{ "date": "2026-10-13", "dataset": "v44", "scope": "Every currency and admitted predecessor checked against whole-history and all family map projections. All 98 earlier roots reconciled against retained claims, with fresh targeted European research in revision 44; not an independent rereading of every publication.", "currencies": 401, "connections": 360, "roots_reviewed": 98, "remaining_roots": 92, "restored_connections": [ "R0137", "R-V44-001", "R-V44-002", "R-V44-003", "R-V44-004", "R-V44-005" ], "views": [ { "view": "whole-history", "currencies": 401, "connections": 360, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "rupee", "currencies": 49, "connections": 43, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "arabia", "currencies": 15, "connections": 15, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "iran", "currencies": 5, "connections": 3, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "ancient", "currencies": 18, "connections": 7, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "east-asia", "currencies": 36, "connections": 30, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "southeast-asia", "currencies": 18, "connections": 9, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "dollar", "currencies": 162, "connections": 175, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "iberia", "currencies": 21, "connections": 16, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "ottoman", "currencies": 31, "connections": 28, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "franc", "currencies": 127, "connections": 142, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "africa-pacific", "currencies": 14, "connections": 2, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "euro", "currencies": 69, "connections": 86, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "thaler", "currencies": 93, "connections": 108, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "ruble", "currencies": 83, "connections": 101, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "sterling", "currencies": 117, "connections": 134, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "indigenous-americas", "currencies": 3, "connections": 0, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] }, { "view": "digital", "currencies": 0, "connections": 0, "missing_incoming_connections": [], "undrawn_connections": [] } ], "roots": [ { "id": "CUR-V19-DARIC", "label": "Achaemenid daric payment unit", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Daric-denominated military pay is established. Persian continuation of Croeseid coin issues does not resolve a Croeseid-account to daric identity boundary; the proposed later Sardian conversion also lacks an exact conquest-date anchor.", "claim_ids": [ "C1037", "C1038", "C1055", "C1333" ], "source_ids": [ "S129", "S485", "S646" ], "previous_finding": "Daric-denominated military pay is established. Persian continuation of Croeseid coin issues does not resolve a Croeseid-account to daric identity boundary; the proposed later Sardian conversion also lacks an exact conquest-date anchor.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000296", "label": "Afghan rupee — Kabuli account unit", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Kabuli-rupee reckoning is established as the predecessor replaced by the afghani in 1925–1926. A Mughal-to-Kabuli regional account inheritance is still missing; the rupee name and old standard-match candidate do not supply it.", "claim_ids": [ "C1136", "C2014" ], "source_ids": [ "S1041", "S324", "S539", "S913" ], "previous_finding": "Kabuli-rupee reckoning is established as the predecessor replaced by the afghani in 1925–1926. A Mughal-to-Kabuli regional account inheritance is still missing; the rupee name and old standard-match candidate do not supply it.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V22-ALBANIAN-FRANG", "disposition": "earlier_history_same_identity", "finding": "Existing gold-franc reckoning precedes national bank issuance; no issuer-based new identity or demonstrated founding parent.", "claim_ids": [ "C1768", "C1769", "C1770", "C1809" ], "source_ids": [ "S918", "S919", "S920" ], "label": "Albanian gold franc / frang", "previous_finding": "Existing gold-franc reckoning precedes national bank issuance; no issuer-based new identity or demonstrated founding parent.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000276", "disposition": "qualified_candidate_unresolved", "finding": "French fiscal use precedes Algerian accounts distinguished by 1878; separation enactment and date unresolved; unreviewed LEG00281.", "claim_ids": [ "C1811", "C1774" ], "source_ids": [ "S856", "S857" ], "label": "Algerian franc", "previous_finding": "French fiscal use precedes Algerian accounts distinguished by 1878; separation enactment and date unresolved; unreviewed LEG00281.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-ASANTE-PEREDWAN", "label": "Asante gold-account reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Peredwan and its fractions denominate fines and distributions. Metrological relationships to other gold standards do not establish an inherited parent, and full lifecycle termination remains unresolved.", "claim_ids": [ "C1356", "C1726" ], "source_ids": [ "S671" ], "previous_finding": "Peredwan and its fractions denominate fines and distributions. Metrological relationships to other gold standards do not establish an inherited parent, and full lifecycle termination remains unresolved.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V31-LEONESE-SILVER-SOLIDUS", "label": "Astur-Leonese and Castilian solidus–dinero accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Local charter solidus/dinero obligations are documented and retained within one account profile. Frankish denarii as their source is explicitly hypothetical; Visigothic-to-northwestern-Iberian continuity and the León-to-Portugal boundary remain unresolved.", "claim_ids": [ "C1891", "C1892", "C1983", "C1995", "C2095" ], "source_ids": [ "S1033", "S993" ], "previous_finding": "Local charter solidus/dinero obligations are documented and retained within one account profile. Frankish denarii as their source is explicitly hypothetical; Visigothic-to-northwestern-Iberian continuity and the León-to-Portugal boundary remain unresolved.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-ATHENIAN-DRACHMA", "label": "Attic drachma accounting — Athenian, Alexandrine and Bactrian traditions", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Attic treasury and property obligations establish the account, with qualified Alexandrine/Bactrian regional continuations grouped inside it. Neither those witnesses nor separate kasapana records demonstrate an earlier Lydian or Persian account parent.", "claim_ids": [ "C1377", "C1378", "C2018", "C2088", "C2089" ], "source_ids": [ "S1051", "S1067", "S1093", "S1094", "S1095", "S689", "S690" ], "previous_finding": "Attic treasury and property obligations establish the account, with qualified Alexandrine/Bactrian regional continuations grouped inside it. Neither those witnesses nor separate kasapana records demonstrate an earlier Lydian or Persian account parent.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000321", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Convention and Austrian-standard changes retained within identity; outgoing krone conversion documented; LEG00327 unreviewed.", "claim_ids": [ "C1786", "C1787", "C844" ], "source_ids": [ "S937", "S426" ], "label": "Austrian gulden — pre-1892 unit", "previous_finding": "Convention and Austrian-standard changes retained within identity; outgoing krone conversion documented; LEG00327 unreviewed.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-BALI-PISIS", "label": "Balinese cash / pisis accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Balinese cash/pisis legal reckoning is recorded as cash displaced older measures. The inspected wording does not establish carry-over of masaka balances or a precise conversion, so the earlier account remains a candidate rather than parent.", "claim_ids": [ "C2060", "C2061" ], "source_ids": [ "S1078", "S1079" ], "previous_finding": "Balinese cash/pisis legal reckoning is recorded as cash displaced older measures. The inspected wording does not establish carry-over of masaka balances or a precise conversion, so the earlier account remains a candidate rather than parent.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-BALI-MASAKA", "label": "Balinese masaka accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Sukawana and Sembiran inheritance provisions value heterogeneous estates in masaka/ma. Shared scales and later legal wording do not establish a preceding Javanese parent or continuous conversion into pisis.", "claim_ids": [ "C2058", "C2059", "C2061" ], "source_ids": [ "S1078", "S1079" ], "previous_finding": "Sukawana and Sembiran inheritance provisions value heterogeneous estates in masaka/ma. Shared scales and later legal wording do not establish a preceding Javanese parent or continuous conversion into pisis.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000246", "disposition": "standard_only", "finding": "The Belgian monetary law of 5 June 1832 replaced Netherlands-florin reckoning in Belgian public accounts and inherited obligations. Articles 25–26 prescribed 47¼ Netherlands cents per Belgian franc for earlier florin contracts, orders and mandates, and required francs and centimes in public and administrative acts from 1 January 1833. This was a territorial account substitution, not the extinction of the Dutch guilder elsewhere or an immediate recall of all older coins.", "claim_ids": [ "C782", "C1653", "C2108" ], "source_ids": [ "S398", "S1103" ], "label": "Belgian franc", "previous_finding": "French decimal silver-franc standard adoption deliberately withheld from principal-account succession; policy review possible, not rendering omission.", "connection_ids": [ "R-V44-001" ], "outcome": "connection_restored" }, { "id": "FTM000063", "label": "Boliviano", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "The 1826 salary-peso observation is documented, but its identity with the 1863 boliviano across strong/feble peso practices remains unresolved. The old eight-soles candidate is not a supported incoming conversion.", "claim_ids": [ "C1340", "C1341", "C1342" ], "source_ids": [ "S660", "S661" ], "previous_finding": "The 1826 salary-peso observation is documented, but its identity with the 1863 boliviano across strong/feble peso practices remains unresolved. The old eight-soles candidate is not a supported incoming conversion.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-BOMBAY-XERAPHIN", "label": "Bombay xeraphin accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "The 1674 Aungier Convention's annual xeraphin contribution establishes Bombay obligations. A Portuguese xerafim predecessor cannot be assumed from the name without an account-identity bridge.", "claim_ids": [ "C2045", "C2046" ], "source_ids": [ "S1072" ], "previous_finding": "The 1674 Aungier Convention's annual xeraphin contribution establishes Bombay obligations. A Portuguese xerafim predecessor cannot be assumed from the name without an account-identity bridge.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-BUGANDA-SIMBI", "label": "Buganda simbi / kiasa reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Buganda shell counting establishes local simbi/kiasa obligations. The later cent design's kiasa influence does not prove cowrie-account ancestry of an existing rupee; neither an earlier parent nor full successor conversion is established.", "claim_ids": [ "C2064", "C2065", "C2066", "C2069" ], "source_ids": [ "S1081", "S1082", "S1083" ], "previous_finding": "Buganda shell counting establishes local simbi/kiasa obligations. The later cent design's kiasa influence does not prove cowrie-account ancestry of an existing rupee; neither an earlier parent nor full successor conversion is established.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-CAMBODIA-BAT", "label": "Cambodian bat–ligature legal accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Aymonier distinguishes legal bat/ligature/damleng accounts from weights. Ten-tiền subdivision imitation is limited influence; derivation of the whole account from Thai money and later piastre absorption remain unverified.", "claim_ids": [ "C2055", "C2056" ], "source_ids": [ "S1077" ], "previous_finding": "Aymonier distinguishes legal bat/ligature/damleng accounts from weights. Ten-tiền subdivision imitation is limited influence; derivation of the whole account from Thai money and later piastre absorption remain unverified.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "T-FTM000719", "label": "Cambodian riel", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "The 1980 riel restored the currency name and entered salary/purchase accounts after abolition. Carry-over or redemption of pre-1975 balances is not established, so R-V23-015 remains a name-restoration context link rather than ancestry.", "claim_ids": [ "C1175", "C1226", "C1292", "C1614" ], "source_ids": [ "S574", "S591", "S650", "S838", "S839" ], "previous_finding": "The 1980 riel restored the currency name and entered salary/purchase accounts after abolition. Carry-over or redemption of pre-1975 balances is not established, so R-V23-015 remains a name-restoration context link rather than ancestry.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-CENTRAL-MEXICO-QUACHTLI", "label": "Central Mexican quachtli reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "A 20-quachtli land transaction and Cuernavaca purchase description support the scoped cloth-value account. They do not establish inheritance from cacao or another named regional unit.", "claim_ids": [ "C1361", "C1362" ], "source_ids": [ "S679" ], "previous_finding": "A 20-quachtli land transaction and Cuernavaca purchase description support the scoped cloth-value account. They do not establish inheritance from cacao or another named regional unit.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000066", "label": "Chilean peso", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "The 1851 law defines Chilean peso decimal accounting and later peso-to-escudo succession is documented. The preceding Spanish-peso to Chilean national account boundary is not established by the retained evidence; LEG00056 remains unreviewed.", "claim_ids": [ "C1272", "C1017" ], "source_ids": [ "S624", "S625", "S98" ], "previous_finding": "The 1851 law defines Chilean peso decimal accounting and later peso-to-escudo succession is documented. The preceding Spanish-peso to Chilean national account boundary is not established by the retained evidence; LEG00056 remains unreviewed.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-COCHIN-PANAM", "label": "Cochin panam / fanam accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Paolino records local panam prices during 1776–1789 and exchange against outside rupees. This distinguishes Cochin reckoning but does not establish a rupee parent or inheritance from other fanam-named accounts.", "claim_ids": [ "C2044" ], "source_ids": [ "S1071" ], "previous_finding": "Paolino records local panam prices during 1776–1789 and exchange against outside rupees. This distinguishes Cochin reckoning but does not establish a rupee parent or inheritance from other fanam-named accounts.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-CONGO-MITAKO", "label": "Congo state-regulated mitako reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Mitako prices and reported decrees regulate salary use and conversion to state currency. The original laws are uninspected and do not establish the unit's inherited predecessor or a universal extinction/conversion event.", "claim_ids": [ "C1355", "C1725" ], "source_ids": [ "S670" ], "previous_finding": "Mitako prices and reported decrees regulate salary use and conversion to state currency. The original laws are uninspected and do not establish the unit's inherited predecessor or a universal extinction/conversion event.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000248", "disposition": "origin_unresolved", "finding": "Autonomous 1887 Congolese unit; 1886 franc budgeting identity unresolved; Belgian circulation and standard conformity do not establish Belgian ancestry.", "claim_ids": [ "C1462", "C1717", "C1772", "C1810" ], "source_ids": [ "S724", "S855", "S921" ], "label": "Congolese franc, pre-1967", "previous_finding": "Autonomous 1887 Congolese unit; 1886 franc budgeting identity unresolved; Belgian circulation and standard conformity do not establish Belgian ancestry.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V31-CORDOBAN-DINAR-DIRHAM", "label": "Cordoban dinar-dirham accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Cordoban prices, pensions and notarial formulae establish dinar-dirham reckoning. They do not document the incoming account transition from an eastern Islamic unit or outgoing abolition/conversion into later Andalusian systems.", "claim_ids": [ "C1913", "C1914", "C1915", "C1950", "C1956" ], "source_ids": [ "S1007" ], "previous_finding": "Cordoban prices, pensions and notarial formulae establish dinar-dirham reckoning. They do not document the incoming account transition from an eastern Islamic unit or outgoing abolition/conversion into later Andalusian systems.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000072", "label": "Costa Rican peso", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Costa Rican peso obligations are attested by 1839 employee-payment vouchers and its later colón replacement is supported. Earlier Federal and Spanish account succession remains unproved in the retained record.", "claim_ids": [ "C1273", "C1510", "C1594" ], "source_ids": [ "S626" ], "previous_finding": "Costa Rican peso obligations are attested by 1839 employee-payment vouchers and its later colón replacement is supported. Earlier Federal and Spanish account succession remains unproved in the retained record.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000331", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Outgoing krone conversion documented; LEG00337 incoming standard match unreviewed.", "claim_ids": [ "C1110" ], "source_ids": [ "S251" ], "label": "Danish rigsdaler", "previous_finding": "Outgoing krone conversion documented; LEG00337 incoming standard match unreviewed.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000337", "disposition": "earlier_history_same_identity", "finding": "Qualified Carolusguilder continuity from 1526 retained within identity; no separate 1694 or 1816 currency; earlier LEG00343 unreviewed.", "claim_ids": [ "C1270" ], "source_ids": [ "S620", "S621", "S619" ], "label": "Dutch guilder (euro predecessor)", "previous_finding": "Qualified Carolusguilder continuity from 1526 retained within identity; no separate 1694 or 1816 currency; earlier LEG00343 unreviewed.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "T-FTM000480", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Scoped Dutch lion-dollar trade account identity excludes generic thalers and mint-date birth; no demonstrated account predecessor.", "claim_ids": [ "C1215" ], "source_ids": [ "S601", "S557" ], "label": "Dutch lion-dollar trade account unit", "previous_finding": "Scoped Dutch lion-dollar trade account identity excludes generic thalers and mint-date birth; no demonstrated account predecessor.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-COAST-DOTI", "label": "East African coastal doti-merikani reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Coastal export values were reckoned in four-yard doti-merikani by 1870. Variable inland cloth lengths prevent assuming a single cloth currency, and market exchange does not establish a monetary parent or successor.", "claim_ids": [ "C2067", "C2069" ], "source_ids": [ "S1082", "S1083" ], "previous_finding": "Coastal export values were reckoned in four-yard doti-merikani by 1870. Variable inland cloth lengths prevent assuming a single cloth currency, and market exchange does not establish a monetary parent or successor.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V23-EAST-SWISS-REICHSGULDEN", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Contracts and outgoing federal-franc conversion documented, no founding parent.", "claim_ids": [ "C1162" ], "source_ids": [ "S551" ], "label": "Eastern Swiss Reichswährung gulden (contract unit)", "previous_finding": "Contracts and outgoing federal-franc conversion documented, no founding parent.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000375", "label": "Egyptian pound", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Egyptian medin/para, piastre and pound are retained as one local account identity. Their changing principal scale does not create successive currency parents; a preceding distinct Ottoman or Mamluk account-unit transfer remains unproved.", "claim_ids": [ "C1188", "C1291", "C1884", "C1885" ], "source_ids": [ "S557", "S558", "S647", "S648", "S649", "S906", "S978" ], "previous_finding": "Egyptian medin/para, piastre and pound are retained as one local account identity. Their changing principal scale does not create successive currency parents; a preceding distinct Ottoman or Mamluk account-unit transfer remains unproved.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V25-EPHESOS-GOLD", "label": "Ephesian Artemision gold account unit", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Artemision receipts are aggregated in pure-gold minas, supporting a scoped treasury account. Bullion reckoning coexisting with electrum coins does not establish Lydian electrum or Croeseid ancestry.", "claim_ids": [ "C1328", "C1329", "C1330" ], "source_ids": [ "S644" ], "previous_finding": "Artemision receipts are aggregated in pure-gold minas, supporting a scoped treasury account. Bullion reckoning coexisting with electrum coins does not establish Lydian electrum or Croeseid ancestry.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "T-FTM000808", "disposition": "benchmark_only", "finding": "New basket benchmarked to SDR value; explicitly not SDR replacement.", "claim_ids": [ "C652", "C653" ], "source_ids": [ "S353" ], "label": "European unit of account (EUA)", "previous_finding": "New basket benchmarked to SDR value; explicitly not SDR replacement.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V31-GALICIAN-SOLIDUS", "label": "Galician solidus accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Galician-usage solidi denominate charter purchases paid in varied goods. Proposed Frankish derivation remains a hypothesis; the gallicanus name, possible French coin use and twelve-part scale do not identify the inherited predecessor unit.", "claim_ids": [ "C1893", "C1894", "C2095" ], "source_ids": [ "S1033", "S993" ], "previous_finding": "Galician-usage solidi denominate charter purchases paid in varied goods. Proposed Frankish derivation remains a hypothesis; the gallicanus name, possible French coin use and twelve-part scale do not identify the inherited predecessor unit.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-GAMBIA-BAR", "label": "Gambia River trade bar", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Trade purchases and a reported 300-bar obligation establish Gambia bar reckoning. Equating the author's bars/crowns terminology with another named crown currency would require an account inheritance record absent from these observations.", "claim_ids": [ "C1350", "C1351" ], "source_ids": [ "S668" ], "previous_finding": "Trade purchases and a reported 300-bar obligation establish Gambia bar reckoning. Equating the author's bars/crowns terminology with another named crown currency would require an account inheritance record absent from these observations.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-GENOA-CURRENT", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Felloni traces the Carolingian pound–shilling–denier system through regional Pavia money to Genoa’s local reckoning. The Genoese mint contract of 1141 specifies lire, and his account follows the Genoese lira through later changes. This supports qualified inherited account ancestry through Italian intermediates, not direct Frankish-to-Genoese debt conversion or parity. The 1138–1141 interval covers mint authorization and account documentation; it is not an exact separation date.", "claim_ids": [ "C1404", "C1405", "C1563", "C1803", "C2109" ], "source_ids": [ "S705", "S935", "S1109" ], "label": "Genoese lira — commercial and fuori-banco account", "previous_finding": "Distinct commercial accounts and outgoing replacement documented, no founding parent.", "connection_ids": [ "R-V44-002" ], "outcome": "connection_restored" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-GENOA-BANCO", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Genoese banco ledgers opened in 1675 using the commercial lira’s legal valuation. On 1 July 1741 the outside-bank legal tariff changed while banco retained the older valuations. This supports an institutional branch from the commercial account tradition. The direction is a historical inference from the older commercial unit; shared initial valuation was not a permanent peg, and the interval does not date a single founding act.", "claim_ids": [ "C1401", "C1402", "C1562", "C2110" ], "source_ids": [ "S705" ], "label": "Genoese lira di banco", "previous_finding": "Distinct denomination and continuity across banks documented, no founding predecessor.", "connection_ids": [ "R-V44-003" ], "outcome": "connection_restored" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-GENOA-PERMESSO", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "The Genoese permesso account of 1751 was derived from outside-bank commercial money at 115 market-valued lire to 100 lire di permesso, using valuations published on 28 April. It served specified fiscal and debt-service purposes. The basis was the market or abusiva valuation of commercial money, not the separate statutory tariff of 1741 or the banco lira.", "claim_ids": [ "C1406", "C1564", "C2111" ], "source_ids": [ "S705" ], "label": "Genoese lira di permesso", "previous_finding": "Separate tax and debt-service denomination documented, not founding genealogy.", "connection_ids": [ "R-V44-004" ], "outcome": "connection_restored" }, { "id": "CUR-V29-GOVARDHANA-KAHAPANA", "label": "Govardhana / Nasik kahapana account", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Govardhana endowment principal and recurring entitlements establish local kahapana accounts. Greek/Persian coin standards and Harappan weights do not demonstrate account inheritance; separate Bactrian kasapana terms have disputed equivalence.", "claim_ids": [ "C1823", "C1824", "C1857", "C2035", "C2089", "C2090", "C2091" ], "source_ids": [ "S1064", "S1067", "S1096", "S1097", "S971", "S972" ], "previous_finding": "Govardhana endowment principal and recurring entitlements establish local kahapana accounts. Greek/Persian coin standards and Harappan weights do not demonstrate account inheritance; separate Bactrian kasapana terms have disputed equivalence.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V31-GRANADA-DIRHAM-ACCOUNT", "label": "Granadan dirham–dinar / pesante reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Granadan contracts, debt rescaling and later tax accounts establish local dirham/dinar/pesante continuity. Those scales are internal denominations; an incoming Cordoban-to-Granadan account bridge is not supplied and 1492 is not a demonstrated ending.", "claim_ids": [ "C1916", "C1917", "C1918", "C1952", "C1957" ], "source_ids": [ "S1008", "S1009", "S1010" ], "previous_finding": "Granadan contracts, debt rescaling and later tax accounts establish local dirham/dinar/pesante continuity. Those scales are internal denominations; an incoming Cordoban-to-Granadan account bridge is not supplied and 1492 is not a demonstrated ending.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "T-FTM000905", "disposition": "valuation_only", "finding": "One-sixth Spanish-dollar valuation is expressly a standard, not compulsory dollar replacement.", "claim_ids": [ "C863", "C1654" ], "source_ids": [ "S429" ], "label": "Greek phoenix", "previous_finding": "One-sixth Spanish-dollar valuation is expressly a standard, not compulsory dollar replacement.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-HAIKWAN-TAEL", "label": "Haikwan customs tael", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Customs duties and statistics establish Haikwan account use; the 1930 import-duty transition to customs gold units is documented. The 1880 comparison with Kuping taels explicitly leaves the Haikwan standard's origin unexplained.", "claim_ids": [ "C1385", "C1665", "C1730", "C2008" ], "source_ids": [ "S1046", "S541", "S745" ], "previous_finding": "Customs duties and statistics establish Haikwan account use; the 1930 import-duty transition to customs gold units is documented. The 1880 comparison with Kuping taels explicitly leaves the Haikwan standard's origin unexplained.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "T-FTM000491", "disposition": "valuation_only", "finding": "Spanish dollar rated five local shillings; customary continuation after disallowance; no founding account descent demonstrated.", "claim_ids": [ "C160", "C316" ], "source_ids": [ "S11", "S156" ], "label": "Halifax pound of account", "previous_finding": "Spanish dollar rated five local shillings; customary continuation after disallowance; no founding account descent demonstrated.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-HAMBURG", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Compulsory banco denomination and outgoing Reichsmark conversion documented, no founding parent.", "claim_ids": [ "C1396", "C1397", "C1423", "C1435" ], "source_ids": [ "S112", "S702" ], "label": "Hamburg mark banco", "previous_finding": "Compulsory banco denomination and outgoing Reichsmark conversion documented, no founding parent.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V29-SARDIS-CHRYSOUS", "label": "Hellenistic Sardian chrysous account", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "The Mnesimachos mortgage establishes chrysous principal, penalty and tribute reckoning. Proposed derivation from Persian daric assessment remains contested and cannot be assigned a 334 BC conversion merely from conquest chronology.", "claim_ids": [ "C1822", "C1856", "C1861", "C1072", "C1073", "C1333" ], "source_ids": [ "S491", "S504", "S505", "S507", "S646", "S969" ], "previous_finding": "The Mnesimachos mortgage establishes chrysous principal, penalty and tribute reckoning. Proposed derivation from Persian daric assessment remains contested and cannot be assigned a 334 BC conversion merely from conquest chronology.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "T-FTM000839", "disposition": "model_only", "finding": "French-inspired decimal scheme uses Bernese monetary basis with different silver standard; French succession withheld, Bernese predecessor research gap. Earlier evidence now identifies this unit as the Bernese franc carried into the Helvetic system; its ancestry before Bernese accounting remains unresolved.", "claim_ids": [ "C778", "C2105", "C2106" ], "source_ids": [ "S401", "S1104", "S1105" ], "label": "Bernese–Helvetic old franc", "previous_finding": "French-inspired decimal scheme uses Bernese monetary basis with different silver standard; French succession withheld, Bernese predecessor research gap.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-HYDERABAD-RUPEE", "label": "Hyderabad Osmania / Hali sicca rupee", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Osmania/Hali sicca legal tender, reserves and local price series establish a distinct Hyderabad account. Their later Indian-rupee absorption does not establish a prior Mughal parent without the missing regional account-inheritance evidence.", "claim_ids": [ "C1387", "C1388", "C1764", "C1765", "C2014" ], "source_ids": [ "S1041", "S541", "S913", "S914" ], "previous_finding": "Osmania/Hali sicca legal tender, reserves and local price series establish a distinct Hyderabad account. Their later Indian-rupee absorption does not establish a prior Mughal parent without the missing regional account-inheritance evidence.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "T-FTM000604", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Sterling assimilation documented; medieval mint/circulation evidence explicitly not uninterrupted unit genealogy.", "claim_ids": [ "C296", "C297", "C298", "C303", "C304" ], "source_ids": [ "S152", "S153", "S155" ], "label": "Irish pound — pre-1826 account unit", "previous_finding": "Sterling assimilation documented; medieval mint/circulation evidence explicitly not uninterrupted unit genealogy.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-JPN-GINME", "label": "Japanese silver monme / ginme accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Independent Japanese silver-monme accounts and their later conversion to gold/cash obligations are documented. They are not subdivisions of ryō or mon, and Chinese coin-model transmission does not establish a silver-account parent.", "claim_ids": [ "C1382", "C1383", "C1419", "C1420", "C2015" ], "source_ids": [ "S1047", "S695", "S696" ], "previous_finding": "Independent Japanese silver-monme accounts and their later conversion to gold/cash obligations are documented. They are not subdivisions of ryō or mon, and Chinese coin-model transmission does not establish a silver-account parent.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-KONGO-NZIMBU", "label": "Kongo nzimbu reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "The reported 1575 letter and tribute liabilities establish nzimbu reckoning. The separately reported 1782 measures do not establish a prior currency parent or warrant projecting their factors onto the earlier account.", "claim_ids": [ "C1354" ], "source_ids": [ "S670" ], "previous_finding": "The reported 1575 letter and tribute liabilities establish nzimbu reckoning. The separately reported 1782 measures do not establish a prior currency parent or warrant projecting their factors onto the earlier account.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-KOVE-TAMBU", "label": "Kove tambu obligation reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Loans and bride payments establish quantified Kove tambu obligations. Shared tambu terminology with Tolai is not an attested account transfer; survival is observed in 1966–1972, with origin and later fate unreviewed.", "claim_ids": [ "C1359", "C1728" ], "source_ids": [ "S674" ], "previous_finding": "Loans and bride payments establish quantified Kove tambu obligations. Shared tambu terminology with Tolai is not an attested account transfer; survival is observed in 1966–1972, with origin and later fate unreviewed.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-LAGUNA-SUWARNA", "label": "Laguna kati–suwarna debt accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "The Laguna inscription records a specific kati/suwarna debt. Shared Javanese monetary vocabulary does not establish inherited account identity or a continuous route into the Philippine peso, and this one witness is not an archipelago-wide currency.", "claim_ids": [ "C2062", "C2063" ], "source_ids": [ "S1080" ], "previous_finding": "The Laguna inscription records a specific kati/suwarna debt. Shared Javanese monetary vocabulary does not establish inherited account identity or a continuous route into the Philippine peso, and this one witness is not an archipelago-wide currency.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-MADRAS-PAGODA", "label": "Madras pagoda–fanam accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Madras pagoda expenses and fanam subdivisions are documented, followed by 1818 rupee conversion. Association of earlier new pagodas with the later Star-pagoda profile is qualified; an incoming regional pagoda account parent is not established.", "claim_ids": [ "C2041", "C2042", "C2072" ], "source_ids": [ "S1068", "S1069", "S1070" ], "previous_finding": "Madras pagoda expenses and fanam subdivisions are documented, followed by 1818 rupee conversion. Association of earlier new pagodas with the later Star-pagoda profile is qualified; an incoming regional pagoda account parent is not established.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V27-MOROCCO-HASSANI", "label": "Moroccan Hassani reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Hassani transaction reckoning is distinguished from Spanish pesetas and French francs, with its 1920 franc exchange documented. The shared peseta label and conversion do not establish Spanish ancestry of the earlier Hassani account.", "claim_ids": [ "C1443", "C1661", "C1729" ], "source_ids": [ "S725" ], "previous_finding": "Hassani transaction reckoning is distinguished from Spanish pesetas and French francs, with its 1920 franc exchange documented. The shared peseta label and conversion do not establish Spanish ancestry of the earlier Hassani account.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V35-MUGHAL-RUPEE", "label": "Mughal rupee–dam accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Mughal rupee/dam/jital salary and fiscal accounts form one identity, with a qualified Bengal/Company successor branch. Delhi tanka-to-Suri/Mughal account continuity remains open; ancient drachm coin circulation is not that bridge.", "claim_ids": [ "C2002", "C2004", "C2010", "C2014", "C2035" ], "source_ids": [ "S1041", "S1042", "S1043", "S1064", "S1067", "S913" ], "previous_finding": "Mughal rupee/dam/jital salary and fiscal accounts form one identity, with a qualified Bengal/Company successor branch. Delhi tanka-to-Suri/Mughal account continuity remains open; ancient drachm coin circulation is not that bridge.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V24-NPL-PAISA16", "label": "Nepalese 16-ganda paisa rupee", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "The 1855 endowment distinguishes 16-ganda paisa rupees from mohar rupees, and later consolidation is documented. Its own origin or inherited earlier account unit is not established by the conversion between concurrently valued units.", "claim_ids": [ "C1212", "C1511", "C1612" ], "source_ids": [ "S576", "S577" ], "previous_finding": "The 1855 endowment distinguishes 16-ganda paisa rupees from mohar rupees, and later consolidation is documented. Its own origin or inherited earlier account unit is not established by the conversion between concurrently valued units.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "T-FTM000606", "disposition": "documented_edge_omitted", "finding": "Public-account redenomination from the existing New Brunswick pound into dollars at 4:1; optional dollar expression existed earlier, parallel pound columns remained permitted, and the 1852 law continued subject to amendments. Not coin recall or extinction.", "claim_ids": [ "C388", "C389", "C397" ], "source_ids": [ "S187" ], "missing_edge_id": "R0137", "label": "New Brunswick decimal dollar", "previous_finding": "R0137 is primary supported statutory pound-to-dollar public-account succession in raw data but profile_relationship in identity review; 4 dollars per pound, 1 November 1860; optional pound columns remain. If both identities retained show connection; merging would require separate identity adjudication.", "connection_ids": [ "R0137" ], "outcome": "connection_restored" }, { "id": "T-FTM000639", "disposition": "valuation_only", "finding": "Existing local pound and sovereign rating documented, not GBP founding descent; statutory dollar successor R0137 omitted.", "claim_ids": [ "C385", "C387", "C388", "C389", "C397" ], "source_ids": [ "S186", "S187" ], "label": "New Brunswick pound of account", "previous_finding": "Existing local pound and sovereign rating documented, not GBP founding descent; statutory dollar successor R0137 omitted.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-NEWJERSEY-POUND", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Qualified local accounts distinct from sterling obligations documented, no founding conversion.", "claim_ids": [ "C1370", "C1371", "C1372", "C1373" ], "source_ids": [ "S684", "S685" ], "label": "New Jersey provincial pound of account", "previous_finding": "Qualified local accounts distinct from sterling obligations documented, no founding conversion.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "T-FTM000494", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "1863/1865 decimalization, 1895 Canadian alignment and coinage end documented; founding predecessor unresolved.", "claim_ids": [ "C163", "C314", "C315" ], "source_ids": [ "S11", "S156", "S161" ], "label": "Newfoundland dollar", "previous_finding": "1863/1865 decimalization, 1895 Canadian alignment and coinage end documented; founding predecessor unresolved.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-NGUYEN-QUAN", "label": "Nguyễn quan–tiền fiscal accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Nguyễn salary and fiscal records establish quan/tiền accounts. Reported Annamese influence on Cambodian ligature subdivisions does not establish an incoming Chinese parent or full outgoing Cambodian account ancestry.", "claim_ids": [ "C2052", "C2053", "C2054", "C2056" ], "source_ids": [ "S1075", "S1076", "S1077" ], "previous_finding": "Nguyễn salary and fiscal records establish quan/tiền accounts. Reported Annamese influence on Cambodian ligature subdivisions does not establish an incoming Chinese parent or full outgoing Cambodian account ancestry.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-ETHIOPIA-AMOLE", "label": "Northern Ethiopian amole reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Tax schedules and prices establish amole reckoning. Earlier salt trade in 525 is only commodity context, not documented continuous ancestry; 1935 is a study boundary rather than proven unit termination.", "claim_ids": [ "C1352", "C1353", "C1724" ], "source_ids": [ "S669" ], "previous_finding": "Tax schedules and prices establish amole reckoning. Earlier salt trade in 525 is only commodity context, not documented continuous ancestry; 1935 is a study boundary rather than proven unit termination.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000335", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Outgoing 1875 replacement documented; LEG00341 incoming standard match unreviewed.", "claim_ids": [ "C1111" ], "source_ids": [ "S263" ], "label": "Norwegian speciedaler", "previous_finding": "Outgoing 1875 replacement documented; LEG00341 incoming standard match unreviewed.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "T-FTM000493", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "1860 decimal transition and later Canadian 75:73 alignment documented; retained claims do not explicitly identify predecessor and ratio.", "claim_ids": [ "C162", "C313" ], "source_ids": [ "S11", "S160" ], "label": "Nova Scotia decimal dollar", "previous_finding": "1860 decimal transition and later Canadian 75:73 alignment documented; retained claims do not explicitly identify predecessor and ratio.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-ODISHA-COWRIE", "label": "Odisha / Orissa cowrie accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Orissa public accounts were reported in cowries in 1803. The differing official and market rupee rates and required silver tax payment do not prove a rupee parent, general account succession or enduring peg.", "claim_ids": [ "C2047", "C2048" ], "source_ids": [ "S1073" ], "previous_finding": "Orissa public accounts were reported in cowries in 1803. The differing official and market rupee rates and required silver tax payment do not prove a rupee parent, general account succession or enduring peg.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-OLD-ASSYRIAN-SILVER", "label": "Old Assyrian silver reckoning at Kanesh", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Kanesh loans, investments and balances in silver minas/shekel fractions establish monetary obligations. Shared silver-weight words do not establish succession from Ur III Umma or another earlier local account.", "claim_ids": [ "C1374", "C1375" ], "source_ids": [ "S168", "S687", "S688" ], "previous_finding": "Kanesh loans, investments and balances in silver minas/shekel fractions establish monetary obligations. Shared silver-weight words do not establish succession from Ur III Umma or another earlier local account.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-OLD-BABYLONIAN-SILVER", "label": "Old Babylonian silver shekel reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Hammurabi-law physician fees and divorce compensation establish silver-shekel liabilities. The date belongs to the legal collection, not currency creation; inheritance from an earlier Mesopotamian unit remains undocumented here.", "claim_ids": [ "C1376" ], "source_ids": [ "S510" ], "previous_finding": "Hammurabi-law physician fees and divorce compensation establish silver-shekel liabilities. The date belongs to the legal collection, not currency creation; inheritance from an earlier Mesopotamian unit remains undocumented here.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-JAVA-MASA", "label": "Old Javanese masa–suwarna accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Old Javanese masa/suwarna monetary expressions are documented. Later updates to legal vocabulary and shared Laguna names do not establish transferred balances, a fixed conversion or one continuous Java–Bali–Philippines account.", "claim_ids": [ "C2057", "C2061", "C2063" ], "source_ids": [ "S1078", "S1079", "S1080" ], "previous_finding": "Old Javanese masa/suwarna monetary expressions are documented. Later updates to legal vocabulary and shared Laguna names do not establish transferred balances, a fixed conversion or one continuous Java–Bali–Philippines account.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V28-OLD-PIEDMONT-LIRA", "disposition": "earlier_history_same_identity", "finding": "Existing identity extends before restoration; outgoing conversion documented, no earlier founding parent.", "claim_ids": [ "C1745", "C1788", "C1802" ], "source_ids": [ "S935" ], "label": "Old Piedmont lira —20-soldi account unit", "previous_finding": "Existing identity extends before restoration; outgoing conversion documented, no earlier founding parent.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V30-LEVANT-SULTANI", "label": "Ottoman Levantine sultani gold account", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Damascus debt and Jerusalem endowment capital/proceeds establish sultani gold-account use. Valuation of para assets in sultanis does not itself show an inherited akçe/para parent or a single continuous account identity.", "claim_ids": [ "C1862", "C1874", "C1875", "C1889" ], "source_ids": [ "S980" ], "previous_finding": "Damascus debt and Jerusalem endowment capital/proceeds establish sultani gold-account use. Valuation of para assets in sultanis does not itself show an inherited akçe/para parent or a single continuous account identity.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000088", "label": "Paraguayan peso fuerte", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Paraguayan peso-fuerte salaries, real-denominated taxes and the 1842 retention of familiar monetary reckoning are recorded. The complete Spanish-to-local account lineage across later reorganizations is not established solely by the coinage authorization.", "claim_ids": [ "C1274", "C1305", "C1306" ], "source_ids": [ "S627" ], "previous_finding": "Paraguayan peso-fuerte salaries, real-denominated taxes and the 1842 retention of familiar monetary reckoning are recorded. The complete Spanish-to-local account lineage across later reorganizations is not established solely by the coinage authorization.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V28-PATNA-SANWAT", "label": "Patna Sanwat / Azeemabadee rupee account", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "The 1775 rent grant establishes distinct Sanwat Azeemabadee reckoning and a later conversion of that liability into sicca. An earlier Mughal-to-Patna account inheritance and universal abolition are not established by this local contract.", "claim_ids": [ "C1742", "C1798", "C1813", "C2014" ], "source_ids": [ "S1041", "S910", "S913" ], "previous_finding": "The 1775 rent grant establishes distinct Sanwat Azeemabadee reckoning and a later conversion of that liability into sicca. An earlier Mughal-to-Patna account inheritance and universal abolition are not established by this local contract.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-PENNSYLVANIA-POUND", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Local obligation reckoning documented, not founding descent.", "claim_ids": [ "C1365", "C1366", "C1367" ], "source_ids": [ "S682" ], "label": "Pennsylvania pound of account", "previous_finding": "Local obligation reckoning documented, not founding descent.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000031", "label": "Persian toman–dinar accounting — Ilkhanid and later traditions", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Persian dinar/toman accounting is extended through qualified Ilkhanid inheritance; Ghazan's six-dirham account is an epoch within that identity. The intervening inheritance from early eastern Islamic dirham accounts remains unestablished; the 1740 Mughal alignment is a later adopted basis.", "claim_ids": [ "C1997", "C1998", "C2033", "C2034" ], "source_ids": [ "S1038", "S1039", "S1040", "S1061", "S1062", "S1063" ], "previous_finding": "Persian dinar/toman accounting is extended through qualified Ilkhanid inheritance; Ghazan's six-dirham account is an epoch within that identity. The intervening inheritance from early eastern Islamic dirham accounts remains unestablished; the 1740 Mughal alignment is a later adopted basis.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V27-PERUVIAN-SOL-1863", "label": "Peruvian sol — nineteenth-century account unit", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "The 1863 law defines the sol as principal account unit and 1901 legislation converts prior sol obligations into pounds. The preceding peso-to-sol account bridge is not established in these retained claims.", "claim_ids": [ "C1449", "C1450", "C1688", "C1737" ], "source_ids": [ "S852", "S853" ], "previous_finding": "The 1863 law defines the sol as principal account unit and 1901 legislation converts prior sol obligations into pounds. The preceding peso-to-sol account bridge is not established in these retained claims.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "T-FTM000607", "disposition": "valuation_only", "finding": "1848 sterling reporting par does not establish founding descent; outgoing PEI-dollar R0110 already present.", "claim_ids": [ "C306", "C307" ], "source_ids": [ "S156" ], "label": "Prince Edward Island pound of account", "previous_finding": "1848 sterling reporting par does not establish founding descent; outgoing PEI-dollar R0110 already present.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000307", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Outgoing 3 marks per thaler documented; incoming LEG00313 unreviewed standard match.", "claim_ids": [ "C879" ], "source_ids": [ "S435" ], "label": "Prussian thaler — nineteenth-century unit", "previous_finding": "Outgoing 3 marks per thaler documented; incoming LEG00313 unreviewed standard match.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V35-QIN-CASH", "label": "Qin cash (qian) fiscal accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "A probably early-imperial Qin ordinance establishes cash obligations and repayment. It provides an earlier scoped account witness, without a documented incoming monetary ancestor or continuity through intervening dynasties into Tang accounting.", "claim_ids": [ "C2009", "C2016" ], "source_ids": [ "S1048" ], "previous_finding": "A probably early-imperial Qin ordinance establishes cash obligations and repayment. It provides an earlier scoped account witness, without a documented incoming monetary ancestor or continuity through intervening dynasties into Tang accounting.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-RAMESSIDE-COPPER-DEBEN", "label": "Ramesside copper-deben value reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "UC 39606 aggregates goods supplied for a bull in copper-deben value. The Ramesside date is a broad envelope; this witness establishes no inherited earlier account or bridge into later Egyptian drachma accounting.", "claim_ids": [ "C1379" ], "source_ids": [ "S691", "S692" ], "previous_finding": "UC 39606 aggregates goods supplied for a bull in copper-deben value. The Ramesside date is a broad envelope; this witness establishes no inherited earlier account or bridge into later Egyptian drachma accounting.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V39-ROB-GOLD-DINAR", "label": "Rob gold-dinar legal accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Rob legal documents denominate fines in gold dinars associated with Kushano-Sasanian issues. That regional coin context does not establish account transition from Bactrian drachmas, a Roman denarius parent or continuity to modern dinars.", "claim_ids": [ "C2092", "C2093" ], "source_ids": [ "S1098", "S1099" ], "previous_finding": "Rob legal documents denominate fines in gold dinars associated with Kushano-Sasanian issues. That regional coin context does not establish account transition from Bactrian drachmas, a Roman denarius parent or continuity to modern dinars.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-SHANGHAI-TAEL", "label": "Shanghai tael", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Shanghai taels independently denominate commercial obligations and are converted into existing yuan accounts. Reported merchant adoption in 1857 is not proof of origin or inheritance from Haikwan or another tael standard.", "claim_ids": [ "C1384", "C1421", "C2007" ], "source_ids": [ "S1044", "S541", "S697" ], "previous_finding": "Shanghai taels independently denominate commercial obligations and are converted into existing yuan accounts. Reported merchant adoption in 1857 is not proof of origin or inheritance from Haikwan or another tael standard.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "T-FTM000915", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Only outgoing 12 marks per 7 florins documented.", "claim_ids": [ "C880" ], "source_ids": [ "S435" ], "label": "South German florin — nineteenth-century unit", "previous_finding": "Only outgoing 12 marks per 7 florins documented.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-NEWENGLAND-WAMPUM", "label": "Southern New England wampum reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Named fathom counting and treaty obligations establish a scoped wampum account. These liabilities do not identify an earlier inherited currency, and settlement comparisons with colonial money are not ancestry evidence.", "claim_ids": [ "C1363", "C1364" ], "source_ids": [ "S680", "S681" ], "previous_finding": "Named fathom counting and treaty obligations establish a scoped wampum account. These liabilities do not identify an earlier inherited currency, and settlement comparisons with colonial money are not ancestry evidence.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "T-FTM000476", "label": "Spanish real / peso de a ocho", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "The Spanish silver real and peso account tradition is treated as a qualified branch within Castilian maravedí reckoning. The 1497 reform rated the real at 34 maravedís while maravedí accounts continued; scholarship describes real accounting within that common sixteenth-century system and subsequent divergence between silver and vellón values from 1603. This is an inference of local account differentiation from the combined evidence, not a claim that a coin tariff alone creates ancestry or that the real replaced and abolished the maravedí in 1497. The interval is a development window, not a known founding reform.", "claim_ids": [ "C336", "C953", "C1278", "C2112" ], "source_ids": [ "S171", "S630", "S99", "S1107", "S1108" ], "previous_finding": "Real/peso accounting and the eight-real denomination are documented. Rating reales in maravedis establishes coexistence and valuation, not a proved maravedí-to-real principal account succession; R0123 remains secondary.", "connection_ids": [ "R-V44-005" ], "outcome": "connection_restored" }, { "id": "CUR-V22-SWEDISH-SPECIE", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Qualified riksgalds descendant documented, not specie founding parent.", "claim_ids": [ "C1155" ], "source_ids": [ "S550" ], "label": "Swedish riksdaler specie", "previous_finding": "Qualified riksgalds descendant documented, not specie founding parent.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V29-TANG-CASH", "label": "Tang cash / guan accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Tang tax and price accounts in cash/strings are documented. The Qin witness does not establish intervening inheritance through Han and Sui; changing cash inscriptions alone cannot fill the account gap.", "claim_ids": [ "C1815", "C1816", "C1854", "C2016" ], "source_ids": [ "S1048", "S953", "S954", "S955" ], "previous_finding": "Tang tax and price accounts in cash/strings are documented. The Qin witness does not establish intervening inheritance through Han and Sui; changing cash inscriptions alone cannot fill the account gap.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000383", "label": "Thai baht", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Thai tical/baht is a continuing local account identity with qualified older price witnesses and legal obligations. The 1928 name/standard change is not a tical parent; no earlier distinct inherited unit is established.", "claim_ids": [ "C1157", "C1214", "C1261", "C1748", "C1749" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S590", "S614", "S897", "S898" ], "previous_finding": "Thai tical/baht is a continuing local account identity with qualified older price witnesses and legal obligations. The 1928 name/standard change is not a tical parent; no earlier distinct inherited unit is established.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-TIBET-TANGKA", "label": "Tibetan tangka accounting", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "The contemporary survey establishes official tangka accounting, separately rated against British rupees. The later srang-to-RMB conversion is documented but its identity link to this tangka account is unadjudicated; rupee circulation does not establish its parent.", "claim_ids": [ "C1393", "C1513" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S845" ], "previous_finding": "The contemporary survey establishes official tangka accounting, separately rated against British rupees. The later srang-to-RMB conversion is documented but its identity link to this tangka account is unadjudicated; rupee circulation does not establish its parent.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-TLAXCALA-CACAO", "label": "Tlaxcala cacao account unit", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "A local price ruling values ordinary goods in counted cacao beans with quality adjustments. It establishes this account witness, not descent from another cacao account or succession into colonial peso balances.", "claim_ids": [ "C1360" ], "source_ids": [ "S677", "S678" ], "previous_finding": "A local price ruling values ordinary goods in counted cacao beans with quality adjustments. It establishes this account witness, not descent from another cacao account or succession into colonial peso balances.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-TOLAI-TAMBU", "label": "Tolai tambu reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Road-work payments and prices establish tambu accounting. Contemporary shilling exchange quotations vary by goods and do not prove sterling ancestry; the European-trade prohibition did not terminate local usage.", "claim_ids": [ "C1357", "C1358", "C1727" ], "source_ids": [ "S672", "S673" ], "previous_finding": "Road-work payments and prices establish tambu accounting. Contemporary shilling exchange quotations vary by goods and do not prove sterling ancestry; the European-trade prohibition did not terminate local usage.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-TRAVANCORE-SIRKAR", "label": "Travancore Sirkar rupee", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Sirkar rupees denominate local accounts despite no full-rupee coin, with qualified linkage among observations. Neither earlier inheritance from an outside rupee nor the final account conversion is established by the 1950 coin legal-tender cessation.", "claim_ids": [ "C1390", "C1391", "C1515" ], "source_ids": [ "S541", "S698", "S847" ], "previous_finding": "Sirkar rupees denominate local accounts despite no full-rupee coin, with qualified linkage among observations. Neither earlier inheritance from an outside rupee nor the final account conversion is established by the 1950 coin legal-tender cessation.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V27-TUNISIAN-PIASTRE", "label": "Tunisian piastre / riyal reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Tunisian piastre/riyal fiscal obligations and replacement by francs in 1891 are established. The shared piastre name does not demonstrate earlier Ottoman account inheritance.", "claim_ids": [ "C1445", "C1446", "C1677" ], "source_ids": [ "S465", "S794" ], "previous_finding": "Tunisian piastre/riyal fiscal obligations and replacement by francs in 1891 are established. The shared piastre name does not demonstrate earlier Ottoman account inheritance.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-UJIJI-SOFI", "label": "Ujiji / Kawélé sofi reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Cameron's 1874 prices and moneychangers establish a local sofi bead account. Daily cloth exchange is neither a hard peg nor evidence that cloth accounting was its inherited parent; full successor transition remains open.", "claim_ids": [ "C2068", "C2069" ], "source_ids": [ "S1082", "S1083" ], "previous_finding": "Cameron's 1874 prices and moneychangers establish a local sofi bead account. Daily cloth exchange is neither a hard peg nor evidence that cloth accounting was its inherited parent; full successor transition remains open.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V37-BURMA-KYAT", "label": "Upper Burmese kyat debt reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "Burmese mortgage and sale deeds establish kyat-denominated debts with alloy descriptions. They do not establish a preceding account parent, colonial rupee succession or continuity to modern Myanmar kyat merely from the shared name.", "claim_ids": [ "C2049", "C2050", "C2051" ], "source_ids": [ "S1074" ], "previous_finding": "Burmese mortgage and sale deeds establish kyat-denominated debts with alloy descriptions. They do not establish a preceding account parent, colonial rupee succession or continuity to modern Myanmar kyat merely from the shared name.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V29-GIRSU-BARLEY-GUR", "label": "Ur III Girsu barley-gur reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "MVN 8,179 offsets a barley-denominated obligation partly with silver credited in barley units. It establishes barley as account denomination, not succession from Umma silver accounting or a universal Mesopotamian currency.", "claim_ids": [ "C1827", "C1848", "C1859" ], "source_ids": [ "S974", "S975" ], "previous_finding": "MVN 8,179 offsets a barley-denominated obligation partly with silver credited in barley units. It establishes barley as account denomination, not succession from Umma silver accounting or a universal Mesopotamian currency.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V29-UMMA-SILVER-SHEKEL", "label": "Ur III Umma silver-shekel reckoning", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "MVN 1,240 values varied goods and balances in silver minas/shekels. Girsu barley reckoning is a distinct contemporaneous accounting practice; common exchange calculations do not make it a predecessor.", "claim_ids": [ "C1825", "C1826", "C1847", "C1858" ], "source_ids": [ "S973", "S975" ], "previous_finding": "MVN 1,240 values varied goods and balances in silver minas/shekels. Girsu barley reckoning is a distinct contemporaneous accounting practice; common exchange calculations do not make it a predecessor.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-VENICE", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Distinct scriptural accounts documented; premium alone expressly insufficient; no predecessor transition claim.", "claim_ids": [ "C1399", "C1566" ], "source_ids": [ "S703", "S704" ], "label": "Venetian banco ducat — Banco del Giro accounts", "previous_finding": "Distinct scriptural accounts documented; premium alone expressly insufficient; no predecessor transition claim.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "FTM000094", "label": "Venezolano", "disposition": "retain_open_root", "finding": "The 1871 venezolano reform required public/private account conversion from 1872. The 1865 peso-fuerte/venezolano-de-oro relationship to that unit awaits direct statutory comparison; a naming distinction is not enough to create its missing predecessor.", "claim_ids": [ "C1277", "C1310" ], "source_ids": [ "S544" ], "previous_finding": "The 1871 venezolano reform required public/private account conversion from 1872. The 1865 peso-fuerte/venezolano-de-oro relationship to that unit awaits direct statutory comparison; a naming distinction is not enough to create its missing predecessor.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V26-VIRGINIA-POUND", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "Local accounts and contracts documented, not founding descent.", "claim_ids": [ "C1368", "C1369" ], "source_ids": [ "S683" ], "label": "Virginia pound of account", "previous_finding": "Local accounts and contracts documented, not founding descent.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" }, { "id": "CUR-V23-ZURICH-GULDEN", "disposition": "research_gap", "finding": "1803 local reckoning and outgoing federal-franc conversion documented, no founding parent.", "claim_ids": [ "C1183", "C1161" ], "source_ids": [ "S552", "S551" ], "label": "Zurich gulden account unit", "previous_finding": "1803 local reckoning and outgoing federal-franc conversion documented, no founding parent.", "connection_ids": [], "outcome": "research_gap_retained" } ] }