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Malagasy franc — earlier Madagascar–Comoros regional phase: research record

Evidence coverage: 1925–2005. This is the span of collected observations, not the currency’s lifetime.

This record includes associated currencies and earlier interpretations. The article selects the evidence relevant to its own history.

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Currency continuity

Malagasy franc — earlier Madagascar–Comoros regional phase

FTM000270 · Research draft

Colonial and national issues are one traced local franc continuity; issuer changes are profile events.

One scoped currency identity. Changes to subdivisions, scale, standard, instruments or issuers do not by themselves create children. A distinct account unit can remain a successor.
Dated observations: 1925–2005; this does not establish the entire lifetime.

Parents / predecessors

French franc — 1795 to euro conversionterritorial currency separation · 1945
↗

Children / successors

Malagasy ariaryunit replacement · 2005-01-01
↗
Comorian francregional currency continuity · 1962–1963
↗

Siblings

Names and unit scales 2 records

These stages belong to this profile, not separate branches.

Malagasy franc1963–2005 · source record FTM000270
Madagascar colonial franc issues1925–1963 · source record T-FTM000831
Unit and issue records 2 records

Evidence within this identity, not separate currencies.

Madagascar colonial franc issuesFTM000831 · C766, C768
Malagasy francFTM000832 · C767, C768, C769

Latest research

Historical account research

ExistingMadagascarlegaltender currency renamedfrancmalgache effective1July1963; noadditionalnode orancestryevent.

Sources and qualifications →
Historical account research

Existing Malagasy CFA currency received the name francmalgache on1July1963.

Sources and qualifications →
Historical account research

Ordinance73-025 retains francmalgache,100centimes, under national monetary authority; transitional continuity is regulated.

Sources and qualifications →
Historical account research

Monetary cooperation contemplated national arrangements while preserving the existing unit and parity.

Sources and qualifications →
Modern account-unit review

1963 was a name change within the local Malagasy profile; actual French ancestry is supplied by revisedR0398.

Sources and qualifications →
Modern account-unit review

Comorian reckoning continues the earlier Madagascar–Comoros regional franc after the two territories become distinct legal-tender areas.

Sources and qualifications →
Modern account-unit review

The territorial Malagasy franc separated from metropolitan-franc reckoning in the1945 regional reform.

Sources and qualifications →
Unit-of-account identity review

Use1945 as explicit territorial-account separation anchor. Earlier1925–1928notes belong in predecessor/context history;1963rename and1973sovereignbank changes are within continuity.

Sources and qualifications →

Account-unit observations

Dated evidence, not exact birth or extinction dates.

1963supported

ExistingMadagascarlegaltender currency renamedfrancmalgache effective1July1963; noadditionalnode orancestryevent.

C1507
1963supported

Existing Malagasy CFA currency received the name francmalgache on1July1963.

C1547
1973supported

Ordinance73-025 retains francmalgache,100centimes, under national monetary authority; transitional continuity is regulated.

C1548
1960supported

Monetary cooperation contemplated national arrangements while preserving the existing unit and parity.

C1549

Reforms within this currency

1963Regional currency continuity

National franc issues continue the local franc monetary history.

C768
Monetary history 4 events

Includes dated issues, standards, subdivisions and institutional changes. Each event retains the source's date qualifications.

1926Regional issue

A distinct banknote issuer begins Madagascar franc issues following the 1925 law. French money circulated earlier; this is not the beginning of all money or all francs on the island.

C766
1963-07-01Regional currency continuity

Inference: The Malagasy franc designation marks the independent national branch. Do not erase prior Madagascar issues or equate 1963 with its first franc notes.

C767
1963Regional currency continuity

Inference: National franc issues continue the local franc monetary history.

C768
1925–1926Local issue succeeds imported currency

Distinct Malagasy franc issues followed the French currency introduced after annexation in 1896.

C980
Evidence & research notes 13 claims

Dated observations, not a proven complete lifespan.

Inference C767

The Malagasy franc designation marks the independent national branch. Do not erase prior Madagascar issues or equate 1963 with its first franc notes.

Association of African Central Banks · Association of African Central Banks — Madagascar / BFM history Citation S402 · Open source ↗

Colonial currency, 1963, and 2003–2005 sections

Source access and limitations

Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Inference C768

National franc issues continue the local franc monetary history.

Association of African Central Banks · Association of African Central Banks — Madagascar / BFM history Citation S402 · Open source ↗

Colonial currency, 1963, and 2003–2005 sections

Source access and limitations

Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Supported C769

The ariary becomes the accounting unit. Ariary-denominated new notes had already launched on 31 July 2003.

Association of African Central Banks · Association of African Central Banks — Madagascar / BFM history Citation S402 · Open source ↗

Colonial currency, 1963, and 2003–2005 sections

Source access and limitations

Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Supported C766

A distinct banknote issuer begins Madagascar franc issues following the 1925 law. French money circulated earlier; this is not the beginning of all money or all francs on the island.

Association of African Central Banks · Association of African Central Banks — Madagascar / BFM history Citation S402 · Open source ↗

Colonial currency, 1963, and 2003–2005 sections

Source access and limitations

Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Supported C980

Distinct Malagasy franc issues followed the French currency introduced after annexation in 1896.

Association of African Central Banks · La monnaie malgache Citation S464 · Open source ↗

Colonial period: 1896 French currency; law of 22 December 1925 establishing distinct Malagasy franc issues

Supported C1507

ExistingMadagascarlegaltender currency renamedfrancmalgache effective1July1963; noadditionalnode orancestryevent.

Association of African Central Banks · La monnaie malgache,26November 2010 Citation S831 · Open source ↗

Colonial and independence sections,web lines14–19

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

Supported C1547

Existing Malagasy CFA currency received the name francmalgache on1July1963.

International Monetary Fund · The CFA Franc System, IMF Staff Papers10(3),1963 Citation S890 · Open source ↗

Footnote; AACB1963paragraph

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

Relevant full indexed passages inspected in search results, including six-item list and IEM transition paragraphs.

Association of African Central Banks · La monnaie malgache,26November 2010 Citation S831 · Open source ↗

Footnote; AACB1963paragraph

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

Supported C1548

Ordinance73-025 retains francmalgache,100centimes, under national monetary authority; transitional continuity is regulated.

Republic of Madagascar · Ordonnance73-025 du12juin 1973 portant création de la Banque Centrale de la République Malgache Citation S891 · Open source ↗

Arts31–33,92–93

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

Read parsed29-page CNLégis transcription mirrored at Lexxika.

Supported C1549

Monetary cooperation contemplated national arrangements while preserving the existing unit and parity.

French Senate · Report 260,1959–1960, monetary cooperation agreements with Malagasy Republic Citation S892 · Open source ↗

Printed9/PDF8

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

Supported C1581

1963 was a name change within the local Malagasy profile; actual French ancestry is supplied by revisedR0398.

International Monetary Fund · The CFA Franc System, IMF Staff Papers10(3),1963 Citation S890 · Open source ↗

IMF footnote; AACB 1963paragraph

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

Relevant full indexed passages inspected in search results, including six-item list and IEM transition paragraphs.

Association of African Central Banks · La monnaie malgache,26November 2010 Citation S831 · Open source ↗

IMF footnote; AACB 1963paragraph

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

Supported C1582

Comorian reckoning continues the earlier Madagascar–Comoros regional franc after the two territories become distinct legal-tender areas.

French provisional government; reproduced by BCEAO · Decree of 25 December 1945, effective 26 December, in Histoire de l’Union monétaire ouest-africaine, tome I, Des origines à 1958 Citation S888 · Open source ↗

1950law art1 p474; IMF opening3–4/IEM section;1977paragraph54;1979arts4,6

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

International Monetary Fund · The CFA Franc System, IMF Staff Papers10(3),1963 Citation S890 · Open source ↗

1950law art1 p474; IMF opening3–4/IEM section;1977paragraph54;1979arts4,6

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

Relevant full indexed passages inspected in search results, including six-item list and IEM transition paragraphs.

World Bank · L’économie des Comores, Report 1626 a-COM,26July 1977, unofficial French translation Citation S832 · Open source ↗

1950law art1 p474; IMF opening3–4/IEM section;1977paragraph54;1979arts4,6

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

France and Comoros · Monetary cooperation agreement23November 1979, as amended29April 1987 Citation S833 · Open source ↗

1950law art1 p474; IMF opening3–4/IEM section;1977paragraph54;1979arts4,6

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

Supported C1658

The territorial Malagasy franc separated from metropolitan-franc reckoning in the1945 regional reform.

French provisional government; reproduced by BCEAO · Decree of 25 December 1945, effective 26 December, in Histoire de l’Union monétaire ouest-africaine, tome I, Des origines à 1958 Citation S888 · Open source ↗

Decree art1; Molet42–43

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

Louis Molet · Les monnaies à Madagascar, Cahiers de l’ISEA, série V no4 Citation S889 · Open source ↗

Decree art1; Molet42–43

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

Supported C1721

Use1945 as explicit territorial-account separation anchor. Earlier1925–1928notes belong in predecessor/context history;1963rename and1973sovereignbank changes are within continuity.

Louis Molet · Les monnaies à Madagascar, Cahiers de l’ISEA, série V no4 Citation S889 · Open source ↗

Printed42–43 / PDF36–37, 1925 banking change and 1945parity; printed41 / PDF35 on payments; PDF16 arts31–33; PDF28 arts92–93; PDF29 promulgation; Colonial and independence sections,web lines14–19

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

Republic of Madagascar · Ordonnance73-025 du12juin 1973 portant création de la Banque Centrale de la République Malgache Citation S891 · Open source ↗

Printed42–43 / PDF36–37, 1925 banking change and 1945parity; printed41 / PDF35 on payments; PDF16 arts31–33; PDF28 arts92–93; PDF29 promulgation; Colonial and independence sections,web lines14–19

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

Read parsed29-page CNLégis transcription mirrored at Lexxika.

Association of African Central Banks · La monnaie malgache,26November 2010 Citation S831 · Open source ↗

Printed42–43 / PDF36–37, 1925 banking change and 1945parity; printed41 / PDF35 on payments; PDF16 arts31–33; PDF28 arts92–93; PDF29 promulgation; Colonial and independence sections,web lines14–19

Source access and limitations

Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.

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