Evidence coverage: AD 900–AD 900. This is the span of collected observations, not the currency’s lifetime.
This record includes associated currencies and earlier interpretations. The article selects the evidence relevant to its own history.
No distinct predecessor currency is established in the loaded view.
No distinct successor currency is established in the loaded view.
Evidence within this identity, not separate currencies.
The copperplate dated 900 records acquittal of a debt of one kati and eight suwarna. The obligation is explicit; place of issuance and broader local identity remain qualified because provenance is uncertain.
Sources and qualifications →Shared Javanese monetary vocabulary does not establish a Java-to-Laguna inheritance or a continuous route into the Philippine peso. Do not equate this single record with a currency of the whole archipelago.
Sources and qualifications →Dated evidence, not exact birth or extinction dates.
The copperplate dated 900 records acquittal of a debt of one kati and eight suwarna. The obligation is explicit; place of issuance and broader local identity remain qualified because provenance is uncertain.
C2062Dated observations, not a proven complete lifespan.
The copperplate dated 900 records acquittal of a debt of one kati and eight suwarna. The obligation is explicit; place of issuance and broader local identity remain qualified because provenance is uncertain.
pp.186–187 translation line5 and nn.5–6; provenance discussion from p.185
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Article transcription inspected.
Shared Javanese monetary vocabulary does not establish a Java-to-Laguna inheritance or a continuous route into the Philippine peso. Do not equate this single record with a currency of the whole archipelago.
pp.186–187 translation line5 and nn.5–6; provenance discussion from p.185
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Article transcription inspected.