Evidence coverage: 1918–1941. This is the span of collected observations, not the currency’s lifetime.
This record includes associated currencies and earlier interpretations. The article selects the evidence relevant to its own history.
Evidence within this identity, not separate currencies.
The Estonian mark founding standard referenced the Ostmark; this standard reference is retained as context and excluded from ancestry traversal.
C818, C1648Official bank dates the establishment decision30 November1918; explicit obligation substitution is documented2 May1919. Keep separate decision and operational anchors.
Sources and qualifications →Old mark-denominated claims expressly become payable in Estonian marks.
Sources and qualifications →The Estonian mark founding standard referenced the Ostmark; this standard reference is retained as context and excluded from ancestry traversal. Retain supported optional standard_reference, not ancestry; keep_qualified denotes unresolved proposed ancestry only. Do not downgrade existing parity fact.
Sources and qualifications →Dated evidence, not exact birth or extinction dates.
Official bank dates the establishment decision30 November1918; explicit obligation substitution is documented2 May1919. Keep separate decision and operational anchors.
C1528The kroon replaced 100 Estonian marks.
100 Estonian mark per 1 Estonian kroon — 1928 scaleV0158 · The kroon replaced 100 Estonian marks.
C819Includes dated issues, standards, subdivisions and institutional changes. Each event retains the source's date qualifications.
The Estonian mark was initially defined at parity with the ostmark. Initial standard, not proof of exclusive replacement of every circulating currency.
C818The kroon replaced 100 Estonian marks.
C819Estonian kroons lost validity under Soviet occupation.
C821Dated observations, not a proven complete lifespan.
The Estonian mark was initially defined at parity with the ostmark. Initial standard, not proof of exclusive replacement of every circulating currency.
Estonian mark; first kroon; occupation; second kroon sections
The museum simplifies Soviet reforms.
Record their existence, but do not infer a universal 1947 conversion rate or uninterrupted territorial use.
The kroon replaced 100 Estonian marks.
Estonian mark; first kroon; occupation; second kroon sections
The museum simplifies Soviet reforms.
Record their existence, but do not infer a universal 1947 conversion rate or uninterrupted territorial use.
Estonia introduced Soviet rubles at 1.25 rubles per kroon. Kroons temporarily co-circulated; the displayed ratio is kroons per ruble.
20 June 1924; 1 January 1928; November 1940 entries
Estonian kroons lost validity under Soviet occupation.
Estonian mark; first kroon; occupation; second kroon sections
The museum simplifies Soviet reforms.
Record their existence, but do not infer a universal 1947 conversion rate or uninterrupted territorial use.
The restored kroon revived the interwar currency name and symbols.
Estonian mark; first kroon; occupation; second kroon sections
The museum simplifies Soviet reforms.
Record their existence, but do not infer a universal 1947 conversion rate or uninterrupted territorial use.
Official bank dates the establishment decision30 November1918; explicit obligation substitution is documented2 May1919. Keep separate decision and operational anchors.
Estonian mark section; ordinance §§3,6
The museum simplifies Soviet reforms.
Record their existence, but do not infer a universal 1947 conversion rate or uninterrupted territorial use.
Estonian mark section; ordinance §§3,6
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Substantive Estonian primary-law transcription inspected within research article. §3 contracts/goods offered only in Estonian marks and all claims denominated in marks fulfilled in same money. §6 amends occupation regulation by substituting Estonian marks for German and eastern marks.
DIGAR original issue landing page opened (https://dea.digar.ee/cgi-bin/dea?a=d&d=AKriigiteataja19190521.2.6); issue PDF403, so original scan was NOT inspected.
Old mark-denominated claims expressly become payable in Estonian marks.
section Säännökset aikajärjestyksessä, item19, §§1–3,6; Riigi Teataja21 May1919
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Substantive Estonian primary-law transcription inspected within research article. §3 contracts/goods offered only in Estonian marks and all claims denominated in marks fulfilled in same money. §6 amends occupation regulation by substituting Estonian marks for German and eastern marks.
DIGAR original issue landing page opened (https://dea.digar.ee/cgi-bin/dea?a=d&d=AKriigiteataja19190521.2.6); issue PDF403, so original scan was NOT inspected.
The Estonian mark founding standard referenced the Ostmark; this standard reference is retained as context and excluded from ancestry traversal.
Printed p9,PDF10; Estonian mark; first kroon; occupation; second kroon sections
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Printed p9,PDF10; Estonian mark; first kroon; occupation; second kroon sections
The museum simplifies Soviet reforms.
Record their existence, but do not infer a universal 1947 conversion rate or uninterrupted territorial use.
The2 May1919 ordinance substituted Estonian marks for German/Ostmarks in the inherited monetary regulation and required mark-denominated claims to be discharged in Estonian marks.
ordinance §§3,6
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Substantive Estonian primary-law transcription inspected within research article. §3 contracts/goods offered only in Estonian marks and all claims denominated in marks fulfilled in same money. §6 amends occupation regulation by substituting Estonian marks for German and eastern marks.
DIGAR original issue landing page opened (https://dea.digar.ee/cgi-bin/dea?a=d&d=AKriigiteataja19190521.2.6); issue PDF403, so original scan was NOT inspected.
ordinance §§3,6
The museum simplifies Soviet reforms.
Record their existence, but do not infer a universal 1947 conversion rate or uninterrupted territorial use.