Evidence coverage: 1600–1868. This is the span of collected observations, not the currency’s lifetime.
This record includes associated currencies and earlier interpretations. The article selects the evidence relevant to its own history.
Silver-based kan–monme–fun reckoning in Japanese commerce, especially Osaka and Kyoto; distinct from ryo gold and mon cash accounts. Not a silver-coin series.
No distinct predecessor currency is established in the loaded view.
Early-modern Japanese monetary accounting comprised independent gold, silver and cash units. Silver accounts reckoned 1000 monme perkan and 10 fun permonme.
Sources and qualifications →Osaka merchants continued pricing goods and making loans in monme/ginme even after monme silver coins largely disappeared from circulation.
Sources and qualifications →The museum distinguishes Chinese coin models, medieval one-coin/one-mon reckoning, and independent Edo gold, silver and copper values. This does not by itself establish Tang-account to Japanese-mon ancestry or merge mon, ryō and silver monme.
Sources and qualifications →Dated evidence, not exact birth or extinction dates.
Early-modern Japanese monetary accounting comprised independent gold, silver and cash units. Silver accounts reckoned 1000 monme perkan and 10 fun permonme.
C1382Osaka merchants continued pricing goods and making loans in monme/ginme even after monme silver coins largely disappeared from circulation.
C1383Dated observations, not a proven complete lifespan. Do not turn kan or fun into nodes. Regionally distinct senme/copper-based monme accounts require separate evidence.
Early-modern Japanese monetary accounting comprised independent gold, silver and cash units. Silver accounts reckoned 1000 monme perkan and 10 fun permonme.
PDF3
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Japanese extracted text inspected; original 1868 gazette not independently inspected.
Osaka merchants continued pricing goods and making loans in monme/ginme even after monme silver coins largely disappeared from circulation.
printed39, firstparagraph
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Silver-account lending was forbidden and converted to gold/cash accounts, with gold-denominated government notes subsequently specified. Gold ryo reckoning thus received the silver account branch. Regional historical absorption, not founding unit of ryo.
PDF43
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Japanese extracted text inspected; original 1868 gazette not independently inspected.
The same order explicitly permitted conversion of silver-denominated lending into cash reckoning at the transaction-date rate. Alternative local destination within monetary unification; do not imply every silver balance converted to mon.
PDF43
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Japanese extracted text inspected; original 1868 gazette not independently inspected.
Account-unit abolition: Administrative Proclamation 381 prohibited silver-denominated loans and required conversion into gold or cash reckoning at the transaction-day rate. Later 1868 order specified gold-denominated government notes.
PDF43,section2-2ロ; note159 cites法令全書明治元年p158
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Japanese extracted text inspected; original 1868 gazette not independently inspected.
The museum distinguishes Chinese coin models, medieval one-coin/one-mon reckoning, and independent Edo gold, silver and copper values. This does not by itself establish Tang-account to Japanese-mon ancestry or merge mon, ryō and silver monme.
Ancient/medieval sections and independent Edo gold, silver and copper accounts
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.