Evidence coverage: AD 780–AD 805. This is the span of collected observations, not the currency’s lifetime.
This record includes associated currencies and earlier interpretations. The article selects the evidence relevant to its own history.
No distinct predecessor currency is established in the loaded view.
No distinct successor currency is established in the loaded view.
A reported780 price comparison values a bolt of plain silk at4000 cash and a dou of rice at200 cash. These show money-denominated prices; context does not warrant universal purchasing-power estimates.
Sources and qualifications →Lu Zhi’s memorial against the twice-yearly tax describes conversion of different property categories into strings of money for assessment. This directly establishes fiscal account valuation independently of settlement material.
Sources and qualifications →Scoped Tang monetary accounting in cash and strings: fiscal valuation and prices, not a separate node for each coin inscription. No claim yet about continuity from earlier dynasties or into every Song region.
Sources and qualifications →The museum distinguishes Chinese coin models, medieval one-coin/one-mon reckoning, and independent Edo gold, silver and copper values. This does not by itself establish Tang-account to Japanese-mon ancestry or merge mon, ryō and silver monme.
Sources and qualifications →Qin cash obligations establish an earlier Chinese account witness. The reviewed ordinance does not establish the intervening account continuity through Han and Sui to the Tang profile.
Sources and qualifications →Dated evidence, not exact birth or extinction dates.
A reported780 price comparison values a bolt of plain silk at4000 cash and a dou of rice at200 cash. These show money-denominated prices; context does not warrant universal purchasing-power estimates.
C1815Lu Zhi’s memorial against the twice-yearly tax describes conversion of different property categories into strings of money for assessment. This directly establishes fiscal account valuation independently of settlement material.
C1816Dated observations, not a proven complete lifespan.
A reported780 price comparison values a bolt of plain silk at4000 cash and a dou of rice at200 cash. These show money-denominated prices; context does not warrant universal purchasing-power estimates.
p189
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Lu Zhi’s memorial against the twice-yearly tax describes conversion of different property categories into strings of money for assessment. This directly establishes fiscal account valuation independently of settlement material.
pp6–8, especially p7
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Later historical transmission and modern translation, not original manuscript.
Scoped Tang monetary accounting in cash and strings: fiscal valuation and prices, not a separate node for each coin inscription. No claim yet about continuity from earlier dynasties or into every Song region.
See scoped account observations.
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Later historical transmission and modern translation, not original manuscript.
See scoped account observations.
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
See scoped account observations.
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
The museum distinguishes Chinese coin models, medieval one-coin/one-mon reckoning, and independent Edo gold, silver and copper values. This does not by itself establish Tang-account to Japanese-mon ancestry or merge mon, ryō and silver monme.
Ancient/medieval sections and independent Edo gold, silver and copper accounts
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Qin cash obligations establish an earlier Chinese account witness. The reviewed ordinance does not establish the intervening account continuity through Han and Sui to the Tang profile.
Emerging Logistics Networks and New Financial Administration; cash ordinance and notes 106–111
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Publisher full text, translated excavated ordinance and dating discussion inspected; original slips not inspected.