Evidence coverage: 221 BC–221 BC. This is the span of collected observations, not the currency’s lifetime.
This record includes associated currencies and earlier interpretations. The article selects the evidence relevant to its own history.
No distinct predecessor currency is established in the loaded view.
No distinct successor currency is established in the loaded view.
Evidence within this identity, not separate currencies.
A Qin ordinance orders counties to discharge cash obligations and permits borrowing imperial cash repayable in the amount lent. Tong dates it probably to 221 BCE or shortly afterward. Admit a scoped Qin cash account, with approximate dating and no automatic Tang successor.
Sources and qualifications →Qin cash obligations establish an earlier Chinese account witness. The reviewed ordinance does not establish the intervening account continuity through Han and Sui to the Tang profile.
Sources and qualifications →Dated evidence, not exact birth or extinction dates.
A Qin ordinance orders counties to discharge cash obligations and permits borrowing imperial cash repayable in the amount lent. Tong dates it probably to 221 BCE or shortly afterward. Admit a scoped Qin cash account, with approximate dating and no automatic Tang successor.
C2009Dated observations, not a proven complete lifespan.
A Qin ordinance orders counties to discharge cash obligations and permits borrowing imperial cash repayable in the amount lent. Tong dates it probably to 221 BC or shortly afterward. Admit a scoped Qin cash account, with approximate dating and no automatic Tang successor.
Emerging Logistics Networks and New Financial Administration; cash ordinance and notes 106–111
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Publisher full text, translated excavated ordinance and dating discussion inspected; original slips not inspected.
Qin cash obligations establish an earlier Chinese account witness. The reviewed ordinance does not establish the intervening account continuity through Han and Sui to the Tang profile.
Emerging Logistics Networks and New Financial Administration; cash ordinance and notes 106–111
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Publisher full text, translated excavated ordinance and dating discussion inspected; original slips not inspected.