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Designated unit for fiscal accounting, commercial dealings and creditor/debtor settlement. Rename label Jinan yuan; bank issuer belongs in profile metadata.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-JINAN-YUAN", "label": "Jinan yuan", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000459" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1149", "C1267", "C1475", "C1560", "C1698" ], "source_ids": [ "S548", "S616", "S742", "S866" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-047" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-YEMEN-DINAR", "label": "South Arabian / South Yemeni dinar", "aliases": [ "South Arabian / South Yemeni dinar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-049", "R-V27-016" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1151", "C1674" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S189" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-YEMEN-DINAR", "label": "South Arabian / South Yemeni dinar", "navigation_group": "Arabian histories", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000320" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1151", "C1674" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S189" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-049" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-SOUTH-VIETNAM-DONG", "label": "South Vietnamese đồng", "aliases": [ "South Vietnamese đồng" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-050", "R-V27-039" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1152", "C1525", "C1616", "C1697" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S865", "S738", "S864" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-SOUTH-VIETNAM-DONG", "label": "South Vietnamese đồng", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000140" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1152", "C1525", "C1616", "C1697" ], "source_ids": [ "S98", "S865", "S738", "S864" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-050" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1525-CUR-V22-SOUTH-VIETNAM-DONG-1975", "scope": "Southern monetary reckoning was rescaled500old piastres/dong to1new southern dong in September1975. The north and south retained separate currencies after political unification; no1975national merger is inferred.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1975, "latest_year": 1975, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1975" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1525" ], "source_ids": [ "S865" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Southern monetary reckoning was rescaled500old piastres/dong to1new southern dong in September1975. The north and south retained separate currencies after political unification; no1975national merger is inferred.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Decision87-CP converted southern deposits, capital accounts, wages, pensions and prices into nationwide dong at0.80southern dong to1newdong, while northern dong converted1:1. Article8 removes note-only uncertainty. Under no-new-node-for-issuer/scale policy, northern account continuity stays with existingVND; southern account is absorbed. Earlier South Vietnamese phases still require their own evidence.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-CALCUTTA-SICCA", "label": "Calcutta sicca rupee", "aliases": [ "Calcutta sicca rupee" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH23-C1197-1765", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1765, "latest_year": 1765, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1765" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1197" ], "source_ids": [ "S580" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH23-C1198-1773", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1773, "latest_year": 1773, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1773" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1198" ], "source_ids": [ "S581" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-051", "R-V28-001", "R-V35-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1153", "C1197", "C1198", "C1761", "C1794", "C1798", "C1808", "C2010" ], "source_ids": [ "S549", "S580", "S581", "S910", "S909", "S913", "S1041" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "A July 1765 agreement allocates the Bengal Nawab’s annual government allowance in sicca rupees. Association with the later Calcutta sicca profile is a qualified regional continuity; intervening standards and local ratings are not fully adjudicated.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The Hooghly collector’s March 1773 remittance records revenue collections in sicca rupees. This is a direct accounting observation; grouping it with the later Calcutta sicca remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Regulation XXXV required sicca-denominated new contracts and revenue payments, as quoted by the Privy Council.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Sicca obligations passed into Company-rupee accounting: the1835 Act governs contractual discharge, and the court follows an actual converted rent through the change. The1838 tender endpoint does not erase statutory exceptions. ", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Calcutta sicca is independently established as a contractual and fiscal account unit by the1793 regulation quoted and applied in the1874 Privy Council judgment. ActXVII1835 explicitly recognizes sicca-denominated contracts separately from Company-rupee discharge. This replaces the indexed-only identity basis for the1793–1838 scope.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified inherited ancestry", "text": "Bengal and Company sicca accounting inherited the Mughal rupee system through regional Nawabi arrangements. Admit compressed regional ancestry, retaining distinctions among sicca, current and Patna accounts. The immediate stages and differentiation dates remain qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-CALCUTTA-SICCA", "label": "Calcutta sicca rupee", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000234", "FTM000235", "FTM000236", "FTM000237", "FTM000238", "FTM000240", "FTM000242", "FTM000243", "FTM000244", "FTM000285", "FTM000286", "FTM000287", "FTM000288", "FTM000290", "FTM000291", "FTM000292", "FTM000293", "FTM000294", "FTM000300", "FTM000302", "FTM000303", "FTM000320" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1153", "C1197", "C1198", "C1761", "C1794", "C1798", "C1808", "C2010" ], "source_ids": [ "S549", "S580", "S581", "S910", "S909", "S913", "S1041" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-051" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS28-C1761-CUR-V22-CALCUTTA-SICCA-1793", "scope": "Regulation XXXV required sicca-denominated new contracts and revenue payments, as quoted by the Privy Council.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1793, "latest_year": 1793, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1793" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1761" ], "source_ids": [ "S910" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000076", "label": "Honduran real / peso", "aliases": [ "Honduran peso", "Honduran real / peso" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1299-1879", "label": "Honduran peso legal account unit", "date": { "earliest_year": 1879, "latest_year": 1879, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1879" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1299" ], "source_ids": [ "S545" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-052", "R-V27-035" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1154", "C1299", "C1343", "C1524", "C1595", "C1693" ], "source_ids": [ "S545", "S861", "S858" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1299-FTM000076-1879", "scope": "Honduran peso plata was established as official currency in1879, divided into100centavos, and was the peso later replaced under the1926lempira legislation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1879, "latest_year": 1879, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1879" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1299" ], "source_ids": [ "S545" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1524-FTM000076-1879", "scope": "Decree46changed Honduras's monetary unit from real to decimal peso.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1879, "latest_year": 1879, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1879" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1524" ], "source_ids": [ "S861" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Honduran peso plata was established as official currency in1879, divided into100centavos, and was the peso later replaced under the1926lempira legislation.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Original scholarship reconstructs Honduran official trade accounts and explicitly identifies peso plata as one of their valuation units.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Decree46changed Honduras's monetary unit from real to decimal peso.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Original tradeaccountresearch explicitly identifiesHonduranpeso as unitreplaced bylempira under1926decree102, withcirculationin1931. Fulltext nowinspected, correcting obsoleteindexed-only limitation. Supportedlocalreplacement; exact obligationconversiondate/rate withheld.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000076", "label": "Honduran real / peso", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000077" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1154", "C1299", "C1343", "C1524", "C1595", "C1693" ], "source_ids": [ "S545", "S861", "S858" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-052" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-SWEDISH-SPECIE", "label": "Swedish riksdaler specie", "aliases": [ "Swedish riksdaler specie" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-053" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1155" ], "source_ids": [ "S550" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V22-SWEDISH-SPECIE", "label": "Swedish riksdaler specie", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000330" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1155" ], "source_ids": [ "S550" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V22-053" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000118", "label": "Korean yen / won before the North–South currency separation", "aliases": [ "Korean yen / won before the North–South currency separation" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-011", "R-V27-021", "R-V27-027" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1171", "C1492", "C1493", "C1518", "C1617", "C1679", "C1685", "C2017" ], "source_ids": [ "S570", "S571", "S809", "S617", "S618", "S849", "S850", "S851", "S746", "S844", "S843", "S1049", "S1050" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000118", "label": "Korean yen / won before the North–South currency separation", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000121", "FTM000122" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1171", "C1492", "C1493", "C1518", "C1617", "C1679", "C1685", "C2017" ], "source_ids": [ "S570", "S571", "S809", "S617", "S618", "S849", "S850", "S851", "S746", "S844", "S843", "S1049", "S1050" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-011", "R-V27-021" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1492-FTM000118-1905", "scope": "Korean government borrowing and currency reform used the new gold won/yen reckoning in1905. The reform converted old silver10nyang (2oldwon) into1newgoldwon and accepted old currency toward taxes during a transitional period.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1905, "latest_year": 1905, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1905" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1492" ], "source_ids": [ "S809" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1493-FTM000118-1953", "scope": "Southern Korea continued the existing won through the1950 issuer change; old Joseon won notes and new Bank of Korea won notes circulated together before the1953 hwan reform.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1950, "latest_year": 1953, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1950–1953" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1493" ], "source_ids": [ "S617", "S618" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1518-FTM000118-1946", "scope": "The inherited Korean yen/won continued as the local accounting and settlement unit in southern Korea under occupation monetary controls; the replacement and withdrawal of particular Japanese and military notes did not by themselves create further unit identities.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1945, "latest_year": 1946, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1945–1946" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1518" ], "source_ids": [ "S849", "S850", "S851" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Korean government borrowing and currency reform used the new gold won/yen reckoning in1905. The reform converted old silver10nyang (2oldwon) into1newgoldwon and accepted old currency toward taxes during a transitional period.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Southern Korea continued the existing won through the1950 issuer change; old Joseon won notes and new Bank of Korea won notes circulated together before the1953 hwan reform.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The inherited Korean yen/won continued as the local accounting and settlement unit in southern Korea under occupation monetary controls; the replacement and withdrawal of particular Japanese and military notes did not by themselves create further unit identities.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "December1947 reform established northern money as sole unlimited public/private settlement medium, converted prior common-unit instruments at par and regulated existing deposits and debts. Distinct northern settlement jurisdiction together with legal withdrawal of cross-border common instruments and handling of balances supports regional branch; do not create a Soviet-ruble parent.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Earlier Korean account identity", "text": "Korean silver won/nyang accounts predate the 1905 yen-based reform. The relation between earlier local continuity, the adopted Japanese basis and the retained Korean profile needs a separate identity adjudication; this pass does not create an extra currency merely for rescaling.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000141", "label": "Royal / Vientiane kip", "aliases": [ "Royal / Vientiane kip" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-012", "R-V23-013" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1172", "C1173" ], "source_ids": [ "S572", "S573" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000141", "label": "Royal / Vientiane kip", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000143" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1172", "C1173" ], "source_ids": [ "S572", "S573" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-012" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000138", "label": "Indochinese piastre", "aliases": [ "Indochinese piastre" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-013", "R-V23-014", "R-V27-039", "R-V27-043" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1173", "C1174", "C1697", "C1701", "C2056" ], "source_ids": [ "S573", "S574", "S864", "S869", "S870", "S1077" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000138", "label": "Indochinese piastre", "navigation_group": "Southeast Asian histories", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000140", "FTM000143" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1173", "C1174", "C1697", "C1701", "C2056" ], "source_ids": [ "S573", "S574", "S864", "S869", "S870", "S1077" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-013", "R-V23-014", "R-V27-039" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Borrowed subdivisions and unresolved succession", "text": "Aymonier attributes ten-tiền ligature subdivision to Annamese imitation. This establishes limited accounting influence, not ancestry of the whole Cambodian bat account. Thai derivation and piastre absorption remain unverified.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "FTM000144", "label": "Cambodian riel before abolition", "aliases": [ "Cambodian riel before abolition" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-014", "R-V23-015" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1174", "C1175", "C1614" ], "source_ids": [ "S574", "S591", "S838", "S839" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000144", "label": "Cambodian riel before abolition", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1174", "C1175", "C1614" ], "source_ids": [ "S574", "S591", "S838", "S839" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The national currency name was restored after abolition; an account-balance succession between the two riels has not been established. Account-unit source adjudication.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V23-ZURICH-GULDEN", "label": "Zurich gulden account unit", "aliases": [ "Zurich gulden account unit" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH23-C1183-1803", "label": "Earlier accounting observation", "date": { "earliest_year": 1803, "latest_year": 1803, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1803" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1183" ], "source_ids": [ "S552" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1161", "C1183" ], "source_ids": [ "S551", "S552" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Zurich government sources of 1803 reckon in local gulden.", "report_url": "/revision-23/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V23-ZURICH-GULDEN", "label": "Zurich gulden account unit", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000245" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1161", "C1183" ], "source_ids": [ "S551", "S552" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-001" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V23-EAST-SWISS-REICHSGULDEN", "label": "Eastern Swiss Reichswährung gulden (contract unit)", "aliases": [ "Eastern Swiss Reichswährung gulden (contract unit)" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1162" ], "source_ids": [ "S551" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V23-EAST-SWISS-REICHSGULDEN", "label": "Eastern Swiss Reichswährung gulden (contract unit)", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000245" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1162" ], "source_ids": [ "S551" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-002" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000099", "label": "Cuban peso oro español — local Spanish-gold accounting", "aliases": [ "Cuban peso oro español — local Spanish-gold accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-020", "R-V27-038" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1180", "C1570", "C1696" ], "source_ids": [ "S585", "S586" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000099", "label": "Cuban peso oro español — local Spanish-gold accounting", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000100" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1180", "C1570", "C1696" ], "source_ids": [ "S585", "S586" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V23-020" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Peso oro español is expressly an imaginary unit of account/value distinct from circulating coins; contract/account conversion corroborates denomination. Metal phrase in label does not make it only a gold coin.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Peso oro español is expressly an imaginary unit of account/value distinct from circulating coins; contract/account conversion corroborates denomination. Metal phrase in label does not make it only a gold coin.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ] }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V24-NPL-PAISA16", "label": "Nepalese 16-ganda paisa rupee", "aliases": [ "Nepalese 16-ganda paisa rupee" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH24-C1212-1855", "label": "Distinct paisa-rupee endowment accounts", "date": { "earliest_year": 1855, "latest_year": 1855, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1855" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1212" ], "source_ids": [ "S577", "S576" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V24-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1205", "C1212", "C1511", "C1612" ], "source_ids": [ "S577", "S576" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS24-C1212-CUR-V24-NPL-PAISA16-1855", "scope": "An October 1855 royal endowment records distinct amounts in mohar rupees and 16-ganda paisa rupees. Their separately valued accounting establishes the latter as an account unit, not merely a coin or subdivision.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1855, "latest_year": 1855, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1855" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1212" ], "source_ids": [ "S577", "S576" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_transition", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1511-CUR-V24-NPL-PAISA16-1855", "scope": "Endowment income converted between mohar and16-ganda paisa accounts.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1855, "latest_year": 1855, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1855" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1511" ], "source_ids": [ "S577" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "An October 1855 royal endowment records distinct amounts in mohar rupees and 16-ganda paisa rupees. Their separately valued accounting establishes the latter as an account unit, not merely a coin or subdivision.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Endowment income converted between mohar and16-ganda paisa accounts.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The concurrent16-ganda paisa-rupee account was abolished during the reported nationwide consolidation into mohar-rupee accounting. Bounded reporting envelope, not an exact decree date.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V24-NPL-PAISA16", "label": "Nepalese 16-ganda paisa rupee", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000384" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1205", "C1212", "C1511", "C1612" ], "source_ids": [ "S577", "S576" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V24-001" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "T-FTM000480", "label": "Dutch lion-dollar trade account unit", "aliases": [ "Dutch lion-dollar trade account unit" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH24-C1215-1690", "label": "Lion-dollar account convention", "date": { "earliest_year": 1690, "latest_year": 1690, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1690" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1215" ], "source_ids": [ "S601", "S557" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V24-002", "R-V24-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1206", "C1207", "C1215", "C1319", "C1793", "C1881" ], "source_ids": [ "S601", "S599", "S557", "S602", "S603", "S553", "S554", "S637", "S907" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS24-C1215-T-FTM000480-1690", "scope": "Dutch esedi/lion-dollar accounting is documented before and during the adoption of domestically managed Ottoman reckoning. This scoped trade account identity excludes generic thalers and undifferentiated kuruş references; 1575 minting is not used as its account-unit birth.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1690, "latest_year": 1690, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1690" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1215" ], "source_ids": [ "S601", "S557" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_transition", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Dutch esedi/lion-dollar accounting is documented before and during the adoption of domestically managed Ottoman reckoning. This scoped trade account identity excludes generic thalers and undifferentiated kuruş references; 1575 minting is not used as its account-unit birth.", "report_url": "/revision-24/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Dutch esedi convention contributed to domestically managed Ottoman kuruş accounting; retain it as an external contribution to an existing Ottoman identity, not its founding parent. The new study confirms accounting influence but generic kuruş records cannot prove a universal Dutch-to-Ottoman obligation conversion.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Retain Dutch esedi influence as a later contribution to an existing Ottoman system, not its founding parent. Foreign accounting influence is documented, but generic kuruş and payment/account overlap prevent a universal obligation-conversion claim.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "T-FTM000480", "label": "Dutch lion-dollar trade account unit", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000256", "FTM000258", "FTM000260", "FTM000302", "FTM000303", "FTM000304", "FTM000313", "FTM000374", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1206", "C1207", "C1215", "C1319", "C1793", "C1881" ], "source_ids": [ "S601", "S599", "S557", "S602", "S603", "S553", "S554", "S637", "S907" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V24-002", "R-V24-003" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V25-BUENOS-AIRES-PESO-CORRIENTE", "label": "Buenos Aires peso moneda corriente", "aliases": [ "Buenos Aires peso moneda corriente" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1276-1826", "label": "Buenos Aires peso moneda corriente", "date": { "earliest_year": 1826, "latest_year": 1826, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1826" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1276" ], "source_ids": [ "S595" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V25-002", "R-V25-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1247", "C1248", "C1276", "C1600" ], "source_ids": [ "S595", "S629" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1276-CUR-V25-BUENOS-AIRES-PESO-CORRIENTE-1826", "scope": "Buenos Aires had a locally scoped peso moneda corriente distinct from strong silver reckoning, used in contracts and public instruments. Admission relies on distinct accounting and contractual discharge, not simply paper material or a new issuer. Early creation date remains open.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1826, "latest_year": 1826, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1826" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1276" ], "source_ids": [ "S595" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Buenos Aires had a locally scoped peso moneda corriente distinct from strong silver reckoning, used in contracts and public instruments. Admission relies on distinct accounting and contractual discharge, not simply paper material or a new issuer. Early creation date remains open.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1881law mandatesnationalunit contracts andconversionofexistingobligations; localbank emissions mustrenew inmoneda nacional withintwoyears. BuenosAirespeso isone localinput. Typedunification supported;no inventeduniversal25:1ratio, noexclusiveBAparent.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V25-BUENOS-AIRES-PESO-CORRIENTE", "label": "Buenos Aires peso moneda corriente", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000061" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1247", "C1248", "C1276", "C1600" ], "source_ids": [ "S595", "S629" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V25-003" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V25-EPHESOS-GOLD", "label": "Ephesian Artemision gold account unit", "aliases": [ "Ephesian Artemision gold account unit" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1288--550", "label": "Ephesian sanctuary treasury account", "date": { "earliest_year": -650, "latest_year": -550, "precision": "approximate_range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "late seventh or early sixth century BCE; approximate editorial bounds" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1288" ], "source_ids": [ "S644" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1288", "C1328", "C1329", "C1330" ], "source_ids": [ "S644" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1288-CUR-V25-EPHESOS-GOLD--550", "scope": "An Artemision revenue account totals gold and silver receipts in pure-gold minas. Its late seventh/early sixth-century BCE date is an approximate editorial envelope, not a founding date.", "date": { "earliest_year": -650, "latest_year": -550, "precision": "approximate_range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "late seventh or early sixth century BCE; approximate editorial bounds" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1288" ], "source_ids": [ "S644" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "An Artemision revenue account totals gold and silver receipts in pure-gold minas. Its late seventh/early sixth-century BCE date is an approximate editorial envelope, not a founding date.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The Artemision lead account records temple receipts in gold and silver, with Side A aggregating their value in pure-gold minas. Sufficient account use for a narrowly scoped Ephesian treasury identity; no separate mina and stater currencies.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Kroll dates the lead account’s use to the late seventh or early sixth century BCE, distinguishing its inscription from its later deposition. Use an explicitly approximate date envelope, not a founding date.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Kroll interprets the account as bullion reckoning coexisting with early electrum coins; it does not document a Lydian electrum-to-Croeseid account conversion. Keep the Ephesian unit distinct from any proposed Lydian royal currency grouping.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V25-EPHESOS-GOLD", "label": "Ephesian Artemision gold account unit", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1288", "C1328", "C1329", "C1330" ], "source_ids": [ "S644" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V25-EGYPT-DRACHMA", "label": "Egyptian silver drachma accounting — Ptolemaic and Roman traditions", "aliases": [ "Roman-Egyptian drachma and talent reckoning", "Egyptian silver drachma accounting — Ptolemaic and Roman traditions" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1284-88", "label": "Roman-Egyptian tax accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 71, "latest_year": 88, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "71–88" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1284" ], "source_ids": [ "S490" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1285-197", "label": "Egyptian fine accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 197, "latest_year": 197, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "197" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1285" ], "source_ids": [ "S490" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1286-351", "label": "Talent-denarius expenditure account", "date": { "earliest_year": 351, "latest_year": 351, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "351" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1286" ], "source_ids": [ "S641" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH36-C2023", "label": "Ptolemaic oil duties", "date": { "earliest_year": -259, "latest_year": -259, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-259" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2023" ], "source_ids": [ "S1056" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH36-C2024", "label": "Silver debt beside bronze accounts", "date": { "earliest_year": -35, "latest_year": -35, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-35" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2024" ], "source_ids": [ "S967" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V25-004", "R-V36-001", "R-V36-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1249", "C1284", "C1285", "C1286", "C1323", "C1324", "C1325", "C1326", "C1331", "C1332", "C1845", "C1849", "C1853", "C2022", "C2023", "C2024", "C2037", "C2038" ], "source_ids": [ "S640", "S641", "S490", "S645", "S967", "S1055", "S1057", "S1056", "S1051" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1284-CUR-V25-EGYPT-DRACHMA-88", "scope": "Edfu receipts dated 71/72–88 CE record local drachma amounts for a tax assessed in denarii. The local Roman-Egyptian drachma/talent profile is scoped to this attested accounting; Ptolemaic continuity remains open.", "date": { "earliest_year": 71, "latest_year": 88, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "71–88" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1284" ], "source_ids": [ "S490" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS25-C1285-CUR-V25-EGYPT-DRACHMA-197", "scope": "A 197 CE papyrus equates a denarius fine to Egyptian drachmas, with an additional agio; this attests local accounting, not the creation of either unit.", "date": { "earliest_year": 197, "latest_year": 197, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "197" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1285" ], "source_ids": [ "S490" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS25-C1286-CUR-V25-EGYPT-DRACHMA-351", "scope": "P.Oxy.12.1431, assigned to early 351, explicitly equates 225 myriads of denarii with 1,500 talents in a rug expenditure.", "date": { "earliest_year": 351, "latest_year": 351, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "351" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1286" ], "source_ids": [ "S641" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1845-CUR-V25-EGYPT-DRACHMA--20", "scope": "O.Mich. IV 1114 securely dates a silver-standard tax payment to 20 BCE.", "date": { "earliest_year": -20, "latest_year": -20, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-20" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1845" ], "source_ids": [ "S967" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS36-C2023-CUR-V25-EGYPT-DRACHMA--259", "scope": "The259 BCE Revenue Laws prescribe oil-import duties of 12 drachmas per metretes and prohibited-import penalties of 100. This is account evidence; its association with the retained Egyptian continuity is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": -259, "latest_year": -259, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-259" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2023" ], "source_ids": [ "S1056" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS36-C2024-CUR-V25-EGYPT-DRACHMA--35", "scope": "BGU XIV2376 records a 3,080-silver-drachma debt in 35 BCE separately from bronze-talent damages. The parallel accounts are retained as distinct units.", "date": { "earliest_year": -35, "latest_year": -35, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-35" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2024" ], "source_ids": [ "S967" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Edfu receipts dated 71/72–88 CE record local drachma amounts for a tax assessed in denarii. The local Roman-Egyptian drachma/talent profile is scoped to this attested accounting; Ptolemaic continuity remains open.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "A 197 CE papyrus equates a denarius fine to Egyptian drachmas, with an additional agio; this attests local accounting, not the creation of either unit.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "P.Oxy.12.1431, assigned to early 351, explicitly equates 225 myriads of denarii with 1,500 talents in a rug expenditure.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "After the Alexandrian tetradrachm ceased to be minted in 296, Egyptian drachma accounting continued for payments made in denarii, reckoned at four drachmas per denarius. This concerns actual accounting persistence during monetary integration, beyond an isolated exchange quotation.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The denarius did not wholly displace Egyptian drachma-and-talent accounting; the drachma term declined during the fourth century while talent reckoning persisted. Do not represent 296 as instant extinction of local accounting.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "P.Oxy.12.1431, assigned to early 351, explicitly equates 225 myriads of denarii with 1,500 talents in a rug expenditure. Documented common valuation: 1,500 denarii per talent. Exact day is uncertain; use year 351.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Egypt’s integration into denarius accounting can be represented as a qualified local absorption beginning in 296, with older expressions continuing into the fourth century. It is not the origin of Roman currency. One local later-absorption edge; founding_predecessor=false. Do not use it to infer Greek parentage for Rome’s original denarius.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Muhs reports that the Egyptian silver deben was equated to twenty drachmas before Alexander, and that this equation survived Ptolemy I’s reductions of coin weight. A useful earlier identity lead; note 133 dates the first attestation to 410–400 BCE, but that document was not independently collated.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "In early Ptolemaic accounts, Demotic deben/kite expressions became accounting units detached from their former theoretical silver weights. Do not create automatic extra currency nodes for alternate-language denominations or each coin-weight change. The Ptolemaic-to-Roman identity boundary still needs local account comparison.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "O.Mich. IV 1114 securely dates a silver-standard tax payment to 20 BCE.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Bagnall establishes continued drachma accounting for denarius payments after 296, at four drachmas per denarius. This supports local accounting integration, while a single universal conversion or origin of Roman currency remains unproved. ", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "The securely dated silver-account receipt independently supports the existing scoped Egyptian account identity.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Ptolemaic and Roman Egyptian continuity", "text": "Extend the Egyptian silver account through Ptolemaic and Roman traditions. Regional monetary separation and account witnesses support this scope; a new ruler or lighter coin alone does not create a currency.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Ptolemaic oil duties", "text": "The259 BCE Revenue Laws prescribe oil-import duties of 12 drachmas per metretes and prohibited-import penalties of 100. This is account evidence; its association with the retained Egyptian continuity is qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Silver debt beside bronze accounts", "text": "BGU XIV2376 records a 3,080-silver-drachma debt in 35 BCE separately from bronze-talent damages. The parallel accounts are retained as distinct units.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified drachm ancestry", "text": "Egyptian silver accounting inherited the Attic drachma structure and developed a separate regional system with distinct internal and external valuations. Admit qualified ancestry, not a branch created solely by Ptolemaic rulers or reduced coin weights.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified drachm ancestry", "text": "The Egyptian copper-drachma account developed from silver reckoning, initially at a reported1:60 relation, while the silver account persisted. Its independent valuation supports a parallel child account. Late-third/early-second-century chronology is a research envelope.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V25-EGYPT-DRACHMA", "label": "Egyptian silver drachma accounting — Ptolemaic and Roman traditions", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000092", "FTM000151", "FTM000153", "FTM000156", "FTM000159", "FTM000162", "FTM000178", "FTM000188", "FTM000190", "FTM000193", "FTM000194", "FTM000195", "FTM000200", "FTM000203", "FTM000219", "FTM000223", "FTM000225", "FTM000232", "FTM000263", "FTM000264", "FTM000266", "FTM000268", "FTM000271", "FTM000272", "FTM000273", "FTM000275", "FTM000283", "FTM000387", "T-FTM000464", "T-FTM000492", "T-FTM000497", "T-FTM000507", "T-FTM000509", "T-FTM000511", "T-FTM000513", "T-FTM000517", "T-FTM000521", "T-FTM000523", "T-FTM000528", "T-FTM000529", "T-FTM000642", "T-FTM000644", "T-FTM000645", "T-FTM000647" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1249", "C1284", "C1285", "C1286", "C1323", "C1324", "C1325", "C1326", "C1331", "C1332", "C1845", "C1849", "C1853", "C2022", "C2023", "C2024", "C2037", "C2038" ], "source_ids": [ "S640", "S641", "S490", "S645", "S967", "S1055", "S1057", "S1056", "S1051" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V25-004", "R-V36-002" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "summary": "Extend the Egyptian silver account through Ptolemaic and Roman traditions. Regional monetary separation and account witnesses support this scope; a new ruler or lighter coin alone does not create a currency." }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V25-ROMAN-DENARIUS", "label": "Roman as–denarius–sestertius accounting", "aliases": [ "Roman imperial denarius reckoning", "Roman denarius–sestertius reckoning — Republic and Empire", "Roman denarius", "Roman sestertius", "Roman sesterce", "Republican Roman accounting", "Roman as–denarius–sestertius accounting", "Antoninianus", "Argenteus", "Denarius communis (modern term)", "As", "Assarius" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1283-301", "label": "Statutory denarius price ceilings", "date": { "earliest_year": 301, "latest_year": 301, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "301" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1283" ], "source_ids": [ "S642", "S643" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH25-C1287-351", "label": "Talent-denarius expenditure account", "date": { "earliest_year": 351, "latest_year": 351, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "351" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1287" ], "source_ids": [ "S641" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH33-C1970", "label": "Republican denarius accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": -70, "latest_year": -70, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "70 BCE (literary witness)" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1970" ], "source_ids": [ "S1023", "S1024" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH33-C1971", "label": "Sesterces in submitted accounts", "date": { "earliest_year": -70, "latest_year": -70, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "70 BCE (literary witness)" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1971" ], "source_ids": [ "S1025", "S1026" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH34-C1982", "label": "early_bronze", "date": { "earliest_year": -500, "latest_year": -401, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "Fifth century BCE; retrospective evidence" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1982" ], "source_ids": [ "S1036" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH39-C2077", "label": "Denarius accounting under the new coinage", "date": { "earliest_year": 301, "latest_year": 301, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "301" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2077" ], "source_ids": [ "S1087", "S1090" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH39-C2079", "label": "Denarius myriads beside gold accounts", "date": { "earliest_year": 375, "latest_year": 425, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "Around the turn of the fourth/fifth century", "qualification_note": "Editorial range375–425 approximates the publication’s turn-of-century dating; not an exact transaction date." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2079" ], "source_ids": [ "S1092" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH39-C2080", "label": "Sixth-century continuation requires semantic care", "date": { "earliest_year": 566, "latest_year": 566, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "566" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2080" ], "source_ids": [ "S1092", "S1090" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V25-004", "R-V39-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1249", "C1283", "C1287", "C1322", "C1323", "C1324", "C1325", "C1326", "C1327", "C1844", "C1849", "C1970", "C1971", "C1972", "C1973", "C1974", "C1976", "C1981", "C1982", "C1994", "C2075", "C2076", "C2077", "C2078", "C2079", "C2080", "C2081", "C2082", "C2083", "C2084" ], "source_ids": [ "S640", "S641", "S642", "S643", "S966", "S1023", "S1024", "S1025", "S1026", "S1027", "S1028", "S1035", "S1037", "S1036", "S1085", "S1086", "S1087", "S1090", "S1088", "S1092", "S1089", "S483", "S1091" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1283-CUR-V25-ROMAN-DENARIUS-301", "scope": "The 301 Maximum Prices Edict expresses statutory price ceilings in denarii; its Athenian copy preserves portions covering footwear and leather goods.", "date": { "earliest_year": 301, "latest_year": 301, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "301" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1283" ], "source_ids": [ "S642", "S643" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS25-C1287-CUR-V25-ROMAN-DENARIUS-351", "scope": "P.Oxy.12.1431, assigned to early 351, explicitly equates 225 myriads of denarii with 1,500 talents in a rug expenditure.", "date": { "earliest_year": 351, "latest_year": 351, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "351" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1287" ], "source_ids": [ "S641" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1844-CUR-V25-ROMAN-DENARIUS-57", "scope": "On 8 January 57 CE, WT44 records Tibullus owing Gratus 105 denarii for merchandise sold and delivered, repayable to him or his assignee. This is an explicit contractual account denomination.", "date": { "earliest_year": 57, "latest_year": 57, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "57" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1844" ], "source_ids": [ "S966" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS33-C1970-CUR-V25-ROMAN-DENARIUS", "scope": "Cicero's In Verrem 2.3.214–215 and 225 (70 BCE) reports wheat prices and commutation demands in denarii. The Latin explicitly names the unit. This is a dated literary witness to account denomination, not an original ledger or a currency founding date; the reported transactions precede the text.", "date": { "earliest_year": -70, "latest_year": -70, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "70 BCE (literary witness)" }, "date_role": "literary_witness_not_transaction_date", "claim_ids": [ "C1970" ], "source_ids": [ "S1023", "S1024" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS33-C1971-CUR-V25-ROMAN-DENARIUS", "scope": "In Verrem 2.1.36–37 (70 BCE) presents submitted receipts, expenditure and a remaining balance in sesterces, with HS and nummos in the Latin. It supplies literary evidence of accounting, not a surviving ledger. Exact copied totals and the earlier transaction date are not used here.", "date": { "earliest_year": -70, "latest_year": -70, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "70 BCE (literary witness)" }, "date_role": "literary_witness_not_transaction_date", "claim_ids": [ "C1971" ], "source_ids": [ "S1025", "S1026" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS34-C1982-CUR-V25-ROMAN-DENARIUS--401", "scope": "Bernard considers reports of fifth-century BCE bronze/as fines and Twelve Tables reckoning credible evidence of early account use. Add a qualified retrospective fifth-century witness, not a surviving contemporary ledger, standardized bronze object or founding date.", "date": { "earliest_year": -500, "latest_year": -401, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "Fifth century BCE; retrospective evidence" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1982" ], "source_ids": [ "S1036" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS39-C2077-CUR-V25-ROMAN-DENARIUS-301", "scope": "The301 monetary dossier from Aphrodisias values the argenteus at 100 denarii and the nummus at 25, and regulates settlement of public and private debts across the September revaluation. New coin denominations therefore did not abolish denarius accounting.", "date": { "earliest_year": 301, "latest_year": 301, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "301" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2077" ], "source_ids": [ "S1087", "S1090" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS39-C2079-CUR-V25-ROMAN-DENARIUS-425", "scope": "P.Vrat.inv.2 lists a contribution of 3,600 myriads of denarii beside contributions in solidi. Its proposed date is around the turn of the fourth and fifth centuries. This records parallel reckoning, not termination of the older account.", "date": { "earliest_year": 375, "latest_year": 425, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "Around the turn of the fourth/fifth century", "qualification_note": "Editorial range375–425 approximates the publication’s turn-of-century dating; not an exact transaction date." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2079" ], "source_ids": [ "S1092" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS39-C2080-CUR-V25-ROMAN-DENARIUS-566", "scope": "Dzierzbicka and Łajtar cite P.Oxy.55.3804.271 (566) for4,800 myriads per solidus. This supports later Egyptian myriad reckoning; association with the older denarius profile is qualified because late usage and nummus terminology changed. It is not evidence for an unchanged denarius coin or constant value.", "date": { "earliest_year": 566, "latest_year": 566, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "566" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2080" ], "source_ids": [ "S1092", "S1090" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "The 301 Maximum Prices Edict expresses statutory price ceilings in denarii; its Athenian copy preserves portions covering footwear and leather goods.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "P.Oxy.12.1431, assigned to early 351, explicitly equates 225 myriads of denarii with 1,500 talents in a rug expenditure.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "The 301 Maximum Prices Edict expresses statutory price ceilings in denarii; its Athenian copy preserves portions covering footwear and leather goods. Admit an account-unit identity rather than a coin issue; 301 is an observation, not a founding year.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "Bagnall and Bransbourg identify a property transaction dated 27 March 352, P.Stras.1.9, as their earliest known Egyptian transaction specifying payment in gold coinage. An attestation and scholarly earliest-known claim, not a universal first use or a proved denarius-to-solidus conversion.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "On 8 January 57 CE, WT44 records Tibullus owing Gratus 105 denarii for merchandise sold and delivered, repayable to him or his assignee. This is an explicit contractual account denomination.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Bagnall establishes continued drachma accounting for denarius payments after 296, at four drachmas per denarius. This supports local accounting integration, while a single universal conversion or origin of Roman currency remains unproved. ", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Republican denarius accounting", "text": "Cicero's In Verrem 2.3.214–215 and 225 (70 BCE) reports wheat prices and commutation demands in denarii. The Latin explicitly names the unit. This is a dated literary witness to account denomination, not an original ledger or a currency founding date; the reported transactions precede the text.", "report_url": "/revision-33/index.html" }, { "title": "Sesterces in submitted accounts", "text": "In Verrem 2.1.36–37 (70 BCE) presents submitted receipts, expenditure and a remaining balance in sesterces, with HS and nummos in the Latin. It supplies literary evidence of accounting, not a surviving ledger. Exact copied totals and the earlier transaction date are not used here.", "report_url": "/revision-33/index.html" }, { "title": "Denominations, not successive currencies", "text": "Pliny, Natural History 33.44–45, relates denarius, quinarius and sestertius to the as at 10/5/2½ and later 16/8/4, while reporting a military-pay exception. Record this as retrospective denomination and retariff evidence, not an external currency adoption or a firm date for either reform.", "report_url": "/revision-33/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier weighed-bronze frontier", "text": "Gaius, Institutes 1.119–122, explains the bronze-and-scales conveyance ceremony through earlier bronze payments measured by weight, including the as and its fractions. This retrospective account is a predecessor lead; it does not establish a contemporary early-Roman account observation or the precise transition into denarius reckoning.", "report_url": "/revision-33/index.html" }, { "title": "Gold accounting expands; older reckoning persists", "text": "Bagnall and Bransbourg find gold dominant in larger Egyptian transactions after the mid-fourth century, while payments reckoned in drachmas, talents and denarii continue. Their evidence supports coexistence and changing use, not a single universal denarius-to-solidus conversion. No succession or step-parent edge is added in this pass.", "report_url": "/revision-33/index.html" }, { "title": "Roman profile scope clarified", "text": "Retain one Roman denarius–sestertius reckoning profile, now explicitly including Republican witnesses. Sesterce amounts are related account scales, not a new generation inferred from a coin name. Political periods and the later divergence of account denarii from physical coins do not by themselves create new currency identities. Earlier bronze identity boundaries remain open.", "report_url": "/revision-33/index.html" }, { "title": "roman_continuity", "text": "Treat Roman as, denarius and sestertius reckoning as epochs of the retained Roman account profile. Crawford describes official assessments moving from asses to sestertii; the integrated denarius system explicitly related its denominations in asses. Retariffing and denomination changes do not alone create separate currencies.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "early_bronze", "text": "Bernard considers reports of fifth-century BCE bronze/as fines and Twelve Tables reckoning credible evidence of early account use. Add a qualified retrospective fifth-century witness, not a surviving contemporary ledger, standardized bronze object or founding date.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "held_greek", "text": "Greek and South Italian influence on Roman coin production does not by itself establish inheritance or deliberate adoption of a foreign account unit. Keep that external parent question open.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "One account system, several denominations", "text": "The early denarius equalled ten asses and the sestertius two and a half. Retariffing made these sixteen and four asses while preserving four sestertii per denarius. These are denominations within the retained Roman account profile, not separate currency generations. This does not identify every provincial assarion with the Roman as.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Antoninianus: probable double denarius", "text": "The antoninianus introduced in 215 is generally interpreted as a double denarius, but the tariff is inferred and debated. Record it as a coinage episode within Roman accounting, not a new currency or a terminal date for denarius reckoning.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Denarius accounting under the new coinage", "text": "The301 monetary dossier from Aphrodisias values the argenteus at 100 denarii and the nummus at 25, and regulates settlement of public and private debts across the September revaluation. New coin denominations therefore did not abolish denarius accounting.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern terminology, not a new official currency", "text": "Denarius communis is a modern scholarly expression, not an attested ancient official name. Retain it as a search alias with this qualification, not as a newly founded currency.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Denarius myriads beside gold accounts", "text": "P.Vrat.inv.2 lists a contribution of 3,600 myriads of denarii beside contributions in solidi. Its proposed date is around the turn of the fourth and fifth centuries. This records parallel reckoning, not termination of the older account.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Sixth-century continuation requires semantic care", "text": "Dzierzbicka and Łajtar cite P.Oxy.55.3804.271 (566) for4,800 myriads per solidus. This supports later Egyptian myriad reckoning; association with the older denarius profile is qualified because late usage and nummus terminology changed. It is not evidence for an unchanged denarius coin or constant value.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "The earlier gold component", "text": "Literary evidence equates the Roman aureus with25 denarii or100 sesterces. Gold therefore already belonged to the earlier denomination system; it was not an unrelated monetary invention when later gold accounting emerged.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Gold fraction and silver coin label differ", "text": "A gold siliqua or keration is one twenty-fourth of a solidus. Rovelli rejects the assumption that the late Roman silver coins conventionally called siliquae necessarily carried that nominal value. Their modern name cannot establish a permanent peg or a denarius→antoninianus→argenteus→siliqua account genealogy.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Parallel units with changing exchange values", "text": "Bagnall’s fourth-century Egyptian evidence treats solidi and silver bullion as independently valued in denarii after324. Gold could itself denominate prices without an automatic denarius equivalence. Retain two overlapping account profiles; no fixed adopted-basis relationship is established.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified Roman gold-account branch", "text": "Admit a qualified gold-account branch through Roman monetary reforms: the aureus was a denomination of denarius/sestertius reckoning; gold valuation separated, and the solidus replaced the aureus and became an independent accounting basis. This is our synthesis of documented monetary transformation, not a quoted genealogical conclusion. The274–375 research envelope compresses reform and account emergence, not a founding date, fixed conversion or end of denarius reckoning.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V25-ROMAN-DENARIUS", "label": "Roman as–denarius–sestertius accounting", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000092", "FTM000151", "FTM000153", "FTM000156", "FTM000159", "FTM000162", "FTM000178", "FTM000188", "FTM000190", "FTM000193", "FTM000194", "FTM000195", "FTM000200", "FTM000203", "FTM000219", "FTM000223", "FTM000225", "FTM000232", "FTM000263", "FTM000264", "FTM000266", "FTM000268", "FTM000271", "FTM000272", "FTM000273", "FTM000275", "FTM000283", "FTM000387", "T-FTM000464", "T-FTM000492", "T-FTM000497", "T-FTM000507", "T-FTM000509", "T-FTM000511", "T-FTM000513", "T-FTM000517", "T-FTM000521", "T-FTM000523", "T-FTM000528", "T-FTM000529", "T-FTM000642", "T-FTM000644", "T-FTM000645", "T-FTM000647" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Denarius reckoning outlived its coin. Later Egyptian myriad evidence is preserved with semantic qualification; no universal account termination is established.", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2080" ], "successor_ids": [ "CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA" ], "family_fate": "qualified_gold_branch_and_overlapping_accounting" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1249", "C1283", "C1287", "C1322", "C1323", "C1324", "C1325", "C1326", "C1327", "C1844", "C1849", "C1970", "C1971", "C1972", "C1973", "C1974", "C1976", "C1981", "C1982", "C1994", "C2075", "C2076", "C2077", "C2078", "C2079", "C2080", "C2081", "C2082", "C2083", "C2084" ], "source_ids": [ "S640", "S641", "S642", "S643", "S966", "S1023", "S1024", "S1025", "S1026", "S1027", "S1028", "S1035", "S1037", "S1036", "S1085", "S1086", "S1087", "S1090", "S1088", "S1092", "S1089", "S483", "S1091" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V39-001" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "summary": "Treat Roman as, denarius and sestertius reckoning as epochs of the retained Roman account profile. Crawford describes official assessments moving from asses to sestertii; the integrated denarius system explicitly related its denominations in asses. Retariffing and denomination changes do not alone create separate currencies.", "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Denarius reckoning outlived its coin. Later Egyptian myriad evidence is preserved with semantic qualification; no universal account termination is established.", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2080" ], "successor_ids": [ "CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA" ], "family_fate": "qualified_gold_branch_and_overlapping_accounting" } }, { "currency_id": "FTM000376", "label": "Sudanese pound before the dinar", "aliases": [ "Sudanese pound before the dinar" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH25-C1300-1957", "label": "Earlier Sudanese pound accounts", "date": { "earliest_year": 1957, "latest_year": 1957, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1957" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1300" ], "source_ids": [ "S665", "S666", "S667" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V25-013", "R-V25-014" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1258", "C1259", "C1300", "C1347", "C1627", "C1628" ], "source_ids": [ "S664", "S665", "S666", "S667", "S189" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS25-C1300-FTM000376-1957", "scope": "Contemporary1964research records the Sudanese pound replacing local Egyptian-pound use at parity in1957. The earlier Sudanese pound is a scoped account identity; a1956note imprint is not a proved account commencement date.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1957, "latest_year": 1957, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1957" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1300" ], "source_ids": [ "S665", "S666", "S667" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier unit continuity", "text": "Contemporary1964research records the Sudanese pound replacing local Egyptian-pound use at parity in1957. The earlier Sudanese pound is a scoped account identity; a1956note imprint is not a proved account commencement date.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Gap review finding", "text": "1 Egyptian pound = 1 first Sudanese pound. Egyptian pound as actually used in Sudan replaced at parity by first Sudanese pound. Original1964 study supports local currency settlement and account-series continuity; exact1956Act uninspected.", "report_url": "/revision-25/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Sudan replaced Egyptian currency with its own pound in 1957 at parity; the Currency Board exchanged Egyptian notes from 8 April to 7 July and subsequently coins, assuming the earlier government coin liability. Documented actual monetary replacement, not inference from a sterling peg. Exact cash windows do not define every obligation.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The Sudanese dinar succeeded the Sudanese pound at ten pounds per dinar. The 2002 Act expressly defines the dinar as the unit; the 1992 note introduction and July 1999 IFS unit/reporting milestone must remain separate. Upgrade ancestry while preserving date uncertainty: 1992 cash issue is not assumed to establish every account conversion. Original implementing transition instrument still missing.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "FTM000376", "label": "Sudanese pound before the dinar", "navigation_group": "Ottoman", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000378", "FTM000379" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1258", "C1259", "C1300", "C1347", "C1627", "C1628" ], "source_ids": [ "S664", "S665", "S666", "S667", "S189" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V25-013" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-GAMBIA-BAR", "label": "Gambia River trade bar", "aliases": [ "Gambia River trade bar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1350", "C1351" ], "source_ids": [ "S668" ], "account_scope": "Gambia River trading accounts documented by Moore1730–1735", "research_qualifications": [ "A named reckoning unit valued heterogeneous goods and claims; not a node for iron as a generic commodity. Do not merge every West African bar currency." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1350-CUR-V26-GAMBIA-BAR-1735", "scope": "Bar denominates quantities of different goods, with negotiated assortments adding to a purchase price; Moore explicitly describes reckoning by bars or crowns.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1730, "latest_year": 1735, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1730–1735" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1350" ], "source_ids": [ "S668" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1351-CUR-V26-GAMBIA-BAR-1732", "scope": "Narrated dispute at Nackway imposed a 300-bar payment. Retain the author’s partisan framing as source perspective, not verified fairness of the adjudication.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1732, "latest_year": 1732, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1732" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1351" ], "source_ids": [ "S668" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Bar denominates quantities of different goods, with negotiated assortments adding to a purchase price; Moore explicitly describes reckoning by bars or crowns.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Narrated dispute at Nackway imposed a 300-bar payment. Retain the author’s partisan framing as source perspective, not verified fairness of the adjudication.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "unresolved No complete family extinction established.", "locator": "Printed p.45: A BARR; p.124:1732 dispute at Nackway; printed23–24/PDF10–11, Money and Bargaining", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S668", "S675" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-GAMBIA-BAR", "label": "Gambia River trade bar", "navigation_group": "African and Pacific account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "unresolved No complete family extinction established.", "locator": "Printed p.45: A BARR; p.124:1732 dispute at Nackway; printed23–24/PDF10–11, Money and Bargaining", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S668", "S675" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1350", "C1351" ], "source_ids": [ "S668" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-ETHIOPIA-AMOLE", "label": "Northern Ethiopian amole reckoning", "aliases": [ "Northern Ethiopian amole reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1352", "C1353", "C1467", "C1724" ], "source_ids": [ "S669" ], "account_scope": "Northern highlands and Shoa connected to Danakil salt supply; observed regional price variation", "research_qualifications": [ "Counted accepted bars measured taxes and prices. Southern small-bar bagé is excluded pending separate identity review." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1352-CUR-V26-ETHIOPIA-AMOLE-1911", "scope": "Tax schedules specify 8/6/4 bars per camel/mule/donkey load; analysis describes a price structure reckoned in amoles. Worn bars ceased to be accepted as money and were instead weighed as commodities.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1830, "latest_year": 1911, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1830–1911" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1352" ], "source_ids": [ "S669" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1353-CUR-V26-ETHIOPIA-AMOLE-1527", "scope": "Alvarez reports widespread salt-bar monetary use and court-expense provision. Earlier 525 salt trade is context, not proof of continuous identity to amole.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1520, "latest_year": 1527, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1520–1527" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1353" ], "source_ids": [ "S669" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1467-CUR-V26-ETHIOPIA-AMOLE-None", "scope": "Lifecycle review: 1935invasion is a study-period boundary, not a proven demonetization date. No complete family extinction established.", "date": { "earliest_year": null, "latest_year": null, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "None" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1467" ], "source_ids": [ "S669" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Tax schedules specify 8/6/4 bars per camel/mule/donkey load; analysis describes a price structure reckoned in amoles. Worn bars ceased to be accepted as money and were instead weighed as commodities.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Alvarez reports widespread salt-bar monetary use and court-expense provision. Earlier 525 salt trade is context, not proof of continuous identity to amole.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Lifecycle review: 1935invasion is a study-period boundary, not a proven demonetization date. No complete family extinction established.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Lifecycle review: 1935invasion is a study-period boundary, not a proven demonetization date. No complete family extinction established.", "locator": "pp.214–216,221–223,228–230; page-specific URLs append ?pageId=T1_229, etc.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V26-ETHIOPIA-AMOLE", "claim_ids": [ "C1724" ], "source_ids": [ "S669" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-ETHIOPIA-AMOLE", "label": "Northern Ethiopian amole reckoning", "navigation_group": "African and Pacific account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Lifecycle review: 1935invasion is a study-period boundary, not a proven demonetization date. No complete family extinction established.", "locator": "pp.214–216,221–223,228–230; page-specific URLs append ?pageId=T1_229, etc.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V26-ETHIOPIA-AMOLE", "claim_ids": [ "C1724" ], "source_ids": [ "S669" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1352", "C1353", "C1467", "C1724" ], "source_ids": [ "S669" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-KONGO-NZIMBU", "label": "Kongo nzimbu reckoning", "aliases": [ "Kongo nzimbu reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1354" ], "source_ids": [ "S670" ], "account_scope": "Kingdom of Kongo and specified Luanda-linked accounting evidence; no all-Central-Africa scope", "research_qualifications": [ "Research explicitly treats nzimbu as an account unit and tribute liability; it is not taxonomically identical with imported cowries." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1354-CUR-V26-KONGO-NZIMBU-1575", "scope": "Thesis reports Garcia Simoes letter of 20 October 1575 with monetary reckoning and describes tribute liabilities determining demand.1782 account measures are separately reported; do not impose their factors on 1575.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1575, "latest_year": 1575, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1575" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1354" ], "source_ids": [ "S670" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Thesis reports Garcia Simoes letter of 20 October 1575 with monetary reckoning and describes tribute liabilities determining demand.1782 account measures are separately reported; do not impose their factors on 1575.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Thesis separates later ritual survival from transactional monetary demand. No complete family extinction established.", "locator": "printed26–27/PDF43–44, nzimbu; printed42–43/PDF59–60, mitako; printed52–55/PDF69–72, decrees, accounting and survival", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S670" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-KONGO-NZIMBU", "label": "Kongo nzimbu reckoning", "navigation_group": "African and Pacific account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Thesis separates later ritual survival from transactional monetary demand. No complete family extinction established.", "locator": "printed26–27/PDF43–44, nzimbu; printed42–43/PDF59–60, mitako; printed52–55/PDF69–72, decrees, accounting and survival", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S670" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1354" ], "source_ids": [ "S670" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-CONGO-MITAKO", "label": "Congo state-regulated mitako reckoning", "aliases": [ "Congo state-regulated mitako reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1355", "C1468", "C1725" ], "source_ids": [ "S670" ], "account_scope": "Congo Free State administrative exchanges and wages, with district-specific valuations", "research_qualifications": [ "Account reckoning distinct from metal supply. Regional rod lengths and valuations must be profiled; do not declare all local rods one uniform currency." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1355-CUR-V26-CONGO-MITAKO-1901", "scope": "Goods were priced in mitako, sometimes settled in other goods. Reported decrees 30 July 1886,15 December 1893,28 November 1901 regulated valuation, district conversion to state currency and salary payments. Original laws remain uninspected.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1886, "latest_year": 1901, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1886–1901" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1355" ], "source_ids": [ "S670" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1468-CUR-V26-CONGO-MITAKO-None", "scope": "Lifecycle review: administrative conversion framework observed; general ending unproven No complete family extinction established.", "date": { "earliest_year": null, "latest_year": null, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "None" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1468" ], "source_ids": [ "S670" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Goods were priced in mitako, sometimes settled in other goods. Reported decrees 30 July 1886,15 December 1893,28 November 1901 regulated valuation, district conversion to state currency and salary payments. Original laws remain uninspected.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Lifecycle review: administrative conversion framework observed; general ending unproven No complete family extinction established.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Lifecycle review: administrative conversion framework observed; general ending unproven No complete family extinction established.", "locator": "printed26–27/PDF43–44, nzimbu; printed42–43/PDF59–60, mitako; printed52–55/PDF69–72, decrees, accounting and survival", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V26-CONGO-MITAKO", "claim_ids": [ "C1725" ], "source_ids": [ "S670" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-CONGO-MITAKO", "label": "Congo state-regulated mitako reckoning", "navigation_group": "African and Pacific account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Lifecycle review: administrative conversion framework observed; general ending unproven No complete family extinction established.", "locator": "printed26–27/PDF43–44, nzimbu; printed42–43/PDF59–60, mitako; printed52–55/PDF69–72, decrees, accounting and survival", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V26-CONGO-MITAKO", "claim_ids": [ "C1725" ], "source_ids": [ "S670" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1355", "C1468", "C1725" ], "source_ids": [ "S670" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-ASANTE-PEREDWAN", "label": "Asante gold-account reckoning", "aliases": [ "Asante gold-account reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1356", "C1469", "C1726" ], "source_ids": [ "S671" ], "account_scope": "Asante internal markets and courts; peredwan-based scale", "research_qualifications": [ "Named denomination system used in court fines and fees; gold ornaments or generic weighed bullion are not sufficient by themselves." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1356-CUR-V26-ASANTE-PEREDWAN-1929", "scope": "Central peredwan unit and fractional scale used alongside smaller damba,taku,domafo,doma values; small values enter court fines and fee distribution. Metrological relationships to other standards do not establish parentage.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1800, "latest_year": 1929, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1800–1929" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1356" ], "source_ids": [ "S671" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1469-CUR-V26-ASANTE-PEREDWAN-None", "scope": "Lifecycle review: unresolved No complete family extinction established.", "date": { "earliest_year": null, "latest_year": null, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "None" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1469" ], "source_ids": [ "S671" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Central peredwan unit and fractional scale used alongside smaller damba,taku,domafo,doma values; small values enter court fines and fee distribution. Metrological relationships to other standards do not establish parentage.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Lifecycle review: unresolved No complete family extinction established.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Lifecycle review: unresolved No complete family extinction established.", "locator": "printed94: denomination system and court fines;90: fieldwork1968", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V26-ASANTE-PEREDWAN", "claim_ids": [ "C1726" ], "source_ids": [ "S671" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-ASANTE-PEREDWAN", "label": "Asante gold-account reckoning", "navigation_group": "African and Pacific account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Lifecycle review: unresolved No complete family extinction established.", "locator": "printed94: denomination system and court fines;90: fieldwork1968", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V26-ASANTE-PEREDWAN", "claim_ids": [ "C1726" ], "source_ids": [ "S671" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1356", "C1469", "C1726" ], "source_ids": [ "S671" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-TOLAI-TAMBU", "label": "Tolai tambu reckoning", "aliases": [ "Tolai tambu reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1357", "C1358", "C1470", "C1727" ], "source_ids": [ "S672", "S673" ], "account_scope": "Tolai communities of Gazelle Peninsula, East New Britain", "research_qualifications": [ "Fathom-denominated market payments and a recognized accounting function, alongside imported cash; no automatic merger with Kove tambu." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1357-CUR-V26-TOLAI-TAMBU-1899", "scope": "Administration paid tambu for road work.1901 restriction applied to trade with Europeans and did not end covert use. Account-unit function is explicit in the study.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1899, "latest_year": 1899, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1899" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1357" ], "source_ids": [ "S672" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1358-CUR-V26-TOLAI-TAMBU-1968", "scope": "Reported Matupi price:10–12 small fish for quarter-fathom tambu or one shilling; other goods imply different cash ratios. Do not treat exchange rates as ancestral conversion.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1968, "latest_year": 1968, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1968" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1358" ], "source_ids": [ "S673" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1470-CUR-V26-TOLAI-TAMBU-None", "scope": "Lifecycle review: European-trade prohibition did not establish disappearance. Positive historical continuation only; current2026status was not audited.", "date": { "earliest_year": null, "latest_year": null, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "None" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1470" ], "source_ids": [ "S672" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Administration paid tambu for road work.1901 restriction applied to trade with Europeans and did not end covert use. Account-unit function is explicit in the study.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Reported Matupi price:10–12 small fish for quarter-fathom tambu or one shilling; other goods imply different cash ratios. Do not treat exchange rates as ancestral conversion.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Lifecycle review: European-trade prohibition did not establish disappearance. Positive historical continuation only; current2026status was not audited.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "historical_survival_documented_current_status_unreviewed", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Lifecycle review: European-trade prohibition did not establish disappearance. Positive historical continuation only; current2026status was not audited.", "locator": "printed76/PDF4; printed80–82/PDF8–10", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V26-TOLAI-TAMBU", "claim_ids": [ "C1727" ], "source_ids": [ "S672" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-TOLAI-TAMBU", "label": "Tolai tambu reckoning", "navigation_group": "African and Pacific account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "historical_survival_documented_current_status_unreviewed", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Lifecycle review: European-trade prohibition did not establish disappearance. Positive historical continuation only; current2026status was not audited.", "locator": "printed76/PDF4; printed80–82/PDF8–10", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V26-TOLAI-TAMBU", "claim_ids": [ "C1727" ], "source_ids": [ "S672" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1357", "C1358", "C1470", "C1727" ], "source_ids": [ "S672", "S673" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-KOVE-TAMBU", "label": "Kove tambu obligation reckoning", "aliases": [ "Kove tambu obligation reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1359", "C1471", "C1728" ], "source_ids": [ "S674" ], "account_scope": "Kove communities of northwest New Britain; disc-bead shell strings", "research_qualifications": [ "Quantified marriage-related obligations and loans, separate from Tolai money despite shared Pidgin name." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1359-CUR-V26-KOVE-TAMBU-1972", "scope": "A fathom entails return of two mats; loans to ambitious men carry 100 percent repayment increment. Article records obligations rising from 2–3 to 20–30 fathoms and bride payments exceeding 100. This is quantified obligation money, not merely ornament.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1966, "latest_year": 1972, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1966–1972" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1359" ], "source_ids": [ "S674" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1471-CUR-V26-KOVE-TAMBU-None", "scope": "Lifecycle review: positive survival in1966–1972; later fate unreviewed Positive historical continuation only; current2026status was not audited.", "date": { "earliest_year": null, "latest_year": null, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "None" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1471" ], "source_ids": [ "S674" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "A fathom entails return of two mats; loans to ambitious men carry 100 percent repayment increment. Article records obligations rising from 2–3 to 20–30 fathoms and bride payments exceeding 100. This is quantified obligation money, not merely ornament.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Lifecycle review: positive survival in1966–1972; later fate unreviewed Positive historical continuation only; current2026status was not audited.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "historical_survival_documented_current_status_unreviewed", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Lifecycle review: positive survival in1966–1972; later fate unreviewed Positive historical continuation only; current2026status was not audited.", "locator": "Opening fieldwork paragraph1966; paragraph beginning For every fathom; paragraph beginning To become a mahoni; paragraphs on recent inflation", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V26-KOVE-TAMBU", "claim_ids": [ "C1728" ], "source_ids": [ "S674" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-KOVE-TAMBU", "label": "Kove tambu obligation reckoning", "navigation_group": "African and Pacific account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "historical_survival_documented_current_status_unreviewed", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Lifecycle review: positive survival in1966–1972; later fate unreviewed Positive historical continuation only; current2026status was not audited.", "locator": "Opening fieldwork paragraph1966; paragraph beginning For every fathom; paragraph beginning To become a mahoni; paragraphs on recent inflation", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V26-KOVE-TAMBU", "claim_ids": [ "C1728" ], "source_ids": [ "S674" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1359", "C1471", "C1728" ], "source_ids": [ "S674" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-TLAXCALA-CACAO", "label": "Tlaxcala cacao account unit", "aliases": [ "Tlaxcala cacao account unit" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1360" ], "source_ids": [ "S677", "S678" ], "account_scope": "Tlaxcala regulated market reckoning in counted cacao beans", "research_qualifications": [ "Scope only the documented Tlaxcala market, not all cacao money across Maya or other Mesoamerican regions. Counted-bean prices support an account unit; quality grades remain within its profile." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1360-CUR-V26-TLAXCALA-CACAO-1545", "scope": "Price ruling gives multiple ordinary goods values in counted cacao beans; quality adjustments are within the account profile.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1545, "latest_year": 1545, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1545" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1360" ], "source_ids": [ "S677", "S678" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Price ruling gives multiple ordinary goods values in counted cacao beans; quality adjustments are within the account profile.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No final termination of this account unit has been established. Documented note withdrawal or absence of a modern path is insufficient.", "locator": "See source locators for dated observations, which are not complete lifespans.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S677", "S678" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-TLAXCALA-CACAO", "label": "Tlaxcala cacao account unit", "navigation_group": "Indigenous American account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No final termination of this account unit has been established. Documented note withdrawal or absence of a modern path is insufficient.", "locator": "See source locators for dated observations, which are not complete lifespans.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S677", "S678" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1360" ], "source_ids": [ "S677", "S678" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-CENTRAL-MEXICO-QUACHTLI", "label": "Central Mexican quachtli reckoning", "aliases": [ "Central Mexican quachtli reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1361", "C1362" ], "source_ids": [ "S679" ], "account_scope": "Nahua monetary cloth reckoning, anchored Tlatelolco 1558 with Cuernavaca/Florentine supporting observations", "research_qualifications": [ "Regional grouping remains qualified. Cloth grades are not separate currencies. Cacao and cloth are not merged merely because exchange equivalences exist." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1361-CUR-V26-CENTRAL-MEXICO-QUACHTLI-1558", "scope": "Tlatelolco land transaction states 20 quachtli consideration. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1558, "latest_year": 1558, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1558" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1361" ], "source_ids": [ "S679" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1362-CUR-V26-CENTRAL-MEXICO-QUACHTLI-1549", "scope": "Cuernavaca census calls cuachtli a means for purchasing things. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1540, "latest_year": 1549, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1540–1549" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1362" ], "source_ids": [ "S679" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Tlatelolco land transaction states 20 quachtli consideration. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Cuernavaca census calls cuachtli a means for purchasing things. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No final termination of this account unit has been established. Documented note withdrawal or absence of a modern path is insufficient.", "locator": "See source locators for dated observations, which are not complete lifespans.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S679" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-CENTRAL-MEXICO-QUACHTLI", "label": "Central Mexican quachtli reckoning", "navigation_group": "Indigenous American account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No final termination of this account unit has been established. Documented note withdrawal or absence of a modern path is insufficient.", "locator": "See source locators for dated observations, which are not complete lifespans.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S679" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1361", "C1362" ], "source_ids": [ "S679" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-NEWENGLAND-WAMPUM", "label": "Southern New England wampum reckoning", "aliases": [ "Southern New England wampum reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1363", "C1364" ], "source_ids": [ "S680", "S681" ], "account_scope": "Narragansett-area reckoning in wampum-fathoms and fractions; includes documented 1645 interpolity obligations", "research_qualifications": [ "Grouping Indigenous and inter-polity contexts is qualified. Ceremonial belts and generic beads are not extra currencies. White:black ratings remain contextual valuations." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1363-CUR-V26-NEWENGLAND-WAMPUM-1643", "scope": "Williams describes monetary payments and named counting scale in fathoms. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1643, "latest_year": 1643, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1643" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1363" ], "source_ids": [ "S680", "S681" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1364-CUR-V26-NEWENGLAND-WAMPUM-1645", "scope": "Treaty specifies 2000 white fathoms in four installments and annual per-capita obligations. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1645, "latest_year": 1645, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1645" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1364" ], "source_ids": [ "S680", "S681" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Williams describes monetary payments and named counting scale in fathoms. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Treaty specifies 2000 white fathoms in four installments and annual per-capita obligations. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No final termination of this account unit has been established. Documented note withdrawal or absence of a modern path is insufficient.", "locator": "See source locators for dated observations, which are not complete lifespans.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S680", "S681" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-NEWENGLAND-WAMPUM", "label": "Southern New England wampum reckoning", "navigation_group": "Indigenous American account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No final termination of this account unit has been established. Documented note withdrawal or absence of a modern path is insufficient.", "locator": "See source locators for dated observations, which are not complete lifespans.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S680", "S681" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1363", "C1364" ], "source_ids": [ "S680", "S681" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-PENNSYLVANIA-POUND", "label": "Pennsylvania pound of account", "aliases": [ "Pennsylvania pound of account" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1365", "C1366", "C1367" ], "source_ids": [ "S682" ], "account_scope": "Pennsylvania pounds, shillings and pence in rewards, contracts and bookkeeping, independent of payment medium.", "research_qualifications": [ "Do not create nodes for paper emissions or infer termination at 1723,1776 or1793. Founding and complete lifespan remain unresolved." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1365-CUR-V26-PENNSYLVANIA-POUND-1720", "scope": "Reproduced notices promise rewards in pounds and shillings before the first provincial paper issue.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1720, "latest_year": 1720, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1720" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1365" ], "source_ids": [ "S682" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1366-CUR-V26-PENNSYLVANIA-POUND-1773", "scope": "Original scholarship reports 1,687 contract transactions denominated in local pounds, shillings and pence.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1773, "latest_year": 1773, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1773" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1366" ], "source_ids": [ "S682" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1367-CUR-V26-PENNSYLVANIA-POUND-1794", "scope": "Two hundred servant contracts were registered in pounds; paper-money stock is a separate question.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1794, "latest_year": 1794, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1794" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1367" ], "source_ids": [ "S682" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Reproduced notices promise rewards in pounds and shillings before the first provincial paper issue.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Original scholarship reports 1,687 contract transactions denominated in local pounds, shillings and pence.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Two hundred servant contracts were registered in pounds; paper-money stock is a separate question.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No final termination of this account unit has been established. Documented note withdrawal or absence of a modern path is insufficient.", "locator": "See source locators for dated observations, which are not complete lifespans.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S682" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-PENNSYLVANIA-POUND", "label": "Pennsylvania pound of account", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No final termination of this account unit has been established. Documented note withdrawal or absence of a modern path is insufficient.", "locator": "See source locators for dated observations, which are not complete lifespans.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S682" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1365", "C1366", "C1367" ], "source_ids": [ "S682" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-VIRGINIA-POUND", "label": "Virginia pound of account", "aliases": [ "Virginia pound of account" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1368", "C1369" ], "source_ids": [ "S683" ], "account_scope": "Virginia local pound reckoning in merchant accounts and contracts, settled through several media.", "research_qualifications": [ "Tobacco, warehouse notes and treasury bills are not automatic currency nodes. Documented accounts predate the first paper issue." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1368-CUR-V26-VIRGINIA-POUND-1734", "scope": "The Prentis balance sheet records cash of 631 and receivables of 3,184 Virginia pounds.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1734, "latest_year": 1734, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1734" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1368" ], "source_ids": [ "S683" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1369-CUR-V26-VIRGINIA-POUND-1765", "scope": "The Jamieson/Campbell iron contract prices goods in Virginia currency while allowing payment in produce.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1765, "latest_year": 1765, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1765" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1369" ], "source_ids": [ "S683" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The Prentis balance sheet records cash of 631 and receivables of 3,184 Virginia pounds.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The Jamieson/Campbell iron contract prices goods in Virginia currency while allowing payment in produce.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No final termination of this account unit has been established. Documented note withdrawal or absence of a modern path is insufficient.", "locator": "See source locators for dated observations, which are not complete lifespans.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S683" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-VIRGINIA-POUND", "label": "Virginia pound of account", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No final termination of this account unit has been established. Documented note withdrawal or absence of a modern path is insufficient.", "locator": "See source locators for dated observations, which are not complete lifespans.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S683" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1368", "C1369" ], "source_ids": [ "S683" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-NEWJERSEY-POUND", "label": "New Jersey provincial pound of account", "aliases": [ "New Jersey provincial pound of account" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1370", "C1371", "C1372", "C1373" ], "source_ids": [ "S684", "S685" ], "account_scope": "New Jersey provincial fiscal and public-payment reckoning, including western-division current money; regional grouping remains qualified.", "research_qualifications": [ "Eastern/western conventions and provincial liabilities must be distinguished from Pennsylvania money. No extra node for statehood or note denominations." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1370-CUR-V26-NEWJERSEY-POUND-1709", "scope": "The dated provincial bill form promises value receivable by the treasurer in public payments. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1709, "latest_year": 1709, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1709" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1370" ], "source_ids": [ "S684", "S685" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1371-CUR-V26-NEWJERSEY-POUND-1752", "scope": "Research identifieslocal current salary reckoning distinguished from note par. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1752, "latest_year": 1752, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1752" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1371" ], "source_ids": [ "S684", "S685" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1372-CUR-V26-NEWJERSEY-POUND-1760", "scope": "Treasurers were instructed to receive taxes according to the western-division money rule. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1760, "latest_year": 1760, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1760" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1372" ], "source_ids": [ "S684", "S685" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1373-CUR-V26-NEWJERSEY-POUND-1777", "scope": "The law distinguishes local lawful money from sterling obligations. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1777, "latest_year": 1777, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1777" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1373" ], "source_ids": [ "S684", "S685" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The dated provincial bill form promises value receivable by the treasurer in public payments. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Research identifieslocal current salary reckoning distinguished from note par. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Treasurers were instructed to receive taxes according to the western-division money rule. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The law distinguishes local lawful money from sterling obligations. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No final termination of this account unit has been established. Documented note withdrawal or absence of a modern path is insufficient.", "locator": "See source locators for dated observations, which are not complete lifespans.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S684", "S685" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-NEWJERSEY-POUND", "label": "New Jersey provincial pound of account", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No final termination of this account unit has been established. Documented note withdrawal or absence of a modern path is insufficient.", "locator": "See source locators for dated observations, which are not complete lifespans.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S684", "S685" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1370", "C1371", "C1372", "C1373" ], "source_ids": [ "S684", "S685" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-OLD-ASSYRIAN-SILVER", "label": "Old Assyrian silver reckoning at Kanesh", "aliases": [ "Old Assyrian silver reckoning at Kanesh" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1374", "C1375" ], "source_ids": [ "S687", "S688", "S168" ], "account_scope": "Merchant-network silver debts and composite commercial accounts, early second millennium BCE. Mina,shekel and fractional grain expressions belong to one scoped accounting profile.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1374-CUR-V26-OLD-ASSYRIAN-SILVER--1850", "scope": "AO 8295 records a silver loan in mina, shekel and grain fractions, with a five-week repayment term and late interest reckoned per mina per month. This is a monetary obligation, not merely a weight inventory.", "date": { "earliest_year": -1920, "latest_year": -1850, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-1920–-1850" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1374" ], "source_ids": [ "S687" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1375-CUR-V26-OLD-ASSYRIAN-SILVER--1801", "scope": "The Kanesh caravan account aggregates investments and diverse expenses into a silver balance in minas and shekels; another loan specifies staged repayment of six minas.", "date": { "earliest_year": -2000, "latest_year": -1801, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-2000–-1801" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1375" ], "source_ids": [ "S688", "S168" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "AO 8295 records a silver loan in mina, shekel and grain fractions, with a five-week repayment term and late interest reckoned per mina per month. This is a monetary obligation, not merely a weight inventory.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The Kanesh caravan account aggregates investments and diverse expenses into a silver balance in minas and shekels; another loan specifies staged repayment of six minas.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No cessation or terminal conversion established by this bounded source pass. Latest inspected observation is not an ending date. Dated later accounts or conversion of outstanding silver obligations; archive destruction or merchant disappearance is insufficient.", "locator": "Research adjudication; absence of a current graph descendant does not establish extinction.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-OLD-ASSYRIAN-SILVER", "label": "Old Assyrian silver reckoning at Kanesh", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No cessation or terminal conversion established by this bounded source pass. Latest inspected observation is not an ending date. Dated later accounts or conversion of outstanding silver obligations; archive destruction or merchant disappearance is insufficient.", "locator": "Research adjudication; absence of a current graph descendant does not establish extinction.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1374", "C1375" ], "source_ids": [ "S687", "S688", "S168" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-OLD-BABYLONIAN-SILVER", "label": "Old Babylonian silver shekel reckoning", "aliases": [ "Old Babylonian silver shekel reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1376" ], "source_ids": [ "S510" ], "account_scope": "Silver-denominated obligations in the Hammurabi collection, ca.1750 BCE under the source’s middle chronology. Mina is a multiple within the unit system.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1376-CUR-V26-OLD-BABYLONIAN-SILVER--1750", "scope": "The Hammurabi legal collection fixes physician fees at 10,5,or 2 silver shekels for specified cases and sets divorce compensation in silver; these are value-denominated obligations. The ca.1750 BCE date follows Roth’s dating of the collection under the middle chronology, not its unit’s founding.", "date": { "earliest_year": -1750, "latest_year": -1750, "precision": "approximate_year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "c.1750 BCE, source middle chronology" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1376" ], "source_ids": [ "S510" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The Hammurabi legal collection fixes physician fees at 10,5,or 2 silver shekels for specified cases and sets divorce compensation in silver; these are value-denominated obligations. The ca.1750 BCE date follows Roth’s dating of the collection under the middle chronology, not its unit’s founding.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No cessation or terminal conversion established by this bounded source pass. Latest inspected observation is not an ending date. A local sequence into later Babylonian accounting or a reform/conversion rule. Dynastic collapse alone would not establish unit termination.", "locator": "Research adjudication; absence of a current graph descendant does not establish extinction.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-OLD-BABYLONIAN-SILVER", "label": "Old Babylonian silver shekel reckoning", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No cessation or terminal conversion established by this bounded source pass. Latest inspected observation is not an ending date. A local sequence into later Babylonian accounting or a reform/conversion rule. Dynastic collapse alone would not establish unit termination.", "locator": "Research adjudication; absence of a current graph descendant does not establish extinction.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1376" ], "source_ids": [ "S510" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-ATHENIAN-DRACHMA", "label": "Attic drachma accounting — Athenian, Alexandrine and Bactrian traditions", "aliases": [ "Classical Athenian drachma reckoning", "Attic drachma accounting — Athenian and Alexandrine traditions", "Attic drachma accounting — Athenian, Alexandrine and Bactrian traditions", "Bactrian drachma", "Ai Khanoum", "Aï Khanoum", "Amphipolis in Bactria", "Asangorna stater (identity unresolved)" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH36-C2019", "label": "Alexandrine marriage obligations", "date": { "earliest_year": -310, "latest_year": -310, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-310" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2019" ], "source_ids": [ "S1052" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH36-C2020", "label": "Seleucid land-sale accounts", "date": { "earliest_year": -254, "latest_year": -253, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-254–-253" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2020" ], "source_ids": [ "S1053", "S1051" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH36-C2021", "label": "Dura property obligations", "date": { "earliest_year": -195, "latest_year": -195, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-195", "qualification_note": "Editorial dating; the fragment references Seleucid years117 and123." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2021" ], "source_ids": [ "S1054" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH39-C2085", "label": "Bactrian drachma financial record", "date": { "earliest_year": -220, "latest_year": -170, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-220–-170", "qualification_note": "Palaeographic interval; king and era identification remain disputed." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2085" ], "source_ids": [ "S1093" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH39-C2086", "label": "Aï Khanoum treasury transfer", "date": { "earliest_year": -175, "latest_year": -125, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "Mid-second century BCE", "qualification_note": "Editorial175–125BCE range represents mid-century archaeological dating; not a dated era conversion." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2086" ], "source_ids": [ "S1094", "S1093" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V36-001", "R-V36-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1377", "C1378", "C2018", "C2019", "C2020", "C2021", "C2036", "C2037", "C2039", "C2085", "C2086", "C2087", "C2088", "C2089", "C2093" ], "source_ids": [ "S689", "S690", "S1051", "S1052", "S1053", "S1054", "S428", "S1055", "S1058", "S1059", "S1093", "S1094", "S1095", "S1067", "S1098" ], "account_scope": "Athenian and Attic debt/treasury accounting in drachmas, with talents and obols as multiples/fractions. Does not represent all Greek drachmas.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1377-CUR-V26-ATHENIAN-DRACHMA--425", "scope": "The Athenian treasury account records principal and interest in talents,drachmas and obol fractions. Detailed disbursements cover 426/5–423/2 BCE, with a retrospective summary for 433/2–427/6.", "date": { "earliest_year": -426, "latest_year": -425, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-426–-425" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1377" ], "source_ids": [ "S689" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1378-CUR-V26-ATHENIAN-DRACHMA--320", "scope": "An Attic property-security marker specifies a loan of 750 drachmas for Dionysos, corroborating drachma-denominated obligations beyond the fifth-century state treasury ledger.", "date": { "earliest_year": -340, "latest_year": -320, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-340–-320" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1378" ], "source_ids": [ "S690" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS36-C2019-CUR-V26-ATHENIAN-DRACHMA--310", "scope": "P.Eleph.1 values a dowry at 1,000 drachmas and specifies an additional1,000 Alexander silver drachmas as a penalty. Berlin dates the contract310 BCE; association with the retained Attic profile is regional.", "date": { "earliest_year": -310, "latest_year": -310, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-310" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2019" ], "source_ids": [ "S1052" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS36-C2020-CUR-V26-ATHENIAN-DRACHMA--253", "scope": "Antiochus II’s land sale requires thirty silver talents in instalments, entered in royal records. This254/253 BCE witness is associated with the wider Attic tradition, without creating a dynasty-only currency.", "date": { "earliest_year": -254, "latest_year": -253, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-254–-253" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2020" ], "source_ids": [ "S1053", "S1051" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS36-C2021-CUR-V26-ATHENIAN-DRACHMA--195", "scope": "P.Dura15 records a 120-silver-drachma property price and matching penalty. Its editorial195 BCE date and association with the wider Attic profile remain qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": -195, "latest_year": -195, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-195", "qualification_note": "Editorial dating; the fragment references Seleucid years117 and123." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2021" ], "source_ids": [ "S1054" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS39-C2085-CUR-V26-ATHENIAN-DRACHMA--170", "scope": "The Amphipolis parchment’s document1 line4 records100 drachmas of coined silver. Editors place it approximately 220–170 BCE; a loan-repayment interpretation remains tentative. Associate this Bactrian Greek account witness with the broad Attic/Alexandrine tradition provisionally, without creating a currency for each dynasty.", "date": { "earliest_year": -220, "latest_year": -170, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-220–-170", "qualification_note": "Palaeographic interval; king and era identification remain disputed." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2085" ], "source_ids": [ "S1093" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS39-C2086-CUR-V26-ATHENIAN-DRACHMA--125", "scope": "Treasury inscription4a records a transfer of 500 drachmas and the sealing of the container. The jar texts are archaeologically placed in the mid-second centuryBCE. These are surviving treasury labels, not a complete ledger; association with the broad Attic tradition remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": -175, "latest_year": -125, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "Mid-second century BCE", "qualification_note": "Editorial175–125BCE range represents mid-century archaeological dating; not a dated era conversion." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2086" ], "source_ids": [ "S1094", "S1093" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The Athenian treasury account records principal and interest in talents,drachmas and obol fractions. Detailed disbursements cover 426/5–423/2 BCE, with a retrospective summary for 433/2–427/6.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "An Attic property-security marker specifies a loan of 750 drachmas for Dionysos, corroborating drachma-denominated obligations beyond the fifth-century state treasury ledger.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Attic and Alexandrine scope", "text": "Extend the Athenian profile to the Attic accounting standard adopted and spread by Alexander. Regional Hellenistic witnesses are qualified associations, not a claim that every Greek-speaking territory shared one currency.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Alexandrine marriage obligations", "text": "P.Eleph.1 values a dowry at 1,000 drachmas and specifies an additional1,000 Alexander silver drachmas as a penalty. Berlin dates the contract310 BCE; association with the retained Attic profile is regional.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Seleucid land-sale accounts", "text": "Antiochus II’s land sale requires thirty silver talents in instalments, entered in royal records. This254/253 BCE witness is associated with the wider Attic tradition, without creating a dynasty-only currency.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Dura property obligations", "text": "P.Dura15 records a 120-silver-drachma property price and matching penalty. Its editorial195 BCE date and association with the wider Attic profile remain qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern name revival is not ancient continuity", "text": "The1833 Greek drachma replaced the phoenix and revived an ancient name. This is not an ancient-drachma-to-euro inheritance link.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified drachm ancestry", "text": "Egyptian silver accounting inherited the Attic drachma structure and developed a separate regional system with distinct internal and external valuations. Admit qualified ancestry, not a branch created solely by Ptolemaic rulers or reduced coin weights.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified drachm ancestry", "text": "Morony explicitly derives the Sasanian fiscal drahm from the Attic drachma spread east by Alexander and transmitted through Seleucids and Parthians. Admit compressed, qualified ancestry; intermediate identity boundaries and dates remain unresolved.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Bactrian drachma financial record", "text": "The Amphipolis parchment’s document1 line4 records100 drachmas of coined silver. Editors place it approximately 220–170 BCE; a loan-repayment interpretation remains tentative. Associate this Bactrian Greek account witness with the broad Attic/Alexandrine tradition provisionally, without creating a currency for each dynasty.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Aï Khanoum treasury transfer", "text": "Treasury inscription4a records a transfer of 500 drachmas and the sealing of the container. The jar texts are archaeologically placed in the mid-second centuryBCE. These are surviving treasury labels, not a complete ledger; association with the broad Attic tradition remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Asangorna stater account: identity unresolved", "text": "Infrared reading confirms20 staters in an early-second-centuryBCE tax receipt from Asangorna. The editors favor a unit of account rather than payment specifically in gold coins. Its ratio and identity relation to the Bactrian drachma remain unresolved; preserve this as contextual evidence without creating a separate stater currency or dated Attic observation.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Bactrian scope and identity limits", "text": "Bactrian drachma financial records are a qualified regional association within the retained Athenian/Alexandrine account tradition. Common royal authority does not merge the different monetary practices north and south of the Hindu Kush. Bactrian rulers receive no separate currency nodes merely for changing coin issues.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Indian money distinguished in the treasury", "text": "Aï Khanoum records drachmas, kasapana taxaena and kasapana nandena separately. Their equivalence is disputed, and identifying taxaena specifically with Taxila remains qualified. Later Deccan kārṣāpaṇa accounting could persist despite changing Indo-Greek coin supplies. No Greek-to-Indian account conversion is inferred.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Kushano-Sasanian association; earlier account ancestry open", "text": "Morris associates the gold dinars in these legal documents with Kushano-Sasanian issues. This provides regional monetary context, but does not itself establish the account transition from Bactrian drachmas, a Roman denarius parent, or continuity to a modern dinar. Hold those ancestry links.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No cessation or terminal conversion established by this bounded source pass. Latest inspected observation is not an ending date. Dated local conversion or continuation of Athenian account obligations under Hellenistic/Roman administration. Coin issues ending or a drachma/denarius exchange rate is insufficient.", "locator": "Research adjudication; absence of a current graph descendant does not establish extinction.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-ATHENIAN-DRACHMA", "label": "Attic drachma accounting — Athenian, Alexandrine and Bactrian traditions", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000092", "FTM000151", "FTM000153", "FTM000156", "FTM000159", "FTM000162", "FTM000178", "FTM000188", "FTM000190", "FTM000193", "FTM000194", "FTM000195", "FTM000200", "FTM000203", "FTM000219", "FTM000223", "FTM000225", "FTM000232", "FTM000263", "FTM000264", "FTM000266", "FTM000268", "FTM000271", "FTM000272", "FTM000273", "FTM000275", "FTM000283", "FTM000387", "T-FTM000464", "T-FTM000492", "T-FTM000497", "T-FTM000507", "T-FTM000509", "T-FTM000511", "T-FTM000513", "T-FTM000517", "T-FTM000521", "T-FTM000523", "T-FTM000528", "T-FTM000529", "T-FTM000642", "T-FTM000644", "T-FTM000645", "T-FTM000647" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No cessation or terminal conversion established by this bounded source pass. Latest inspected observation is not an ending date. Dated local conversion or continuation of Athenian account obligations under Hellenistic/Roman administration. Coin issues ending or a drachma/denarius exchange rate is insufficient.", "locator": "Research adjudication; absence of a current graph descendant does not establish extinction.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1377", "C1378", "C2018", "C2019", "C2020", "C2021", "C2036", "C2037", "C2039", "C2085", "C2086", "C2087", "C2088", "C2089", "C2093" ], "source_ids": [ "S689", "S690", "S1051", "S1052", "S1053", "S1054", "S428", "S1055", "S1058", "S1059", "S1093", "S1094", "S1095", "S1067", "S1098" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V36-001", "R-V36-003" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "summary": "Bactrian drachma financial records are a qualified regional association within the retained Athenian/Alexandrine account tradition. Common royal authority does not merge the different monetary practices north and south of the Hindu Kush. Bactrian rulers receive no separate currency nodes merely for changing coin issues." }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-RAMESSIDE-COPPER-DEBEN", "label": "Ramesside copper-deben value reckoning", "aliases": [ "Ramesside copper-deben value reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1379" ], "source_ids": [ "S691", "S692" ], "account_scope": "Deir el-Medina commodity valuation expressed in copper deben. Scope excludes Old/Middle Kingdom weight systems and later silver-deben accounts unless independently connected.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1379-CUR-V26-RAMESSIDE-COPPER-DEBEN--1001", "scope": "UC 39606 values goods supplied for a bull in copper rings/deben and states an aggregate value. Settlement in goods and valuation in a common account unit are distinct in this record. The dates 1300–1001 BCE are a broad editorial Ramesside envelope, not an exact date or lifespan; the text names year 4 without identifying the king in this edition. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": -1300, "latest_year": -1001, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-1300–-1001" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1379" ], "source_ids": [ "S691", "S692" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "date_is_research_envelope": true } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "UC 39606 values goods supplied for a bull in copper rings/deben and states an aggregate value. Settlement in goods and valuation in a common account unit are distinct in this record. The dates 1300–1001 BCE are a broad editorial Ramesside envelope, not an exact date or lifespan; the text names year 4 without identifying the king in this edition. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No cessation or terminal conversion established by this bounded source pass. Latest inspected observation is not an ending date. Dated later local accounts showing persistence, redefinition or disappearance of copper-deben valuation; never use New Kingdom political end as automatic currency termination.", "locator": "Research adjudication; absence of a current graph descendant does not establish extinction.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-RAMESSIDE-COPPER-DEBEN", "label": "Ramesside copper-deben value reckoning", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No cessation or terminal conversion established by this bounded source pass. Latest inspected observation is not an ending date. Dated later local accounts showing persistence, redefinition or disappearance of copper-deben valuation; never use New Kingdom political end as automatic currency termination.", "locator": "Research adjudication; absence of a current graph descendant does not establish extinction.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1379" ], "source_ids": [ "S691", "S692" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA", "label": "Roman solidus–nomisma accounting — imperial and regional evidence", "aliases": [ "Late antique Egyptian solidus–nomisma reckoning", "East Roman solidus–nomisma accounting — Egyptian and Palestinian evidence", "Roman solidus–nomisma accounting — imperial and regional evidence", "Gold siliqua", "Keration", "Aureus reform" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH34-C1977", "label": "imperial375", "date": { "earliest_year": 375, "latest_year": 375, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "375" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1977" ], "source_ids": [ "S1030" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH34-C1978", "label": "western397", "date": { "earliest_year": 397, "latest_year": 397, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "397" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1978" ], "source_ids": [ "S1030" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH34-C1979", "label": "western410", "date": { "earliest_year": 410, "latest_year": 410, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "410" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1979" ], "source_ids": [ "S1030" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V34-001", "R-V34-002", "R-V39-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1380", "C1381", "C1838", "C1839", "C1840", "C1841", "C1842", "C1843", "C1846", "C1852", "C1974", "C1977", "C1978", "C1979", "C1980", "C1987", "C1988", "C2082", "C2083", "C2084", "C2096" ], "source_ids": [ "S694", "S693", "S957", "S960", "S958", "S959", "S640", "S968", "S641", "S1030", "S1031", "S951", "S1033", "S483", "S1091", "S1089", "S1090" ], "account_scope": "Gold obligations and valuation in Byzantine Egypt, with keratia/carats as account fractions and local standards recorded. Anchors481 and613 do not bound its actual lifespan.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1380-CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA-481", "scope": "BGU III 726 dates a loan to 19 October 481. Its principal is one gold solidus less four keratia; repayment is flax of the equivalent value at repayment, with wheat interest. This demonstrates an account valuation beyond simply counting an unchanged coin.", "date": { "earliest_year": 481, "latest_year": 481, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "481" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1380" ], "source_ids": [ "S694" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1381-CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA-613", "scope": "P.Lond.V 1737 records a debt of 3⅓ gold nomismata/solidi by the local Syene standard, with interest stated in gold carats per solidus. It is dated 9 February 613.", "date": { "earliest_year": 613, "latest_year": 613, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "613" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1381" ], "source_ids": [ "S693" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1838-CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA-642", "scope": "On 26December642 the amīr Abd Allah orders fodder for military personnel valued at three nomismata. The unit measures an obligation in goods under the new administration.", "date": { "earliest_year": 642, "latest_year": 642, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "642" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1838" ], "source_ids": [ "S957" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1839-CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA-643", "scope": "On 29November643 a requisition to the fiscal administrator of Herakleopolis values fodder at fourteen nomismata; its endorsement repeats that value.", "date": { "earliest_year": 643, "latest_year": 643, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "643" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1839" ], "source_ids": [ "S957" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1840-CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA-677", "scope": "An Egyptian debt register dated AH57 specifies dinars of the believers for repayment. The debt evidence is real; association with the broader local gold-account profile is qualified because the required issue’s interpretation remains debated. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 676, "latest_year": 677, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "676–677" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1840" ], "source_ids": [ "S960" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1841-CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA-605", "scope": "P.Ness.46, 16July605, acknowledges nine imperial solidi less nine carats on the Gaza standard, with an express repayment obligation. This Palestinian observation is only a qualified regional association with the existing Egyptian solidus/nomisma profile. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 605, "latest_year": 605, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "605" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1841" ], "source_ids": [ "S958" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1842-CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA-687", "scope": "The bilingual release P.Ness.56, 18January687, describes one fifty-unit obligation as dinars in Arabic and solidi in Greek: thirty were repaid and twenty remitted. Their equivalence within this account is explicit; wider regional grouping remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 687, "latest_year": 687, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "687" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1842" ], "source_ids": [ "S958", "S959" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1843-CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA-682", "scope": "P.Ness.55 combines a tax receipt and a private acknowledgement of debt for the same 4⅓ nomismata. Its proposed 11 April 682 dating carries a question mark; the Palestinian association is also qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 682, "latest_year": 682, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "682" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1843" ], "source_ids": [ "S959" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1846-CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA-400", "scope": "PSI IX 1074 orders payment of 4½⅓ solidi. Its corrected date is 15 October 400 CE; the fractional amount supplies account-unit evidence.", "date": { "earliest_year": 400, "latest_year": 400, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "400" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1846" ], "source_ids": [ "S640", "S968" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS34-C1977-CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA-375", "scope": "CTh 7.13.7.2, issued at Antioch on 2 June 375, assesses a recruit obligation at 36 solidi, including six for clothing and expenses. This is an Eastern imperial account observation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 375, "latest_year": 375, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "375" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1977" ], "source_ids": [ "S1030" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS34-C1978-CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA-397", "scope": "CTh 7.13.13, Padua, 24 September 397, allows senators to discharge recruitment obligations by paying 25 solidi per recruit to the treasury. This is a Western imperial account observation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 397, "latest_year": 397, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "397" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1978" ], "source_ids": [ "S1030" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS34-C1979-CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA-410", "scope": "CTh 7.13.20, Ravenna, 8 February 410, assesses recruits from African and island administrations at 30 solidi. Different recruitment assessments do not imply different account units.", "date": { "earliest_year": 410, "latest_year": 410, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "410" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1979" ], "source_ids": [ "S1030" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "BGU III 726 dates a loan to 19 October 481. Its principal is one gold solidus less four keratia; repayment is flax of the equivalent value at repayment, with wheat interest. This demonstrates an account valuation beyond simply counting an unchanged coin.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "P.Lond.V 1737 records a debt of 3⅓ gold nomismata/solidi by the local Syene standard, with interest stated in gold carats per solidus. It is dated 9 February 613.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "On 26December642 the amīr Abd Allah orders fodder for military personnel valued at three nomismata. The unit measures an obligation in goods under the new administration.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "On 29November643 a requisition to the fiscal administrator of Herakleopolis values fodder at fourteen nomismata; its endorsement repeats that value.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "An Egyptian debt register dated AH57 specifies dinars of the believers for repayment. The debt evidence is real; association with the broader local gold-account profile is qualified because the required issue’s interpretation remains debated. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "P.Ness.46, 16July605, acknowledges nine imperial solidi less nine carats on the Gaza standard, with an express repayment obligation. This Palestinian observation is only a qualified regional association with the existing Egyptian solidus/nomisma profile. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The bilingual release P.Ness.56, 18January687, describes one fifty-unit obligation as dinars in Arabic and solidi in Greek: thirty were repaid and twenty remitted. Their equivalence within this account is explicit; wider regional grouping remains qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "P.Ness.55 combines a tax receipt and a private acknowledgement of debt for the same 4⅓ nomismata. Its proposed 11 April 682 dating carries a question mark; the Palestinian association is also qualified. Association with the later continuous currency identity remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "PSI IX 1074 orders payment of 4½⅓ solidi. Its corrected date is 15 October 400 CE; the fractional amount supplies account-unit evidence.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Continue the Egyptian profile across the Arab conquest: inherited nomisma valuation remains in dated fiscal orders. Attach the Palestinian bilingual and loan evidence as explicitly qualified regional associations, without inventing a new unit solely from political rule or language.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Gold accounting expands; older reckoning persists", "text": "Bagnall and Bransbourg find gold dominant in larger Egyptian transactions after the mid-fourth century, while payments reckoned in drachmas, talents and denarii continue. Their evidence supports coexistence and changing use, not a single universal denarius-to-solidus conversion. No succession or step-parent edge is added in this pass.", "report_url": "/revision-33/index.html" }, { "title": "imperial375", "text": "CTh 7.13.7.2, issued at Antioch on 2 June 375, assesses a recruit obligation at 36 solidi, including six for clothing and expenses. This is an Eastern imperial account observation.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "western397", "text": "CTh 7.13.13, Padua, 24 September 397, allows senators to discharge recruitment obligations by paying 25 solidi per recruit to the treasury. This is a Western imperial account observation.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "western410", "text": "CTh 7.13.20, Ravenna, 8 February 410, assesses recruits from African and island administrations at 30 solidi. Different recruitment assessments do not imply different account units.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "solidus_scope", "text": "Broaden the retained solidus–nomisma profile to imperial and regional accounting. Western and Eastern imperial obligations support a shared account tradition. Local Egyptian, Palestinian and early Arabic identity associations retain their existing qualifications; this does not assert identical local metal standards.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "roman_frankish", "text": "Frankish reckoning continues the late-Roman solidus account tradition: solidus reckoning survived the change from gold tremisses to silver deniers. Admit regional ancestry; the exact differentiation date and intermediate local stages remain unresolved.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "roman_visigothic", "text": "Visigothic law and finance retained Roman solidus accounting after local solidus coin production ceased. Admit a regional continuation, with its differentiation chronology unresolved.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "Gold fraction and silver coin label differ", "text": "A gold siliqua or keration is one twenty-fourth of a solidus. Rovelli rejects the assumption that the late Roman silver coins conventionally called siliquae necessarily carried that nominal value. Their modern name cannot establish a permanent peg or a denarius→antoninianus→argenteus→siliqua account genealogy.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Parallel units with changing exchange values", "text": "Bagnall’s fourth-century Egyptian evidence treats solidi and silver bullion as independently valued in denarii after324. Gold could itself denominate prices without an automatic denarius equivalence. Retain two overlapping account profiles; no fixed adopted-basis relationship is established.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified Roman gold-account branch", "text": "Admit a qualified gold-account branch through Roman monetary reforms: the aureus was a denomination of denarius/sestertius reckoning; gold valuation separated, and the solidus replaced the aureus and became an independent accounting basis. This is our synthesis of documented monetary transformation, not a quoted genealogical conclusion. The274–375 research envelope compresses reform and account emergence, not a founding date, fixed conversion or end of denarius reckoning.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Roman models and the account continuity test", "text": "Kurt identifies Roman gold coinage as the Visigothic starting point and describes close early imitation. He discusses prestige alongside fiscal and other uses. The admitted Roman-to-Visigothic account ancestry rests additionally on continued solidus reckoning; visual imitation is corroboration, and a universal legitimacy motive is not assumed.", "report_url": "/revision-41/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No cessation or terminal conversion established by this bounded source pass. Latest inspected observation is not an ending date. Local seventh-century accounts and reform evidence establishing relation to dinar accounting; separately, continuity into later Byzantine nomisma/hyperpyron. Neither conquest nor a surviving solidus coin proves conversion.", "locator": "Research adjudication; absence of a current graph descendant does not establish extinction.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-EGYPT-SOLIDUS-NOMISMA", "label": "Roman solidus–nomisma accounting — imperial and regional evidence", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000092", "FTM000151", "FTM000153", "FTM000156", "FTM000159", "FTM000162", "FTM000178", "FTM000188", "FTM000190", "FTM000193", "FTM000194", "FTM000195", "FTM000200", "FTM000203", "FTM000219", "FTM000223", "FTM000225", "FTM000232", "FTM000263", "FTM000264", "FTM000266", "FTM000268", "FTM000271", "FTM000272", "FTM000273", "FTM000275", "FTM000283", "FTM000387", "T-FTM000464", "T-FTM000492", "T-FTM000497", "T-FTM000507", "T-FTM000509", "T-FTM000511", "T-FTM000513", "T-FTM000517", "T-FTM000521", "T-FTM000523", "T-FTM000528", "T-FTM000529", "T-FTM000642", "T-FTM000644", "T-FTM000645", "T-FTM000647" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No cessation or terminal conversion established by this bounded source pass. Latest inspected observation is not an ending date. Local seventh-century accounts and reform evidence establishing relation to dinar accounting; separately, continuity into later Byzantine nomisma/hyperpyron. Neither conquest nor a surviving solidus coin proves conversion.", "locator": "Research adjudication; absence of a current graph descendant does not establish extinction.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1380", "C1381", "C1838", "C1839", "C1840", "C1841", "C1842", "C1843", "C1846", "C1852", "C1974", "C1977", "C1978", "C1979", "C1980", "C1987", "C1988", "C2082", "C2083", "C2084", "C2096" ], "source_ids": [ "S694", "S693", "S957", "S960", "S958", "S959", "S640", "S968", "S641", "S1030", "S1031", "S951", "S1033", "S483", "S1091", "S1089", "S1090" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V34-001", "R-V34-002" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "summary": "Broaden the retained solidus–nomisma profile to imperial and regional accounting. Western and Eastern imperial obligations support a shared account tradition. Local Egyptian, Palestinian and early Arabic identity associations retain their existing qualifications; this does not assert identical local metal standards." }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-JPN-GINME", "label": "Japanese silver monme / ginme accounting", "aliases": [ "Japanese silver monme / ginme accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-001", "R-V26-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1382", "C1383", "C1419", "C1420", "C1432", "C2015" ], "source_ids": [ "S695", "S696", "S1047" ], "account_scope": "Silver-based kan–monme–fun reckoning in Japanese commerce, especially Osaka and Kyoto; distinct from ryo gold and mon cash accounts. Not a silver-coin series.", "research_qualifications": [ "Do not turn kan or fun into nodes. Regionally distinct senme/copper-based monme accounts require separate evidence." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1382-CUR-V26-JPN-GINME-1699", "scope": "Early-modern Japanese monetary accounting comprised independent gold, silver and cash units. Silver accounts reckoned 1000 monme perkan and 10 fun permonme.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1600, "latest_year": 1699, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1600–1699" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1382" ], "source_ids": [ "S695" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1383-CUR-V26-JPN-GINME-1868", "scope": "Osaka merchants continued pricing goods and making loans in monme/ginme even after monme silver coins largely disappeared from circulation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1750, "latest_year": 1868, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1750–1868" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1383" ], "source_ids": [ "S696" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Early-modern Japanese monetary accounting comprised independent gold, silver and cash units. Silver accounts reckoned 1000 monme perkan and 10 fun permonme.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Osaka merchants continued pricing goods and making loans in monme/ginme even after monme silver coins largely disappeared from circulation.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Japanese account boundaries", "text": "The museum distinguishes Chinese coin models, medieval one-coin/one-mon reckoning, and independent Edo gold, silver and copper values. This does not by itself establish Tang-account to Japanese-mon ancestry or merge mon, ryō and silver monme.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1868, "assertion": "Account-unit abolition: Administrative Proclamation 381 prohibited silver-denominated loans and required conversion into gold or cash reckoning at the transaction-day rate. Later 1868 order specified gold-denominated government notes.", "locator": "PDF43,section2-2ロ; note159 cites法令全書明治元年p158", "successor_ids": [ "T-FTM000410", "T-FTM000412" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S695" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1432" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-JPN-GINME", "label": "Japanese silver monme / ginme accounting", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000121", "FTM000122", "T-FTM000117", "T-FTM000462" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1868, "assertion": "Account-unit abolition: Administrative Proclamation 381 prohibited silver-denominated loans and required conversion into gold or cash reckoning at the transaction-day rate. Later 1868 order specified gold-denominated government notes.", "locator": "PDF43,section2-2ロ; note159 cites法令全書明治元年p158", "successor_ids": [ "T-FTM000410", "T-FTM000412" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S695" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1432" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1382", "C1383", "C1419", "C1420", "C1432", "C2015" ], "source_ids": [ "S695", "S696", "S1047" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-001", "R-V26-002" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-SHANGHAI-TAEL", "label": "Shanghai tael", "aliases": [ "Shanghai tael" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH35-C2007", "label": "Shanghai abstract account standard", "date": { "earliest_year": 1857, "latest_year": 1857, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1857" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2007" ], "source_ids": [ "S1044" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1384", "C1421", "C1433", "C1569", "C2007" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S697", "S1044" ], "account_scope": "Local Shanghai commercial/contractual silver account unit, not all Chinese taels and not a sycee ingot type.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1384-CUR-V26-SHANGHAI-TAEL-1933", "scope": "Shanghai business used its local tael as a monetary unit; existing obligations were expressed in taels and required a yuan conversion rule.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1384" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS35-C2007-CUR-V26-SHANGHAI-TAEL-1857", "scope": "Chinese and Western merchants adopted Shanghai’s abstract tael money of account in 1857. This reported adoption is not a universal origin date for all Shanghai silver references.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1857, "latest_year": 1857, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1857" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2007" ], "source_ids": [ "S1044" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Shanghai business used its local tael as a monetary unit; existing obligations were expressed in taels and required a yuan conversion rule.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Local contracts and payments denominated in Shanghai taels required account conversion into yuan; independent account denomination rather than weight standard alone.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Local contracts and payments denominated in Shanghai taels required account conversion into yuan; independent account denomination rather than weight standard alone.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Shanghai abstract account standard", "text": "Chinese and Western merchants adopted Shanghai’s abstract tael money of account in 1857. This reported adoption is not a universal origin date for all Shanghai silver references.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1933, "assertion": "Shanghai banks, exchanges and businesses discontinued tael valuation in favour of yuan following the central order.", "locator": "printed39; BOCApril5announcement", "successor_ids": [ "T-FTM000456" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S541", "S697" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1433" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-SHANGHAI-TAEL", "label": "Shanghai tael", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000350", "T-FTM000459" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1933, "assertion": "Shanghai banks, exchanges and businesses discontinued tael valuation in favour of yuan following the central order.", "locator": "printed39; BOCApril5announcement", "successor_ids": [ "T-FTM000456" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S541", "S697" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1433" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1384", "C1421", "C1433", "C1569", "C2007" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S697", "S1044" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-003" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-HAIKWAN-TAEL", "label": "Haikwan customs tael", "aliases": [ "Haikwan customs tael" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH35-C2008", "label": "Contemporary customs accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1880, "latest_year": 1880, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1880" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2008" ], "source_ids": [ "S1046" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-007" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1385", "C1434", "C1477", "C1568", "C1665", "C1730", "C2008" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S745", "S1046" ], "account_scope": "Chinese Maritime Customs fiscal collection and statistical account unit; qualifies despite not being circulating money.", "research_qualifications": [ "Do not merge with Shanghai tael or ordinary weight taels. Successor allocation between yuan and customs gold accounting needs actual customs orders." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1385-CUR-V26-HAIKWAN-TAEL-1933", "scope": "The haikwan tael was used by Maritime Customs for export-duty collection and import/export statistical valuation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1385" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1477-CUR-V26-HAIKWAN-TAEL-1933", "scope": "Contemporary survey reports customs announcement10March1933discontinued use of Haikwan tael, beyond the earlier1930import-duty shift.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1477" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS35-C2008-CUR-V26-HAIKWAN-TAEL-1880", "scope": "Seward’s 29 April 1880 memorandum describes actual customs collections using Haikwan taels and tabulates their local relation to Kuping taels. Officials did not explain the Haikwan standard’s origin.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1880, "latest_year": 1880, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1880" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2008" ], "source_ids": [ "S1046" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The haikwan tael was used by Maritime Customs for export-duty collection and import/export statistical valuation.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Contemporary survey reports customs announcement10March1933discontinued use of Haikwan tael, beyond the earlier1930import-duty shift.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Customs assessments and trade valuations independently denominated in Haikwan taels. A unit need not have a circulating coin or general retail use.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Customs assessments and trade valuations independently denominated in Haikwan taels. A unit need not have a circulating coin or general retail use.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Contemporary customs accounting", "text": "Seward’s 29 April 1880 memorandum describes actual customs collections using Haikwan taels and tabulates their local relation to Kuping taels. Officials did not explain the Haikwan standard’s origin.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "id": "CUR-V26-HAIKWAN-TAEL", "decision": "ending_documented", "assertion": "Customs account use discontinued per10March1933announcement, contemporary report.1930import-duty successorCGUadded; remaining export-account successor not imposed without exact conversion decree.", "family_fate": "not_established", "ending_years": 1933, "status": "ending_documented", "locator": "Claim-specific contemporary account passage identified in regional review.", "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1730" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S745" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-HAIKWAN-TAEL", "label": "Haikwan customs tael", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "id": "CUR-V26-HAIKWAN-TAEL", "decision": "ending_documented", "assertion": "Customs account use discontinued per10March1933announcement, contemporary report.1930import-duty successorCGUadded; remaining export-account successor not imposed without exact conversion decree.", "family_fate": "not_established", "ending_years": 1933, "status": "ending_documented", "locator": "Claim-specific contemporary account passage identified in regional review.", "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1730" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S745" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1385", "C1434", "C1477", "C1568", "C1665", "C1730", "C2008" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S745", "S1046" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-007" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-CUSTOMS-GOLD-UNIT", "label": "Chinese customs gold unit", "aliases": [ "Chinese customs gold unit" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-007" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1386", "C1514", "C1567", "C1665" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S846", "S745" ], "account_scope": "Separate customs bookkeeping unit introduced1930; circulating CGU notes are instruments, not the identity.", "research_qualifications": [ "Narrow fiscal account identity admitted. No ancestry from gold bullion, no assumption CGU creation extinguished haikwan everywhere; export-duty haikwan survived to1933. Need1948conversion/termination order separately." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1386-CUR-V26-CUSTOMS-GOLD-UNIT-1930", "scope": "A customs gold unit was created; contemporary report explicitly describes it as a bookkeeping unit rather than general currency.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1930, "latest_year": 1930, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1930" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1386" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1514-CUR-V26-CUSTOMS-GOLD-UNIT-1948", "scope": "CGU notes were redeemed at150000per goldyuan in1948. This documents instrument redemption into the existing ROC yuan identity; it does not by itself date the ending of the distinct customs assessment account.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1948, "latest_year": 1948, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1948" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1514" ], "source_ids": [ "S846" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "A customs gold unit was created; contemporary report explicitly describes it as a bookkeeping unit rather than general currency.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "CGU notes were redeemed at150000per goldyuan in1948. This documents instrument redemption into the existing ROC yuan identity; it does not by itself date the ending of the distinct customs assessment account.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Fiscal bookkeeping denomination is sufficient under account-unit ontology even where contemporary author contrasts it with circulating currency. Notes are incidental; do not describe gold content or note issue as identity basis.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Fiscal bookkeeping denomination is sufficient under account-unit ontology even where contemporary author contrasts it with circulating currency. Notes are incidental; do not describe gold content or note issue as identity basis.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No account-unit endpoint established in inspected evidence.", "locator": "", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-CUSTOMS-GOLD-UNIT", "label": "Chinese customs gold unit", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No account-unit endpoint established in inspected evidence.", "locator": "", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1386", "C1514", "C1567", "C1665" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S846", "S745" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-HYDERABAD-RUPEE", "label": "Hyderabad Osmania / Hali sicca rupee", "aliases": [ "Hyderabad Osmania / Hali sicca rupee" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-004" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1387", "C1388", "C1389", "C1422", "C1764", "C1765" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S699", "S914" ], "account_scope": "Regional Hyderabad rupee system, distinct in law, contracts and reserve accounts from British/Indian rupees; group note and coin changes within identity pending older local review.", "research_qualifications": [ "1855coin establishment reported by Bratter is not used as unit founding date. Earlier Halli silver coins and later Hali spelling not split without unit evidence; older full continuity remains qualified." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1387-CUR-V26-HYDERABAD-RUPEE-1912", "scope": "Contemporary report describes the Hyderabad Currency Act as granting Osmania rupees full legal tender, while British rupees could be used by contractual agreement.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1912, "latest_year": 1912, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1912" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1387" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1388-CUR-V26-HYDERABAD-RUPEE-1930", "scope": "The paper-currency reserve separately accounts for 52,660,142 Osmania rupees versus British rupee notes and coin.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1930, "latest_year": 1930, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1930" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1388" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1389-CUR-V26-HYDERABAD-RUPEE-1955", "scope": "RBI records Hyderabad Hali Sicca legal-tender cessation and replacement by Indianrupees on 1 April 1955. This is a legal-tender/absorption event; exact final account-unit extinction remains unresolved.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1955, "latest_year": 1955, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1955" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1389" ], "source_ids": [ "S699" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1764-CUR-V26-HYDERABAD-RUPEE-1890", "scope": "The1909 Gazetteer's TableIII reports decade-average commodity prices explicitly per Hyderabad rupee. Its retrospective survey provides local price-unit evidence for1881–1890, without fixing the unit's origin or proving every intervening accounting stage.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1881, "latest_year": 1890, "precision": "retrospective_decade_average", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1881–1890" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1764" ], "source_ids": [ "S914" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1765-CUR-V26-HYDERABAD-RUPEE-1901", "scope": "The same table separately reports1901 grain prices in Hyderabad rupees and distinguishes that unit from British rupees in its note.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1901, "latest_year": 1901, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1901" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1765" ], "source_ids": [ "S914" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Contemporary report describes the Hyderabad Currency Act as granting Osmania rupees full legal tender, while British rupees could be used by contractual agreement.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The paper-currency reserve separately accounts for 52,660,142 Osmania rupees versus British rupee notes and coin.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "RBI records Hyderabad Hali Sicca legal-tender cessation and replacement by Indianrupees on 1 April 1955. This is a legal-tender/absorption event; exact final account-unit extinction remains unresolved.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The1909 Gazetteer's TableIII reports decade-average commodity prices explicitly per Hyderabad rupee. Its retrospective survey provides local price-unit evidence for1881–1890, without fixing the unit's origin or proving every intervening accounting stage.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The same table separately reports1901 grain prices in Hyderabad rupees and distinguishes that unit from British rupees in its note.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Legal-tender cessation and replacement are documented 1955, but final account-unit endpoint is not established; residual obligations/redemption may continue.", "locator": "", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000285" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-HYDERABAD-RUPEE", "label": "Hyderabad Osmania / Hali sicca rupee", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000234", "FTM000235", "FTM000236", "FTM000237", "FTM000238", "FTM000240", "FTM000242", "FTM000243", "FTM000244", "FTM000285", "FTM000286", "FTM000287", "FTM000288", "FTM000290", "FTM000291", "FTM000292", "FTM000293", "FTM000294", "FTM000300", "FTM000302", "FTM000303", "FTM000320" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Legal-tender cessation and replacement are documented 1955, but final account-unit endpoint is not established; residual obligations/redemption may continue.", "locator": "", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000285" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1387", "C1388", "C1389", "C1422", "C1764", "C1765" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S699", "S914" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-004" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-TRAVANCORE-SIRKAR", "label": "Travancore Sirkar rupee", "aliases": [ "Travancore Sirkar rupee" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1390", "C1391", "C1515" ], "source_ids": [ "S698", "S541", "S847" ], "account_scope": "Local Travancore government-account rupee with fanam/cash subdivisions, distinct from circulating Britishrupee; fullrupee coin unnecessary.", "research_qualifications": [ "Link1861to1933within one regional profile is qualified pending1913proclamation review.1913reported establishment cannot mean firstexistence, since1861accounts predateit. No separate fanam node merely from denomination. Termination and INRreplacement require further evidence." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1390-CUR-V26-TRAVANCORE-SIRKAR-1861", "scope": "Sirkar accounts were kept in rupees, fanams and cash; Travancore fanam was then nominal. Grouping the earlier and later local account observations is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1861, "latest_year": 1861, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1861" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1390" ], "source_ids": [ "S698" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1391-CUR-V26-TRAVANCORE-SIRKAR-1933", "scope": "Sirkarrupee described as monetary unit with quarter/seventh subdivisions despite never having been minted as a fullrupee. Grouping the earlier and later local account observations is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1391" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1515-CUR-V26-TRAVANCORE-SIRKAR-1950", "scope": "Travancore coins ceased legal tender inApril1950. The inspected source does not establish the account-unit conversion or its exact rate.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1950, "latest_year": 1950, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1950" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1515" ], "source_ids": [ "S847" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Sirkar accounts were kept in rupees, fanams and cash; Travancore fanam was then nominal. Grouping the earlier and later local account observations is qualified.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Sirkarrupee described as monetary unit with quarter/seventh subdivisions despite never having been minted as a fullrupee. Grouping the earlier and later local account observations is qualified.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Travancore coins ceased legal tender inApril1950. The inspected source does not establish the account-unit conversion or its exact rate.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No account-unit endpoint established in inspected evidence.", "locator": "", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-TRAVANCORE-SIRKAR", "label": "Travancore Sirkar rupee", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No account-unit endpoint established in inspected evidence.", "locator": "", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1390", "C1391", "C1515" ], "source_ids": [ "S698", "S541", "S847" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-MANCHUKUO-YUAN", "label": "Manchukuo yuan", "aliases": [ "Manchukuo yuan" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-025", "R-V27-042" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1392", "C1683", "C1700" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S842", "S867", "S868" ], "account_scope": "Separate regional yuan stipulated in1932currency law; concurrent with ROCyuan and old regional monies, not merely an issuer/name switch.", "research_qualifications": [ "Do not infer a single parent from unspecified oldnotes. Do not automatically use1945regimefall as terminationdate. Silverweight is associated standard evidence only; account identity follows law and exchange differentiation." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1392-CUR-V26-MANCHUKUO-YUAN-1932", "scope": "Currency law defined the regional yuan and decimal subdivisions; the central bank began replacing previously circulating local notes, while separate Chinese exchange and silver-yen markets remained.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1932, "latest_year": 1932, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1932" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1392" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Currency law defined the regional yuan and decimal subdivisions; the central bank began replacing previously circulating local notes, while separate Chinese exchange and silver-yen markets remained.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No account-unit endpoint established in inspected evidence.", "locator": "", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-MANCHUKUO-YUAN", "label": "Manchukuo yuan", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000459" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No account-unit endpoint established in inspected evidence.", "locator": "", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1392", "C1683", "C1700" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S842", "S867", "S868" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-025" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-TIBET-TANGKA", "label": "Tibetan tangka accounting", "aliases": [ "Tibetan tangka accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1393", "C1513" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S845" ], "account_scope": "Tibetan local currency unit attested by contemporaryreport; no separate coinvariety identities. Srang grouping remains unresolved.", "research_qualifications": [ "Admit tangka component only; do not resolve entire combinedqueue label. No srangparent, Nepali-origin edge or1959termination admitted. Report appears weak on coin metrology; do not import numerical silvercontent. Stronger actual Tibetanaccounts needed to promote beyondqualified." ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1393-CUR-V26-TIBET-TANGKA-1933", "scope": "Contemporary monetary survey calls the tangka the official monetary unit and reports Britishrupees circulating at 3 tangkas, with several local tangka coinforms. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1933, "latest_year": 1933, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1933" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1393" ], "source_ids": [ "S541" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1513-CUR-V26-TIBET-TANGKA-1962", "scope": "Later Tibetan currency was displaced by RMB: Lhasa enterprise pricing and wages switched inJuly1959; paper currency was redeemed at50srang/liang per RMB yuan fromAugust. Silver tangka instruments were purchased by metal value. Grouping this later srang accounting with the1933 tangka profile remains unadjudicated.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1959, "latest_year": 1962, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1959–1962" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1513" ], "source_ids": [ "S845" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Contemporary monetary survey calls the tangka the official monetary unit and reports Britishrupees circulating at 3 tangkas, with several local tangka coinforms. Assignment to this scoped currency profile is qualified.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Later Tibetan currency was displaced by RMB: Lhasa enterprise pricing and wages switched inJuly1959; paper currency was redeemed at50srang/liang per RMB yuan fromAugust. Silver tangka instruments were purchased by metal value. Grouping this later srang accounting with the1933 tangka profile remains unadjudicated.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No account-unit endpoint established in inspected evidence.", "locator": "", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-TIBET-TANGKA", "label": "Tibetan tangka accounting", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No account-unit endpoint established in inspected evidence.", "locator": "", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1393", "C1513" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S845" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-AMSTERDAM", "label": "Amsterdam bank florin / bank guilder", "aliases": [ "Amsterdam bank florin / bank guilder" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-006" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1394", "C1395", "C1424", "C1565" ], "source_ids": [ "S700", "S701", "S704" ], "account_scope": "See dated account observations.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1394-CUR-V26-AMSTERDAM-1659", "scope": "Banco florins measured bill settlements; current florins measured cashier accounts and spot transactions. Their distinction received official recognition in 1659.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1641, "latest_year": 1659, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1641–1659" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1394" ], "source_ids": [ "S700" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Banco florins measured bill settlements; current florins measured cashier accounts and spot transactions. Their distinction received official recognition in 1659.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The bank florin collapsed internationally in 1795; the issuing bank was liquidated in 1820. Neither establishes an inspected final conversion tariff.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Banco versus current florins separately denominate bills, accounts and commercial transactions;1659 recognition supports identity beyond issuer credit risk.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Banco versus current florins separately denominate bills, accounts and commercial transactions;1659 recognition supports identity beyond issuer credit risk.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Actual final account-unit use remains unestablished. Collapse of international role followed by institutional liquidation; exact final monetary use unresolved.", "locator": "pp.9–10 and AppendixD p.48; section2 p.5; section3.5 pp.25–26", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S700", "S701" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-AMSTERDAM", "label": "Amsterdam bank florin / bank guilder", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Actual final account-unit use remains unestablished. Collapse of international role followed by institutional liquidation; exact final monetary use unresolved.", "locator": "pp.9–10 and AppendixD p.48; section2 p.5; section3.5 pp.25–26", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S700", "S701" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1394", "C1395", "C1424", "C1565" ], "source_ids": [ "S700", "S701", "S704" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-HAMBURG", "label": "Hamburg mark banco", "aliases": [ "Hamburg mark banco" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-005" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1396", "C1397", "C1398", "C1423", "C1435" ], "source_ids": [ "S112", "S702" ], "account_scope": "See dated account observations.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1396-CUR-V26-HAMBURG-1619", "scope": "The 1619 mandate compelled large bills through the banco; lending clauses explicitly measured principal and interest in Mark Banco.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1619, "latest_year": 1619, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1619" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1396" ], "source_ids": [ "S112" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1397-CUR-V26-HAMBURG-1873", "scope": "Reichsmark accounts opened alongside silver accounts on 15 November 1872; from 15 February 1873 merchants booked transfers in Reichsmark after the silver accounting basis ended.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1873, "latest_year": 1873, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1873" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1397" ], "source_ids": [ "S702" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The 1619 mandate compelled large bills through the banco; lending clauses explicitly measured principal and interest in Mark Banco.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Reichsmark accounts opened alongside silver accounts on 15 November 1872; from 15 February 1873 merchants booked transfers in Reichsmark after the silver accounting basis ended.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Unwithdrawn balances transferred to Reichsbank deposits at the end of 1875. This institutional succession postdates the currency conversion.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1873, "assertion": "Replacement of transfer-account unit; bank itself continued through 1875.", "locator": "final paragraphs p.858; section3.1 p.19", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000309" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S702", "S112" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1435" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-HAMBURG", "label": "Hamburg mark banco", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000316", "FTM000349", "FTM000352", "FTM000354", "FTM000356", "FTM000359", "FTM000360", "FTM000362", "FTM000363", "FTM000364", "FTM000366", "FTM000368", "FTM000370", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1873, "assertion": "Replacement of transfer-account unit; bank itself continued through 1875.", "locator": "final paragraphs p.858; section3.1 p.19", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000309" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S702", "S112" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1435" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1396", "C1397", "C1398", "C1423", "C1435" ], "source_ids": [ "S112", "S702" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-005" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-VENICE", "label": "Venetian banco ducat — Banco del Giro accounts", "aliases": [ "Venetian banco ducat — Banco del Giro accounts" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1399", "C1400", "C1566" ], "source_ids": [ "S703", "S704" ], "account_scope": "See dated account observations.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1399-CUR-V26-VENICE-1630", "scope": "Giro balances settled obligations and traded at a variable premium to coin; the premium turned negative during 1630. This supports a separately valued scriptural unit.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1619, "latest_year": 1630, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1619–1630" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1399" ], "source_ids": [ "S703" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Giro balances settled obligations and traded at a variable premium to coin; the premium turned negative during 1630. This supports a separately valued scriptural unit.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Venetian bank payments ceased inOctober 1800; after 1805 creditors received government bonds.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Revise admission argument: premium alone is insufficient. Bank account denomination, its distinct relation to current/coin money and continued unit despite metallic devaluation support scoped banco ducat. Preserve one unit across institutions unless an account split is established.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Actual final account-unit use remains unestablished. Payments stopped; liabilities liquidated in bonds. Bond settlement is not automatically currency ancestry.", "locator": "sectionsI andIII, Figure4 discussion; Venice p.27, final paragraph", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S703", "S704" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-VENICE", "label": "Venetian banco ducat — Banco del Giro accounts", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Actual final account-unit use remains unestablished. Payments stopped; liabilities liquidated in bonds. Bond settlement is not automatically currency ancestry.", "locator": "sectionsI andIII, Figure4 discussion; Venice p.27, final paragraph", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S703", "S704" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1399", "C1400", "C1566" ], "source_ids": [ "S703", "S704" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-GENOA-BANCO", "label": "Genoese lira di banco", "aliases": [ "Genoese lira di banco" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V44-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1401", "C1402", "C1403", "C1562", "C2110" ], "source_ids": [ "S705", "S706" ], "account_scope": "See dated account observations.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1401-CUR-V26-GENOA-BANCO-1741", "scope": "Lira di banco denominated giro ledgers. The 1 July 1741 tariff separated its legal value from commercial lira fuori banco.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1675, "latest_year": 1741, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1675–1741" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1401" ], "source_ids": [ "S705" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1402-CUR-V26-GENOA-BANCO-1751", "scope": "After the 1746 suspension and 1751 debt consolidation, new 1748 banks retained the same lira di banco.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1746, "latest_year": 1751, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1746–1751" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1402" ], "source_ids": [ "S705" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Lira di banco denominated giro ledgers. The 1 July 1741 tariff separated its legal value from commercial lira fuori banco.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "After the 1746 suspension and 1751 debt consolidation, new 1748 banks retained the same lira di banco.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Successive banchi correnti operated until 1804–1805.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Separately denominated account obligations demonstrated in Felloni: banco transfer accounts, commercial obligations, or permesso taxes/debt-service/distributions. Different banks sharing one lira must not be split. Closure of a bank is not termination of an account unit.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Separately denominated account obligations demonstrated in Felloni: banco transfer accounts, commercial obligations, or permesso taxes/debt-service/distributions. Different banks sharing one lira must not be split. Closure of a bank is not termination of an account unit.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Actual final account-unit use remains unestablished. Banking operations end; last accounting use and redemption remain unverified.", "locator": "Appendix p.197; inventory item6", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S705", "S706" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-GENOA-BANCO", "label": "Genoese lira di banco", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Actual final account-unit use remains unestablished. Banking operations end; last accounting use and redemption remain unverified.", "locator": "Appendix p.197; inventory item6", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S705", "S706" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1401", "C1402", "C1403", "C1562", "C2110" ], "source_ids": [ "S705", "S706" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-GENOA-CURRENT", "label": "Genoese lira — commercial and fuori-banco account", "aliases": [ "Genoese commercial lira — lira fuori banco", "Genoese lira — commercial and fuori-banco account" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH44-C2104", "label": "Medieval Genoese lire in accounts", "date": { "earliest_year": 1141, "latest_year": 1141, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1141" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2104" ], "source_ids": [ "S1109" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V28-006", "R-V44-002", "R-V44-003", "R-V44-004" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1404", "C1405", "C1563", "C1803", "C2104", "C2109", "C2110", "C2111" ], "source_ids": [ "S705", "S935", "S1109" ], "account_scope": "See dated account observations.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1404-CUR-V26-GENOA-CURRENT-1741", "scope": "Lira di banco denominated giro ledgers. The 1 July 1741 tariff separated its legal value from commercial lira fuori banco.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1675, "latest_year": 1741, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1675–1741" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1404" ], "source_ids": [ "S705" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1405-CUR-V26-GENOA-CURRENT-1826", "scope": "Pre 1792 contracts remained payable at par after reform. The 1805 decree rated francs in commercial lire; the 26 October 1826 edict required Piedmontese lire for accounting.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1792, "latest_year": 1826, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1792–1826" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1405" ], "source_ids": [ "S705" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS44-C2104-CUR-V26-GENOA-CURRENT-1141", "scope": "The 1141 Genoese mint contract specified payments in lire and production of local denari. Felloni follows this Genoese lira of account from its medieval use through subsequent changes in coin content. The 1141 witness establishes account use, not an exact foundation date.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1141, "latest_year": 1141, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1141" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2104" ], "source_ids": [ "S1109" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Lira di banco denominated giro ledgers. The 1 July 1741 tariff separated its legal value from commercial lira fuori banco.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Pre 1792 contracts remained payable at par after reform. The 1805 decree rated francs in commercial lire; the 26 October 1826 edict required Piedmontese lire for accounting.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Separately denominated account obligations demonstrated in Felloni: banco transfer accounts, commercial obligations, or permesso taxes/debt-service/distributions. Different banks sharing one lira must not be split. Closure of a bank is not termination of an account unit.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Separately denominated account obligations demonstrated in Felloni: banco transfer accounts, commercial obligations, or permesso taxes/debt-service/distributions. Different banks sharing one lira must not be split. Closure of a bank is not termination of an account unit.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" }, { "title": "Medieval Genoese lire in accounts", "text": "The 1141 Genoese mint contract specified payments in lire and production of local denari. Felloni follows this Genoese lira of account from its medieval use through subsequent changes in coin content. The 1141 witness establishes account use, not an exact foundation date.", "report_url": "/revision-44/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Actual final account-unit use remains unestablished. Legal accounting prohibition; practical use persisted, so not final actual use.", "locator": "Appendix pp.194–195; Appendix p.197", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S705" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-GENOA-CURRENT", "label": "Genoese lira — commercial and fuori-banco account", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000232", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Actual final account-unit use remains unestablished. Legal accounting prohibition; practical use persisted, so not final actual use.", "locator": "Appendix pp.194–195; Appendix p.197", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S705" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1404", "C1405", "C1563", "C1803", "C2104", "C2109", "C2110", "C2111" ], "source_ids": [ "S705", "S935", "S1109" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V28-006", "R-V44-003", "R-V44-004" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "summary": "The 1141 Genoese mint contract specified payments in lire and production of local denari. Felloni follows this Genoese lira of account from its medieval use through subsequent changes in coin content. The 1141 witness establishes account use, not an exact foundation date." }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-GENOA-PERMESSO", "label": "Genoese lira di permesso", "aliases": [ "Genoese lira di permesso" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V44-004" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1406", "C1407", "C1564", "C2111" ], "source_ids": [ "S705", "S706" ], "account_scope": "See dated account observations.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1406-CUR-V26-GENOA-PERMESSO-1751", "scope": "The 1751 lira di permesso measured taxes, debt service and distributions; it differed from both banco and commercial lire.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1751, "latest_year": 1751, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1751" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1406" ], "source_ids": [ "S705" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The 1751 lira di permesso measured taxes, debt service and distributions; it differed from both banco and commercial lire.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Permesso bank closure is dated 1764 in the essay and 1763 in the inventory.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Separately denominated account obligations demonstrated in Felloni: banco transfer accounts, commercial obligations, or permesso taxes/debt-service/distributions. Different banks sharing one lira must not be split. Closure of a bank is not termination of an account unit.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Separately denominated account obligations demonstrated in Felloni: banco transfer accounts, commercial obligations, or permesso taxes/debt-service/distributions. Different banks sharing one lira must not be split. Closure of a bank is not termination of an account unit.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Actual final account-unit use remains unestablished. Conflicting institutional closure dates; precise final settlement uninspected.", "locator": "Appendix p.196, notes62–63 (ASG Cancelleria ex sala35 n.960); Felloni Appendix p.196; archival inventory item5", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S705", "S706" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-GENOA-PERMESSO", "label": "Genoese lira di permesso", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Actual final account-unit use remains unestablished. Conflicting institutional closure dates; precise final settlement uninspected.", "locator": "Appendix p.196, notes62–63 (ASG Cancelleria ex sala35 n.960); Felloni Appendix p.196; archival inventory item5", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "source_ids": [ "S705", "S706" ], "claim_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1406", "C1407", "C1564", "C2111" ], "source_ids": [ "S705", "S706" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-CONFEDERATE-DOLLAR", "label": "Confederate dollar", "aliases": [ "Confederate dollar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-018" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1408", "C1409", "C1436", "C1554", "C1676" ], "source_ids": [ "S707", "S791" ], "account_scope": "See dated account observations.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1408-CUR-V26-CONFEDERATE-DOLLAR-1864", "scope": "A Montgomery land sale dated 28 November 1864 specified 45,000 Confederate dollars, including a deferred 10,000-dollar obligation; the Court distinguished this unit from US dollars in both kind and value.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1864, "latest_year": 1864, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1864" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1408" ], "source_ids": [ "S707" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1409-CUR-V26-CONFEDERATE-DOLLAR-1865", "scope": "Confederate notes became worthless in 1865. The Court permitted this private debt's historical-value recovery in US money, not note redemption.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1865, "latest_year": 1865, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1865" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1409" ], "source_ids": [ "S707" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "A Montgomery land sale dated 28 November 1864 specified 45,000 Confederate dollars, including a deferred 10,000-dollar obligation; the Court distinguished this unit from US dollars in both kind and value.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Confederate notes became worthless in 1865. The Court permitted this private debt's historical-value recovery in US money, not note redemption.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Court explicitly distinguishes contract dollars in kind and value from US dollars. Admission rests on independently denominated land-price and debt obligations, not merely depreciated notes or issuer risk.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Court explicitly distinguishes contract dollars in kind and value from US dollars. Admission rests on independently denominated land-price and debt obligations, not merely depreciated notes or issuer risk.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1865, "assertion": "Confederate currency became worthless in 1865; no general successor conversion is established. Judicial recovery of the historical value of a private debt is not currency redemption.", "locator": "pp. 1–3 and 12–14; November 28, 1864 note; distinction between Confederate and lawful US dollars", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "termination_details": { "year": 1865, "type": "unconverted_currency_extinction", "precision": "year", "exact_day": null }, "evidence_limit": "Earliest separate unit establishment and territorial variation in cessation; these do not block this evidenced identity.", "source_ids": [ "S707" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1436" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-CONFEDERATE-DOLLAR", "label": "Confederate dollar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1865, "assertion": "Confederate currency became worthless in 1865; no general successor conversion is established. Judicial recovery of the historical value of a private debt is not currency redemption.", "locator": "pp. 1–3 and 12–14; November 28, 1864 note; distinction between Confederate and lawful US dollars", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "termination_details": { "year": 1865, "type": "unconverted_currency_extinction", "precision": "year", "exact_day": null }, "evidence_limit": "Earliest separate unit establishment and territorial variation in cessation; these do not block this evidenced identity.", "source_ids": [ "S707" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1436" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1408", "C1409", "C1436", "C1554", "C1676" ], "source_ids": [ "S707", "S791" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-BIAFRAN-POUND", "label": "Biafran pound", "aliases": [ "Biafran pound" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-007" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1410", "C1411", "C1412", "C1425", "C1437", "C1466", "C1589", "C1723" ], "source_ids": [ "S708", "S713" ], "account_scope": "See dated account observations.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1410-CUR-V26-BIAFRAN-POUND-1969", "scope": "A February 1969 sale of 110 tins of palm oil created a 1,650-Biafran-pound payment obligation expressly distinguished from Nigerian pounds.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1969, "latest_year": 1969, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1969" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1410" ], "source_ids": [ "S708" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1412-CUR-V26-BIAFRAN-POUND-1970", "scope": "Symes reproduces provisions retaining Nigerian money in 1967 and a January 1968 announcement replacing it with Biafran currency. His postwar recall account says no proportional conversion occurred; a flat payment was used instead.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1967, "latest_year": 1970, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1967–1970" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1412" ], "source_ids": [ "S713" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1466-CUR-V26-BIAFRAN-POUND-1972", "scope": "Postwarrecall/flatgrant wasnot proportionalconversion ofBiafrandebts. Courtrefused substitutingNigeriancurrency for1969Biafranobligation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1970, "latest_year": 1972, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1970–1972" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1466" ], "source_ids": [ "S708", "S713" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "A February 1969 sale of 110 tins of palm oil created a 1,650-Biafran-pound payment obligation expressly distinguished from Nigerian pounds.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "By the suit's filing on 17 February 1972, Biafran currency was no longer in legal use. The Supreme Court rejected replacement consideration in Nigerian pounds or naira and stated there was no official conversion rate.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Symes reproduces provisions retaining Nigerian money in 1967 and a January 1968 announcement replacing it with Biafran currency. His postwar recall account says no proportional conversion occurred; a flat payment was used instead.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Postwarrecall/flatgrant wasnot proportionalconversion ofBiafrandebts. Courtrefused substitutingNigeriancurrency for1969Biafranobligation.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "1967decree retained Nigerianmoney; January1968replacement establishes Biafran monetarysuccession; actual1969oil obligation denominated in Biafranpounds independently establishes contractualidentity. Originalnumismaticresearch reproduces law; directjudgment proves realunit. Exactfirstday and universalratio withheld. Supported relationship from explicit contemporary monetary succession; range and missing universal ratio remain scoped limitations, not a doubtful existence claim.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": [ 1970, 1972 ], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V26-BIAFRAN-POUND", "assertion": "Postwarrecall/flatgrant wasnot proportionalconversion ofBiafrandebts. Courtrefused substitutingNigeriancurrency for1969Biafranobligation.", "locator": "Opening facts (February 1969 oil sale); discussion of Decree 48/1968; final paragraphs on absence of official conversion and prohibited substitution; Attributed article beginning below the page introduction; The Bank of Biafra; The first Republic of Biafra Bank note issue; final recall paragraphs before Bibliography", "claim_ids": [ "C1723" ], "source_ids": [ "S708", "S713" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-BIAFRAN-POUND", "label": "Biafran pound", "navigation_group": "Sterling and early English", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": [ 1970, 1972 ], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V26-BIAFRAN-POUND", "assertion": "Postwarrecall/flatgrant wasnot proportionalconversion ofBiafrandebts. Courtrefused substitutingNigeriancurrency for1969Biafranobligation.", "locator": "Opening facts (February 1969 oil sale); discussion of Decree 48/1968; final paragraphs on absence of official conversion and prohibited substitution; Attributed article beginning below the page introduction; The Bank of Biafra; The first Republic of Biafra Bank note issue; final recall paragraphs before Bibliography", "claim_ids": [ "C1723" ], "source_ids": [ "S708", "S713" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1410", "C1411", "C1412", "C1425", "C1437", "C1466", "C1589", "C1723" ], "source_ids": [ "S708", "S713" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-DANZIG-GULDEN", "label": "Danzig gulden", "aliases": [ "Danzig gulden" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-017", "R-V26-012" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1413", "C1414", "C1430", "C1438", "C1482", "C1675" ], "source_ids": [ "S709", "S710", "S781", "S782", "S783" ], "account_scope": "See dated account observations.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1413-CUR-V26-DANZIG-GULDEN-1923", "scope": "The law of 20 October 1923 established the Danzig gulden as monetary unit, divided into 100 pfennige and valued at one twenty-fifth pound sterling.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1923, "latest_year": 1923, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1923" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1413" ], "source_ids": [ "S709" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1414-CUR-V26-DANZIG-GULDEN-1939", "scope": "In September 1939 Danzig currency conversion was fixed at 1 gulden=0.70 Reichsmark. Gulden legal tender ended 30 September; exchange of payment media was required by 15 October, with a subsidiary-currency exception.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1939, "latest_year": 1939, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1939" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1414" ], "source_ids": [ "S710" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1482-CUR-V26-DANZIG-GULDEN-1923", "scope": "October20law explicitly recognizesguldenaccountunit whilemarkcontinues; privateclaimconversion followed laterNovemberlaw.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1923, "latest_year": 1923, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1923" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1482" ], "source_ids": [ "S781" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The law of 20 October 1923 established the Danzig gulden as monetary unit, divided into 100 pfennige and valued at one twenty-fifth pound sterling.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "In September 1939 Danzig currency conversion was fixed at 1 gulden=0.70 Reichsmark. Gulden legal tender ended 30 September; exchange of payment media was required by 15 October, with a subsidiary-currency exception.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "October20law explicitly recognizesguldenaccountunit whilemarkcontinues; privateclaimconversion followed laterNovemberlaw.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1939, "assertion": "Absorbed into existing German-mark currency lineage, not an unconverted dead-end.", "locator": "p.49, Danzig, Free City of, opening and Present legal provisions; p.947, currency reorganization of former Free City of Danzig; decrees 1 September 1939 (RGBl I 1567) and 7 September 1939 (RGBl I 1691)", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000309" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "termination_details": { "date": "1939-09-30", "type": "legal_tender_termination_with_conversion", "cash_exchange_deadline": "1939-10-15", "exception": "Subsidiary payment media1pfennig through1gulden excepted by cited report." }, "evidence_limit": "Original1923 act and earlier mark replacement conditions; do not infer sterling ancestry merely from peg.", "source_ids": [ "S709", "S710" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1438" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-DANZIG-GULDEN", "label": "Danzig gulden", "navigation_group": "Guldengroschen", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "temporal_return_path", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1939, "assertion": "Absorbed into existing German-mark currency lineage, not an unconverted dead-end.", "locator": "p.49, Danzig, Free City of, opening and Present legal provisions; p.947, currency reorganization of former Free City of Danzig; decrees 1 September 1939 (RGBl I 1567) and 7 September 1939 (RGBl I 1691)", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000309" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "termination_details": { "date": "1939-09-30", "type": "legal_tender_termination_with_conversion", "cash_exchange_deadline": "1939-10-15", "exception": "Subsidiary payment media1pfennig through1gulden excepted by cited report." }, "evidence_limit": "Original1923 act and earlier mark replacement conditions; do not infer sterling ancestry merely from peg.", "source_ids": [ "S709", "S710" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1438" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1413", "C1414", "C1430", "C1438", "C1482", "C1675" ], "source_ids": [ "S709", "S710", "S781", "S782", "S783" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [ "R-V26-012" ], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-KATANGA-FRANC", "label": "Katangese franc", "aliases": [ "Katangese franc" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V26-008", "TR-V26-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1415", "C1416", "C1426", "C1431", "C1439", "C1590" ], "source_ids": [ "S711", "S712", "S792" ], "account_scope": "See dated account observations.", "research_qualifications": [], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS26-C1415-CUR-V26-KATANGA-FRANC-1962", "scope": "December 1962 diplomatic payment negotiations distinguished Katanga francs from Congo francs and contemplated conversion between them.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1962, "latest_year": 1962, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1962" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1415" ], "source_ids": [ "S711" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS26-C1416-CUR-V26-KATANGA-FRANC-1963", "scope": "The World Bank reports that Katanga established its own franc during secession and that it was replaced by the Congolese franc at 1:1 in January 1963.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1963, "latest_year": 1963, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1963" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1416" ], "source_ids": [ "S712" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "December 1962 diplomatic payment negotiations distinguished Katanga francs from Congo francs and contemplated conversion between them.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The World Bank reports that Katanga established its own franc during secession and that it was replaced by the Congolese franc at 1:1 in January 1963.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Katanga separated its own franc unit from the Congolese monetary territory during1960–1962secession; the contemporary report explicitly records that unit's creation and its later return conversion. Original contemporary monetary research suffices for scoped regional succession; retain range because original founding account law not inspected. Parity alone is not the argument. This supersedes the main bundle's keep_qualified disposition.", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1963, "assertion": "Absorbed back into pre-1967 Congolese franc. Identity ends but line continues by conversion.", "locator": "FRUS 1961–1963 vol.XX, document357, pp.726–727, especially final FYI paragraph; printed p.18, paragraph52, Currency; PDF page25 (zero-based24); currency-equivalents front matter", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000248" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "termination_details": { "date": "1963-01", "type": "currency_replacement_at_par", "precision": "month", "cash_withdrawal_completion": null }, "evidence_limit": "Exact founding instrument and physical withdrawal schedule; do not equate political surrender day with final banknote use.", "source_ids": [ "S711", "S712" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1439" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V26-KATANGA-FRANC", "label": "Katangese franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "temporal_return_path", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1963, "assertion": "Absorbed back into pre-1967 Congolese franc. Identity ends but line continues by conversion.", "locator": "FRUS 1961–1963 vol.XX, document357, pp.726–727, especially final FYI paragraph; printed p.18, paragraph52, Currency; PDF page25 (zero-based24); currency-equivalents front matter", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000248" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "termination_details": { "date": "1963-01", "type": "currency_replacement_at_par", "precision": "month", "cash_withdrawal_completion": null }, "evidence_limit": "Exact founding instrument and physical withdrawal schedule; do not equate political surrender day with final banknote use.", "source_ids": [ "S711", "S712" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1439" ], "assessment_scope": "Bounded historical sweep; no modern-code absence or final observed date proves extinction." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1415", "C1416", "C1426", "C1431", "C1439", "C1590" ], "source_ids": [ "S711", "S712", "S792" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [ "TR-V26-001" ], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-MOROCCO-HASSANI", "label": "Moroccan Hassani reckoning", "aliases": [ "Moroccan Hassani reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1443", "C1661", "C1729" ], "source_ids": [ "S725" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1443-CUR-V27-MOROCCO-HASSANI-1920", "scope": "Contemporary report distinguishes Hassani-peseta transactionreckoning from Frenchfranc and Spanishpeseta.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1907, "latest_year": 1920, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1907–1920" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1443" ], "source_ids": [ "S725" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Contemporary report distinguishes Hassani-peseta transactionreckoning from Frenchfranc and Spanishpeseta.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Cashreplacement documented; total endingofall oldobligations notseparately established.", "locator": "Printed410/PDF5,SituationmonétaireduMaroc", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000280" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-MOROCCO-HASSANI", "claim_ids": [ "C1729" ], "source_ids": [ "S725" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-MOROCCO-HASSANI", "label": "Moroccan Hassani reckoning", "navigation_group": "African and Pacific account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000281" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Cashreplacement documented; total endingofall oldobligations notseparately established.", "locator": "Printed410/PDF5,SituationmonétaireduMaroc", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000280" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-MOROCCO-HASSANI", "claim_ids": [ "C1729" ], "source_ids": [ "S725" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1443", "C1661", "C1729" ], "source_ids": [ "S725" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-003" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-LIBYA-MAL", "label": "Tripolitanian Military Authority lira", "aliases": [ "Tripolitanian Military Authority lira" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-012", "R-V27-023" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1444", "C1499", "C1670", "C1681", "C1733" ], "source_ids": [ "S764", "S815" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1444-CUR-V27-LIBYA-MAL-1951", "scope": "Libyan Currency Law article 12 recognizes existing Tripolitanian obligations in Military Authority lira and converts them at 480 per Libyan pound.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1951, "latest_year": 1951, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1951" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1444" ], "source_ids": [ "S764" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1499-CUR-V27-LIBYA-MAL-1943", "scope": "The military-administration lira replaced Italian metropolitan lire in Tripolitania during September–November 1943.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1943, "latest_year": 1943, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1943" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1499" ], "source_ids": [ "S815" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Libyan Currency Law article 12 recognizes existing Tripolitanian obligations in Military Authority lira and converts them at 480 per Libyan pound.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The military-administration lira replaced Italian metropolitan lire in Tripolitania during September–November 1943.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "node": "CUR-V27-LIBYA-MAL", "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1952, "assertion": "Currency Law 4 converted existing MAL obligations into Libyan pounds at 480:1; the new pound began circulating 24 March 1952. This dates account succession, not an asserted universal final note-redemption day.", "locator": "Currency Law 4, section 12; report Supplementary Note", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000232" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-LIBYA-MAL", "claim_ids": [ "C1733" ], "source_ids": [ "S764", "S815" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-LIBYA-MAL", "label": "Tripolitanian Military Authority lira", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000232" ], "lifecycle": { "node": "CUR-V27-LIBYA-MAL", "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1952, "assertion": "Currency Law 4 converted existing MAL obligations into Libyan pounds at 480:1; the new pound began circulating 24 March 1952. This dates account succession, not an asserted universal final note-redemption day.", "locator": "Currency Law 4, section 12; report Supplementary Note", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000232" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-LIBYA-MAL", "claim_ids": [ "C1733" ], "source_ids": [ "S764", "S815" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1444", "C1499", "C1670", "C1681", "C1733" ], "source_ids": [ "S764", "S815" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-012" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-TUNISIAN-PIASTRE", "label": "Tunisian piastre / riyal reckoning", "aliases": [ "Tunisian piastre / riyal reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-019" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1445", "C1446", "C1677", "C1731" ], "source_ids": [ "S465", "S794" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1445-CUR-V27-TUNISIAN-PIASTRE-1891", "scope": "Tunisian piastre was the principal monetary unit replaced by franc reckoning in1891; riyal is an alternative local designation in the earlier Husaynid system, not a second denomination-node.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1891, "latest_year": 1891, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1891" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1445" ], "source_ids": [ "S465" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1446-CUR-V27-TUNISIAN-PIASTRE-1856", "scope": "Annual mejba liability of36piastres,payable monthly,provides direct fiscalaccount anchor for Tunisianpiastre by1856. Earlier Ottomanrelationship not inferred solely from shared name.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1856, "latest_year": 1856, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1856" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1446" ], "source_ids": [ "S794" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Tunisian piastre was the principal monetary unit replaced by franc reckoning in1891; riyal is an alternative local designation in the earlier Husaynid system, not a second denomination-node.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Annual mejba liability of36piastres,payable monthly,provides direct fiscalaccount anchor for Tunisianpiastre by1856. Earlier Ottomanrelationship not inferred solely from shared name.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1891, "assertion": "Principal unit replaced by franc reckoning. This does not prove every old coin or legacy private claim disappeared immediately.", "locator": "Protectorate section first paragraph", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000278" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-TUNISIAN-PIASTRE", "claim_ids": [ "C1731" ], "source_ids": [ "S465" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-TUNISIAN-PIASTRE", "label": "Tunisian piastre / riyal reckoning", "navigation_group": "African and Pacific account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000279" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1891, "assertion": "Principal unit replaced by franc reckoning. This does not prove every old coin or legacy private claim disappeared immediately.", "locator": "Protectorate section first paragraph", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000278" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-TUNISIAN-PIASTRE", "claim_ids": [ "C1731" ], "source_ids": [ "S465" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1445", "C1446", "C1677", "C1731" ], "source_ids": [ "S465", "S794" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-019" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-NORTHEAST-YUAN", "label": "Northeast Chinese yuan accounting", "aliases": [ "Northeast Chinese yuan accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-025", "R-V27-026" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1447", "C1683", "C1684", "C1735" ], "source_ids": [ "S841", "S842" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1447-CUR-V27-NORTHEAST-YUAN-1951", "scope": "The1951 order recognizes an existing Northeast account, contract and debt unit distinct from RMB.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1951, "latest_year": 1951, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1951" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1447" ], "source_ids": [ "S841" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The1951 order recognizes an existing Northeast account, contract and debt unit distinct from RMB.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1951, "assertion": "Statutory account replacement effective1April1951; instrument redemption continued afterward.", "locator": "Order article2 and PBC implementation notice", "successor_ids": [ "T-FTM000459" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-NORTHEAST-YUAN", "claim_ids": [ "C1735" ], "source_ids": [ "S841" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-NORTHEAST-YUAN", "label": "Northeast Chinese yuan accounting", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000459" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1951, "assertion": "Statutory account replacement effective1April1951; instrument redemption continued afterward.", "locator": "Order article2 and PBC implementation notice", "successor_ids": [ "T-FTM000459" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-NORTHEAST-YUAN", "claim_ids": [ "C1735" ], "source_ids": [ "S841" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1447", "C1683", "C1684", "C1735" ], "source_ids": [ "S841", "S842" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-026" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-MAURITIUS-DOLLAR", "label": "Mauritius colonial dollar accounting", "aliases": [ "Mauritius colonial dollar accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-028", "R-V27-029" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1448", "C1686", "C1687", "C1736" ], "source_ids": [ "S189" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1448-CUR-V27-MAURITIUS-DOLLAR-1867", "scope": "Mauritius bankers and merchants kept dollar-and-cent accounts, while government kept sterling and shopkeepers also retained livre/sou reckoning.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1867, "latest_year": 1867, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1867" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1448" ], "source_ids": [ "S189" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Mauritius bankers and merchants kept dollar-and-cent accounts, while government kept sterling and shopkeepers also retained livre/sou reckoning.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1877, "assertion": "Local dollars were converted to rupees at two rupees per dollar effective1January1877.", "locator": "Printed p.175", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000293" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-MAURITIUS-DOLLAR", "claim_ids": [ "C1736" ], "source_ids": [ "S189" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-MAURITIUS-DOLLAR", "label": "Mauritius colonial dollar accounting", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000293", "FTM000294" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1877, "assertion": "Local dollars were converted to rupees at two rupees per dollar effective1January1877.", "locator": "Printed p.175", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000293" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-MAURITIUS-DOLLAR", "claim_ids": [ "C1736" ], "source_ids": [ "S189" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1448", "C1686", "C1687", "C1736" ], "source_ids": [ "S189" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-029" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-SOL-1863", "label": "Peruvian sol — nineteenth-century account unit", "aliases": [ "Peruvian sol — nineteenth-century account unit" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-030" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1449", "C1450", "C1688", "C1737" ], "source_ids": [ "S853", "S852" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1449-CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-SOL-1863-1863", "scope": "The 1863 law identified the sol as Peru’s principal monetary unit.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1863, "latest_year": 1863, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1863" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1449" ], "source_ids": [ "S853" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1450-CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-SOL-1863-1901", "scope": "The 1901 law recognized outstanding silver-sol obligations and prescribed their later settlement in Peruvian pounds.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1901, "latest_year": 1901, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1901" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1450" ], "source_ids": [ "S852" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The 1863 law identified the sol as Peru’s principal monetary unit.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The 1901 law recognized outstanding silver-sol obligations and prescribed their later settlement in Peruvian pounds.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": [ 1901, 1903 ], "assertion": "Principal-unit replacement occurred in1901; existing silver-sol obligations retained a two-year transitional settlement provision before required pound settlement.", "locator": "Article1 and transitory article3", "successor_ids": [ "CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-LIBRA" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-SOL-1863", "claim_ids": [ "C1737" ], "source_ids": [ "S852" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-SOL-1863", "label": "Peruvian sol — nineteenth-century account unit", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000087" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": [ 1901, 1903 ], "assertion": "Principal-unit replacement occurred in1901; existing silver-sol obligations retained a two-year transitional settlement provision before required pound settlement.", "locator": "Article1 and transitory article3", "successor_ids": [ "CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-LIBRA" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-SOL-1863", "claim_ids": [ "C1737" ], "source_ids": [ "S852" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1449", "C1450", "C1688", "C1737" ], "source_ids": [ "S853", "S852" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-030" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-ANGOLAR", "label": "Angolan angolar", "aliases": [ "Angolan angolar" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-031", "R-V27-032" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1451", "C1452", "C1689", "C1690", "C1738" ], "source_ids": [ "S653", "S854", "S652" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1451-CUR-V27-ANGOLAR-1926", "scope": "Base I establishes angolar as replacement principal account unit for the existing Angolan escudo.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1926, "latest_year": 1926, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1926" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1451" ], "source_ids": [ "S653" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1452-CUR-V27-ANGOLAR-1928", "scope": "Neto dates practical angolar use from August1928.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1928, "latest_year": 1928, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1928" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1452" ], "source_ids": [ "S854" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Base I establishes angolar as replacement principal account unit for the existing Angolan escudo.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Neto dates practical angolar use from August1928.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1958, "assertion": "Angolar became escudo again in December1958.", "locator": "Glossary p8", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000154" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-ANGOLAR", "claim_ids": [ "C1738" ], "source_ids": [ "S854" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-ANGOLAR", "label": "Angolan angolar", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000156" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1958, "assertion": "Angolar became escudo again in December1958.", "locator": "Glossary p8", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000154" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-ANGOLAR", "claim_ids": [ "C1738" ], "source_ids": [ "S854" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1451", "C1452", "C1689", "C1690", "C1738" ], "source_ids": [ "S653", "S854", "S652" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-032" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-LIBRA", "label": "Peruvian libra — principal account unit", "aliases": [ "Peruvian libra — principal account unit" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-030", "R-V27-037" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1453", "C1519", "C1688", "C1695", "C1739" ], "source_ids": [ "S863", "S852" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1453-CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-LIBRA-1929", "scope": "Banco de Reserva balance and circulation liabilities were recorded in libras peruanas before1930conversion.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1929, "latest_year": 1929, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1929" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1453" ], "source_ids": [ "S863" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1519-CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-LIBRA-1901", "scope": "The Peruvian pound became the statutory principal unit in1901; British coin acceptance was a payment provision, not sterling ancestry.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1901, "latest_year": 1901, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1901" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1519" ], "source_ids": [ "S852" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Banco de Reserva balance and circulation liabilities were recorded in libras peruanas before1930conversion.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "The Peruvian pound became the statutory principal unit in1901; British coin acceptance was a payment provision, not sterling ancestry.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1930, "assertion": "Law6746converted existing libra obligations to soles oro.", "locator": "Printed6", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000085" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-LIBRA", "claim_ids": [ "C1739" ], "source_ids": [ "S863" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-LIBRA", "label": "Peruvian libra — principal account unit", "navigation_group": "Castilian real", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000087" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1930, "assertion": "Law6746converted existing libra obligations to soles oro.", "locator": "Printed6", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000085" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-LIBRA", "claim_ids": [ "C1739" ], "source_ids": [ "S863" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1453", "C1519", "C1688", "C1695", "C1739" ], "source_ids": [ "S863", "S852" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-037" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-HARBIN-DAYANG", "label": "Harbin dayang — regional silver-dollar accounting", "aliases": [ "Harbin dayang — regional silver-dollar accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-041", "R-V27-042" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1454", "C1699", "C1700", "C1740" ], "source_ids": [ "S867", "S868" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1454-CUR-V27-HARBIN-DAYANG-1932", "scope": "Harbin dayang was accepted for provincial taxes and functioned as a locally differentiated regional currency across multiple issuers.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1919, "latest_year": 1932, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1919–1932" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1454" ], "source_ids": [ "S867", "S868" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Harbin dayang was accepted for provincial taxes and functioned as a locally differentiated regional currency across multiple issuers.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Replacement by Manchukuo is documented; final termination of all balances is not independently dated.", "successor_ids": [ "CUR-V26-MANCHUKUO-YUAN" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-HARBIN-DAYANG", "claim_ids": [ "C1740" ], "source_ids": [ "S867", "S868" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-HARBIN-DAYANG", "label": "Harbin dayang — regional silver-dollar accounting", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "T-FTM000459" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Replacement by Manchukuo is documented; final termination of all balances is not independently dated.", "successor_ids": [ "CUR-V26-MANCHUKUO-YUAN" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-HARBIN-DAYANG", "claim_ids": [ "C1740" ], "source_ids": [ "S867", "S868" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1454", "C1699", "C1700", "C1740" ], "source_ids": [ "S867", "S868" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-042" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-HUNGARIAN-KORONA", "label": "Hungarian korona — post-imperial account unit", "aliases": [ "Hungarian korona — post-imperial account unit" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-044", "R-V27-045" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1455", "C1456", "C1702", "C1703" ], "source_ids": [ "S768", "S871" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1455-CUR-V27-HUNGARIAN-KORONA-1920", "scope": "Distinct Hungarian crown deposit/account scope is documented during March1920 separation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1920, "latest_year": 1920, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1920" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1455" ], "source_ids": [ "S768" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1456-CUR-V27-HUNGARIAN-KORONA-1927", "scope": "Korona account obligations converted to pengő by statute.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1927, "latest_year": 1927, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1927" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1456" ], "source_ids": [ "S871" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Distinct Hungarian crown deposit/account scope is documented during March1920 separation.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Korona account obligations converted to pengő by statute.", "report_url": "/historical.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-HUNGARIAN-KORONA", "label": "Hungarian korona — post-imperial account unit", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000327" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1455", "C1456", "C1702", "C1703" ], "source_ids": [ "S768", "S871" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V27-045" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-SOMALIS-CFA", "label": "French Somaliland CFA franc", "aliases": [ "French Somaliland CFA franc" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R0234", "R-V27-055" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1457", "C1458", "C1575", "C1713", "C1741" ], "source_ids": [ "S888", "S720" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS27-C1457-CUR-V27-SOMALIS-CFA-1945", "scope": "French Somaliland participates in the territorial CFA currency group.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1945, "latest_year": 1945, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1945" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1457" ], "source_ids": [ "S888" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS27-C1458-CUR-V27-SOMALIS-CFA-1949", "scope": "Resident bankaccounts and obligations were denominated in CFA before statutory conversion.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1949, "latest_year": 1949, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1949" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1458" ], "source_ids": [ "S720" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "French Somaliland participates in the territorial CFA currency group.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Historical account research", "text": "Resident bankaccounts and obligations were denominated in CFA before statutory conversion.", "report_url": "/historical.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "The1949 law converts resident CFA accounts and obligations into the newly established Djibouti franc. ", "report_url": "/modern-cleanup.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1949, "assertion": "Resident monetary accounts converted to Djibouti francs by law.", "locator": "Arts1,5–6", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000283" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-SOMALIS-CFA", "claim_ids": [ "C1741" ], "source_ids": [ "S720" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V27-SOMALIS-CFA", "label": "French Somaliland CFA franc", "navigation_group": "Carolingian pound", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000283" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": 1949, "assertion": "Resident monetary accounts converted to Djibouti francs by law.", "locator": "Arts1,5–6", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000283" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V27-SOMALIS-CFA", "claim_ids": [ "C1741" ], "source_ids": [ "S720" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision27 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1457", "C1458", "C1575", "C1713", "C1741" ], "source_ids": [ "S888", "S720" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R0234" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V28-PATNA-SANWAT", "label": "Patna Sanwat / Azeemabadee rupee account", "aliases": [ "Patna Sanwat / Azeemabadee rupee account" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V28-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1742", "C1798", "C1813" ], "source_ids": [ "S910" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS28-C1742-CUR-V28-PATNA-SANWAT-1775", "scope": "A1775 land grant denominated rent in Sanwat Azeemabadee rupees, separately valued from sicca.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1775, "latest_year": 1775, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1775" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1742" ], "source_ids": [ "S910" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A1775 land grant denominated rent in Sanwat Azeemabadee rupees, separately valued from sicca.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V28-PATNA-SANWAT", "assertion": "Local contractual denomination; not all Patna coin issues. No complete account-unit termination established in this pass.", "locator": "Judgment paragraph1", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1813" ], "source_ids": [ "S910" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision28 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V28-PATNA-SANWAT", "label": "Patna Sanwat / Azeemabadee rupee account", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000234", "FTM000235", "FTM000236", "FTM000237", "FTM000238", "FTM000240", "FTM000242", "FTM000243", "FTM000244", "FTM000285", "FTM000286", "FTM000287", "FTM000288", "FTM000290", "FTM000291", "FTM000292", "FTM000293", "FTM000294", "FTM000300", "FTM000302", "FTM000303", "FTM000320" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V28-PATNA-SANWAT", "assertion": "Local contractual denomination; not all Patna coin issues. No complete account-unit termination established in this pass.", "locator": "Judgment paragraph1", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1813" ], "source_ids": [ "S910" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision28 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1742", "C1798", "C1813" ], "source_ids": [ "S910" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V28-001" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V28-PORTUGUESE-LIBRA", "label": "Portuguese dinheiro–soldo–libra accounting", "aliases": [ "Portuguese libra — medieval account unit", "Portuguese libra", "Portuguese dinheiro", "Portuguese soldo reckoning", "Portuguese dinheiro–soldo–libra accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V28-003", "CTX-V31-015", "R-V34-004" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1743", "C1800", "C1814", "C1929", "C1930", "C1931", "C1942", "C1945", "C1947", "C1990" ], "source_ids": [ "S930", "S990", "S988", "S989", "S991", "S1032" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS28-C1743-CUR-V28-PORTUGUESE-LIBRA-1401", "scope": "The law of11April1401 adjusts rent and debt obligations denominated in Portuguese libras.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1401, "latest_year": 1401, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1401" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1743" ], "source_ids": [ "S930" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1929-CUR-V28-PORTUGUESE-LIBRA-1145", "scope": "Coimbra’s municipal ordinance sets goods prices in denarii and penalties in solidi, with the king’s consent. This is legal Portuguese dinheiro/soldo accounting before the libra’s later introduction as a larger multiple.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1145, "latest_year": 1145, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1145" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1929" ], "source_ids": [ "S990", "S988" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1930-CUR-V28-PORTUGUESE-LIBRA-1253", "scope": "The price law values a load of wax at 90 Portuguese libras, an arroba at 7.5 libras, and an arrátel at 4 soldos 8 dinheiros. This directly attests the integrated account scales.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1253, "latest_year": 1253, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1253" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1930" ], "source_ids": [ "S989", "S991" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1931-CUR-V28-PORTUGUESE-LIBRA-1091", "scope": "Portucalense land contracts state soldo debts settled in dinheiros, including money of King AlfonsoVI. These are earlier regional account witnesses.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1090, "latest_year": 1091, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1090–1091" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1931" ], "source_ids": [ "S988" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The law of11April1401 adjusts rent and debt obligations denominated in Portuguese libras.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Coimbra’s municipal ordinance sets goods prices in denarii and penalties in solidi, with the king’s consent. This is legal Portuguese dinheiro/soldo accounting before the libra’s later introduction as a larger multiple.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The price law values a load of wax at 90 Portuguese libras, an arroba at 7.5 libras, and an arrátel at 4 soldos 8 dinheiros. This directly attests the integrated account scales.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Portucalense land contracts state soldo debts settled in dinheiros, including money of King AlfonsoVI. These are earlier regional account witnesses.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Modern account-unit review", "text": "Retain Portuguese libra-system→real account succession; dinheiro belongs within the former profile and need not become an intervening node. Earlier real coin issues were denominated in existing account scales; account succession and coin debut must remain distinct.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Account-reckoning transmission", "text": "AfonsoIII adopted French libra reckoning above existing soldo/dinheiro accounts; the Frankish node represents tradition, not an identified immediate parent.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "The libra added a 20-soldo multiple to existing 12-dinheiro soldo reckoning. Retain these as scales within one account profile.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "frankish_portugal", "text": "The regional denier–solidus–libra system has Carolingian ancestry. This compressed ancestry link leaves intervening stages and the immediate parent unresolved; it does not establish direct siblinghood.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "assertion": "General account replacement does not extinguish all old libra-denominated obligations;1473 adjustment evidence shows their persistence.", "locator": "1473adjustment paragraphs", "id": "CUR-V28-PORTUGUESE-LIBRA", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1814" ], "source_ids": [ "S930" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision28 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V28-PORTUGUESE-LIBRA", "label": "Portuguese dinheiro–soldo–libra accounting", "navigation_group": "Iberian account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000092", "FTM000151", "FTM000153", "FTM000156", "FTM000159", "FTM000162", "FTM000263", "FTM000266", "FTM000268", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "assertion": "General account replacement does not extinguish all old libra-denominated obligations;1473 adjustment evidence shows their persistence.", "locator": "1473adjustment paragraphs", "id": "CUR-V28-PORTUGUESE-LIBRA", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1814" ], "source_ids": [ "S930" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision28 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1743", "C1800", "C1814", "C1929", "C1930", "C1931", "C1942", "C1945", "C1947", "C1990" ], "source_ids": [ "S930", "S990", "S988", "S989", "S991", "S1032" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V28-003" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "identity_scope_notes": [ { "id": "CUR-V28-PORTUGUESE-LIBRA", "aliases": [ "Portuguese libra", "Portuguese dinheiro", "Portuguese soldo reckoning" ], "assertion": "The libra added a 20-soldo multiple to existing 12-dinheiro soldo reckoning. Retain these as scales within one account profile.", "revision": 31 } ] }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V28-SPANISH-ESCUDO", "label": "Spanish escudo —1864 account unit", "aliases": [ "Spanish escudo —1864 account unit" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V28-004", "R-V31-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1744", "C1801", "C1934", "C1935", "C1943" ], "source_ids": [ "S931", "S933", "S995", "S997", "S998" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS28-C1744-CUR-V28-SPANISH-ESCUDO-1864", "scope": "Law establishes escudo unit and public-account denomination.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1864, "latest_year": 1864, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1864" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1744" ], "source_ids": [ "S931" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1934-CUR-V28-SPANISH-ESCUDO-1864", "scope": "The ministerial exposition explicitly replaces the current principal real with the escudo of 10 reales; enacted articles 1 and 6 establish escudo and public-account use.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1864, "latest_year": 1864, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1864" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1934" ], "source_ids": [ "S995", "S931" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1935-CUR-V28-SPANISH-ESCUDO-1865", "scope": "RoyalOrder 8 March 1865 requires escudo amounts in overseas public accounts and documents from 1 July 1865, regardless of delayed coin changes.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1865, "latest_year": 1865, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1865" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1935" ], "source_ids": [ "S997" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Law establishes escudo unit and public-account denomination.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The ministerial exposition explicitly replaces the current principal real with the escudo of 10 reales; enacted articles 1 and 6 establish escudo and public-account use.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "RoyalOrder 8 March 1865 requires escudo amounts in overseas public accounts and documents from 1 July 1865, regardless of delayed coin changes.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" } ], "identity_scope_notes": [ { "code": "CUR-V28-SPANISH-ESCUDO", "action": "retain_scoped_principal_unit", "reason": "1864 art1 explicitly selects escudo as principal unit;art6 makes real a decimal accounting subunit (10 reales per escudo), while art2 calls the real a0.10-escudo denomination. Consistent with established pound/dollar principal-unit treatment, this is stronger than issuer/standard-only evidence. It does not independently prove old-real obligations conversion.", "revision": 28 } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V28-SPANISH-ESCUDO", "label": "Spanish escudo —1864 account unit", "navigation_group": "Iberian account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000264", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1744", "C1801", "C1934", "C1935", "C1943" ], "source_ids": [ "S931", "S933", "S995", "S997", "S998" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V28-004" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V28-OLD-PIEDMONT-LIRA", "label": "Old Piedmont lira —20-soldi account unit", "aliases": [ "Old Piedmont lira —20-soldi account unit" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V28-005" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1745", "C1788", "C1802" ], "source_ids": [ "S935" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS28-C1745-CUR-V28-OLD-PIEDMONT-LIRA-1814", "scope": "Restored as local account system before1816 replacement.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1814, "latest_year": 1814, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1814" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1745" ], "source_ids": [ "S935" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS28-C1788-CUR-V28-OLD-PIEDMONT-LIRA-1802", "scope": "The consular decree of5 July1802 sets the old Piedmont lira conversion into francs at1.1852;the account identity predates its1814restoration.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1802, "latest_year": 1802, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1802" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1788" ], "source_ids": [ "S935" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Restored as local account system before1816 replacement.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The consular decree of5 July1802 sets the old Piedmont lira conversion into francs at1.1852;the account identity predates its1814restoration.", "report_url": "/revision-28/index.html" } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V28-OLD-PIEDMONT-LIRA", "label": "Old Piedmont lira —20-soldi account unit", "navigation_group": "European predecessor branches", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000232", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1745", "C1788", "C1802" ], "source_ids": [ "S935" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V28-005" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-TANG-CASH", "label": "Tang cash / guan accounting", "aliases": [ "Tang cash / guan accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1815", "C1816", "C1854", "C2015", "C2016" ], "source_ids": [ "S954", "S953", "S955", "S1047", "S1048" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS29-C1815-CUR-V29-TANG-CASH-780", "scope": "A reported780 price comparison values a bolt of plain silk at4000 cash and a dou of rice at200 cash. These show money-denominated prices; context does not warrant universal purchasing-power estimates.", "date": { "earliest_year": 780, "latest_year": 780, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "780" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1815" ], "source_ids": [ "S954" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1816-CUR-V29-TANG-CASH-805", "scope": "Lu Zhi’s memorial against the twice-yearly tax describes conversion of different property categories into strings of money for assessment. This directly establishes fiscal account valuation independently of settlement material.", "date": { "earliest_year": 780, "latest_year": 805, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "780–805" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1816" ], "source_ids": [ "S953" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A reported780 price comparison values a bolt of plain silk at4000 cash and a dou of rice at200 cash. These show money-denominated prices; context does not warrant universal purchasing-power estimates.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Lu Zhi’s memorial against the twice-yearly tax describes conversion of different property categories into strings of money for assessment. This directly establishes fiscal account valuation independently of settlement material.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Scoped Tang monetary accounting in cash and strings: fiscal valuation and prices, not a separate node for each coin inscription. No claim yet about continuity from earlier dynasties or into every Song region.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Japanese account boundaries", "text": "The museum distinguishes Chinese coin models, medieval one-coin/one-mon reckoning, and independent Edo gold, silver and copper values. This does not by itself establish Tang-account to Japanese-mon ancestry or merge mon, ryō and silver monme.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Qin-to-Tang frontier", "text": "Qin cash obligations establish an earlier Chinese account witness. The reviewed ordinance does not establish the intervening account continuity through Han and Sui to the Tang profile.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No account-unit termination or successor conversion established in this pass. Dynastic endpoint is not monetary termination.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V29-TANG-CASH", "locator": "See account observation.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-TANG-CASH", "label": "Tang cash / guan accounting", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No account-unit termination or successor conversion established in this pass. Dynastic endpoint is not monetary termination.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V29-TANG-CASH", "locator": "See account observation.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1815", "C1816", "C1854", "C2015", "C2016" ], "source_ids": [ "S954", "S953", "S955", "S1047", "S1048" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-QOM-DRAHM-STER", "label": "Sasanian and early Islamic eastern drahm–dirham reckoning", "aliases": [ "Qom drahm–stēr fiscal reckoning", "Sasanian and early Islamic eastern drahm–dirham reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH36-C2026", "label": "Sasanian fiscal reckoning", "date": { "earliest_year": 531, "latest_year": 579, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "531–579" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2026" ], "source_ids": [ "S1058", "S1060" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH36-C2027", "label": "Early Islamic adoption and continuity", "date": { "earliest_year": 634, "latest_year": 644, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "634–644" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2027" ], "source_ids": [ "S1059" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V36-003", "R-V36-004" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1817", "C1818", "C1819", "C1855", "C2025", "C2026", "C2027", "C2028", "C2034", "C2039", "C2040" ], "source_ids": [ "S963", "S964", "S962", "S961", "S1058", "S1059", "S1060", "S1061", "S1062", "S1063", "S1064", "S1065", "S1066" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS29-C1817-CUR-V29-QOM-DRAHM-STER-668", "scope": "Berk.67 records a fiscal account apparently involving twenty stēr. The reading of the denomination is explicitly uncertain; retain this as a qualified earlier observation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 667, "latest_year": 668, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "667–668" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1817" ], "source_ids": [ "S963", "S964" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1818-CUR-V29-QOM-DRAHM-STER-681", "scope": "Berk.34 records an agreement concerning vineyard taxation in the Qom district, with the liability described in drahms. This establishes local fiscal reckoning; the precise nature of the religious differential remains interpretive.", "date": { "earliest_year": 680, "latest_year": 681, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "680–681" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1818" ], "source_ids": [ "S962" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1819-CUR-V29-QOM-DRAHM-STER-683", "scope": "Berk.154 values agricultural produce in drahms toward a money-tax payment and totals 45 stēr. Benfey identifies the total as 180 dirhams: stēr is an account multiple within this reckoning.", "date": { "earliest_year": 682, "latest_year": 683, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "682–683" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1819" ], "source_ids": [ "S961", "S964" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS36-C2026-CUR-V29-QOM-DRAHM-STER-579", "scope": "Under Khusro I, annual poll assessments were graded at 4,6,8 or12 dirhams. The531–579 reign bounds a retrospectively reported fiscal witness, not a currency foundation or contemporary dated document.", "date": { "earliest_year": 531, "latest_year": 579, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "531–579" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2026" ], "source_ids": [ "S1058", "S1060" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS36-C2027-CUR-V29-QOM-DRAHM-STER-644", "scope": "Umar’s diwan selected the Sasanian silver unit, called dirham, for cash stipends. The634–644 reign bounds the reported practice; later mint reforms remain profile history, not dynasty-only currencies.", "date": { "earliest_year": 634, "latest_year": 644, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "634–644" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2027" ], "source_ids": [ "S1059" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Berk.67 records a fiscal account apparently involving twenty stēr. The reading of the denomination is explicitly uncertain; retain this as a qualified earlier observation.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Berk.34 records an agreement concerning vineyard taxation in the Qom district, with the liability described in drahms. This establishes local fiscal reckoning; the precise nature of the religious differential remains interpretive.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Berk.154 values agricultural produce in drahms toward a money-tax payment and totals 45 stēr. Benfey identifies the total as 180 dirhams: stēr is an account multiple within this reckoning.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Admit a locally evidenced account identity from monetary tax assessment and valuation of in-kind payments. Drahm/dirham and its stēr multiple belong to one profile; coin issues are not separate nodes.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Eastern account continuity", "text": "Broaden the Qom profile to Sasanian and early Islamic eastern drahm–dirham reckoning. Retain local Qom documents and qualify earlier regional associations; neither uniform empire-wide values nor identical tax institutions are asserted.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Sasanian fiscal reckoning", "text": "Under Khusro I, annual poll assessments were graded at 4,6,8 or12 dirhams. The531–579 reign bounds a retrospectively reported fiscal witness, not a currency foundation or contemporary dated document.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Early Islamic adoption and continuity", "text": "Umar’s diwan selected the Sasanian silver unit, called dirham, for cash stipends. The634–644 reign bounds the reported practice; later mint reforms remain profile history, not dynasty-only currencies.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "No minting does not mean no accounts", "text": "Dirham is also an account unit without a corresponding current coin. Reported Isfahan bread prices in 1052 use dirham adl despite the supposed silver-minting gap. This is frontier evidence, not a proven extension of one uniform eastern currency.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Open bridge toward today’s Iranian rial", "text": "The checked sources do not yet establish the intervening account inheritance from the early eastern dirham to Ilkhanid reckoning. Neither the shared word nor a gap in minting settles that relationship.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified drachm ancestry", "text": "Morony explicitly derives the Sasanian fiscal drahm from the Attic drachma spread east by Alexander and transmitted through Seleucids and Parthians. Admit compressed, qualified ancestry; intermediate identity boundaries and dates remain unresolved.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified drachm ancestry", "text": "Cribb traces medieval Indian dramma denominations through Sasanian imports; Deyell connects that branch to named Pratihara epigraphic forms. Combined with Siyadoni obligations, this supports qualified compressed ancestry through Hunnic and regional stages, not a direct Qom-to-India transfer.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "The inspected dossier does not establish this unit’s termination or a later successor.", "locator": null, "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V29-QOM-DRAHM-STER", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-QOM-DRAHM-STER", "label": "Sasanian and early Islamic eastern drahm–dirham reckoning", "navigation_group": "Iranian histories", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "The inspected dossier does not establish this unit’s termination or a later successor.", "locator": null, "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V29-QOM-DRAHM-STER", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1817", "C1818", "C1819", "C1855", "C2025", "C2026", "C2027", "C2028", "C2034", "C2039", "C2040" ], "source_ids": [ "S963", "S964", "S962", "S961", "S1058", "S1059", "S1060", "S1061", "S1062", "S1063", "S1064", "S1065", "S1066" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V36-004" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "summary": "Broaden the Qom profile to Sasanian and early Islamic eastern drahm–dirham reckoning. Retain local Qom documents and qualify earlier regional associations; neither uniform empire-wide values nor identical tax institutions are asserted." }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-EGYPT-BRONZE-DRACHMA", "label": "Late Ptolemaic and Augustan Egyptian bronze-drachma reckoning", "aliases": [ "Late Ptolemaic and Augustan Egyptian bronze-drachma reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V36-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1820", "C1821", "C1860", "C2038" ], "source_ids": [ "S967", "S1055" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS29-C1820-CUR-V29-EGYPT-BRONZE-DRACHMA--35", "scope": "BGU XIV 2376 distinguishes a 3,080-silver-drachma debt from five bronze talents for damages and expenses, demonstrating parallel account denominations.", "date": { "earliest_year": -35, "latest_year": -35, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-35" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1820" ], "source_ids": [ "S967" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1821-CUR-V29-EGYPT-BRONZE-DRACHMA-10", "scope": "O.Wilck. 1545 still uses the inherited bronze-decimal reckoning in 10 CE.", "date": { "earliest_year": 10, "latest_year": 10, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "10" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1821" ], "source_ids": [ "S967" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "BGU XIV 2376 distinguishes a 3,080-silver-drachma debt from five bronze talents for damages and expenses, demonstrating parallel account denominations.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "O.Wilck. 1545 still uses the inherited bronze-decimal reckoning in 10 CE.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "BGU XIV 2376 distinguishes a 3,080-silver-drachma debt from five bronze talents for damages and expenses, demonstrating parallel account denominations.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified drachm ancestry", "text": "The Egyptian copper-drachma account developed from silver reckoning, initially at a reported1:60 relation, while the silver account persisted. Its independent valuation supports a parallel child account. Late-third/early-second-century chronology is a research envelope.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "assertion": "Last evidence admitted here is not an abolition date.", "id": "CUR-V29-EGYPT-BRONZE-DRACHMA", "locator": "p. 211, BGU XIV 2376 and nn. 30–33", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1860" ], "source_ids": [ "S967" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision29 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-EGYPT-BRONZE-DRACHMA", "label": "Late Ptolemaic and Augustan Egyptian bronze-drachma reckoning", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "assertion": "Last evidence admitted here is not an abolition date.", "id": "CUR-V29-EGYPT-BRONZE-DRACHMA", "locator": "p. 211, BGU XIV 2376 and nn. 30–33", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1860" ], "source_ids": [ "S967" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision29 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1820", "C1821", "C1860", "C2038" ], "source_ids": [ "S967", "S1055" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-SARDIS-CHRYSOUS", "label": "Hellenistic Sardian chrysous account", "aliases": [ "Hellenistic Sardian chrysous account" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1822", "C1856", "C1861" ], "source_ids": [ "S969", "S491" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS29-C1822-CUR-V29-SARDIS-CHRYSOUS--200", "scope": "The Mnesimachos mortgage states a 1,325-chrysous principal, a 2,650-chrysous penalty, and gold valuations of produce and improvements. Tribute is also reckoned in chrysoi.", "date": { "earliest_year": -300, "latest_year": -200, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "Third-century BCE attestation envelope. The 2024 dossier chooses 214 BCE; excavation scholarship distinguishes an earlier mortgage from a later wall copy. Neither 316 BCE nor a political conquest is admitted as the account founding date.", "qualification_note": "Third-century BCE attestation envelope. The 2024 dossier chooses 214 BCE; excavation scholarship distinguishes an earlier mortgage from a later wall copy. Neither 316 BCE nor a political conquest is admitted as the account founding date." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1822" ], "source_ids": [ "S969", "S491" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The Mnesimachos mortgage states a 1,325-chrysous principal, a 2,650-chrysous penalty, and gold valuations of produce and improvements. Tribute is also reckoned in chrysoi.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "The Mnesimachos mortgage states a 1,325-chrysous principal, a 2,650-chrysous penalty, and gold valuations of produce and improvements. Tribute is also reckoned in chrysoi.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V29-SARDIS-CHRYSOUS", "assertion": "Local Sardian temple credit and estate assessments; not an assertion that every Hellenistic gold stater shared one currency identity. No complete account-unit termination established in this pass.", "locator": "Epigraphic Dossier no. 7, pp. 210–213, col. I 4–10 and col. II 1–19; CHANGE date fields", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1861" ], "source_ids": [ "S969", "S491" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision29 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-SARDIS-CHRYSOUS", "label": "Hellenistic Sardian chrysous account", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V29-SARDIS-CHRYSOUS", "assertion": "Local Sardian temple credit and estate assessments; not an assertion that every Hellenistic gold stater shared one currency identity. No complete account-unit termination established in this pass.", "locator": "Epigraphic Dossier no. 7, pp. 210–213, col. I 4–10 and col. II 1–19; CHANGE date fields", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1861" ], "source_ids": [ "S969", "S491" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision29 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1822", "C1856", "C1861" ], "source_ids": [ "S969", "S491" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-GOVARDHANA-KAHAPANA", "label": "Govardhana / Nasik kahapana account", "aliases": [ "Govardhana / Nasik kahapana account", "Taxila kārṣāpaṇa (candidate)", "Gandharan bent bars (context)", "Harappan weights (context)" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1823", "C1824", "C1857", "C2014", "C2035", "C2089", "C2090", "C2091" ], "source_ids": [ "S971", "S972", "S1041", "S913", "S1064", "S1067", "S1097", "S1096" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS29-C1823-CUR-V29-GOVARDHANA-KAHAPANA-120", "scope": "Ushavadata’s year42 inscription records3000 kahapanas as perpetual principal:2000 placed with one Govardhana weavers’ guild and1000 with another, with interest alone available to beneficiaries.", "date": { "earliest_year": 120, "latest_year": 120, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "Year 42 of the inscription; conventional circa 120 CE, absolute correlation qualified.", "qualification_note": "CE120 is conventional scholarly correlation, only indexed passage inspected; preserve original year42." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1823" ], "source_ids": [ "S971", "S972" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1824-CUR-V29-GOVARDHANA-KAHAPANA-120", "scope": "The endowment assigns twelve kahapanas for clothing to each of twenty resident monks; principal and recurring entitlement are denominated in the same local unit.", "date": { "earliest_year": 120, "latest_year": 120, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "Year 42 of the inscription; conventional circa 120 CE, absolute correlation qualified.", "qualification_note": "Same inscription year42; conventional circa120CE." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1824" ], "source_ids": [ "S971" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Ushavadata’s year42 inscription records3000 kahapanas as perpetual principal:2000 placed with one Govardhana weavers’ guild and1000 with another, with interest alone available to beneficiaries.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The endowment assigns twelve kahapanas for clothing to each of twenty resident monks; principal and recurring entitlement are denominated in the same local unit.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Contractual principal and periodic entitlement establish a local account unit. Do not equate every South Asian pana/karshapana by name.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Indian earlier and regional gaps", "text": "Delhi tanka to Suri rupee remains a promising account-continuity question. Ancient kahapana and the separate Afghan, Nepalese, Hyderabad and Patna regional lines require their own evidence; they are not assigned a Mughal parent by name alone.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Open bridge toward today’s rupees", "text": "Indo-Greek denominations spread into India, but De Romanis shows that drachm coins could circulate while accounts remained in karsapana. Neither that coin sequence nor a repeated dramma name establishes the missing medieval-to-Mughal account links.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Indian money distinguished in the treasury", "text": "Aï Khanoum records drachmas, kasapana taxaena and kasapana nandena separately. Their equivalence is disputed, and identifying taxaena specifically with Taxila remains qualified. Later Deccan kārṣāpaṇa accounting could persist despite changing Indo-Greek coin supplies. No Greek-to-Indian account conversion is inferred.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Gandharan coins and possible Persian influence", "text": "The British Museum’s guide notes shared standards between imported Persian and local Gandharan coins and proposes possible influence. This supports a metrological/transmission candidate; it does not yet demonstrate that a named Gandharan account unit inherited Persian obligations.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Harappan weights are not a currency genealogy", "text": "Kenoyer documents standardized Harappan weights. The inspected evidence does not establish a named monetary account or the later inheritance of kārṣāpaṇa. Hold a Harappan→Gandharan→rupee chain; this does not assert an absence of exchange or accounting.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Inspected attestations do not establish termination or successor.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V29-GOVARDHANA-KAHAPANA", "locator": "See account observation.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-GOVARDHANA-KAHAPANA", "label": "Govardhana / Nasik kahapana account", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Inspected attestations do not establish termination or successor.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V29-GOVARDHANA-KAHAPANA", "locator": "See account observation.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1823", "C1824", "C1857", "C2014", "C2035", "C2089", "C2090", "C2091" ], "source_ids": [ "S971", "S972", "S1041", "S913", "S1064", "S1067", "S1097", "S1096" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-UMMA-SILVER-SHEKEL", "label": "Ur III Umma silver-shekel reckoning", "aliases": [ "Ur III Umma silver-shekel reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1825", "C1826", "C1847", "C1858" ], "source_ids": [ "S973", "S975" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS29-C1825-CUR-V29-UMMA-SILVER-SHEKEL--2000", "scope": "Umma account MVN1,240 values72gur of dates at one mina of silver and30gur of barley at two-thirds mina, includes other goods in silver, and totals debits in silver minas and shekels.", "date": { "earliest_year": -2100, "latest_year": -2000, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-2100–-2000", "qualification_note": "Actual regnal date Amar-Suen8,month12; broad CDLI UrIII period retained to avoid unverified absolute chronology." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1825" ], "source_ids": [ "S973" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS29-C1826-CUR-V29-UMMA-SILVER-SHEKEL--2000", "scope": "The same document records a debit assigned to Lu-Ninshubur, an account credit in silver, and a concluding expenditure total and deficit, establishing monetary accounting beyond mere weighed-silver inventory.", "date": { "earliest_year": -2100, "latest_year": -2000, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-2100–-2000" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1826" ], "source_ids": [ "S973" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Umma account MVN1,240 values72gur of dates at one mina of silver and30gur of barley at two-thirds mina, includes other goods in silver, and totals debits in silver minas and shekels.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The same document records a debit assigned to Lu-Ninshubur, an account credit in silver, and a concluding expenditure total and deficit, establishing monetary accounting beyond mere weighed-silver inventory.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Cripps distinguishes Girsu institutional barley accounting from Umma merchant silver accounting. Shared exchange calculations do not make these a chronological succession or a single universal Mesopotamian currency.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Different commodities and balances share a silver denomination. Mina is a scale within this account, not an additional currency node.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Inspected attestations do not establish termination or successor.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V29-UMMA-SILVER-SHEKEL", "locator": "See account observation.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-UMMA-SILVER-SHEKEL", "label": "Ur III Umma silver-shekel reckoning", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Inspected attestations do not establish termination or successor.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V29-UMMA-SILVER-SHEKEL", "locator": "See account observation.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1825", "C1826", "C1847", "C1858" ], "source_ids": [ "S973", "S975" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-GIRSU-BARLEY-GUR", "label": "Ur III Girsu barley-gur reckoning", "aliases": [ "Ur III Girsu barley-gur reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1827", "C1848", "C1859" ], "source_ids": [ "S974", "S975" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS29-C1827-CUR-V29-GIRSU-BARLEY-GUR--2000", "scope": "Girsu MVN8,179 offsets a barley obligation of1826⅓sila with silver credited as1450sila of barley and delivery of376⅓sila. Barley remains the account denomination while silver can settle part of the obligation.", "date": { "earliest_year": -2100, "latest_year": -2000, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "-2100–-2000", "qualification_note": "Catalog accounting period Šulgi45–48; broad UrIII period for absolute years." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1827" ], "source_ids": [ "S974", "S975" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Girsu MVN8,179 offsets a barley obligation of1826⅓sila with silver credited as1450sila of barley and delivery of376⅓sila. Barley remains the account denomination while silver can settle part of the obligation.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Cripps distinguishes Girsu institutional barley accounting from Umma merchant silver accounting. Shared exchange calculations do not make these a chronological succession or a single universal Mesopotamian currency.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Barley-denominated obligations can be discharged partly in silver; exceeds a simple commodity inventory. No universal barley currency asserted.", "report_url": "/revision-29/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Inspected attestations do not establish termination or successor.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V29-GIRSU-BARLEY-GUR", "locator": "See account observation.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V29-GIRSU-BARLEY-GUR", "label": "Ur III Girsu barley-gur reckoning", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Inspected attestations do not establish termination or successor.", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V29-GIRSU-BARLEY-GUR", "locator": "See account observation.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1827", "C1848", "C1859" ], "source_ids": [ "S974", "S975" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V30-LEVANT-SULTANI", "label": "Ottoman Levantine sultani gold account", "aliases": [ "Ottoman Levantine sultani gold account" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1862", "C1874", "C1875", "C1889" ], "source_ids": [ "S980" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS30-C1862-CUR-V30-LEVANT-SULTANI-1583", "scope": "A Damascus attestation dated 26 October 1583 denominates a one-year debt in 412½ sultanis.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1583, "latest_year": 1583, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1583" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1862" ], "source_ids": [ "S980" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS30-C1874-CUR-V30-LEVANT-SULTANI-1587", "scope": "Khudāwardī Bey’s Jerusalem endowment valued capital held as 8,000 Shami paras at 200 sultanis, with expected annual proceeds of 30 sultanis.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1587, "latest_year": 1587, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1587" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1874" ], "source_ids": [ "S980" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS30-C1875-CUR-V30-LEVANT-SULTANI-1588", "scope": "Fāṭima’s Jerusalem account aggregates silver-para assets and maintenance expenses in gold sultanis; the remaining capital is lent for another year.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1588, "latest_year": 1588, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1588" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1875" ], "source_ids": [ "S980" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A Damascus attestation dated 26 October 1583 denominates a one-year debt in 412½ sultanis.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Khudāwardī Bey’s Jerusalem endowment valued capital held as 8,000 Shami paras at 200 sultanis, with expected annual proceeds of 30 sultanis.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Fāṭima’s Jerusalem account aggregates silver-para assets and maintenance expenses in gold sultanis; the remaining capital is lent for another year.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "A Damascus attestation dated 26 October 1583 denominates a one-year debt in 412½ sultanis.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "assertion": "Neither cessation of coin production nor the latest admitted account proves termination of obligations.", "id": "CUR-V30-LEVANT-SULTANI", "locator": "Printed pp. 195–196, n. 439; Damascus court record D-1-38-2", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1889" ], "source_ids": [ "S980" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision30 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V30-LEVANT-SULTANI", "label": "Ottoman Levantine sultani gold account", "navigation_group": "Ottoman", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "assertion": "Neither cessation of coin production nor the latest admitted account proves termination of obligations.", "id": "CUR-V30-LEVANT-SULTANI", "locator": "Printed pp. 195–196, n. 439; Damascus court record D-1-38-2", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1889" ], "source_ids": [ "S980" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision30 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1862", "C1874", "C1875", "C1889" ], "source_ids": [ "S980" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V30-SERBIAN-GROS-ACCOUNT", "label": "Serbian groš accounting — tax and market conventions", "aliases": [ "Serbian groš accounting — tax and market conventions" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V30-001", "R-V30-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1863", "C1882", "C1883", "C1888", "C1890" ], "source_ids": [ "S983" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS30-C1863-CUR-V30-SERBIAN-GROS-ACCOUNT-1833", "scope": "Serbia introduced local tax and market groš conventions in 1833, initially related 2:1 and divided into 40 and 20 tax para respectively. They belong in one local account profile under the no-scale-only-node policy.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1833, "latest_year": 1833, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1833" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1863" ], "source_ids": [ "S983" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Serbia introduced local tax and market groš conventions in 1833, initially related 2:1 and divided into 40 and 20 tax para respectively. They belong in one local account profile under the no-scale-only-node policy.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "No demonstrated independent variation of tax and market currencies;2:1 scales share tax para. Preserve both convention-specific terminal conversions without multiplying identities.", "report_url": "/revision-30/index.html" } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": [ 1878, 1879 ], "assertion": "Serbian groš accounts were converted into dinar accounts under the 1878 law, implemented in 1879; residual contract and redemption details are not completely audited.", "locator": "pp101–102", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000254" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V30-SERBIAN-GROS-ACCOUNT", "claim_ids": [ "C1890" ], "source_ids": [ "S983" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision30 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V30-SERBIAN-GROS-ACCOUNT", "label": "Serbian groš accounting — tax and market conventions", "navigation_group": "Ottoman", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000256", "FTM000258", "FTM000313", "FTM000387" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_documented", "ending_years": [ 1878, 1879 ], "assertion": "Serbian groš accounts were converted into dinar accounts under the 1878 law, implemented in 1879; residual contract and redemption details are not completely audited.", "locator": "pp101–102", "successor_ids": [ "FTM000254" ], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V30-SERBIAN-GROS-ACCOUNT", "claim_ids": [ "C1890" ], "source_ids": [ "S983" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision30 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1863", "C1882", "C1883", "C1888", "C1890" ], "source_ids": [ "S983" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V30-002" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-LEONESE-SILVER-SOLIDUS", "label": "Astur-Leonese and Castilian solidus–dinero accounting", "aliases": [ "Astur-Leonese silver-solidus accounting", "Astur-Leonese and Castilian solidus–dinero accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH34-C1984", "label": "leon1086", "date": { "earliest_year": 1086, "latest_year": 1086, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1086" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1984" ], "source_ids": [ "S993" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH34-C1985", "label": "leon1102", "date": { "earliest_year": 1102, "latest_year": 1102, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1102" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1985" ], "source_ids": [ "S993" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V34-007" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1891", "C1892", "C1953", "C1983", "C1984", "C1985", "C1993", "C1995", "C2095" ], "source_ids": [ "S993", "S1032", "S1033" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS31-C1891-CUR-V31-LEONESE-SILVER-SOLIDUS-894", "scope": "León charter prices an enclosure and two houses at four silver solidi.", "date": { "earliest_year": 894, "latest_year": 894, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "894" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1891" ], "source_ids": [ "S993" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1892-CUR-V31-LEONESE-SILVER-SOLIDUS-946", "scope": "Sahagún land purchase is discharged with a horse and bridle valued at 50 solidi, demonstrating valuation apart from coins.", "date": { "earliest_year": 946, "latest_year": 946, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "946" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1892" ], "source_ids": [ "S993" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS34-C1984-CUR-V31-LEONESE-SILVER-SOLIDUS-1086", "scope": "A San Millán sale of 1086 states 14 silver solidi plus a supplementary 14 denarii. Todesca reproduces the wording and references the charter edition (p. 179, note 40).", "date": { "earliest_year": 1086, "latest_year": 1086, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1086" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1984" ], "source_ids": [ "S993" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS34-C1985-CUR-V31-LEONESE-SILVER-SOLIDUS-1102", "scope": "A Sahagún sale of 1102 records two silver solidi plus six denarii as a supplementary payment. Todesca cites a non-cartulary version, perhaps original (p. 180, note 43).", "date": { "earliest_year": 1102, "latest_year": 1102, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1102" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1985" ], "source_ids": [ "S993" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "León charter prices an enclosure and two houses at four silver solidi.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Sahagún land purchase is discharged with a horse and bridle valued at 50 solidi, demonstrating valuation apart from coins.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "leon_identity", "text": "Todesca argues that denarius replaced argentus in León-Castile notarial vocabulary around 1100 without necessarily introducing a new monetary unit. Extend the existing scoped solidus profile through these denier accounts; earlier regional ancestry remains disputed.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "leon1086", "text": "A San Millán sale of 1086 states 14 silver solidi plus a supplementary 14 denarii. Todesca reproduces the wording and references the charter edition (p. 179, note 40).", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "leon1102", "text": "A Sahagún sale of 1102 records two silver solidi plus six denarii as a supplementary payment. Todesca cites a non-cartulary version, perhaps original (p. 180, note 43).", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "leon_castile", "text": "Castilian maravedí accounting gradually replaced the earlier solidus–dinero system. Admit account replacement with uncertain timing; 1100–1500 is a research envelope, not an observed conversion interval.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "held_early_iberia", "text": "The reviewed evidence does not settle Visigothic-to-Astur-Leonese or Galician account continuity, nor the immediate León-to-Portugal identity boundary. Retain these as unresolved questions, not evidence of unrelated origins.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "Northwestern Iberia: a specific unresolved transmission", "text": "Todesca proposes Frankish denarii behind some Galician and Astur-Leonese silver reckoning, but presents this as a hypothesis. The name gallicanus, possible French coins and twelve-part accounting do not settle which predecessor unit was inherited. The Visigothic-to-northwestern-Iberian boundary therefore remains open; neither a disconnected origin nor extinction is inferred.", "report_url": "/revision-41/index.html" } ], "identity_scope_notes": [ { "id": "CUR-V31-LEONESE-SILVER-SOLIDUS", "assertion": "Regional contractual unit; neither a realm-wide coinissue nor a genericRoman solidus. ", "revision": 31 } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V31-LEONESE-SILVER-SOLIDUS", "assertion": " No complete account-unit termination established in this pass.", "locator": "See account observation.", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1953" ], "source_ids": [ "S993" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision31 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-LEONESE-SILVER-SOLIDUS", "label": "Astur-Leonese and Castilian solidus–dinero accounting", "navigation_group": "Iberian account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000061", "FTM000070", "FTM000071", "FTM000075", "FTM000077", "FTM000081", "FTM000083", "FTM000092", "FTM000100", "FTM000113", "FTM000114", "FTM000140", "FTM000143", "FTM000171", "FTM000264", "FTM000293", "FTM000294", "FTM000340", "FTM000350", "FTM000387", "T-FTM000459", "T-FTM000464", "T-FTM000466", "T-FTM000478", "T-FTM000481", "T-FTM000500", "T-FTM000501", "T-FTM000502", "T-FTM000503", "T-FTM000515", "T-FTM000516", "T-FTM000519", "T-FTM000520", "T-FTM000525", "T-FTM000532" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V31-LEONESE-SILVER-SOLIDUS", "assertion": " No complete account-unit termination established in this pass.", "locator": "See account observation.", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1953" ], "source_ids": [ "S993" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision31 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1891", "C1892", "C1953", "C1983", "C1984", "C1985", "C1993", "C1995", "C2095" ], "source_ids": [ "S993", "S1032", "S1033" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V34-007" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." }, "summary": "Todesca argues that denarius replaced argentus in León-Castile notarial vocabulary around 1100 without necessarily introducing a new monetary unit. Extend the existing scoped solidus profile through these denier accounts; earlier regional ancestry remains disputed." }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-GALICIAN-SOLIDUS", "label": "Galician solidus accounting", "aliases": [ "Galician solidus accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1893", "C1894", "C1954", "C2095" ], "source_ids": [ "S993", "S1033" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS31-C1893-CUR-V31-GALICIAN-SOLIDUS-905", "scope": "A church sale specifies 25 Gallician solidi, discharged in cloth,silver and cattle.", "date": { "earliest_year": 905, "latest_year": 905, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "905" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1893" ], "source_ids": [ "S993" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1894-CUR-V31-GALICIAN-SOLIDUS-962", "scope": "Sobrado charter records an estate price of eight solidi according to Galician usage.", "date": { "earliest_year": 962, "latest_year": 962, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "962" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1894" ], "source_ids": [ "S993" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A church sale specifies 25 Gallician solidi, discharged in cloth,silver and cattle.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Sobrado charter records an estate price of eight solidi according to Galician usage.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Northwestern Iberia: a specific unresolved transmission", "text": "Todesca proposes Frankish denarii behind some Galician and Astur-Leonese silver reckoning, but presents this as a hypothesis. The name gallicanus, possible French coins and twelve-part accounting do not settle which predecessor unit was inherited. The Visigothic-to-northwestern-Iberian boundary therefore remains open; neither a disconnected origin nor extinction is inferred.", "report_url": "/revision-41/index.html" } ], "identity_scope_notes": [ { "id": "CUR-V31-GALICIAN-SOLIDUS", "assertion": "Regional contractual unit; neither a realm-wide coinissue nor a genericRoman solidus. ", "revision": 31 } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V31-GALICIAN-SOLIDUS", "assertion": " No complete account-unit termination established in this pass.", "locator": "See account observation.", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1954" ], "source_ids": [ "S993" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision31 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-GALICIAN-SOLIDUS", "label": "Galician solidus accounting", "navigation_group": "Iberian account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V31-GALICIAN-SOLIDUS", "assertion": " No complete account-unit termination established in this pass.", "locator": "See account observation.", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1954" ], "source_ids": [ "S993" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision31 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1893", "C1894", "C1954", "C2095" ], "source_ids": [ "S993", "S1033" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA", "label": "Barcelona diner–sou–lliura accounting", "aliases": [ "Barcelona diner–sou–lliura accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V31-002", "CTX-V31-016" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1895", "C1896", "C1897", "C1898", "C1899", "C1900", "C1901", "C1944", "C1946", "C1949", "C1955", "C1989" ], "source_ids": [ "S999", "S1000", "S1001", "S1002", "S1032" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS31-C1895-CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA-972", "scope": "Barcelona cathedral sale charters record 10 denarii and 1 solidus 3 denarii respectively: actual transaction prices.", "date": { "earliest_year": 972, "latest_year": 972, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "972" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1895" ], "source_ids": [ "S999" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1896-CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA-991", "scope": "A Barcelona sale names denarios curribiles, documenting a local denomination convention without proving a new account identity.", "date": { "earliest_year": 991, "latest_year": 991, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "991" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1896" ], "source_ids": [ "S999" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1897-CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA-1404", "scope": "The Taula ledger credits Arnau Esquerit 35 lliures for salary on 8 August; another entry values 10 florins cash as 5 lliures 10 sous. These are accounts distinct from settlement instruments.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1404, "latest_year": 1404, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1404" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1897" ], "source_ids": [ "S1000" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1898-CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA-1404", "scope": "Joaneta’s dowry transfer on 7 July is entered as 600 lliures in linked debit and credit accounts.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1404, "latest_year": 1404, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1404" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1898" ], "source_ids": [ "S1000" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1899-CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA-1835", "scope": "The 21 May deed imposes 1600 libras annual rent, payable in Spanish gold or silver coin: account denomination and settlement medium are distinguished.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1835, "latest_year": 1835, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1835" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1899" ], "source_ids": [ "S1001" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1900-CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA-1842", "scope": "The 8 March deed specifies 210 libras catalanas annual rent.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1842, "latest_year": 1842, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1842" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1900" ], "source_ids": [ "S1001" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1901-CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA-1878", "scope": "The 31 July confirmation preserves an annual 1 libra rent and gives its equivalent as 2 pesetas 67 céntimos. This is a specific contractual valuation, not a universal extinction date.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1878, "latest_year": 1878, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1878" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1901" ], "source_ids": [ "S1001" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Barcelona cathedral sale charters record 10 denarii and 1 solidus 3 denarii respectively: actual transaction prices.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A Barcelona sale names denarios curribiles, documenting a local denomination convention without proving a new account identity.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The Taula ledger credits Arnau Esquerit 35 lliures for salary on 8 August; another entry values 10 florins cash as 5 lliures 10 sous. These are accounts distinct from settlement instruments.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Joaneta’s dowry transfer on 7 July is entered as 600 lliures in linked debit and credit accounts.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The 21 May deed imposes 1600 libras annual rent, payable in Spanish gold or silver coin: account denomination and settlement medium are distinguished.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The 8 March deed specifies 210 libras catalanas annual rent.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The 31 July confirmation preserves an annual 1 libra rent and gives its equivalent as 2 pesetas 67 céntimos. This is a specific contractual valuation, not a universal extinction date.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Account-reckoning transmission", "text": "The 1878 surviving rent is stated both in libra and peseta terms; retain as contractual equivalence unless further evidence establishes actual general account replacement.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Local Barcelona accounting tradition, grouping its money-of-account denominations. Regional scope does not include every Catalan county or imply stable purchasing power, metal content or an unchanged coin standard.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "frankish_barcelona", "text": "Catalan denier–solidus–libra accounting extends the Carolingian system. Retain the Barcelona branch and qualify the regional separation chronology.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" } ], "identity_scope_notes": [ { "id": "CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA", "assertion": "Grouping medieval Barcelona and later Catalan lliura accounts is a regional continuity synthesis, corroborated by the museum’s explicit long-duration statement; no separate node for each denomination, coin type or bank issuer. ", "revision": 31 } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "code": "CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA", "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Inspected late contracts retain libra wording alongside peseta valuation; a completed general termination is not established.", "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA", "claim_ids": [ "C1955" ], "source_ids": [ "S1001" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision31 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA", "label": "Barcelona diner–sou–lliura accounting", "navigation_group": "Iberian account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "code": "CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA", "status": "ending_unresolved", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "Inspected late contracts retain libra wording alongside peseta valuation; a completed general termination is not established.", "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V31-BARCELONA-LLIURA", "claim_ids": [ "C1955" ], "source_ids": [ "S1001" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision31 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1895", "C1896", "C1897", "C1898", "C1899", "C1900", "C1901", "C1944", "C1946", "C1949", "C1955", "C1989" ], "source_ids": [ "S999", "S1000", "S1001", "S1002", "S1032" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-ARAGONESE-JACA-ACCOUNT", "label": "Aragonese Jaca account money", "aliases": [ "Aragonese Jaca account money" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V34-006" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1902", "C1903", "C1904", "C1937", "C1992" ], "source_ids": [ "S1003", "S1006", "S1032" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS31-C1902-CUR-V31-ARAGONESE-JACA-ACCOUNT-1263", "scope": "An Egea notarial appointment imposed an annual payment of 20 Jaca sous.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1263, "latest_year": 1263, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1263" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1902" ], "source_ids": [ "S1003" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1903-CUR-V31-ARAGONESE-JACA-ACCOUNT-1272", "scope": "A Jaca granary clerk was assigned four Jaca denarii daily.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1272, "latest_year": 1272, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1272" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1903" ], "source_ids": [ "S1003" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1904-CUR-V31-ARAGONESE-JACA-ACCOUNT-1790", "scope": "A commercial manual separately describes Jaca, Valencian and Mallorcan pound reckoning. It gives conversions among Aragon, Valencia, Catalonia and Castilian vellón; Mallorcan and Catalan pounds are separately valued.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1790, "latest_year": 1790, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1790" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1904" ], "source_ids": [ "S1006" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "An Egea notarial appointment imposed an annual payment of 20 Jaca sous.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A Jaca granary clerk was assigned four Jaca denarii daily.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A commercial manual separately describes Jaca, Valencian and Mallorcan pound reckoning. It gives conversions among Aragon, Valencia, Catalonia and Castilian vellón; Mallorcan and Catalan pounds are separately valued.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The reported Valencian-sou exchange equivalents in Barcelona and Jaca money changed between 1247 and 1310. These were distinct local account systems, not fixed scales of one currency.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "frankish_jaca", "text": "The regional denier–solidus–libra system has Carolingian ancestry. This compressed ancestry link leaves intervening stages and the immediate parent unresolved; it does not establish direct siblinghood.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" } ], "identity_scope_notes": [ { "id": "CUR-V31-ARAGONESE-JACA-ACCOUNT", "assertion": "Jaca and Aragon fiscal and contractual accounts; do not equate all Crown of Aragon territories with this currency Pound, sou and diner are scales within one identity; kings, mints, political realms and denomination changes do not create additional nodes.", "revision": 31 } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "assertion": "Later commercial-account evidence remains; termination requires separate evidence.", "id": "CUR-V31-ARAGONESE-JACA-ACCOUNT", "locator": "See account observation.", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-ARAGONESE-JACA-ACCOUNT", "label": "Aragonese Jaca account money", "navigation_group": "Iberian account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "assertion": "Later commercial-account evidence remains; termination requires separate evidence.", "id": "CUR-V31-ARAGONESE-JACA-ACCOUNT", "locator": "See account observation.", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1902", "C1903", "C1904", "C1937", "C1992" ], "source_ids": [ "S1003", "S1006", "S1032" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-VALENCIAN-ACCOUNT", "label": "Valencian account money", "aliases": [ "Valencian account money" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V41-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1905", "C1906", "C1907", "C1908", "C1938", "C1939", "C2098" ], "source_ids": [ "S1005", "S1003", "S1006", "S1032" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS31-C1905-CUR-V31-VALENCIAN-ACCOUNT-1247", "scope": "The new Valencian money served Valencia and Mallorca; sou-and-pound reckoning is traced to Jaime I.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1247, "latest_year": 1247, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1247" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1905" ], "source_ids": [ "S1005" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1906-CUR-V31-VALENCIAN-ACCOUNT-1288", "scope": "A Palma will required repayment of 21 pounds of Valencian reials held under a commanda charter.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1288, "latest_year": 1288, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1288" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1906" ], "source_ids": [ "S1003" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1908-CUR-V31-VALENCIAN-ACCOUNT-1790", "scope": "A commercial manual separately describes Jaca, Valencian and Mallorcan pound reckoning. It gives conversions among Aragon, Valencia, Catalonia and Castilian vellón; Mallorcan and Catalan pounds are separately valued.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1790, "latest_year": 1790, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1790" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1908" ], "source_ids": [ "S1006" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The new Valencian money served Valencia and Mallorca; sou-and-pound reckoning is traced to Jaime I.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A Palma will required repayment of 21 pounds of Valencian reials held under a commanda charter.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Valencian sou-and-pound accounting continued after Nueva Planta. Political annexation does not supply an account-unit ending.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A commercial manual separately describes Jaca, Valencian and Mallorcan pound reckoning. It gives conversions among Aragon, Valencia, Catalonia and Castilian vellón; Mallorcan and Catalan pounds are separately valued.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The reported Valencian-sou exchange equivalents in Barcelona and Jaca money changed between 1247 and 1310. These were distinct local account systems, not fixed scales of one currency.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Mallorcan diners gradually displaced Valencian diners under Jaime II. This is a documented coin succession; the inspected text supplies no conversion rule for outstanding accounts.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier European account ancestry", "text": "Qualified Frankish ancestry of Valencian accounting through the Crown of Catalonia-Aragon: MEC6 identifies Carolingian-derived accounts and their regional diner basis. Intermediates and conversion terms remain open; 800–1300 is a research envelope, not a foundation date.", "report_url": "/revision-41/index.html" } ], "identity_scope_notes": [ { "id": "CUR-V31-VALENCIAN-ACCOUNT", "assertion": "Valencian account identity, also used contractually in Mallorca in 1288; not confined to political Valencia Pound, sou and diner are scales within one identity; kings, mints, political realms and denomination changes do not create additional nodes.", "revision": 31 } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "assertion": "Later commercial-account evidence remains; termination requires separate evidence.", "id": "CUR-V31-VALENCIAN-ACCOUNT", "locator": "See account observation.", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-VALENCIAN-ACCOUNT", "label": "Valencian account money", "navigation_group": "Iberian account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "assertion": "Later commercial-account evidence remains; termination requires separate evidence.", "id": "CUR-V31-VALENCIAN-ACCOUNT", "locator": "See account observation.", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1905", "C1906", "C1907", "C1908", "C1938", "C1939", "C2098" ], "source_ids": [ "S1005", "S1003", "S1006", "S1032" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-MALLORCAN-ACCOUNT", "label": "Mallorcan account money", "aliases": [ "Mallorcan account money" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V41-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1909", "C1910", "C1911", "C1912", "C1940", "C2099" ], "source_ids": [ "S1004", "S1006", "S1005", "S1032" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS31-C1909-CUR-V31-MALLORCAN-ACCOUNT-1330", "scope": "Royal treasury ledgers record receipts, expenditure and obligations in Mallorcan pounds, sous and diners. Payments denominated in Barcelona money receive Mallorcan equivalents or exchange rates.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1310, "latest_year": 1330, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1310–1330" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1909" ], "source_ids": [ "S1004" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1910-CUR-V31-MALLORCAN-ACCOUNT-1318", "scope": "The annual account balance, 8,633 pounds 17 sous, was entered as debt owed to the royal treasurer.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1318, "latest_year": 1318, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1318" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1910" ], "source_ids": [ "S1004" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1911-CUR-V31-MALLORCAN-ACCOUNT-1330", "scope": "One account pound comprised twenty sous, each twelve diners; these are subdivisions within the profile.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1310, "latest_year": 1330, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1310–1330" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1911" ], "source_ids": [ "S1004" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1912-CUR-V31-MALLORCAN-ACCOUNT-1790", "scope": "A commercial manual separately describes Jaca, Valencian and Mallorcan pound reckoning. It gives conversions among Aragon, Valencia, Catalonia and Castilian vellón; Mallorcan and Catalan pounds are separately valued.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1790, "latest_year": 1790, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1790" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1912" ], "source_ids": [ "S1006" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Royal treasury ledgers record receipts, expenditure and obligations in Mallorcan pounds, sous and diners. Payments denominated in Barcelona money receive Mallorcan equivalents or exchange rates.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The annual account balance, 8,633 pounds 17 sous, was entered as debt owed to the royal treasurer.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "One account pound comprised twenty sous, each twelve diners; these are subdivisions within the profile.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A commercial manual separately describes Jaca, Valencian and Mallorcan pound reckoning. It gives conversions among Aragon, Valencia, Catalonia and Castilian vellón; Mallorcan and Catalan pounds are separately valued.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Mallorcan diners gradually displaced Valencian diners under Jaime II. This is a documented coin succession; the inspected text supplies no conversion rule for outstanding accounts.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier European account ancestry", "text": "Qualified Frankish ancestry of Mallorcan accounting through the Crown of Catalonia-Aragon: MEC6's account-system synthesis supports the older ancestry. This does not establish Valencia as the immediate parent or turn coin replacement into debt conversion. The 800–1300 research envelope is not a foundation date.", "report_url": "/revision-41/index.html" } ], "identity_scope_notes": [ { "id": "CUR-V31-MALLORCAN-ACCOUNT", "assertion": "Mallorcan royal treasury and commercial account system; separately valued from Barcelona money Pound, sou and diner are scales within one identity; kings, mints, political realms and denomination changes do not create additional nodes.", "revision": 31 } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "assertion": "Later commercial-account evidence remains; termination requires separate evidence.", "id": "CUR-V31-MALLORCAN-ACCOUNT", "locator": "See account observation.", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-MALLORCAN-ACCOUNT", "label": "Mallorcan account money", "navigation_group": "Iberian account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "assertion": "Later commercial-account evidence remains; termination requires separate evidence.", "id": "CUR-V31-MALLORCAN-ACCOUNT", "locator": "See account observation.", "ending_years": null, "successor_ids": [], "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "assessment_scope": "Editorial boundary of this source pass; no historical termination inferred." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1909", "C1910", "C1911", "C1912", "C1940", "C2099" ], "source_ids": [ "S1004", "S1006", "S1005", "S1032" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-CORDOBAN-DINAR-DIRHAM", "label": "Cordoban dinar-dirham accounting", "aliases": [ "Cordoban dinar-dirham accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1913", "C1914", "C1915", "C1950", "C1956" ], "source_ids": [ "S1007" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS31-C1913-CUR-V31-CORDOBAN-DINAR-DIRHAM-916", "scope": "Ibn Hayyan's famine account states Cordoban wheat prices in dinar-dirham duhl arbaʿin.", "date": { "earliest_year": 916, "latest_year": 916, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "916" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1913" ], "source_ids": [ "S1007" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1914-CUR-V31-CORDOBAN-DINAR-DIRHAM-973", "scope": "A December 973 monthly pension is stated as 200 dinars of this reckoning.", "date": { "earliest_year": 973, "latest_year": 973, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "973" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1914" ], "source_ids": [ "S1007" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1915-CUR-V31-CORDOBAN-DINAR-DIRHAM-996", "scope": "Ibn al-Attar's formulary retains this accounting terminology in Cordoban notarial practice.", "date": { "earliest_year": 995, "latest_year": 996, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "995–996" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1915" ], "source_ids": [ "S1007" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Ibn Hayyan's famine account states Cordoban wheat prices in dinar-dirham duhl arbaʿin.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A December 973 monthly pension is stated as 200 dinars of this reckoning.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Ibn al-Attar's formulary retains this accounting terminology in Cordoban notarial practice.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Dated prices and liabilities establish an account unit independently of mint issues.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" } ], "identity_scope_notes": [ { "id": "CUR-V31-CORDOBAN-DINAR-DIRHAM", "assertion": "Documented Cordoban price, fiscal and pension reckoning; no claim that all Umayyad or Andalusi coins constituted this identity. ", "revision": 31 } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "successor_ids": [], "assertion": "No inspected record establishes abolition or conversion into a later unit.", "id": "CUR-V31-CORDOBAN-DINAR-DIRHAM", "locator": "p118 section2.2", "ending_years": null, "claim_ids": [ "C1956" ], "source_ids": [ "S1007" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision31 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-CORDOBAN-DINAR-DIRHAM", "label": "Cordoban dinar-dirham accounting", "navigation_group": "Iberian account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "successor_ids": [], "assertion": "No inspected record establishes abolition or conversion into a later unit.", "id": "CUR-V31-CORDOBAN-DINAR-DIRHAM", "locator": "p118 section2.2", "ending_years": null, "claim_ids": [ "C1956" ], "source_ids": [ "S1007" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision31 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1913", "C1914", "C1915", "C1950", "C1956" ], "source_ids": [ "S1007" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-GRANADA-DIRHAM-ACCOUNT", "label": "Granadan dirham–dinar / pesante reckoning", "aliases": [ "Granadan dirham–dinar / pesante reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C1916", "C1917", "C1918", "C1951", "C1952", "C1957" ], "source_ids": [ "S1008", "S1010", "S1009" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS31-C1916-CUR-V31-GRANADA-DIRHAM-ACCOUNT-1326", "scope": "An Algeciras act dated 7 January 1326 prices half a mill and orchard at 370 current Granadan silver dinars, payable in monthly instalments; a related lease requires six dinars monthly.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1326, "latest_year": 1326, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1326" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1916" ], "source_ids": [ "S1008", "S1010" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1917-CUR-V31-GRANADA-DIRHAM-ACCOUNT-1497", "scope": "A debt register converts an older 60-pesante liability into 20 new pesantes, evidencing obligation continuity across the monetary reform.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1494, "latest_year": 1497, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1494–1497" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1917" ], "source_ids": [ "S1009" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1918-CUR-V31-GRANADA-DIRHAM-ACCOUNT-1496", "scope": "Ferreira and Poqueira tax collections remained recorded in pesantes, dineros and foluces.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1496, "latest_year": 1496, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1496" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1918" ], "source_ids": [ "S1009" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "An Algeciras act dated 7 January 1326 prices half a mill and orchard at 370 current Granadan silver dinars, payable in monthly instalments; a related lease requires six dinars monthly.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A debt register converts an older 60-pesante liability into 20 new pesantes, evidencing obligation continuity across the monetary reform.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Ferreira and Poqueira tax collections remained recorded in pesantes, dineros and foluces.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "Purchase and rental obligations establish account use.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Unit-of-account identity review", "text": "The silver account dinar equals 10 dirhams; the nominal gold dinar at customary silver exchange equals 75. These interchangeable scales differ from actual gold coins with fluctuating prices.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" } ], "identity_scope_notes": [ { "id": "CUR-V31-GRANADA-DIRHAM-ACCOUNT", "assertion": "Granadan regional contractual accounting, including Algeciras and documented post-conquest use. Fixed account scales belong to one profile. ", "revision": 31 } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "successor_ids": [], "assertion": "1492 is not assigned as a currency ending date; later accounting remains attested.", "id": "CUR-V31-GRANADA-DIRHAM-ACCOUNT", "locator": "García Sanjuán pp13–15; Jiménez Puertas2025 section2", "ending_years": null, "claim_ids": [ "C1957" ], "source_ids": [ "S1008", "S1009" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision31 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-GRANADA-DIRHAM-ACCOUNT", "label": "Granadan dirham–dinar / pesante reckoning", "navigation_group": "Iberian account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "family_fate": "not_established", "successor_ids": [], "assertion": "1492 is not assigned as a currency ending date; later accounting remains attested.", "id": "CUR-V31-GRANADA-DIRHAM-ACCOUNT", "locator": "García Sanjuán pp13–15; Jiménez Puertas2025 section2", "ending_years": null, "claim_ids": [ "C1957" ], "source_ids": [ "S1008", "S1009" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision31 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1916", "C1917", "C1918", "C1951", "C1952", "C1957" ], "source_ids": [ "S1008", "S1010", "S1009" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT", "label": "Navarrese denier–libra and real accounting", "aliases": [ "Navarrese denier–libra and real accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V34-005" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1919", "C1920", "C1921", "C1922", "C1923", "C1924", "C1925", "C1926", "C1927", "C1928", "C1958", "C1991" ], "source_ids": [ "S1012", "S1013", "S1014", "S1015", "S1017", "S1018", "S1032" ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS31-C1919-CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT-1198", "scope": "A 31 December 1198 royal receipt acknowledges 70, 000 sanchete sueldos from the bishop of Pamplona and declares payment satisfied. This directly establishes a Navarrese monetary payment unit.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1198, "latest_year": 1198, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1198" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1919" ], "source_ids": [ "S1012" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1920-CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT-1264", "scope": "Tudela’s monedaje charter assesses two morabetinos, expressly equivalent to 15 Navarrese sanchete sueldos per fiscal household; its collection enters subsequent treasury accounting.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1264, "latest_year": 1264, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1264" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1920" ], "source_ids": [ "S1013" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1921-CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT-1330", "scope": "The surviving monedaje register documents a levy of eight sanchete sueldos per household.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1330, "latest_year": 1330, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1330" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1921" ], "source_ids": [ "S1014" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1922-CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT-1355", "scope": "The ordinance requires taxes, rents and sales in prescribed strong money and values existing carlines against it. Its Tours-model coinage prescription has unproved implementation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1355, "latest_year": 1355, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1355" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1922" ], "source_ids": [ "S1014" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1923-CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT-1356", "scope": "The 22 October 1356 order requires merchandise dealings in white carlines while accepting black carlines at 22 to 12. Fiscal ledgers also convert black into white accounting. These are evidenced conventions, not additional denomination nodes.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1356, "latest_year": 1356, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1356" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1923" ], "source_ids": [ "S1014" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1924-CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT-1524", "scope": "The 30 March 1524 provision requires prices and sale contracts in Navarrese account denominations. The account libra equals 20 sueldos/240 dineros; Castilian silver is assigned a Navarrese valuation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1524, "latest_year": 1524, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1524" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1924" ], "source_ids": [ "S1015" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1925-CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT-1760", "scope": "Eighteenth-century accounting tables retain Navarrese libras, reales and their component denominations as a separate reckoning, with explicit Castilian equivalents.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1737, "latest_year": 1760, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1737–1760" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1925" ], "source_ids": [ "S1015" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1926-CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT-1795", "scope": "Reform proposals to suppress traditional account denominations failed; merchants objected in part because existing private loans were expressed in them.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1795, "latest_year": 1795, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1795" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1926" ], "source_ids": [ "S1017" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS31-C1927-CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT-1828", "scope": "The 1828 Cortes reconsidered the 1818 account reform because older reales sencillos persisted in contracts and public books; restoring that convention expressly protected pre-existing contracts.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1828, "latest_year": 1828, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1828" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1927" ], "source_ids": [ "S1017" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "A 31 December 1198 royal receipt acknowledges 70, 000 sanchete sueldos from the bishop of Pamplona and declares payment satisfied. This directly establishes a Navarrese monetary payment unit.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Tudela’s monedaje charter assesses two morabetinos, expressly equivalent to 15 Navarrese sanchete sueldos per fiscal household; its collection enters subsequent treasury accounting.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The surviving monedaje register documents a levy of eight sanchete sueldos per household.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The ordinance requires taxes, rents and sales in prescribed strong money and values existing carlines against it. Its Tours-model coinage prescription has unproved implementation.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The 22 October 1356 order requires merchandise dealings in white carlines while accepting black carlines at 22 to 12. Fiscal ledgers also convert black into white accounting. These are evidenced conventions, not additional denomination nodes.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The 30 March 1524 provision requires prices and sale contracts in Navarrese account denominations. The account libra equals 20 sueldos/240 dineros; Castilian silver is assigned a Navarrese valuation.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Eighteenth-century accounting tables retain Navarrese libras, reales and their component denominations as a separate reckoning, with explicit Castilian equivalents.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Reform proposals to suppress traditional account denominations failed; merchants objected in part because existing private loans were expressed in them.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "The 1828 Cortes reconsidered the 1818 account reform because older reales sencillos persisted in contracts and public books; restoring that convention expressly protected pre-existing contracts.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "Earlier account evidence", "text": "Spanish extraordinary war contributions imposed on Navarre in 1838 and 1840 were stated in reales de vellón. This establishes Spanish fiscal accounting alongside the local tradition, not a documented conversion of every local obligation.", "report_url": "/revision-31/index.html" }, { "title": "frankish_navarre", "text": "The regional denier–solidus–libra system has Carolingian ancestry. This compressed ancestry link leaves intervening stages and the immediate parent unresolved; it does not establish direct siblinghood.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" } ], "identity_scope_notes": [ { "id": "CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT", "assertion": "Navarrese regional reckoning, attested 1198–1828; regional scope after 1512 is principally peninsular Navarre. One regional account profile; sanchete, carlín, libra, sueldo, real and their changing valuations are retained as dated conventions. Their historical relationship is supported; this does not assert invariant value or uninterrupted documentary coverage. Do not promote every coin issue or white/black scale to a separate currency.", "revision": 31 } ], "lifecycle_assessment": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "assertion": "Later Spanish adoption is historically expected but its account-substitution operation is not established by the inspected evidence.", "locator": "pp.657–658; pp.417–418", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT", "ending_years": null, "claim_ids": [ "C1958" ], "source_ids": [ "S1017", "S1018" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision31 individual source review." }, "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT", "label": "Navarrese denier–libra and real accounting", "navigation_group": "Iberian account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_unresolved", "assertion": "Later Spanish adoption is historically expected but its account-substitution operation is not established by the inspected evidence.", "locator": "pp.657–658; pp.417–418", "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established", "id": "CUR-V31-NAVARRE-ACCOUNT", "ending_years": null, "claim_ids": [ "C1958" ], "source_ids": [ "S1017", "S1018" ], "assessment_scope": "Revision31 individual source review." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1919", "C1920", "C1921", "C1922", "C1923", "C1924", "C1925", "C1926", "C1927", "C1928", "C1958", "C1991" ], "source_ids": [ "S1012", "S1013", "S1014", "S1015", "S1017", "S1018", "S1032" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V34-VISIGOTHIC-SOLIDUS", "label": "Visigothic solidus accounting", "aliases": [ "Visigothic solidus accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH34-C1986", "label": "visigoth681", "date": { "earliest_year": 681, "latest_year": 681, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "c. 681 (editorial dating)", "qualification_note": "Approximate editorial dating of this legal witness." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1986" ], "source_ids": [ "S1034" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V34-002" ], "claim_ids": [ "C1986", "C1988", "C1995", "C2095", "C2096" ], "source_ids": [ "S1034", "S1033", "S993" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "visigoth681", "text": "Visigothic Code VII.6.v imposes compensation of three gold solidi and a judicial payment of one-third solidus for refusing acceptable money. The translation is editorially dated c. 681; that approximate observation is not a currency foundation.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "roman_visigothic", "text": "Visigothic law and finance retained Roman solidus accounting after local solidus coin production ceased. Admit a regional continuation, with its differentiation chronology unresolved.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "held_early_iberia", "text": "The reviewed evidence does not settle Visigothic-to-Astur-Leonese or Galician account continuity, nor the immediate León-to-Portugal identity boundary. Retain these as unresolved questions, not evidence of unrelated origins.", "report_url": "/revision-34/index.html" }, { "title": "Northwestern Iberia: a specific unresolved transmission", "text": "Todesca proposes Frankish denarii behind some Galician and Astur-Leonese silver reckoning, but presents this as a hypothesis. The name gallicanus, possible French coins and twelve-part accounting do not settle which predecessor unit was inherited. The Visigothic-to-northwestern-Iberian boundary therefore remains open; neither a disconnected origin nor extinction is inferred.", "report_url": "/revision-41/index.html" }, { "title": "Roman models and the account continuity test", "text": "Kurt identifies Roman gold coinage as the Visigothic starting point and describes close early imitation. He discusses prestige alongside fiscal and other uses. The admitted Roman-to-Visigothic account ancestry rests additionally on continued solidus reckoning; visual imitation is corroboration, and a universal legitimacy motive is not assumed.", "report_url": "/revision-41/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS34-C1986-CUR-V34-VISIGOTHIC-SOLIDUS-681", "scope": "Visigothic Code VII.6.v imposes compensation of three gold solidi and a judicial payment of one-third solidus for refusing acceptable money. The translation is editorially dated c. 681; that approximate observation is not a currency foundation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 681, "latest_year": 681, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "c. 681 (editorial dating)", "qualification_note": "Approximate editorial dating of this legal witness." }, "claim_ids": [ "C1986" ], "source_ids": [ "S1034" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V34-VISIGOTHIC-SOLIDUS", "label": "Visigothic solidus accounting", "navigation_group": "Iberian account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C1986", "C1988", "C1995", "C2095", "C2096" ], "source_ids": [ "S1034", "S1033", "S993" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V35-MUGHAL-RUPEE", "label": "Mughal rupee–dam accounting", "aliases": [ "Mughal rupee–dam accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH35-C2003", "label": "Ain salary reckoning", "date": { "earliest_year": 1590, "latest_year": 1599, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1590s textual witness; approximate composition period" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2003" ], "source_ids": [ "S1041", "S1043" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH35-C2004", "label": "Taxes, wages and accounts", "date": { "earliest_year": 1590, "latest_year": 1599, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1590s textual witness; approximate composition period" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2004" ], "source_ids": [ "S1042", "S1043" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V35-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C2002", "C2003", "C2004", "C2010", "C2012", "C2014", "C2035" ], "source_ids": [ "S1041", "S913", "S1043", "S1042", "S1038", "S1064", "S1067" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Mughal account identity", "text": "The Mughal rupee–dam account system relates rupee salary payments to 40 dams, despite variable market rates, and divides the dam into 25 imaginary jitals for accounting. Treat these as denominations within one scoped account system, not separate coin currencies.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Ain salary reckoning", "text": "The Ain-i-Akbari sets the rupee’s salary rating at 40 dams and identifies Sher Khan’s rupee as the antecedent of Akbar’s issue. The 1590s date bounds this textual witness, not the currency’s origin.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Taxes, wages and accounts", "text": "The Ain-i-Akbari gives rupee-denominated horse duties and trooper salary schedules, and describes salary accounts in dams settled partly in rupees (Book I Ain 79; Book II Ains 5 and 14).", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified inherited ancestry", "text": "Bengal and Company sicca accounting inherited the Mughal rupee system through regional Nawabi arrangements. Admit compressed regional ancestry, retaining distinctions among sicca, current and Patna accounts. The immediate stages and differentiation dates remain qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "An Indian step-parent for Iranian accounting", "text": "Nader Shah’s implemented 1740 reform deliberately aligned Iranian rupee/naderi reckoning with Indian rupees and set one silver toman equal to 20 silver rupees. Record a qualified unit-adoption event, preserving Iranian ancestry; no continuing market peg is inferred.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Indian earlier and regional gaps", "text": "Delhi tanka to Suri rupee remains a promising account-continuity question. Ancient kahapana and the separate Afghan, Nepalese, Hyderabad and Patna regional lines require their own evidence; they are not assigned a Mughal parent by name alone.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Open bridge toward today’s rupees", "text": "Indo-Greek denominations spread into India, but De Romanis shows that drachm coins could circulate while accounts remained in karsapana. Neither that coin sequence nor a repeated dramma name establishes the missing medieval-to-Mughal account links.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS35-C2003-CUR-V35-MUGHAL-RUPEE-1599", "scope": "The Ain-i-Akbari sets the rupee’s salary rating at 40 dams and identifies Sher Khan’s rupee as the antecedent of Akbar’s issue. The 1590s date bounds this textual witness, not the currency’s origin.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1590, "latest_year": 1599, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1590s textual witness; approximate composition period" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2003" ], "source_ids": [ "S1041", "S1043" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS35-C2004-CUR-V35-MUGHAL-RUPEE-1599", "scope": "The Ain-i-Akbari gives rupee-denominated horse duties and trooper salary schedules, and describes salary accounts in dams settled partly in rupees (Book I Ain 79; Book II Ains 5 and 14).", "date": { "earliest_year": 1590, "latest_year": 1599, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1590s textual witness; approximate composition period" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2004" ], "source_ids": [ "S1042", "S1043" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "adopted_basis_relationship_ids": [ "SP-V35-001" ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V35-MUGHAL-RUPEE", "label": "Mughal rupee–dam accounting", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000234", "FTM000235", "FTM000236", "FTM000237", "FTM000238", "FTM000240", "FTM000242", "FTM000243", "FTM000244", "FTM000285", "FTM000286", "FTM000287", "FTM000288", "FTM000290", "FTM000291", "FTM000292", "FTM000293", "FTM000294", "FTM000300", "FTM000302", "FTM000303", "FTM000320" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2002", "C2003", "C2004", "C2010", "C2012", "C2014", "C2035" ], "source_ids": [ "S1041", "S913", "S1043", "S1042", "S1038", "S1064", "S1067" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V35-001" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V35-QIN-CASH", "label": "Qin cash (qian) fiscal accounting", "aliases": [ "Qin cash (qian) fiscal accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH35-C2009", "label": "Qin cash obligations", "date": { "earliest_year": -221, "latest_year": -221, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "c. 221 BCE, or shortly afterward", "qualification_note": "Approximate scholarly dating, not an exact enactment or founding date." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2009" ], "source_ids": [ "S1048" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2009", "C2016" ], "source_ids": [ "S1048" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Qin cash obligations", "text": "A Qin ordinance orders counties to discharge cash obligations and permits borrowing imperial cash repayable in the amount lent. Tong dates it probably to 221 BCE or shortly afterward. Admit a scoped Qin cash account, with approximate dating and no automatic Tang successor.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" }, { "title": "Qin-to-Tang frontier", "text": "Qin cash obligations establish an earlier Chinese account witness. The reviewed ordinance does not establish the intervening account continuity through Han and Sui to the Tang profile.", "report_url": "/revision-35/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS35-C2009-CUR-V35-QIN-CASH--221", "scope": "A Qin ordinance orders counties to discharge cash obligations and permits borrowing imperial cash repayable in the amount lent. Tong dates it probably to 221 BCE or shortly afterward. Admit a scoped Qin cash account, with approximate dating and no automatic Tang successor.", "date": { "earliest_year": -221, "latest_year": -221, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "c. 221 BCE, or shortly afterward", "qualification_note": "Approximate scholarly dating, not an exact enactment or founding date." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2009" ], "source_ids": [ "S1048" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V35-QIN-CASH", "label": "Qin cash (qian) fiscal accounting", "navigation_group": "East Asian lineages", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2009", "C2016" ], "source_ids": [ "S1048" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V36-SIYADONI-DRAMMA", "label": "Pratihara / Siyadoni dramma accounting", "aliases": [ "Pratihara / Siyadoni dramma accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH36-C2030", "label": "Invested capital in drammas", "date": { "earliest_year": 912, "latest_year": 913, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "912–913" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2030" ], "source_ids": [ "S1066" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH36-C2031", "label": "Recurring dramma obligation", "date": { "earliest_year": 948, "latest_year": 949, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "948–949" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2031" ], "source_ids": [ "S1066" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH36-C2032", "label": "Dramma-denominated rent", "date": { "earliest_year": 968, "latest_year": 969, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "968–969" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2032" ], "source_ids": [ "S1066" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V36-004" ], "claim_ids": [ "C2029", "C2030", "C2031", "C2032", "C2035", "C2040" ], "source_ids": [ "S1066", "S1065", "S1064", "S1067" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Medieval dramma account identity", "text": "Siyadoni deeds specify investments, rent and recurring payments in named dramma forms. Admit a scoped Pratihara/Siyadoni account profile; preserve the adivaraha and vigrahapala distinctions without assuming every regional dramma identical.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Invested capital in drammas", "text": "A deed dated Vikrama 969 records1,850 Adivaraha drammas invested with liquor distillers. The912–913 CE range dates the recorded transaction, not the later inscription’s production or currency origin.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Recurring dramma obligation", "text": "A Vikrama 1005 deed assigns a monthly one-third-dramma payment. The948–949 CE range preserves the calendrical conversion uncertainty.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Dramma-denominated rent", "text": "A Vikrama 1025 deed assigns a quarter Adivaraha dramma from rent, witnessing the account in 968–969 CE.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Open bridge toward today’s rupees", "text": "Indo-Greek denominations spread into India, but De Romanis shows that drachm coins could circulate while accounts remained in karsapana. Neither that coin sequence nor a repeated dramma name establishes the missing medieval-to-Mughal account links.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified drachm ancestry", "text": "Cribb traces medieval Indian dramma denominations through Sasanian imports; Deyell connects that branch to named Pratihara epigraphic forms. Combined with Siyadoni obligations, this supports qualified compressed ancestry through Hunnic and regional stages, not a direct Qom-to-India transfer.", "report_url": "/revision-36/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS36-C2030-CUR-V36-SIYADONI-DRAMMA-913", "scope": "A deed dated Vikrama 969 records1,850 Adivaraha drammas invested with liquor distillers. The912–913 CE range dates the recorded transaction, not the later inscription’s production or currency origin.", "date": { "earliest_year": 912, "latest_year": 913, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "912–913" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2030" ], "source_ids": [ "S1066" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS36-C2031-CUR-V36-SIYADONI-DRAMMA-949", "scope": "A Vikrama 1005 deed assigns a monthly one-third-dramma payment. The948–949 CE range preserves the calendrical conversion uncertainty.", "date": { "earliest_year": 948, "latest_year": 949, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "948–949" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2031" ], "source_ids": [ "S1066" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS36-C2032-CUR-V36-SIYADONI-DRAMMA-969", "scope": "A Vikrama 1025 deed assigns a quarter Adivaraha dramma from rent, witnessing the account in 968–969 CE.", "date": { "earliest_year": 968, "latest_year": 969, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "968–969" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2032" ], "source_ids": [ "S1066" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V36-SIYADONI-DRAMMA", "label": "Pratihara / Siyadoni dramma accounting", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2029", "C2030", "C2031", "C2032", "C2035", "C2040" ], "source_ids": [ "S1066", "S1065", "S1064", "S1067" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-MADRAS-PAGODA", "label": "Madras pagoda–fanam accounting", "aliases": [ "Madras pagoda–fanam accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2041", "label": "Madras pagoda–fanam accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1643, "latest_year": 1643, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1643" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2041" ], "source_ids": [ "S1068" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH37-C2042", "label": "Pagoda account subdivisions", "date": { "earliest_year": 1683, "latest_year": 1683, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1683" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2042" ], "source_ids": [ "S1068" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH37-C2043", "label": "Star-pagoda debt obligations", "date": { "earliest_year": 1766, "latest_year": 1766, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1766" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2043" ], "source_ids": [ "S1069" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V37-001" ], "claim_ids": [ "C2041", "C2042", "C2043", "C2072" ], "source_ids": [ "S1068", "S1069", "S1070" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Madras pagoda–fanam accounting", "text": "Accounts through June 1643 total 9,250 new pagodas for expenses. This establishes local pagoda accounting; its association with the later Star-pagoda profile remains qualified.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Pagoda account subdivisions", "text": "Madras accounts in 1683 count 36 fanams per pagoda. The 1717 general-book reform changes cash subdivisions within the account, rather than creating a new currency.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Star-pagoda debt obligations", "text": "A December 1766 list of Carnatic debts totals 2,229,650 Star pagodas, providing an explicit liability witness.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified account succession", "text": "Madras pagoda accounts converted to rupees in 1818 at one pagoda to 3½ rupees; presidency unification followed in 1835. Admit compressed local absorption into the retained Indian rupee lineage, not the rupee’s founding. The intervening presidency stage remains explicit.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2041-CUR-V37-MADRAS-PAGODA-1643", "scope": "Accounts through June 1643 total 9,250 new pagodas for expenses. This establishes local pagoda accounting; its association with the later Star-pagoda profile remains qualified.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1643, "latest_year": 1643, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1643" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2041" ], "source_ids": [ "S1068" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" }, { "event_id": "OBS37-C2042-CUR-V37-MADRAS-PAGODA-1683", "scope": "Madras accounts in 1683 count 36 fanams per pagoda. The 1717 general-book reform changes cash subdivisions within the account, rather than creating a new currency.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1683, "latest_year": 1683, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1683" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2042" ], "source_ids": [ "S1068" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS37-C2043-CUR-V37-MADRAS-PAGODA-1766", "scope": "A December 1766 list of Carnatic debts totals 2,229,650 Star pagodas, providing an explicit liability witness.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1766, "latest_year": 1766, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1766" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2043" ], "source_ids": [ "S1069" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "Accounts through June 1643 total 9,250 new pagodas for expenses. This establishes local pagoda accounting; its association with the later Star-pagoda profile remains qualified.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-MADRAS-PAGODA", "label": "Madras pagoda–fanam accounting", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000234", "FTM000235", "FTM000236", "FTM000237", "FTM000238", "FTM000240", "FTM000242", "FTM000243", "FTM000244", "FTM000285", "FTM000286", "FTM000287", "FTM000288", "FTM000290", "FTM000291", "FTM000292", "FTM000293", "FTM000294", "FTM000300", "FTM000302", "FTM000303", "FTM000320" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2041", "C2042", "C2043", "C2072" ], "source_ids": [ "S1068", "S1069", "S1070" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V37-001" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-COCHIN-PANAM", "label": "Cochin panam / fanam accounting", "aliases": [ "Cochin panam / fanam accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2044", "label": "Cochin panam / fanam accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1776, "latest_year": 1789, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1776–1789" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2044" ], "source_ids": [ "S1071" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2044" ], "source_ids": [ "S1071" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Cochin panam / fanam accounting", "text": "Paolino reports Cochin rice and coconut-oil prices in local panam during his 1776–1789 residence. Exchange against outside rupees distinguishes local reckoning; the interval is an observation window, not a foundation.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2044-CUR-V37-COCHIN-PANAM-1789", "scope": "Paolino reports Cochin rice and coconut-oil prices in local panam during his 1776–1789 residence. Exchange against outside rupees distinguishes local reckoning; the interval is an observation window, not a foundation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1776, "latest_year": 1789, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "range", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1776–1789" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2044" ], "source_ids": [ "S1071" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "Paolino reports Cochin rice and coconut-oil prices in local panam during his 1776–1789 residence. Exchange against outside rupees distinguishes local reckoning; the interval is an observation window, not a foundation.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-COCHIN-PANAM", "label": "Cochin panam / fanam accounting", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2044" ], "source_ids": [ "S1071" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-BOMBAY-XERAPHIN", "label": "Bombay xeraphin accounting", "aliases": [ "Bombay xeraphin accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2045", "label": "Bombay xeraphin accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1674, "latest_year": 1674, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1674" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2045" ], "source_ids": [ "S1072" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH37-C2046", "label": "Prices and wages separate from settlement", "date": { "earliest_year": 1683, "latest_year": 1683, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1683" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2046" ], "source_ids": [ "S1072" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2045", "C2046" ], "source_ids": [ "S1072" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Bombay xeraphin accounting", "text": "The 1674 Aungier Convention sets an annual 20,000-xeraphin contribution. This supports a scoped Bombay account, without assuming identity with every Portuguese xerafim.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Prices and wages separate from settlement", "text": "Bombay rice prices in 1683 and soldiers’ wage reckoning use xeraphins even where settlement employs tin or copper coins.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2045-CUR-V37-BOMBAY-XERAPHIN-1674", "scope": "The 1674 Aungier Convention sets an annual 20,000-xeraphin contribution. This supports a scoped Bombay account, without assuming identity with every Portuguese xerafim.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1674, "latest_year": 1674, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1674" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2045" ], "source_ids": [ "S1072" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS37-C2046-CUR-V37-BOMBAY-XERAPHIN-1683", "scope": "Bombay rice prices in 1683 and soldiers’ wage reckoning use xeraphins even where settlement employs tin or copper coins.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1683, "latest_year": 1683, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1683" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2046" ], "source_ids": [ "S1072" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "The 1674 Aungier Convention sets an annual 20,000-xeraphin contribution. This supports a scoped Bombay account, without assuming identity with every Portuguese xerafim.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-BOMBAY-XERAPHIN", "label": "Bombay xeraphin accounting", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2045", "C2046" ], "source_ids": [ "S1072" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-ODISHA-COWRIE", "label": "Odisha / Orissa cowrie accounting", "aliases": [ "Odisha / Orissa cowrie accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2047", "label": "Odisha / Orissa cowrie accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1803, "latest_year": 1803, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1803" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2047" ], "source_ids": [ "S1073" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2047", "C2048" ], "source_ids": [ "S1073" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Odisha / Orissa cowrie accounting", "text": "Hunter, quoted by Thomas, reports that Orissa public accounts were kept in cowries in 1803. Admit a local account rather than treating shells solely as payment objects.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Tax settlement is not a universal currency conversion", "text": "The reported official rate of 5,120 cowries per rupee in 1804 differs from market exchange. Required silver tax payment does not alone prove wholesale account succession or an enduring hard peg. Hold ancestry and adopted-basis links.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2047-CUR-V37-ODISHA-COWRIE-1803", "scope": "Hunter, quoted by Thomas, reports that Orissa public accounts were kept in cowries in 1803. Admit a local account rather than treating shells solely as payment objects.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1803, "latest_year": 1803, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1803" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2047" ], "source_ids": [ "S1073" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "Hunter, quoted by Thomas, reports that Orissa public accounts were kept in cowries in 1803. Admit a local account rather than treating shells solely as payment objects.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-ODISHA-COWRIE", "label": "Odisha / Orissa cowrie accounting", "navigation_group": "Rupee", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2047", "C2048" ], "source_ids": [ "S1073" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-BURMA-KYAT", "label": "Upper Burmese kyat debt reckoning", "aliases": [ "Upper Burmese kyat debt reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2049", "label": "Upper Burmese kyat debt reckoning", "date": { "earliest_year": 1811, "latest_year": 1811, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1811" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2049" ], "source_ids": [ "S1074" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH37-C2050", "label": "Kyat-denominated loan", "date": { "earliest_year": 1824, "latest_year": 1824, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1824" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2050" ], "source_ids": [ "S1074" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2049", "C2050", "C2051" ], "source_ids": [ "S1074" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Upper Burmese kyat debt reckoning", "text": "A 26 May 1811 mortgage and sale records 120 kyat in ywet-ni. Alloy descriptions are retained within the scoped debt-account review; they do not automatically create separate currencies.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Kyat-denominated loan", "text": "A 19 September 1824 military-expense loan is denominated in 12 kyat 2 mat.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Historical and modern kyat boundary", "text": "The inspected deeds do not establish succession into colonial rupee accounting or today’s Myanmar kyat. Keep this older account separate despite its shared name.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2049-CUR-V37-BURMA-KYAT-1811", "scope": "A 26 May 1811 mortgage and sale records 120 kyat in ywet-ni. Alloy descriptions are retained within the scoped debt-account review; they do not automatically create separate currencies.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1811, "latest_year": 1811, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1811" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2049" ], "source_ids": [ "S1074" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS37-C2050-CUR-V37-BURMA-KYAT-1824", "scope": "A 19 September 1824 military-expense loan is denominated in 12 kyat 2 mat.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1824, "latest_year": 1824, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1824" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2050" ], "source_ids": [ "S1074" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "A 26 May 1811 mortgage and sale records 120 kyat in ywet-ni. Alloy descriptions are retained within the scoped debt-account review; they do not automatically create separate currencies.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-BURMA-KYAT", "label": "Upper Burmese kyat debt reckoning", "navigation_group": "Southeast Asian histories", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2049", "C2050", "C2051" ], "source_ids": [ "S1074" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-NGUYEN-QUAN", "label": "Nguyễn quan–tiền fiscal accounting", "aliases": [ "Nguyễn quan–tiền fiscal accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2052", "label": "Nguyễn quan–tiền fiscal accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1821, "latest_year": 1821, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1821" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2052" ], "source_ids": [ "S1075" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH37-C2053", "label": "Quan and tiền allowances", "date": { "earliest_year": 1838, "latest_year": 1838, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1838" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2053" ], "source_ids": [ "S1076" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH37-C2054", "label": "Royal-order monetary obligations", "date": { "earliest_year": 1855, "latest_year": 1855, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1855" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2054" ], "source_ids": [ "S1076" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2052", "C2053", "C2054", "C2056" ], "source_ids": [ "S1075", "S1076", "S1077" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Nguyễn quan–tiền fiscal accounting", "text": "The 1821 history-office salary schedule assigns monthly amounts in quan and tiền, including 1 quan 5 tiền. This is a fiscal account witness, not merely cash circulation.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Quan and tiền allowances", "text": "An 1838 allowance schedule includes 17 quan 6 tiền; the archival article identifies its published court-compendium source.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Royal-order monetary obligations", "text": "A royal order dated Tự Đức year 8 (1855) specifies annual official allowances of 80, 75, 70 and 65 quan.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Borrowed subdivisions and unresolved succession", "text": "Aymonier attributes ten-tiền ligature subdivision to Annamese imitation. This establishes limited accounting influence, not ancestry of the whole Cambodian bat account. Thai derivation and piastre absorption remain unverified.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2052-CUR-V37-NGUYEN-QUAN-1821", "scope": "The 1821 history-office salary schedule assigns monthly amounts in quan and tiền, including 1 quan 5 tiền. This is a fiscal account witness, not merely cash circulation.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1821, "latest_year": 1821, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1821" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2052" ], "source_ids": [ "S1075" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS37-C2053-CUR-V37-NGUYEN-QUAN-1838", "scope": "An 1838 allowance schedule includes 17 quan 6 tiền; the archival article identifies its published court-compendium source.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1838, "latest_year": 1838, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1838" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2053" ], "source_ids": [ "S1076" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS37-C2054-CUR-V37-NGUYEN-QUAN-1855", "scope": "A royal order dated Tự Đức year 8 (1855) specifies annual official allowances of 80, 75, 70 and 65 quan.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1855, "latest_year": 1855, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1855" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2054" ], "source_ids": [ "S1076" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "The 1821 history-office salary schedule assigns monthly amounts in quan and tiền, including 1 quan 5 tiền. This is a fiscal account witness, not merely cash circulation.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-NGUYEN-QUAN", "label": "Nguyễn quan–tiền fiscal accounting", "navigation_group": "Southeast Asian histories", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2052", "C2053", "C2054", "C2056" ], "source_ids": [ "S1075", "S1076", "S1077" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-CAMBODIA-BAT", "label": "Cambodian bat–ligature legal accounting", "aliases": [ "Cambodian bat–ligature legal accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2055", "label": "Cambodian bat–ligature legal accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1875, "latest_year": 1875, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1875" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2055" ], "source_ids": [ "S1077" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2055", "C2056" ], "source_ids": [ "S1077" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Cambodian bat–ligature legal accounting", "text": "Aymonier’s 1875 description identifies legal monies of account: bat equals four ligatures and damleng four bat. These are account denominations, distinguished from the adjacent weight table.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Borrowed subdivisions and unresolved succession", "text": "Aymonier attributes ten-tiền ligature subdivision to Annamese imitation. This establishes limited accounting influence, not ancestry of the whole Cambodian bat account. Thai derivation and piastre absorption remain unverified.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2055-CUR-V37-CAMBODIA-BAT-1875", "scope": "Aymonier’s 1875 description identifies legal monies of account: bat equals four ligatures and damleng four bat. These are account denominations, distinguished from the adjacent weight table.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1875, "latest_year": 1875, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1875" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2055" ], "source_ids": [ "S1077" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "Aymonier’s 1875 description identifies legal monies of account: bat equals four ligatures and damleng four bat. These are account denominations, distinguished from the adjacent weight table.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-CAMBODIA-BAT", "label": "Cambodian bat–ligature legal accounting", "navigation_group": "Southeast Asian histories", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2055", "C2056" ], "source_ids": [ "S1077" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-JAVA-MASA", "label": "Old Javanese masa–suwarna accounting", "aliases": [ "Old Javanese masa–suwarna accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2057", "label": "Old Javanese masa–suwarna accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 903, "latest_year": 903, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "903" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2057" ], "source_ids": [ "S1078" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2057", "C2061", "C2063" ], "source_ids": [ "S1078", "S1079", "S1080" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Old Javanese masa–suwarna accounting", "text": "The 903 Telang II record projects ferry revenue of nine masa. Its valuation can be distinguished from settlement in goods or silver; masa, kupang and suwarna remain denominations in one scoped profile.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Documented legal change; account transition unresolved", "text": "Legal monetary expressions were updated as cash displaced older measures. The inspected evidence does not yet establish the carry-over of balances, a precise conversion, or one continuous Java–Bali account. Keep ancestry unresolved.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified local scope and open successor", "text": "Shared Javanese monetary vocabulary does not establish a Java-to-Laguna inheritance or a continuous route into the Philippine peso. Do not equate this single record with a currency of the whole archipelago.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2057-CUR-V37-JAVA-MASA-903", "scope": "The 903 Telang II record projects ferry revenue of nine masa. Its valuation can be distinguished from settlement in goods or silver; masa, kupang and suwarna remain denominations in one scoped profile.", "date": { "earliest_year": 903, "latest_year": 903, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "903" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2057" ], "source_ids": [ "S1078" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "The 903 Telang II record projects ferry revenue of nine masa. Its valuation can be distinguished from settlement in goods or silver; masa, kupang and suwarna remain denominations in one scoped profile.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-JAVA-MASA", "label": "Old Javanese masa–suwarna accounting", "navigation_group": "Southeast Asian histories", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2057", "C2061", "C2063" ], "source_ids": [ "S1078", "S1079", "S1080" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-BALI-MASAKA", "label": "Balinese masaka accounting", "aliases": [ "Balinese masaka accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2058", "label": "Balinese masaka accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 882, "latest_year": 882, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "882" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2058" ], "source_ids": [ "S1078" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH37-C2059", "label": "Masaka as abstract valuation", "date": { "earliest_year": 923, "latest_year": 923, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "923" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2059" ], "source_ids": [ "S1078" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2058", "C2059", "C2061" ], "source_ids": [ "S1078", "S1079" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Balinese masaka accounting", "text": "The 882 Sukawana AI inheritance rule reserves estate goods valued at four masaka for funeral costs. Heterogeneous goods are valued in a common account, not merely weighed as gold.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Masaka as abstract valuation", "text": "The 923 Sembiran AI inheritance provision further supports ma as a measure of value distinct from a literal gold quantity.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Documented legal change; account transition unresolved", "text": "Legal monetary expressions were updated as cash displaced older measures. The inspected evidence does not yet establish the carry-over of balances, a precise conversion, or one continuous Java–Bali account. Keep ancestry unresolved.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2058-CUR-V37-BALI-MASAKA-882", "scope": "The 882 Sukawana AI inheritance rule reserves estate goods valued at four masaka for funeral costs. Heterogeneous goods are valued in a common account, not merely weighed as gold.", "date": { "earliest_year": 882, "latest_year": 882, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "882" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2058" ], "source_ids": [ "S1078" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS37-C2059-CUR-V37-BALI-MASAKA-923", "scope": "The 923 Sembiran AI inheritance provision further supports ma as a measure of value distinct from a literal gold quantity.", "date": { "earliest_year": 923, "latest_year": 923, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "923" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2059" ], "source_ids": [ "S1078" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "The 882 Sukawana AI inheritance rule reserves estate goods valued at four masaka for funeral costs. Heterogeneous goods are valued in a common account, not merely weighed as gold.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-BALI-MASAKA", "label": "Balinese masaka accounting", "navigation_group": "Southeast Asian histories", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2058", "C2059", "C2061" ], "source_ids": [ "S1078", "S1079" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-BALI-PISIS", "label": "Balinese cash / pisis accounting", "aliases": [ "Balinese cash / pisis accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2060", "label": "Balinese cash / pisis accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1384, "latest_year": 1384, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1384" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2060" ], "source_ids": [ "S1079" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2060", "C2061" ], "source_ids": [ "S1079", "S1078" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Balinese cash / pisis accounting", "text": "The 1384 Batur inscription sets a fine of 800 cash. Later legal manuscripts use cash strings, but their eighteenth- and nineteenth-century copying dates must not be projected backward.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Documented legal change; account transition unresolved", "text": "Legal monetary expressions were updated as cash displaced older measures. The inspected evidence does not yet establish the carry-over of balances, a precise conversion, or one continuous Java–Bali account. Keep ancestry unresolved.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2060-CUR-V37-BALI-PISIS-1384", "scope": "The 1384 Batur inscription sets a fine of 800 cash. Later legal manuscripts use cash strings, but their eighteenth- and nineteenth-century copying dates must not be projected backward.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1384, "latest_year": 1384, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1384" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2060" ], "source_ids": [ "S1079" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "The 1384 Batur inscription sets a fine of 800 cash. Later legal manuscripts use cash strings, but their eighteenth- and nineteenth-century copying dates must not be projected backward.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-BALI-PISIS", "label": "Balinese cash / pisis accounting", "navigation_group": "Southeast Asian histories", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2060", "C2061" ], "source_ids": [ "S1079", "S1078" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-LAGUNA-SUWARNA", "label": "Laguna kati–suwarna debt accounting", "aliases": [ "Laguna kati–suwarna debt accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2062", "label": "Laguna kati–suwarna debt accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 900, "latest_year": 900, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "900" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2062" ], "source_ids": [ "S1080" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2062", "C2063" ], "source_ids": [ "S1080" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Laguna kati–suwarna debt accounting", "text": "The copperplate dated 900 records acquittal of a debt of one kati and eight suwarna. The obligation is explicit; place of issuance and broader local identity remain qualified because provenance is uncertain.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified local scope and open successor", "text": "Shared Javanese monetary vocabulary does not establish a Java-to-Laguna inheritance or a continuous route into the Philippine peso. Do not equate this single record with a currency of the whole archipelago.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2062-CUR-V37-LAGUNA-SUWARNA-900", "scope": "The copperplate dated 900 records acquittal of a debt of one kati and eight suwarna. The obligation is explicit; place of issuance and broader local identity remain qualified because provenance is uncertain.", "date": { "earliest_year": 900, "latest_year": 900, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "900" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2062" ], "source_ids": [ "S1080" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false, "identity_association_status": "qualified" } ], "summary": "The copperplate dated 900 records acquittal of a debt of one kati and eight suwarna. The obligation is explicit; place of issuance and broader local identity remain qualified because provenance is uncertain.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-LAGUNA-SUWARNA", "label": "Laguna kati–suwarna debt accounting", "navigation_group": "Southeast Asian histories", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2062", "C2063" ], "source_ids": [ "S1080" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-BUGANDA-SIMBI", "label": "Buganda simbi / kiasa reckoning", "aliases": [ "Buganda simbi / kiasa reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2064", "label": "Buganda simbi / kiasa reckoning", "date": { "earliest_year": 1857, "latest_year": 1884, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1857–1884", "qualification_note": "Reported practice within a reign; no exact transaction date supplied." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2064" ], "source_ids": [ "S1081" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH37-C2065", "label": "Obligations after prohibition", "date": { "earliest_year": 1901, "latest_year": 1909, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1901–1909", "qualification_note": "Approximate interval from author summary." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2065" ], "source_ids": [ "S1082" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2064", "C2065", "C2066", "C2069" ], "source_ids": [ "S1081", "S1082", "S1083" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Buganda simbi / kiasa reckoning", "text": "During Mutesa’s 1857–1884 reign, Buganda market prices, taxes and fees were stated in cowries. The reign bounds reported practice rather than a founding event.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Obligations after prohibition", "text": "Cowrie-denominated court fines and taxes persisted during the first decade after the 1901 prohibition. The 1901–1909 interval is qualified, not a claimed abolition date.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Counting influence without invented parentage", "text": "The 1905 cent design drew on kiasa counting. Denomination design influence is insufficient to make cowrie accounting an ancestor of the existing Indian rupee.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Separate local accounts and unresolved endings", "text": "Local cloth, bead and shell accounts should not be forced into a single commodity currency. Their successors and complete endings remain unverified; market exchange does not create ancestry.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2064-CUR-V37-BUGANDA-SIMBI-1884", "scope": "During Mutesa’s 1857–1884 reign, Buganda market prices, taxes and fees were stated in cowries. The reign bounds reported practice rather than a founding event.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1857, "latest_year": 1884, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1857–1884", "qualification_note": "Reported practice within a reign; no exact transaction date supplied." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2064" ], "source_ids": [ "S1081" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS37-C2065-CUR-V37-BUGANDA-SIMBI-1909", "scope": "Cowrie-denominated court fines and taxes persisted during the first decade after the 1901 prohibition. The 1901–1909 interval is qualified, not a claimed abolition date.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1901, "latest_year": 1909, "precision": "range", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1901–1909", "qualification_note": "Approximate interval from author summary." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2065" ], "source_ids": [ "S1082" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "During Mutesa’s 1857–1884 reign, Buganda market prices, taxes and fees were stated in cowries. The reign bounds reported practice rather than a founding event.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-BUGANDA-SIMBI", "label": "Buganda simbi / kiasa reckoning", "navigation_group": "African and Pacific account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2064", "C2065", "C2066", "C2069" ], "source_ids": [ "S1081", "S1082", "S1083" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-COAST-DOTI", "label": "East African coastal doti-merikani reckoning", "aliases": [ "East African coastal doti-merikani reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2067", "label": "East African coastal doti-merikani reckoning", "date": { "earliest_year": 1870, "latest_year": 1870, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1870" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2067" ], "source_ids": [ "S1083" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2067", "C2069" ], "source_ids": [ "S1083", "S1082" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "East African coastal doti-merikani reckoning", "text": "By 1870 the coastal four-yard doti-merikani served as an accounting measure for export commodities. Inland doti lengths varied; this profile does not merge all East African cloth reckoning.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Separate local accounts and unresolved endings", "text": "Local cloth, bead and shell accounts should not be forced into a single commodity currency. Their successors and complete endings remain unverified; market exchange does not create ancestry.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2067-CUR-V37-COAST-DOTI-1870", "scope": "By 1870 the coastal four-yard doti-merikani served as an accounting measure for export commodities. Inland doti lengths varied; this profile does not merge all East African cloth reckoning.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1870, "latest_year": 1870, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1870" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2067" ], "source_ids": [ "S1083" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "By 1870 the coastal four-yard doti-merikani served as an accounting measure for export commodities. Inland doti lengths varied; this profile does not merge all East African cloth reckoning.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-COAST-DOTI", "label": "East African coastal doti-merikani reckoning", "navigation_group": "African and Pacific account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2067", "C2069" ], "source_ids": [ "S1083", "S1082" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-UJIJI-SOFI", "label": "Ujiji / Kawélé sofi reckoning", "aliases": [ "Ujiji / Kawélé sofi reckoning" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2068", "label": "Ujiji / Kawélé sofi reckoning", "date": { "earliest_year": 1874, "latest_year": 1874, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1874" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2068" ], "source_ids": [ "S1083" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2068", "C2069" ], "source_ids": [ "S1083", "S1082" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Ujiji / Kawélé sofi reckoning", "text": "Cameron’s 1874 observation describes market prices in sofi beads and moneychangers. This supports a local market account; daily cloth exchange is not a hard peg.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Separate local accounts and unresolved endings", "text": "Local cloth, bead and shell accounts should not be forced into a single commodity currency. Their successors and complete endings remain unverified; market exchange does not create ancestry.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2068-CUR-V37-UJIJI-SOFI-1874", "scope": "Cameron’s 1874 observation describes market prices in sofi beads and moneychangers. This supports a local market account; daily cloth exchange is not a hard peg.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1874, "latest_year": 1874, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1874" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2068" ], "source_ids": [ "S1083" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "Cameron’s 1874 observation describes market prices in sofi beads and moneychangers. This supports a local market account; daily cloth exchange is not a hard peg.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-UJIJI-SOFI", "label": "Ujiji / Kawélé sofi reckoning", "navigation_group": "African and Pacific account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2068", "C2069" ], "source_ids": [ "S1083", "S1082" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-GERMAN-EA-RUPEE", "label": "German East African rupee–pesa accounting", "aliases": [ "German East African rupee–pesa accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH37-C2070", "label": "German East African rupee–pesa accounting", "date": { "earliest_year": 1909, "latest_year": 1909, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1909" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2070" ], "source_ids": [ "S1084" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" }, { "id": "EPOCH37-C2071", "label": "Rupee obligations in Tanganyika", "date": { "earliest_year": 1916, "latest_year": 1916, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1916" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2071" ], "source_ids": [ "S1084" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [ "R-V37-002", "R-V37-003" ], "claim_ids": [ "C2070", "C2071", "C2073", "C2074" ], "source_ids": [ "S1084" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "German East African rupee–pesa accounting", "text": "A 1909 account describes prices still reckoned in pesa after the heller subdivision was introduced. This distinguishes a territorial account from an instrument-only issue.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Rupee obligations in Tanganyika", "text": "January 1916 regulations specify rupee-denominated fines and compensation obligations.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified account succession", "text": "The German territorial rupee developed from established Indian-rupee use. Admit qualified regional derivation; the 1890–1904 emergence interval is a research envelope and does not itself date account creation.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" }, { "title": "Qualified account succession", "text": "The 1922 transition in Tanganyika absorbed German East African rupee circulation into the existing East African shilling system. Admit qualified regional succession; the exact all-contract conversion clause remains uninspected. This is not the founding of the shilling.", "report_url": "/revision-37/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS37-C2070-CUR-V37-GERMAN-EA-RUPEE-1909", "scope": "A 1909 account describes prices still reckoned in pesa after the heller subdivision was introduced. This distinguishes a territorial account from an instrument-only issue.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1909, "latest_year": 1909, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1909" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2070" ], "source_ids": [ "S1084" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false }, { "event_id": "OBS37-C2071-CUR-V37-GERMAN-EA-RUPEE-1916", "scope": "January 1916 regulations specify rupee-denominated fines and compensation obligations.", "date": { "earliest_year": 1916, "latest_year": 1916, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "reported", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "1916" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2071" ], "source_ids": [ "S1084" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "A 1909 account describes prices still reckoned in pesa after the heller subdivision was introduced. This distinguishes a territorial account from an instrument-only issue.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V37-GERMAN-EA-RUPEE", "label": "German East African rupee–pesa accounting", "navigation_group": "African and Pacific account systems", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "main_path_to_modern", "modern_reachable_ids": [ "FTM000234", "FTM000235", "FTM000236", "FTM000237", "FTM000238", "FTM000240", "FTM000320" ], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2070", "C2071", "C2073", "C2074" ], "source_ids": [ "S1084" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [ "R-V37-003" ], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } }, { "currency_id": "CUR-V39-ROB-GOLD-DINAR", "label": "Rob gold-dinar legal accounting", "aliases": [ "Rob gold-dinar legal accounting" ], "unit_epochs": [ { "id": "EPOCH39-C2092", "label": "Rob gold-dinar contractual fine", "date": { "earliest_year": 332, "latest_year": 332, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "332", "qualification_note": "Approximate conversion of Bactrian year110; earlier scholarship used343CE." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2092" ], "source_ids": [ "S1098", "S1099" ], "kind": "same_currency_continuity" } ], "events": [], "associated_records": [], "relationship_ids": [], "claim_ids": [ "C2092", "C2093" ], "source_ids": [ "S1098", "S1099" ], "research_updates": [ { "title": "Rob gold-dinar contractual fine", "text": "Bactrian documentA at Rob, dated approximately 332 CE in the more recent chronology, stipulates a20-gold-dinar fine to the royal treasury and another to the opposing party. This is a monetary legal obligation. Admit a scoped local gold-dinar profile; the older published343 CE era conversion is not silently reused.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" }, { "title": "Kushano-Sasanian association; earlier account ancestry open", "text": "Morris associates the gold dinars in these legal documents with Kushano-Sasanian issues. This provides regional monetary context, but does not itself establish the account transition from Bactrian drachmas, a Roman denarius parent, or continuity to a modern dinar. Hold those ancestry links.", "report_url": "/revision-39/index.html" } ], "account_unit_observations": [ { "event_id": "OBS39-C2092-CUR-V39-ROB-GOLD-DINAR-332", "scope": "Bactrian documentA at Rob, dated approximately 332 CE in the more recent chronology, stipulates a20-gold-dinar fine to the royal treasury and another to the opposing party. This is a monetary legal obligation. Admit a scoped local gold-dinar profile; the older published343 CE era conversion is not silently reused.", "date": { "earliest_year": 332, "latest_year": 332, "precision": "year", "qualifier": "approximate", "calendar": "CE/BCE, historical year numbering; no year zero", "original_text": "332", "qualification_note": "Approximate conversion of Bactrian year110; earlier scholarship used343CE." }, "claim_ids": [ "C2092" ], "source_ids": [ "S1098", "S1099" ], "anchor_role": "account_unit_observation", "date_is_creation": false } ], "summary": "Bactrian documentA at Rob, dated approximately 332 CE in the more recent chronology, stipulates a20-gold-dinar fine to the royal treasury and another to the opposing party. This is a monetary legal obligation. Admit a scoped local gold-dinar profile; the older published343 CE era conversion is not silently reused.", "historical_audit": { "currency_id": "CUR-V39-ROB-GOLD-DINAR", "label": "Rob gold-dinar legal accounting", "navigation_group": "Ancient account units — disconnected", "endpoint_codes": [], "added_in_revision31": false, "graph_status": "no_modern_path_recorded", "modern_reachable_ids": [], "lifecycle": { "status": "ending_not_reviewed_in_this_sweep", "ending_years": null, "assertion": "No new lifecycle adjudication in this sweep. Existing relationships and dated observations are retained.", "claim_ids": [], "source_ids": [], "successor_ids": [], "family_fate": "not_established" }, "claim_ids": [ "C2092", "C2093" ], "source_ids": [ "S1098", "S1099" ], "successor_relationship_ids": [], "temporal_successor_ids": [], "whole_family_extinction": "not_established", "review_scope": "Graph inventory for every identity; source-level lifecycle assessment only where explicitly supplied." } } ]