Evidence coverage: 1619–1873. This is the span of collected observations, not the currency’s lifetime.
This record includes associated currencies and earlier interpretations. The article selects the evidence relevant to its own history.
Documented obligations, prices or public accounting establish a scoped currency identity independently of surviving descendants.
No distinct predecessor currency is established in the loaded view.
The 1619 mandate compelled large bills through the banco; lending clauses explicitly measured principal and interest in Mark Banco.
Sources and qualifications →Reichsmark accounts opened alongside silver accounts on 15 November 1872; from 15 February 1873 merchants booked transfers in Reichsmark after the silver accounting basis ended.
Sources and qualifications →Unwithdrawn balances transferred to Reichsbank deposits at the end of 1875. This institutional succession postdates the currency conversion.
Sources and qualifications →Dated evidence, not exact birth or extinction dates.
The 1619 mandate compelled large bills through the banco; lending clauses explicitly measured principal and interest in Mark Banco.
C1396Reichsmark accounts opened alongside silver accounts on 15 November 1872; from 15 February 1873 merchants booked transfers in Reichsmark after the silver accounting basis ended.
C1397Dated observations, not a proven complete lifespan.
The 1619 mandate compelled large bills through the banco; lending clauses explicitly measured principal and interest in Mark Banco.
section3.2 p.20; lending ordinance clausesII–IV p.26
Author research and translated primary charters, not ECB institutional views.
Original French legal wording requires independent review; no later central-bank lineage added.
Reichsmark accounts opened alongside silver accounts on 15 November 1872; from 15 February 1873 merchants booked transfers in Reichsmark after the silver accounting basis ended.
final paragraphs p.858
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Article opening and final paragraphs; transcription lines 134–183, especially180–181.
LIMIT: Contemporary reportage rather than the conversion ordinance; scan not inspected.
Unwithdrawn balances transferred to Reichsbank deposits at the end of 1875. This institutional succession postdates the currency conversion.
section3.1 p.19
Author research and translated primary charters, not ECB institutional views.
Original French legal wording requires independent review; no later central-bank lineage added.
Existing merchant transfer accounting shifted to Reichsmark; later institutional absorption must not be called founding.
Article opening and final paragraphs; transcription lines134–183, especially180–181.
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Article opening and final paragraphs; transcription lines 134–183, especially180–181.
LIMIT: Contemporary reportage rather than the conversion ordinance; scan not inspected.
Replacement of transfer-account unit; bank itself continued through 1875.
final paragraphs p.858; section3.1 p.19
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Article opening and final paragraphs; transcription lines 134–183, especially180–181.
LIMIT: Contemporary reportage rather than the conversion ordinance; scan not inspected.
final paragraphs p.858; section3.1 p.19
Author research and translated primary charters, not ECB institutional views.
Original French legal wording requires independent review; no later central-bank lineage added.