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Canadian dollar: research record

Evidence coverage: 1854–1881. This is the span of collected observations, not the currency’s lifetime.

This record includes associated currencies and earlier interpretations. The article selects the evidence relevant to its own history.

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Currency continuity

Canadian dollar

CAD · Research draft
One scoped currency identity. Changes to subdivisions, scale, standard, instruments or issuers do not by themselves create children. A distinct account unit can remain a successor.
Current currency in the inherited endpoint register.
Dated observations: 1854–1881; this does not establish the entire lifetime.

Parents / predecessors

Nova Scotia decimal dollarabsorbed into existing currency · 1 July 1871 for payments covered by section 6 · later absorption or contribution
↗
Prince Edward Island decimal dollarabsorbed into existing currency · 1881 · later absorption or contribution
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British Columbia decimal dollarabsorbed into existing currency · 1881 · later absorption or contribution
↗

Children / successors

No distinct successor currency is established in the loaded view.

Unit and issue records 1 records

Evidence within this identity, not separate currencies.

Canadian dollarFTM000492 · C161, C162, C163, C164
Monetary history 4 events

Includes dated issues, standards, subdivisions and institutional changes. Each event retains the source's date qualifications.

1857Adoption

Canada required dollar accounts from 31 December 1857 and issued decimal coins in 1858.

C161
1858Mintage

Canada required dollar accounts from 31 December 1857 and issued decimal coins in 1858.

C161
1970Canadian dollar returns to floating

Powell dates Canada’s return to a floating dollar to June 1970.

C164
1 August 1854 proclamationAuthorization

Canada’s 1853 act, proclaimed 1 August 1854, recognized both pound and dollar accounts; mandatory decimal accounts and coinage followed separately.

C317
Evidence & research notes 10 claims

Dated observations, not a proven complete lifespan.

Supported C161

Canada required dollar accounts from 31 December 1857 and issued decimal coins in 1858.

James Powell; Bank of Canada · A History of the Canadian Dollar Citation S11 · Open source ↗

Printed p. 24 / PDF p. 30

Source access and limitations

Follow its footnotes to currency laws and cited scholarship

Supported C162

Powell dates Nova Scotia’s decimal transition to 1860 and the 1871 alignment at 75 Nova Scotia cents for 73 Canadian cents.

James Powell; Bank of Canada · A History of the Canadian Dollar Citation S11 · Open source ↗

Printed pp. 24, 27

Source access and limitations

Follow its footnotes to currency laws and cited scholarship

Supported C163

Newfoundland’s 1863 decimal law took effect in 1865; its currency was aligned with Canada in 1895.

James Powell; Bank of Canada · A History of the Canadian Dollar Citation S11 · Open source ↗

Printed pp. 24, 27

Source access and limitations

Follow its footnotes to currency laws and cited scholarship

Supported C164

Powell dates Canada’s return to a floating dollar to June 1970.

James Powell; Bank of Canada · A History of the Canadian Dollar Citation S11 · Open source ↗

Printed p. 71 / PDF p. 77

Source access and limitations

Follow its footnotes to currency laws and cited scholarship

Supported C305

New Brunswick permitted decimal accounts in 1852 and required them from 1 November 1860; its dollar standard matched Canada’s.

A. B. McCullough; Archivaria 16 (1983), pp.83–94 · Currency Conversion in British North America, 1760–1900 Citation S156 · Open source ↗

pp.90–91, footnote 34

Source access and limitations

Nominal account values are not commercial exchange rates; Vancouver date table conflicts with prose, resolved here with the 1862 act.

Supported C312

The 1906 consolidation requires equivalent Canadian-currency payment of earlier BC and PEI debts payable after the 1 July 1881 boundary.

Canada; historical statutory text preserved in Aldrich papers, FRASER · Currency Act, Revised Statutes of Canada 1906, chapter 25 Citation S160 · Open source ↗

Currency, chapter 25, section 7, p.312

Source access and limitations

OCR inspected; cited sections establish historical debt treatment, not the date every coin stopped circulating.

Supported C313

Section 6 applies the 75-Nova-Scotia-cent to 73-Canadian-cent conversion to covered payments from 1 July 1871, rounding fractional Canadian cents to the nearest whole cent.

Canada; historical statutory text preserved in Aldrich papers, FRASER · Currency Act, Revised Statutes of Canada 1906, chapter 25 Citation S160 · Open source ↗

Currency, chapter 25, section 6, p.312

Source access and limitations

OCR inspected; cited sections establish historical debt treatment, not the date every coin stopped circulating.

Supported C314

Newfoundland aligned its dollar with Canada’s in 1895; parity is not proof that its local coinage ended.

A. B. McCullough; Archivaria 16 (1983), pp.83–94 · Currency Conversion in British North America, 1760–1900 Citation S156 · Open source ↗

p.91, footnote 36; compare S161

Source access and limitations

Nominal account values are not commercial exchange rates; Vancouver date table conflicts with prose, resolved here with the 1862 act.

Supported C317

Canada’s 1853 act, proclaimed 1 August 1854, recognized both pound and dollar accounts; mandatory decimal accounts and coinage followed separately.

James Powell; Bank of Canada · A History of the Canadian Dollar Citation S11 · Open source ↗

printed pp.23–24; PDF pp.29–30

Source access and limitations

Follow its footnotes to currency laws and cited scholarship

Supported C394

New Brunswick’s council reported on 10 November 1860 that its decimal-account act was operating, but Canadian coins were not legal tender locally.

New Brunswick Legislative Council; 1859–1861 correspondence reproduced in 1862 · Journal of the Legislative Council of New Brunswick, 20 February 1862: decimal coinage correspondence Citation S188 · Open source ↗

printed p.27, governor’s letter and council memorandum of 10 November 1860

Source access and limitations

Proposals, current reports and expected delivery dates are distinguished.

Mint letter predicts silver readiness; it does not prove actual arrival.

Transcription pp.24–30 inspected, especially letters of 10 November 1860 and 16 December 1861

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