Evidence coverage: 1970–1970. This is the span of collected observations, not the currency’s lifetime.
This record includes associated currencies and earlier interpretations. The article selects the evidence relevant to its own history.
No distinct successor currency is established in the loaded view.
Evidence within this identity, not separate currencies.
Dated changes of monetary basis; founding ancestry remains above.
Bermuda fixed its dollar at USD parity on 31 July 1972 under amended authority to define its external value beyond sterling.
31 July 1972 introduction; ending unreviewed
1 BMD per USD.
Amended BMA statutory parity authority and implemented exchange-rate fixing.
Distinct from the February 1970 dollar introduction. No continuous-operation or current-status claim is added.
No ending established here; this is not a claim of current operation. Excluded from ancestry, sibling relationships and depth.
Evidence and relationship details Register entry →Includes dated issues, standards, subdivisions and institutional changes. Each event retains the source's date qualifications.
Bundesbank records 6 February 1970: 2.40 Bermudian dollars per Bermuda pound.
C197Bermuda Act s.9 converts covered sterling references and transactions from 6 February 1970.
C439BMA reports that all old Bermuda currency had been demonetised by 30 June 1970 after gradual withdrawal.
C442Dated observations, not a proven complete lifespan.
Bundesbank records 6 February 1970: 2.40 Bermudian dollars per Bermuda pound.
PDF p. 30
Historical reference, not a 2026 legal-status audit.
Only selected country milestones used.
BMA dates the Bermudian dollar’s U.S.-dollar parity to 31 July 1972.
1972 milestone
Historical evidence only; current legal status and every intervening amendment are not inferred.
Bermuda Act s.9 converts covered sterling references and transactions from 6 February 1970.
s.9(2)–(4), printed p.13; Part IV commencement annotation
Not an as-enacted 1969 copy.
Historical s.9 transition is explicit; amended current tender powers are not projected backwards.
Bermuda conversion rounding discards fractions below half a cent and rounds half a cent or more upwards.
s.9(3)
Not an as-enacted 1969 copy.
Historical s.9 transition is explicit; amended current tender powers are not projected backwards.
BMA records a dollar launch on 6 February 1970 at eight shillings and fourpence: 12/5 dollars per former pound.
paragraph beginning 1970 saw; reciprocal arithmetic
Same release family as S103, not independent corroboration.
By 30 June is a bound, not proof of the exact final tender day or redemption expiry.
BMA reports that all old Bermuda currency had been demonetised by 30 June 1970 after gradual withdrawal.
same 1970 paragraph; by is retained as a bound
Same release family as S103, not independent corroboration.
By 30 June is a bound, not proof of the exact final tender day or redemption expiry.
BMA separately dates the formal US-dollar link to 31 July 1972; this is not the 1970 predecessor conversion.
paragraph beginning In 1972
Same release family as S103, not independent corroboration.
By 30 June is a bound, not proof of the exact final tender day or redemption expiry.
Bermuda fixed its dollar at USD parity on 31 July 1972 under amended authority to define its external value beyond sterling.
Single-page PDF, Bermuda Monetary Authority Act 1969 section
Same release family as S103, not independent corroboration.
By 30 June is a bound, not proof of the exact final tender day or redemption expiry.